阅读说明：本技术 一种圆锥滚子超精研用导辊的磨削方法及磨床 (Grinding method of guide roller for super-fine grinding of tapered roller and grinding machine ) 是由 高作斌 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种圆锥滚子超精研用导辊的磨削方法及磨床,涉及轴承加工技术领域,方法为：利用磨床的平形砂轮对导辊进行磨削,磨削时使砂轮的轴线在平行于导辊轴线的铅垂平面内有一个相对于导辊轴线的倾斜角,砂轮轴线在水平面内也有一个相对于导辊轴线的倾斜角,将磨床平形砂轮的外周面修整成宽度一大一小的两个锥面,利用宽度较大的锥面磨削导辊的螺旋形面,宽度较小的锥面磨削导辊的螺旋档边,并根据该磨削方法设计了相应的磨床。本发明有益效果：本发明可在满足导辊档边倾斜角度以及导辊螺旋形面磨削要求的同时,大幅提高导辊螺旋档边的磨削质量和效率,既适用于普通圆锥滚子也适用于精密圆锥滚子超精研导辊的磨削。(A grinding method and a grinding machine of a guide roller for super lapping of a tapered roller relate to the technical field of bearing processing, and the method comprises the following steps: the guide roller is ground by using a flat grinding wheel of a grinding machine, an inclination angle relative to the axis of the guide roller is formed in the vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide roller during grinding, the axis of the grinding wheel also has an inclination angle relative to the axis of the guide roller in the horizontal plane, the outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel of the grinding machine is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and one smaller, the spiral surface of the guide roller is ground by using the conical surface with the larger width, and the spiral flange of the guide roller is ground by using the conical surface with the smaller width. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can meet the requirements of the inclined angle of the guide roller stop edge and the grinding of the spiral surface of the guide roller, greatly improves the grinding quality and efficiency of the spiral stop edge of the guide roller, and is suitable for grinding both common tapered rollers and precise tapered rollers.)

1. A method for grinding a guide roller for super-finishing a tapered roller, wherein the guide roller is ground by a flat grinding wheel of a grinding machine, and the axis of the grinding wheel is inclined at an angle to the axis of the guide roller in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide rollerεThe method is characterized in that: the grinding wheel axis also has an angle of inclination in the horizontal plane with respect to the guide roller axisθ，The outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel of the grinding machine is trimmed into two conical surfaces with one larger width and one smaller width, the conical surface with the larger width is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller, and the conical surface with the smaller width is used for grinding the spiral edge of the guide roller.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the grinding step comprises: the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel axis in the horizontal plane relative to the guide roller axisθThe range of the angle is 10-20 degrees.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the grinding of the tapered roller super-finishing guide roller comprises: the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel axis in the horizontal plane relative to the guide roller axisθIs 15 deg.

4. A grinding machine for the guide roller of conic roller for super-fine grinding features that a flat grinding wheel is used, and the axis of grinding wheel has an inclined angle relative to the axis of guide roller in the vertical plane parallel to the axis of guide rollerεThe method is characterized in that: the grinding wheel axis also has an angle of inclination in the horizontal plane with respect to the guide roller axisθThe outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and one smaller, and the conical surface with the larger width is called a large conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller; the conical surface with smaller width is called small conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller.

5. The grinding machine of a tapered roller super-finishing guide roller as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel axis in the horizontal plane relative to the guide roller axisθThe range of the angle is 10-20 degrees.

6. The grinding machine of a tapered roller super-finishing guide roller as defined in claim 5, wherein: the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel axis in the horizontal plane relative to the guide roller axisθIs 15 deg.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing processing, and particularly relates to a grinding method of a guide roller for ultra-fine grinding of a tapered roller and a grinding machine.

Background

The tapered roller is an important part of a rolling bearing, and the conical surface of the tapered roller needs to be ground and super-finely ground. The grinding and ultra-finishing of the tapered surface of the tapered roller usually adopt a centerless penetration type processing mode, wherein a guide roller used in ultra-finishing and a guide wheel used in grinding are important special parts which play a role of a main shaft, and the processing precision of the guide roller and the guide wheel directly influences the processing quality of the tapered roller. The main working surfaces of the guide roller are two spiral working surfaces which are in direct contact with the roller, one is a spiral surface which is in contact with the rolling surface of the roller, and the other is a spiral rib which is in contact with the ball base surface of the roller. The spiral working surface of the guide roller has a special structure, structural parameters need to be specially designed according to the type of the roller and the requirements of ultra-precision grinding machining, and the requirement on grinding precision is high, so that a special guide roller grinding machine is needed for grinding machining. Both of these major working surfaces of the guide roller are susceptible to wear and require a restorative grinding process to be reused. The working surface of the guide wheel, which is directly contacted with the tapered roller, has similar structure and use characteristics with the guide roller, so that the guide roller grinding method and the grinding machine can also be used for guide wheel grinding. As a special grinding machine for grinding a guide roller and a guide wheel, it is required to grind not only a spiral surface but also a spiral edge. The super-finishing process using the guide roller is always arranged after the grinding process using the guide roller, and the length of the guide roller is usually much longer than that of the guide roller, so the grinding requirement and the grinding difficulty of the guide roller are often higher than those of the guide roller. The guide wheel grinding machine can only grind the guide wheel and cannot grind the guide wheel. With the popularization of the ultra-finishing process, the grinding requirement of the guide roller is increased, and the guide roller grinding machine has the function of grinding the guide roller after being improved, but the name of the guide roller grinding machine is also called as the guide roller grinding machine in a habit at present. The guide roller grinding method and the grinding machine are suitable for guide roller grinding and guide roller grinding machines.

The existing guide roller grinding machine and the guide roller grinding method are characterized in that (1) the axis of a guide roller is parallel to the moving straight line of a workbench; the axis of the grinding wheel is kept parallel to the axis of the guide roller in the horizontal plane and is inclined in the vertical plane, and the inclination angle of the grinding wheel is the vertical swing angle of the grinding wheel frame and is adjustable. (2) The flat grinding wheel is adopted, the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is trimmed into a single conical surface, and the end surface of the grinding wheel is not trimmed. (3) When the guide roller spiral blocking edge is ground, the inclination angle of the axis of the grinding wheel in a vertical plane is adjusted according to the spiral lifting angle of the guide roller blocking edge and the inclination angle of the blocking edge relative to the axis of the guide roller, and the guide roller spiral blocking edge is ground by means of the large-end arc line of the peripheral conical surface of the grinding wheel.

The reason that the end face of a grinding wheel is not trimmed in the conventional guide roller grinding method is to avoid influencing the grinding of the spiral surface of the guide roller. When the spiral surface of the guide roller is ground, the width of the grinding wheel is ensured to be slightly larger than that of the spiral surface of the guide roller. If the end face of the grinding wheel is dressed, the width of the grinding wheel is reduced along with the increase of the dressing amount, and the spiral face grinding of the guide roller is affected.

The problem of grinding the guide roller spiral rib by means of the large-end arc line of the peripheral conical surface of the grinding wheel in the prior art is disclosed in journal bearing 2013, 8 th, and a paper entitled "tapered roller superfinishing guide roller rib profile analysis" (hereinafter referred to as publication 1 for short) is analyzed in detail. According to the publication 1, in the conventional method, in order to satisfy the requirement of the inclination angle of the rib with respect to the axis of the guide roller when grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller, the grinding wheel frame vertical swing angle needs to be smaller than the lead angle of the rib of the guide roller, so that the rib is ground by the circular arc line of the large end of the outer peripheral conical surface of the grinding wheel.

In the existing method for grinding the spiral flange of the guide roller, only the large-end arc line of the conical surface of the grinding wheel participates in grinding, so that the ground surface quality is poor, the requirement of ultra-fine grinding processing of a precise conical roller is difficult to meet, and the service life of the guide roller is also influenced. In the superfinishing process of the tapered roller, a larger thrust exists between the spiral edge of the guide roller and the ball base surface of the roller, the guide roller is in a sliding state, and if the surface roughness of the edge of the guide roller is larger, scratches and even scratches are easily generated on the ball base surface of the roller. In addition, the greater the surface roughness of the guide roller edge, the more easily the surface is worn, thereby affecting the service life of the guide roller.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a grinding method and a grinding machine of a guide roller for super-fine grinding of a tapered roller, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art, improve the grinding quality of a spiral retaining edge of the guide roller and meet the grinding requirement of a spiral surface of the guide roller.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for grinding a guide roller for super-finishing a tapered roller, wherein the guide roller is ground by a flat grinding wheel of a grinding machine, and the axis of the grinding wheel is inclined at an angle to the axis of the guide roller in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide rollerεThe grinding wheel axis also having an angle of inclination in the horizontal plane with respect to the guide roller axisθ，Grinding wheel for flattening grinding machineThe outer peripheral surface of the grinding roller is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and the width being one smaller, the conical surface with the larger width is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller, and the conical surface with the smaller width is used for grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller.

In the method for grinding the guide roller for super-fine grinding of the tapered roller, the inclination angle of the axis of a grinding wheel relative to the axis of the guide roller in a horizontal planeθThe range of the angle is 10-20 degrees.

In the method for grinding the guide roller for super-fine grinding of the tapered roller, the inclination angle of the axis of a grinding wheel relative to the axis of the guide roller in a horizontal planeθIs 15 deg.

A grinding machine for the guide roller of conic roller for super-fine grinding features that a flat grinding wheel is used, and the axis of grinding wheel has an inclined angle relative to the axis of guide roller in the vertical plane parallel to the axis of guide rollerεIn the horizontal plane, with an angle of inclination relative to the axis of the guide rollerθThe outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and one smaller, and the conical surface with the larger width is called a large conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller; the conical surface with smaller width is called small conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller.

In the grinding machine of the guide roller for super-fine grinding of the tapered roller, the inclination angle of the axis of a grinding wheel relative to the axis of the guide roller in a horizontal planeθThe range of the angle is 10-20 degrees.

In the grinding machine of the guide roller for super-fine grinding of the tapered roller, the inclination angle of the axis of the grinding wheel relative to the axis of the guide roller in the horizontal planeθIs 15 deg.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the grinding quality of the spiral guide roller retaining edge is greatly improved while the requirements of the retaining edge inclination angle and the grinding of the spiral surface of the guide roller are met; the efficiency of the guide roller spiral edge grinding and the durability of the grinding wheel are improved; the grinding device is suitable for grinding of a common tapered roller and a precise tapered roller superfinishing guide roller, is also suitable for grinding of a guide roller for centerless grinding of the tapered roller, and is characterized in that:

(1) when the spiral rib of the guide roller is ground, only the large-end arc line of the conical surface of the grinding wheel participates in grinding in the prior method, and the grinding particles on the large-end arc line cannot participate in grinding completely due to the fact that the end face of the grinding wheel is not trimmed, so that the grinding particles which actually participate in grinding are few, the grinding quality is poor, the efficiency is low, and the grinding wheel is easy to dull; compared with the prior art, the grinding method and the grinding machine have the advantages that the small conical surface of the finished grinding wheel participates in grinding, the width of the guide roller edge is 1.5-3mm according to the granularity of the grinding wheel of No. 60, and the number of the abrasive grains participating in grinding is increased by at least 5-10 times compared with that of the abrasive grains in the prior art, so that the grinding quality and the grinding efficiency are greatly improved, and the durability of the grinding wheel is also greatly improved.

(2) According to the conjugate surface principle, based on the geometric relationship and the relative motion relationship between the grinding wheel and the guide roller during grinding of the guide roller, the inclined angle of the spiral retaining edge of the guide roller after grinding can meet the design requirement, and meanwhile, the spiral surface of the guide roller after grinding can also meet the design requirement.

(3) The surface quality of the spiral rib of the grinding guide roller is better than that of the prior method, and other requirements of guide roller grinding can be met, so the method is suitable for grinding the precise tapered roller superfinishing guide rollers. Meanwhile, compared with the existing grinding method, the method and the grinding machine of the invention have the advantages of no additional requirement, no cost increase and efficiency improvement, thereby being suitable for grinding the common tapered roller superfinishing guide roller.

(4) The grinding method and the grinding machine of the invention are also suitable for grinding the guide wheel for centerless grinding of the tapered roller, because the structure and the use characteristics of the guide wheel and the spiral working surface of the guide roller are similar.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of a roll grinder and the shape of the outer peripheral surface of a grinding wheel according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the spiral working surface of the guide roll of the present invention shown in the axial plane of the roll;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spiral working surface structure of the guide roller shown in the spiral radial normal plane of the guide roller flange of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows the inclination angle between the grinding wheel axial width and the grinding wheel axial line of the large and small conical surfaces of the grinding wheel according to the present inventionθA schematic diagram of the relationship of (1);

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the geometric relationship of the change in width of the large and small cones caused by dressing of the large and small cones of the grinding wheel according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the geometric relationship between the grinding wheel and the guide roller of the present invention shown in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide roller;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the geometric relationship between the grinding wheel and the guide roller shown in the spiral radial normal plane of the guide roller flange of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the geometric spatial relationship between the straight line of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel contacting the rib of the guide roller and the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the guide roller.

The labels in the figure are: 1. grinding wheel, 2, guide roller.

Detailed Description

The following description of specific embodiments (examples) of the present invention are provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention.

A method for grinding a guide roller for super-finishing a tapered roller, wherein the guide roller is ground by a flat grinding wheel of a grinding machine, and the axis of the grinding wheel is inclined at an angle to the axis of the guide roller in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide rollerεThe grinding wheel axis also has an inclination angle relative to the guide roller axis in the horizontal planeθThe outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel of the grinding machine is trimmed into two conical surfaces with one larger width and one smaller width, the conical surface with the larger width is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller, and the conical surface with the smaller width is used for grinding the spiral edge of the guide roller.

A grinding machine for the guide roller of conic roller for super-fine grinding features that a flat grinding wheel is used, and the axis of grinding wheel has an inclined angle relative to the axis of guide roller in the vertical plane parallel to the axis of guide rollerεIn the horizontal plane, with an angle of inclination relative to the axis of the guide rollerθThe outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and one smaller, and the conical surface with the larger width is called a large conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller; the conical surface with smaller width is called small conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller.

Angle of inclination of grinding wheel axis in horizontal plane relative to guide roller axisθThe range of the angle is 10-20 degrees.

Angle of inclination of grinding wheel axis in horizontal plane relative to guide roller axisθA preferred value of (c) is 15 °.

The spiral surface and the spiral flange of the guide roller are respectively ground by the large conical surface and the small conical surface of the grinding wheel.

When the guide roller helical surface is ground by using the large conical surface of the grinding wheel, the large conical surface of the grinding wheel needs to be trimmed to ensure the grinding performance of the guide roller helical surface, and meanwhile, the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel also needs to be kept at a proper value slightly larger than that of the guide roller helical surface. When the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel is smaller than a proper value, the large conical surface can be trimmed and enlarged; when the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel is larger than a required value, the small conical surface can be trimmed and reduced.

When the guide roller spiral rib is ground by using the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, the small conical surface of the grinding wheel also needs to be trimmed to ensure the grinding performance of the guide roller spiral rib, and meanwhile, the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel is larger than that of the guide roller spiral rib. When the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel is smaller than a required value, the small conical surface can be trimmed and increased.

The technical principle of the invention for achieving the beneficial effects is further explained by combining the drawings in the specification.

(1) The layout of the guide roller grinding machine and the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the guide roller grinding machine and the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel according to the present invention, wherein OO is the grinding wheel axis, and O1O1 is the guide roller axis. As shown in FIG. 1, the grinding wheel axis has an angle of inclination in the horizontal plane with respect to the guide roller axisθAlso having an angle of inclination in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide rollerε(ii) a The outer peripheral surface of the flat grinding wheel is trimmed into two conical surfaces with the width being one larger and one smaller, wherein the conical surface with the larger width is called a large conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral surface of the guide roller; the conical surface with smaller width is called a small conical surface and is used for grinding the spiral rib of the guide roller.

(2) Structure of guide roller spiral working face

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the spiral working surface of the guide roller shown in the axial plane of the guide roller. In FIG. 2, the axial section of the helical surface of the guide roll is a slightly concave inclined curve, the angle of inclination of which with respect to the axis of the guide roll is referred to as the roll angle, forβg represents; the concave amount is usually only a few microns, and the concave features are not shown in the figure; the helix angle of the helical rib of the guide roller isηThe angle is the included angle between the straight line J2J2 and the axis of the guide roller; line J1J1 represents the tangential plane to the helicoid of the deflector roll rib; J2J2 represents a plane passing through any point normal line and radial straight line on the spiral flange of the guide roller, which is called a spiral radial normal plane of the guide roller flange for short; line J2J2 is perpendicular to J1J 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spiral face of the guide roll shown in the plane normal to the radial direction of the spiral of the rib of the guide roll. In FIG. 3, the guide roller helical rib is truncated to be an inclined straight line, and the angle of inclination with respect to the radial direction of the guide roller is referred to as the rib inclination angleωg represents. Here the angle of inclination of the ribsωg and the bank angle described in the publication 1ωAnd are not the same. Although both angles represent the degree of inclination of the guide roller rib relative to the guide roller axis, the reference plane and the angle reference line of both are different. The rib inclination angle described in the publication 1ωIs measured in a plane passing through the axis of the guide roller with the axis of the guide roller as a reference line.

(3) Working mode of the invention during grinding of guide rollers

The working mode when the guide roller is ground is that the grinding wheel rotates at high speed; the guide roller performs low-speed fixed-shaft rotary motion on the workbench and moves linearly along with the workbench; when the spiral surface of the guide roller is ground, the grinding wheel makes transverse linear movement to realize tool setting and feeding along the radial direction of the guide roller; when the spiral rib of the guide roller is ground, tool setting is realized by combining horizontal linear movement of the grinding wheel and longitudinal linear movement of the workbench, and axial feeding of the guide roller is realized by the longitudinal linear movement of the workbench. The matching relation between the rotation of the guide roller and the movement of the workbench is as follows: the working table moves for the length of one guide roller lead every time the guide roller rotates for one circle. The axis of the guide roller is consistent with the moving linear direction of the workbench.

(4) Preference for the grinding wheel axis to be inclined by an angle theta in the horizontal plane relative to the axis of the guide roller

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the axial width of the grinding wheel cone and the angle θ of inclination of the grinding wheel axis. In fig. 4, H1 is the width of the grinding wheel macro-cone in its axial direction,h2 is the width of the small cone of the grinding wheel along the axial direction, H is the total width of the grinding wheel along the axial direction, AB is the width of the large cone of the grinding wheel along the generatrix direction, BC is the width of the small cone of the grinding wheel along the generatrix direction, OO is the axis of the grinding wheel, O2O2 is the moving straight line of the workbench,

is the included angle between the big conical surface of the grinding wheel and the end surface of the adjacent grinding wheel,

β s is the included angle between the grinding wheel small conical surface and the adjacent grinding wheel end surface, 8932 s is the included angle between the grinding wheel large conical surface generatrix and the worktable moving straight line in the horizontal plane, namely the included angle between the guide roller axis, which is about equal to the roller shape oblique angle of the guide roller helical surface, and for the tapered roller with the half cone angle between 0.5 DEG and 5 DEG, the included angle is about 0.65 DEG to 6.5 DEG, ω s is the included angle between the grinding wheel small conical surface generatrix and the guide roller radial direction in the horizontal plane, which is about equal to the oblique angle of the guide roller helical rib, which is generally about 5 DEG, according to the geometrical relationship shown in FIG. 4, the calculation formulas of H1 and H2:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

from the analysis of the consumption of the grinding wheel abrasive, H represents the total amount of the grinding wheel abrasive, H1 represents the amount of the abrasive consumed for grinding the spiral profile of the guide roller, H2 represents the amount of the abrasive consumed for grinding the spiral profile of the guide roller, and the sum of H1 and H2 is equal to H. On the other hand, from the analysis of the metal material amount to be ground, the guide roller spiral surface width represents the metal material amount to be ground when the guide roller spiral surface is ground, and the guide roller spiral rib width represents the metal material amount to be ground when the guide roller spiral rib is ground. There is a proportional relationship between the amount of grinding wheel abrasive consumed and the amount of metal material removed, and therefore the ratio of H1 to H2 should be equal to the ratio of the width of the helical face of the guide roll to the width of the helical rib of the guide roll.

The width value of the spiral edge of the guide roller is smaller, and is generally 1.5mm to 3 mm; considering the factors of convenient tool setting and the like, the width BC of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel along the generatrix direction generally reaches 3mm to 6mm, namely the ratio of the BC to the width of the spiral edge of the guide rollerkTypically in the range of 2 to 4. The width of the spiral surface of the guide roller depends on the length of the tapered roller, the value of the width is often far larger than that of the spiral edge of the guide roller, and the value of the width AB of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel along the generatrix direction is very close to that of the width AB of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel, namely the ratio of the AB to the width of the spiral surface of the guide roller is about 1. Thus, there is a ratio of H1 to H2 as follows:

according to the relation between the ratios of H1 and H2, the calculation formula of H1 and H2 is noted to obtain the inclination angleθThe preferred value analysis formula is as follows:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,kthe ratio of the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel along the generatrix direction to the width of the spiral edge of the guide roller is generally 2 to 4.

According to the above-mentioned inclination angleθIs preferably a value analysis formula, note thatk、βs andωs value range, the angle of inclination can be obtainedθPreferably in the range of 10 to 20, so that the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel axis in the horizontal plane with respect to the guide roller axis is takenθA preferred value of (c) is 15 °.

(5) Ensuring the width of large and small conical surfaces of grinding wheel

When the grinding wheel large conical surface is used for grinding the guide roller spiral surface, the width of the large conical surface along the generatrix direction is larger than that of the spiral surface, but the width of the grinding wheel large conical surface cannot be too large due to the width of the guide roller spiral groove, so that a proper value is ensured. When the guide roller spiral rib is ground by using the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel along the bus direction is ensured to be larger than that of the guide roller spiral rib.

The dressing of the large conical surface or the small conical surface of the grinding wheel can simultaneously change the width of the large conical surface and the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the width of the large and small cones caused by the dressing of the large and small cones of the grinding wheel, wherein AB is the width of the large cone of the grinding wheel, BC is the width of the small cone of the grinding wheel, CD is the adjacent end face of the small cone of the grinding wheel, AE is the adjacent end face of the large cone of the grinding wheel, OO is the axis of the grinding wheel, A₁B₁Is the width of the grinding wheel after the large conical surface is finished, B₁C₁Is the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel after being trimmed. Because the included angle between AB and AE and the included angle between AB and BC are obtuse angles and the included angle between BC and CD is also obtuse angle, A₁B₁Greater than AB, B₁C₁Greater than BC. This means that a large cone trim will increase the large cone width while also decreasing the small cone width; minor taper trimming results in an increase in minor taper width and a decrease in major taper width.

According to the width variation trend of the large and small conical surfaces of the grinding wheel caused by the grinding wheel dressing, when the guide roller helical surface is ground by using the large conical surface of the grinding wheel, if the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel is smaller than a required value, the large conical surface can be dressed to be increased; if the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel is larger than the required value, the small conical surface can be trimmed and reduced, so that the width of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel can meet the grinding requirement. When the guide roller spiral rib is ground by using the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, if the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel is smaller than a required value, the small conical surface can be trimmed and increased, so that the width of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel can meet the grinding requirement.

(6) Satisfaction of design requirement of inclination angle of spiral retaining edge of guide roller after grinding

When the guide roller spiral flange is ground by using the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, the design requirement of the inclined angle of the flange can be met by reasonably selecting two parameters of the vertical swing angle of the grinding carriage and the half cone angle of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel.

The vertical swing angle of the grinding carriage is recorded asε ₂The half cone angle of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel isβ ₂。β ₂Andε ₂the selection of the grinding wheel needs to meet the design requirement of the inclination angle of the spiral rib of the guide roller and also ensures that the small conical surface of the grinding wheel participates in grinding, but only one circular arc on the grinding wheel participates in grinding like the existing method. For this purpose, the grinding wheel axis is located in the radial normal plane of the guide roller flange helix, and the angle of inclination of the grinding wheel minor cone section straight line in the plane with respect to the guide roller radial direction is equal to the angle of inclination of the guide roller flangeωg. Under the condition, the linear velocity direction of the contact part of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel and the spiral rib of the guide roller is exactly the tangential direction of the spiral surface of the spiral rib of the guide roller, the small conical surface of the grinding wheel can keep line contact with the spiral rib of the guide roller, and the contact line is the axial contour line of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, so that on one hand, the small conical surface of the grinding wheel can be ensured to participate in grinding, and on the other hand, the inclination angle of the rib of the guide roller after grinding can be ensured to be equal to the inclination angle of the truncated straight line of the small conical surface of theωg。

The geometric relationship between the grinding wheel and the guide roller, shown in a vertical plane parallel to the axis of the guide roller, is shown in figure 6. The geometric relationship between the grinding wheel and the guide roller as shown in the spiral radial normal plane of the guide roller rib is shown in figure 7. The grinding wheel axis lies in the plane of the helix radial normal to the guide roller rib, so that in the vertical plane parallel to the guide roller axis shown in figure 6, the angle between the grinding wheel axis and the guide roller axis is equal to the helix angle of the guide roller ribη(ii) a In the plane of the spiral radial method of the flange of the guide roller shown in FIG. 7, the section straight line of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel is consistent with the section straight line of the flange of the guide roller, the superposed part of the section straight line and the section straight line is the contact straight line of the small conical surface of the grinding wheel and the flange of the guide roller, and the inclination angle of the contact straight line relative to the radial direction of the guide roller is equal to theωg, the angle of inclination of which relative to the axis of the grinding wheel is equal to the half cone angle of the small cone of the grinding wheelβ ₂。

The space geometric relationship between the contact straight line of the small grinding wheel conical surface and the guide roller flange and the axial line of the grinding wheel and the axial line of the guide roller is shown in figure 8, wherein P2P2 is the contact straight line of the small grinding wheel conical surface and the guide roller flange, OO is the axial line of the grinding wheel, and O1O1 is the axial line of the guide roller.

From the geometrical relationship shown in FIG. 8, it is knownθ，ηAnd in accordance with design requirementsωg value, can be calculatedβ ₂Andε ₂the value of (c). Thus, according to calculationβ ₂Andε ₂the vertical swing angle of the grinding carriage and the small conical surface half-cone angle of the grinding wheel are selected to ensure the inclination angle of the flangeωg reaches the design requirement value, and simultaneously, the small conical surface of the grinding wheel is ensured to participate in grinding.

(7) Improvement of grinding quality and grinding efficiency of guide roller spiral flange

When the spiral rib of the guide roller is ground, only the large-end arc line of the conical surface of the grinding wheel participates in grinding in the prior method, and the grinding particles on the large-end arc line cannot participate in grinding completely due to the fact that the end face of the grinding wheel is not trimmed, so that the grinding particles which actually participate in grinding are few, the grinding quality is poor, the efficiency is low, and the grinding wheel is easy to dull; compared with the prior art, the grinding method and the grinding machine have the advantages that the small conical surface of the finished grinding wheel participates in grinding, the number of the grinding particles participating in grinding is at least increased by 5-10 times compared with that of the grinding wheel obtained by the conventional method according to the granularity number of 60 of the grinding wheel and the width of the guide roller edge of 1.5-3mm, and when the granularity number of the grinding wheel is increased, the number of the grinding particles participating in grinding is increased, so that the grinding quality and the grinding efficiency are greatly improved, and the durability of the grinding wheel is also greatly improved.

When the guide roller flange is ground by using the small conical surface of the grinding wheel, the axis of the grinding wheel is positioned in the spiral radial normal plane of the guide roller flange, so that the small conical surface of the grinding wheel and the guide roller flange only form linear contact in the plane, and the other positions are not contacted, thereby ensuring that the small conical surface of the grinding wheel participates in grinding.

In contrast, in the conventional grinding method, only the large-end circular arc line of the grinding wheel cone is involved in grinding, which is disclosed in the publication 1.

(8) Satisfaction of design requirements of spiral surface of guide roller after grinding

When the grinding wheel large conical surface is used for grinding the guide roller spiral surface, the design requirements can be met through reasonable selection of two parameters, namely the vertical swing angle of the grinding carriage and the half cone angle of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel.

Published in journal of mechanical engineering journal, vol.54, No. 21 of 2018, 11 and month, entitled "profile analysis of tapered roller with crown superfinishing tapered column matching guide roller", hereinafter referred to as publication 2, in 3.1 andsection 3.2, the equation of the ideal surface of the tapered roller inclined penetrating type super-finishing guide roller is given, and the characteristics of the ideal surface are explained, which shows that the axial section of the spiral surface of the guide roller is a slightly concave inclined curve, and the characteristics of the inclined surface can be the roll-shape concavity and the roll-shape taper angle (which is the roll-shape bevel angle described in the specification above)βg) Two parameters are expressed. The oblique angle of the roller described in the publication 2 is zero, which is the positive through type super lapping. The roll skew angle is not limited in the publication 2, and therefore, the ideal surface equation of the guide roll is commonly used for both skew and normal placement. The two modes are the main modes of tapered roller penetration type ultra-fine grinding.

A paper entitled "grinding roller shape of tapered roller super-finishing guide roller and precision measurement thereof" published in journal bearing 2015, 8.8.3 is hereinafter referred to as a publication 3. in section 1, based on a conjugate surface principle and based on a geometric relationship and a relative motion relationship between a grinding wheel and a guide roller in a grinding process, a spiral surface equation of the ground tapered roller super-finishing guide roller is established, and the influence rule of the surface characteristics, grinding parameters such as a half cone angle of the grinding wheel, a vertical swing angle of a grinding wheel frame and the like on the spiral surface is explained, the axial section of the spiral surface of the ground guide roller is also a slightly concave inclined curve, and the characteristics can be expressed by two parameters of the roller shape concavity and the roller shape cone angle (namely the roller shape oblique angle in the specification); the roll-shaped taper angle and the roll-shaped concavity of the spiral surface of the guide roller are changed along with different values of grinding parameters such as the half cone angle of the grinding wheel, the vertical swing angle of the grinding wheel frame and the like.

According to the published document 3, the half cone angle of the grinding wheel and the vertical swing angle of the grinding wheel frame are reasonably selected, so that the ground spiral surface of the guide roller is very close to the designed surface in both the roll shape oblique angle and the roll shape concavity, and the design requirement is met.

In principle, the axial section of the grinding roll shape described in the publication 3 has a slant and concave feature, and the basic reason is that the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is a tapered surface, and the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the guide roller are in a spatially staggered relationship. The peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is also a conical surface, the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the guide roller are in a spatial staggered relationship, and the axial section of the ground guide roller profile also has the characteristics of inclination and concavity, so that the design requirement of the guide roller profile can be met through reasonable selection of two parameters of the vertical swing angle of the grinding carriage and the half cone angle of the large conical surface of the grinding wheel.

The surface quality of the grinding guide roller spiral rib is better than that of the prior method, and other requirements of guide roller grinding can be met, so the grinding guide roller spiral rib is suitable for grinding of precise tapered roller super-finishing guide rollers. Meanwhile, compared with the existing grinding method, the method and the grinding machine of the invention have the advantages of no additional requirement, no cost increase and efficiency improvement, thereby being suitable for grinding the common tapered roller superfinishing guide roller.

The method and the grinding machine of the invention are also suitable for grinding the guide wheel for centerless grinding of the tapered roller, because the guide wheel and the spiral working surface of the guide roller have similar structure and use characteristics.