阅读说明：本技术 一种基于3d打印的汽车用零件的制备方法 (3D printing-based preparation method of automobile parts ) 是由 于洪阳 滕腾 张薇 任书伯 于 2019-11-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于3D打印的汽车用零件的制备方法,其属于增材制造技术领域,包括：S1、建立汽车用零件的数字模型；S2、将数字模型转换为STL文件；S3、将STL文件导入3D打印系统中,并在3D打印系统内将数字模型进行分层设置；S4、在打印基板上涂覆胶粘层；S5、逐层打印汽车用零件,包括：S51、将打印主材料在试验箱中干燥24小时后,再放入干燥器中进行冷却；S52、对打印喷头进行预热,对打印室及打印基板进行升温；S53、按照步骤S3中的分层设置,将打印喷头与打印基板之间的距离调整为数字模型最下方层的层厚；S54、按照数字模型的分层设置,设计打印喷头的行走轨迹；S55、打印喷头按照行走轨迹逐层打印汽车用零件。本发明能够降低生产成本。(The invention discloses a 3D printing-based preparation method of an automobile part, which belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing and comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a digital model of the automobile part; s2, converting the digital model into an STL file; s3, importing the STL file into a 3D printing system, and carrying out layered setting on the digital model in the 3D printing system; s4, coating an adhesive layer on the printing substrate; s5, printing the parts for the automobile layer by layer, including: s51, drying the main printing material in a test box for 24 hours, and then putting the main printing material into a dryer for cooling; s52, preheating the printing nozzle, and heating the printing chamber and the printing substrate; s53, adjusting the distance between the printing spray head and the printing substrate to be the layer thickness of the lowest layer of the digital model according to the layered arrangement in the step S3; s54, designing a walking track of the printing nozzle according to the layered arrangement of the digital model; and S55, printing the automobile parts layer by the printing nozzle according to the traveling track. The invention can reduce the production cost.)

1. A preparation method of an automobile part based on 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, establishing a digital model of the automobile part;

s2, converting the digital model into an STL file which can be identified by a 3D printing system;

s3, importing the STL file into the 3D printing system, and carrying out layered arrangement on the digital model in the 3D printing system to enable the digital model to be of a multilayer structure;

s4, coating an adhesive layer on the printing substrate;

s5, printing the automobile parts layer by layer, and specifically comprises the following steps:

s51, drying the main printing material in a test box for 24 hours, and then putting the main printing material into a dryer for cooling;

s52, preheating the printing nozzle, and heating the printing chamber and the printing substrate;

s53, according to the layered arrangement in the step S3, the distance between the printing spray head and the printing substrate is adjusted to be the layer thickness of the lowest layer of the digital model;

s54, designing the walking track of the printing spray head according to the layered arrangement of the digital model;

and S55, printing the automobile parts layer by the printing nozzle according to the walking track.

2. The method for preparing the 3D printing-based automobile part according to claim 1, wherein the printing nozzle comprises a resin nozzle and a continuous fiber nozzle, and in the step S52, the resin nozzle is preheated to 265-275 ℃ and the continuous fiber nozzle is preheated to 235-255 ℃.

3. The method for preparing the automobile part based on 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein before the step S5, the type and the addition amount of the continuous fibers are set in the 3D printing system, and the continuous fibers are fed into the continuous fiber spray head during printing.

4. The method for preparing the automobile part based on 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein the printing main material is a modified nylon wire which is fed into the resin nozzle during printing.

5. The method for preparing the 3D printing-based automobile part according to claim 3, wherein the continuous fiber is a continuous carbon fiber, a continuous glass fiber or a continuous aramid fiber.

6. The method for preparing the 3D printing-based automobile part according to claim 3, wherein the continuous fiber is added in an amount of 0% -60%.

7. The method for preparing 3D printing-based parts for automobiles according to any of claims 1-6, wherein after the step S5, the following operations are further required:

and S6, removing, supporting, grinding and cleaning the printed automobile parts.

8. The method for preparing the automobile part based on 3D printing according to claim 7, wherein in the step S6, after the printing nozzle, the printing chamber and the printing substrate are naturally cooled, the automobile part is taken out from the printing chamber, and then is subjected to support removal, grinding and cleaning.

9. The method for preparing a 3D printing-based automotive part according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the temperature of the test chamber is 100-110 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of an automobile part based on 3D printing.

Background

The automobile brings convenience to human life and brings adverse effects to human life, such as noise pollution generated in the driving process.

In order to avoid inconvenience brought to human life by noise pollution, people pay more and more attention to noise reduction technology of automobiles. The silencer is one of important parts for actively reducing noise of the automobile, and directly influences the noise reduction capability of the automobile. Automotive mufflers typically include structurally supported upper and lower housings and a mandrel having an inner tubular structure, with the outer wall of the mandrel being designed as a perforated plate. The parts are mostly manufactured by adopting a plastic injection molding process, an upper shell, a lower shell and a mandrel are respectively subjected to injection molding, the mandrel is placed in the shells, and the upper shell and the lower shell are welded to manufacture the silencer.

The silencer is manufactured by adopting an injection molding process, a corresponding mold is specially designed for the silencer, the mold needs design and matching of structures such as a sliding block and a mold core, the processing period of the mold is long, the cost is high, and the mold is not suitable for small-batch and multi-variety customized production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a 3D printing-based preparation method of automobile parts, which can be used for quickly processing a silencer and is suitable for small-batch and multi-variety customized production.

As the conception, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of an automobile part based on 3D printing comprises the following steps:

s1, establishing a digital model of the automobile part;

s2, converting the digital model into an STL file which can be identified by a 3D printing system;

s3, importing the STL file into the 3D printing system, and carrying out layered arrangement on the digital model in the 3D printing system to enable the digital model to be of a multilayer structure;

s4, coating an adhesive layer on the printing substrate;

s5, printing the automobile parts layer by layer, and specifically comprises the following steps:

s51, drying the main printing material in a test box for 24 hours, and then putting the main printing material into a dryer for cooling;

s52, preheating the printing nozzle, and heating the printing chamber and the printing substrate;

s53, according to the layered arrangement in the step S3, the distance between the printing spray head and the printing substrate is adjusted to be the layer thickness of the lowest layer of the digital model;

s54, designing the walking track of the printing spray head according to the layered arrangement of the digital model;

and S55, printing the automobile parts layer by the printing nozzle according to the walking track.

Optionally, the printing nozzle includes a resin nozzle and a continuous fiber nozzle, and in step S52, the resin nozzle is preheated to 265 ℃ to 275 ℃ and the continuous fiber nozzle is preheated to 235 ℃ to 255 ℃.

Optionally, before the step S5, the type and the addition amount of the continuous fiber are set in the 3D printing system, and the continuous fiber is fed into the continuous fiber nozzle during printing.

Optionally, the printing main material is a modified nylon wire, and the modified nylon wire is sent into the resin spray head during printing.

Optionally, the kind of the continuous fiber is a continuous carbon fiber, a continuous glass fiber, or a continuous aramid fiber.

Optionally, the continuous fibers are added in an amount of 0% to 60%.

Optionally, after the step S5, the following operations need to be performed:

and S6, removing, supporting, grinding and cleaning the printed automobile parts.

Optionally, in the step S6, after the printing head, the printing chamber, and the printing substrate are naturally cooled, the automobile part is taken out from the printing chamber, and then the automobile part is subjected to support removal, grinding, and cleaning.

Optionally, the temperature of the test chamber is from 100 ℃ to 110 ℃.

According to the preparation method of the 3D printing-based automobile part, the traditional injection molding mode is replaced by the 3D printing mode, so that the automobile part can be rapidly manufactured, and the production cost is reduced; the gluing layer is coated on the printing substrate, the adhesion between the printing substrate and the lowest layer is good, the printing process can be guaranteed layer by layer, the printed part can be always stably adhered to the substrate, and the accuracy of the printed part is guaranteed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an automobile part based on 3D printing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

3D printing (3DP), one of the rapid prototyping technologies, is a technology that constructs an object by printing layer by layer using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file.

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an automobile part based on 3D printing, and in particular, the method is used for manufacturing an automobile muffler.

Specifically, the preparation method of the automobile part based on 3D printing comprises the following steps:

s1, establishing a digital model of the automobile part; optionally, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional digital model of the muffler is designed through three-dimensional design, or the muffler formed by scanning and injection molding by using a scanner is used to establish the three-dimensional digital model;

s2, converting the digital model into an STL file which can be identified by a 3D printing system;

s3, importing the STL file into a 3D printing system, and carrying out layered setting on the digital model in the 3D printing system to enable the digital model to be of a multilayer structure; specifically, in the present embodiment, the layer thickness of each layer is 50 μm to 200 μm; alternatively, the digital model may be a multilayer structure with equal layer thickness, and of course, the thickness of each layer section may also be set as required;

s4, coating an adhesive layer on the printing substrate; optionally, a glue stick is used for coating a layer on the substrate in a thin mode, so that the adhesion between the printed silencer and the printed substrate is improved, and the phenomenon that parts move in the 3D printing process due to small contact area of the parts with the substrate is avoided;

s5, printing the automobile parts layer by layer;

s6, removing, supporting, grinding and cleaning the printed automobile parts; specifically, in the step, after the printing nozzle, the printing chamber and the printing substrate are naturally cooled, the automobile parts are taken out from the printing chamber, then the automobile parts are removed, supported, polished and cleaned, and the printing nozzle, the printing chamber and the printing substrate are naturally cooled, so that the problems of layering, warping and other deformation caused by stress concentration inside the parts in the molding process can be reduced, and the product quality is improved; optionally, the printed automobile parts are polished with sandpaper, preferably, sandpaper of 200 meshes or more is used.

At the in-process that the successive layer was printed, when printing the lower floor, the aspect of the lower floor of printing is good with printing the base plate adhesion, and then can guarantee that the successive layer prints the in-process, and the part of printing can be stably adhered on the base plate all the time, guarantees to print the accurate nature of part.

Specifically, in this embodiment, step S5 includes the following steps:

s51, drying the main printing material in a test box for 24 hours, and then putting the main printing material into a dryer for cooling; specifically, the temperature of the test box is 100-110 ℃, and the printing main material is cooled to room temperature in a dryer; specifically, in the present embodiment, the room temperature is 16 ℃ to 26 ℃;

s52, preheating the printing nozzle, and heating the printing chamber and the printing substrate; during the specific operation, the temperature of the printing chamber and the printing substrate is raised to 35-45 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and the uniformity of the temperature raising process is ensured;

s53, adjusting the distance between the printing spray head and the printing substrate to be the layer thickness of the lowest layer of the digital model according to the layered arrangement in the step S3; in this embodiment, the lowermost layer is referred to as a first layer, and the interfaces of the respective layers from bottom to top are a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer … …

S54, designing a walking track of the printing nozzle according to the layered arrangement of the digital model; specifically, the walking trajectory in this embodiment includes: printing a moving track of the spray head along the vertical direction and a moving track of the spray head along the horizontal direction; the printing nozzle gradually increases the thickness of a layer interface along the vertical direction, and the printing nozzle completes the printing of the layer interface along the horizontal direction according to the moving track;

and S55, printing the automobile parts layer by the printing nozzle according to the traveling track.

In this embodiment, adopt the dual spray 3D printer, print the shower nozzle and include resin shower nozzle and continuous fibers shower nozzle, the resin shower nozzle is the rotatory wire feed structure of screw rod, and the continuous fibers shower nozzle is extrusion formula wire feed structure, preheats the resin shower nozzle to 265 ℃ -275 ℃, preheats the continuous fibers shower nozzle to 235 ℃ -255 ℃. Optionally, in this embodiment, the printing main material is a modified nylon wire, and the modified nylon wire is sent into the resin nozzle during printing; optionally, the diameter of the modified nylon wire is 1.7-1.8mm, the modified nylon wire is modified by chopped carbon fibers, and the content of the chopped carbon fibers is 0-20%. The continuous fiber nozzle is used for adding continuous fibers to a part of the layer interface, before the step S5, the type and the adding amount of the continuous fibers are set in the 3D printing system, the continuous fibers are sent into the continuous fiber nozzle during printing, and specifically, in the step S3, the type and the adding amount of the continuous fibers are set in the 3D printing system; optionally, the kind of the continuous fiber is continuous carbon fiber, continuous glass fiber or continuous aramid fiber, and the addition amount of the continuous fiber is 0-60%.

Specifically, in step S55, the control system adjusts the resin print head with a diameter of 0.4mm to the same distance from the substrate according to the layer thickness set in step S3, the modified nylon wire with a diameter of 1.7mm to 1.8mm is fed into the preheated resin print head at a constant speed through the gear wire feeding mechanism, the print head of the 3D printing system advances according to the track set by the layered cross section to print the first layer of the silencer component, and then the second layer and the third layer … … are printed respectively according to the layered path set by the system until the printing of the silencer component is completed; in the printing process, continuous fibers with the diameter of 0.4mm are fed into a preheated continuous fiber spray head at a constant speed through a gear wire feeding mechanism, the continuous fiber spray head advances according to a set track at a local layered section according to the set addition of the continuous fibers, and the continuous fiber spray head and a resin spray head work alternately until 3D printing of a silencer part entity is completed.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.