阅读说明：本技术 一种海水液态肥 (Seawater liquid fertilizer ) 是由 郑炎 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种海水液态肥,其通过用复合微生物菌剂处理海水制备而成,该复合微生物菌剂通过用于激活微生物生长的发酵剂与农作物秸秆粉发酵制备而成,该发酵剂按其与该农作物秸秆粉的总重量计包含以下组分：环丙氨嗪0.02-0.03％、硫酸铜0.2-0.4％、硫酸锌0.6-0.8％、硫酸亚铁0.3-0.6％、氯化钴0.6-0.7％、食用盐0.1-0.2％、小苏打0.3-0.4％、葡萄糖粉0.5-1.5％。本发明的海水液态肥盐度大为减少,钠、钾、钙、镁、锶、氮、磷、硅等元素含量均衡,适合作为农作物种植肥料,并且可以作为灌溉用水,施肥与灌溉一举两得。本发明为农作物种植业提供了一种矿物营养全面、成本低廉的新型液态肥,也为海水综合利用开辟了一条新的路径。(The invention provides a seawater liquid fertilizer which is prepared by treating seawater with a compound microbial agent, wherein the compound microbial agent is prepared by fermenting a leavening agent for activating the growth of microorganisms and crop straw powder, and the leavening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight of the total weight of the leavening agent and the crop straw powder: 0.02-0.03% of cyromazine, 0.2-0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.6-0.8% of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.6% of ferrous sulfate, 0.6-0.7% of cobalt chloride, 0.1-0.2% of edible salt, 0.3-0.4% of baking soda and 0.5-1.5% of glucose powder. The seawater liquid fertilizer has greatly reduced salinity, and balanced contents of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and other elements, is suitable for being used as a crop planting fertilizer, can be used as irrigation water, and has two purposes of fertilization and irrigation. The invention provides a novel liquid fertilizer with comprehensive mineral nutrition and low cost for crop planting industry, and opens up a new path for comprehensive utilization of seawater.)

1. The seawater liquid fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by treating seawater with a compound microbial agent, wherein the compound microbial agent is prepared by fermenting a leavening agent for activating the growth of microorganisms and crop straw powder, and the leavening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight of the total weight of the leavening agent and the crop straw powder: 0.02-0.03% of cyromazine, 0.2-0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.6-0.8% of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.6% of ferrous sulfate, 0.6-0.7% of cobalt chloride, 0.1-0.2% of edible salt, 0.3-0.4% of baking soda and 0.5-1.5% of glucose powder.

2. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of treating seawater with the compound microbial inoculum is to add 50-100g of the compound microbial inoculum into each ton of seawater, stir the mixture evenly, enable the compound microbial inoculum to act on the seawater for 1-6 hours, and then filter the seawater.

3. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the filtration is performed by gauze filtration and then microfiltration membrane filtration.

4. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an added nitrogen fertilizer and/or potassium fertilizer and/or phosphate fertilizer.

5. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the leavening agent is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:

(1) carrying out heat treatment dehydration on cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride respectively;

(2) mixing the heat-treated and dehydrated cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride with salt, glucose powder and sodium bicarbonate according to weight percentage and grinding;

(3) and drying the obtained mixture under the conditions of constant temperature, oxygen isolation and light shielding to obtain the leavening agent.

6. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step (1), cyromazine is dehydrated by heat treatment at 140-150 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, copper sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at 85-95 ℃ for 75-85 minutes, zinc sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at 95-100 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, ferrous sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at 100-120 ℃ for 60-70 minutes, and cobalt chloride is dehydrated by heat treatment at 135-145 ℃ for 140-150 minutes.

7. The seawater liquid fertilizer of claim 5 wherein in step (2), the grinding is to 300 mesh.

8. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the drying is carried out at 55-65 ℃ for 30-35 hours.

9. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fermentation preparation of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing the leavening agent and the crop straw powder, wherein the weight ratio of the leavening agent to the crop straw powder is (2-0.1) to (98-99.9);

(2) dissolving the leavening agent in a proper amount of seawater to form leavening agent aqueous solution, simultaneously adding 1-2 times of seawater by weight of the crop straw powder, then adding the leavening agent aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture;

(3) and placing the mixture in a constant-temperature constant-humidity indoor fermentation chamber, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 10-30 days at the temperature of 35-37 ℃ and the humidity of 70-90% in a dark place to obtain the compound microbial agent.

10. The seawater liquid fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crop straw powder is one or a combination of straw powder, sweet potato straw powder, peanut straw powder, corn straw powder or sugarcane straw slag powder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a seawater liquid fertilizer for crop planting.

Background

China is a big crop planting country, and the production and consumption of planting fertilizers are very large. As is well known in the agricultural planting field, 10 elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur and the like in planting fertilizers are called macronutrient elements and secondary nutrient elements, and boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the like are called micronutrient elements. The remaining elements, with the exception of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, may be supplied by air, are primarily provided through the soil. The crops with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements need more crops, but the content of the crops in the soil is less, and the crops need to be supplemented by fertilizers. In addition, micronutrients are also essential for crop growth.

At present, solid fertilizers are mainly used as planting fertilizers, and liquid fertilizers have the advantages of easiness in production, fertilization, absorption by crops and the like, so that the demand is increasing day by day. However, most of the current liquid fertilizers are prepared by taking solid fertilizers as raw materials and adding water to dissolve and stir uniformly, have the defects of overlarge acidity, deficiency of trace minerals and the like, and limit the application of the liquid fertilizers.

Seawater is a very complex multi-component aqueous solution. Seawater contains abundant mineral elements, mainly sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium and other mineral elements, and also contains nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and other elements. In addition, seawater also contains organic substances such as amino acids, humus, chlorophyll, and the like. Therefore, the seawater is a potential liquid fertilizer source, is rich in source and even inexhaustible, and has wide prospect in producing the liquid fertilizer by using the seawater. However, seawater is high in salinity, typically 35% o, 90% of which is sodium chloride, and is not suitable for irrigating land crops. Therefore, seawater needs to be treated to become liquid fertilizer.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to treat natural seawater to produce a seawater liquid fertilizer for crop planting.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a seawater liquid fertilizer is prepared by treating seawater with a compound microbial agent, wherein the compound microbial agent is prepared by fermenting a leavening agent for activating the growth of microorganisms and crop straw powder, and the leavening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight of the total weight of the leavening agent and the crop straw powder: 0.02-0.03% of cyromazine, 0.2-0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.6-0.8% of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.6% of ferrous sulfate, 0.6-0.7% of cobalt chloride, 0.1-0.2% of edible salt, 0.3-0.4% of baking soda and 0.5-1.5% of glucose powder.

Further, the method for treating the seawater by using the compound microbial inoculum comprises the steps of adding 50-100g of the compound microbial inoculum into each ton of the seawater, uniformly stirring, enabling the compound microbial inoculum to act on the seawater for 1-6 hours, and then filtering the seawater.

Further, the seawater filtration is performed by filtering with gauze and then with a microfiltration membrane.

Further, the seawater liquid fertilizer also comprises an added nitrogen fertilizer and/or a potassium fertilizer and/or a phosphate fertilizer.

Further, the leavening agent is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out heat treatment dehydration on cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride respectively;

(2) mixing the heat-treated and dehydrated cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride with salt, glucose powder and sodium bicarbonate according to weight percentage and grinding;

(3) drying the obtained mixture under the conditions of constant temperature, oxygen isolation and light protection to obtain the leaven.

Further, in the step (1) of the preparation method of the leavening agent, the cyromazine is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, the copper sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for 75-85 minutes, the zinc sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, the ferrous sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 60-70 minutes, and the cobalt chloride is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 135-145 ℃ for 150 minutes.

Further, in the step (2) of the preparation method of the leavening agent, the grinding is to 300 mesh.

Further, in the step (3) of the preparation method of the leaven, the drying is performed at 55 to 65 ℃ for 30 to 35 hours.

Further, the fermentation preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing the leavening agent and the crop straw powder, wherein the weight ratio of the leavening agent to the crop straw powder is (2-0.1) to (98-99.9);

(2) dissolving the leaven in proper amount of seawater to form leaven aqueous solution, simultaneously adding 1-2 times of seawater by weight of the crop straw powder, then adding the leaven aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture;

(3) placing the mixture in a constant temperature and humidity indoor fermentation chamber, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 10-30 days at the temperature of 35-37 ℃ and the humidity of 70-90% in a dark place to obtain the compound microbial agent.

Further, the crop straw powder is one of straw powder, sweet potato straw powder, peanut straw powder, corn straw powder or sugarcane stalk slag powder or a combination of the straw powder, the sweet potato straw powder and the sugarcane stalk slag powder.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by fermenting crop straws by using a leavening agent specially prepared and prepared by the inventor, contains abundant probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria, has extremely high differentiation speed, can weaken the internal binding force between sodium ions and chloride ions of seawater sodium chloride when acting on seawater, forms flocculent colloidal substances to precipitate, can greatly reduce the salinity of the seawater, and basically does not influence elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and the like with relatively low content in the seawater. Therefore, the seawater liquid fertilizer has greatly reduced salinity, and balanced contents of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and other elements, and is suitable for being used as a crop planting fertilizer. In addition, most of the seawater liquid fertilizer is desalted water through desalination, and can be used as irrigation water, and the two purposes of fertilization and irrigation are achieved.

The invention provides a novel liquid fertilizer with comprehensive mineral nutrition and low cost for crop planting industry, and opens up a new path for comprehensive utilization of seawater.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The invention provides a seawater liquid fertilizer for crop planting, which is prepared by treating seawater with a compound microbial agent. The key point of the invention is that the seawater is treated by adopting the compound microbial agent, and the compound microbial agent is prepared by fermenting the leavening agent for activating the growth of microorganisms and the crop straw powder. The leavening agent comprises the following components by weight of the total weight of the leavening agent and the crop straw powder: 0.02-0.03% of cyromazine, 0.2-0.4% of copper sulfate, 0.6-0.8% of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.6% of ferrous sulfate, 0.6-0.7% of cobalt chloride, 0.1-0.2% of edible salt, 0.3-0.4% of baking soda and 0.5-1.5% of glucose powder.

The term "crop straw" as used herein has the meaning commonly understood in the agricultural arts and is intended to encompass a wide range of crop straws, such as rice, corn, sorghum, barley, wheat, millet, peanut, sweet potato, sugarcane, soybean, alfalfa and the like, as well as the straws of non-conventional crops such as reed, thatch and the like. The crop stalks are not particularly limited, but crop stalks with high sugar content and easy availability, such as straw stalks, sweet potato stalks, peanut stalks, corn stalks, sorghum stalks and the like, are generally preferred. The crop straws are produced in huge quantities in most rural areas in China every year, are easy to obtain, belong to raw materials with low value, and have low cost. The crop straw contains rich sugar and naturally contains beneficial flora such as lactobacillus.

The important innovation of the invention is the use of a special starter for activating the growth of microorganisms. The leavening agent is obtained by long-term and deep research and optimization of the inventor, the components of the leavening agent are mainly composed of some conventional chemical agents, the dosage is small, the leavening agent can rapidly activate a large amount of beneficial floras such as original lactic acid bacteria and the like in crop straws, no additional beneficial bacteria are required to be added, and the cost is low.

In order to improve the effect of the starter on activating the growth of microorganisms, the starter is prepared by a special preparation method. Specifically, the leavening agent is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out heat treatment dehydration on cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride respectively;

(2) mixing the heat-treated and dehydrated cyromazine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and cobalt chloride with salt, glucose powder and sodium bicarbonate according to weight percentage and grinding;

(3) drying the obtained mixture under the conditions of constant temperature, oxygen isolation and light protection to obtain the leaven.

Further, in the step (1), cyromazine is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, copper sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for 75-85 minutes, zinc sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 100-120 minutes, ferrous sulfate is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 60-70 minutes, and cobalt chloride is dehydrated by heat treatment at the temperature of 135-145 ℃ for 140-150 minutes.

Further, in the step (2), the grinding is carried out to 300 mesh.

Further, in the step (3), the drying is performed at 55 to 65 ℃ for 30 to 35 hours.

The pH value of the leaven prepared after the treatment is 6.5-8.5.

The cyromazine is a disinfectant and harmless to people, and the cyromazine keeps a weak disinfection function after being treated by the preparation method and can inhibit aspergillus flavus and other harmful bacteria in crop straws. Because the number of beneficial flora such as lactobacillus contained in the crop straws is dominant, the cyromazine does not influence the growth of the beneficial flora such as lactobacillus, but rapidly grows under the activation of the leavening agent.

The special leavening agent developed by the inventor can ferment crop straws to prepare the compound microbial agent. Specifically, the fermentation preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing the leavening agent and the crop straw powder, wherein the weight ratio of the leavening agent to the crop straw powder is (2-0.1) to (98-99.9);

(2) dissolving the leaven in proper amount of seawater to form leaven aqueous solution, simultaneously adding 1-2 times of seawater by weight of the crop straw powder, then adding the leaven aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture;

(3) placing the mixture in a constant temperature and humidity indoor fermentation chamber, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 10-30 days at the temperature of 35-37 ℃ and the humidity of 70-90% in a dark place to obtain the compound microbial agent.

The starter has strong microorganism growth activation capability, so the activation effect can be achieved with a small dosage. Therefore, in the step (1), the minimum dosage of 0.1 weight percent and the maximum dosage of 2 weight percent of the mixture of the leavening agent and the crop straw powder can achieve the activation effect.

In order to increase the fermentation reaction area and increase the reaction speed, the crop straw is provided in the form of straw powder. Typically, crop straw is ground to a fine powder, for example a fine powder having a particle size of 1mm or less. For grinding, the water content of the crop straw is preferably below 10%. If the moisture content is too high, it may be dried before grinding.

In the step (2), seawater is used for preparing a starter aqueous solution, and the seawater is added into the crop straw powder to prepare a mixture, so that the adaptation of floras in the crop straw powder to the salinity of the seawater is facilitated, and the preparation of the seawater liquid fertilizer by treating the seawater with the prepared composite microbial inoculum is facilitated.

In step (3), the complex microbial agent can be prepared by fermentation for 10-15 days, and in order to increase the fermentation degree, the fermentation time can be prolonged to 15-20 days, and more preferably 20-30 days.

The prepared compound microbial agent is used for treating seawater and can be used for preparing the seawater liquid fertilizer. Usually, 50-100g of the compound microbial agent is added into each ton of seawater, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the compound microbial agent acts on the seawater for 1-6 hours, and then the treated seawater is filtered by a gauze and a microfiltration membrane, so that the seawater liquid fertilizer can be prepared.

The composite microbial agent is prepared by fermenting crop straw powder with a leavening agent which is obtained by optimizing the inventor and prepared by a special preparation method, contains abundant probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria and the like, has extremely high differentiation speed, can weaken the internal binding force between sodium ions and chloride ions of seawater sodium chloride when acting on seawater, forms flocculent colloidal substances to precipitate, can greatly reduce the salinity of the seawater, and basically does not influence elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and the like with relatively low content in the seawater. Therefore, the salinity of the treated seawater is greatly reduced, and the contents of elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon and the like are balanced. Then, the seawater is filtered to remove flocculent precipitate, residual compound microbial agent and other impurities in the seawater. The filtration can be carried out by two times, the first filtration by gauze can reduce the filtration pressure when the second filtration by a micro-filtration membrane is carried out, the second filtration by the micro-filtration membrane is mainly used for filtering flocculent precipitates and removing the salt content of sodium chloride, and finally the seawater liquid fertilizer is prepared.

The liquid fertilizer for seawater is mostly desalted water through desalination, can be used as irrigation water, and achieves two purposes of fertilization and irrigation. If the concentrated seawater liquid fertilizer with higher mineral elements is needed, the prepared seawater liquid fertilizer can be concentrated by means of evaporation and the like to improve the concentration of the mineral elements.

According to different crop nutrition requirements, other crop nutrients can be added into the seawater liquid fertilizer according to needs, and preferably a nitrogen fertilizer and/or a potassium fertilizer and/or a phosphate fertilizer is added.

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and application examples. These examples and application examples are illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.