Method for improving RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency for low-carbon aluminum killed steel
阅读说明：本技术 一种用于低碳铝镇静钢提高rh真空槽化冷钢效率的方法 (Method for improving RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency for low-carbon aluminum killed steel ) 是由 李应江 李宝庆 邓勇 胡晓光 单永刚 孔磊 张虎 于 2019-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于低碳铝镇静钢提高RH真空槽化冷钢效率的方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一、低碳铝镇静钢经RH精炼,RH破空后,将钢包下降至钢包顶渣液面距RH浸渍管下口端部400～600mm；步骤二、下降RH顶枪,控制吹氧使熔化后的废钢液通过浸渍管排至钢包顶渣面；步骤三、吹氧结束后,将钢包下降至地面。本方法具有操作简便、效率高等优点,适合在国内同类钢厂推广应用,具有显著的经济效益。(The invention discloses a method for improving RH vacuum channel cold steel efficiency of low-carbon aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is subjected to RH refining, and after RH hollowing, a ladle is lowered to a position where the liquid level of slag on the top of the ladle is 400-600 mm away from the end part of a lower opening of an RH dip pipe; step two, descending an RH top lance, and controlling oxygen blowing to discharge the molten scrap steel to the slag surface on the top of the ladle through a dip pipe; and step three, after the oxygen blowing is finished, the ladle is descended to the ground. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high efficiency and the like, is suitable for popularization and application in domestic similar steel mills, and has remarkable economic benefit.)
1. The method for improving the RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency of the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is subjected to RH refining, and after RH hollowing, a ladle is lowered to a position where the liquid level of slag on the top of the ladle is 400-600 mm away from the end part of a lower opening of an RH dip pipe;
step two, descending an RH top lance, and controlling oxygen blowing to discharge the molten scrap steel to the slag surface on the top of the ladle through a dip pipe;
and step three, after the oxygen blowing is finished, the ladle is descended to the ground.
2. The method for improving the RH vacuum bath cold steel efficiency for the low carbon aluminum killed steel as recited in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the gun position of the RH top gun is lowered to 600-800 mm from the bottom of the RH vacuum bath.
3. The method of claim 2 for improving the efficiency of RH vacuum channel quenched steel for low carbon aluminum killed steel, wherein the oxygen flow of the oxygen blastIs controlled to be 2500-3500 Nm3The time is 3-5 min.
4. The method for improving the RH vacuum bath cold steel efficiency of low carbon aluminum killed steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the oxygen blowing period, nitrogen is used as the lifting gas of the ascending tube of the dip tube, the pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0 MPa, and the flow rate is controlled to be 160-180 Nm3/h。
5. The method for improving the RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency for the low carbon aluminum killed steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ladle is hoisted to the pouring position of the continuous casting process for casting after the ladle is lowered to the ground.
6. The method for improving the efficiency of the RH vacuum slotted cold steel for a low carbon aluminum killed steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low carbon aluminum killed steel comprises the following chemical compositions by mass percent: 0.015-0.025 percent of C, 0.020-0.070 percent of Als, 0.05-0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P and less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refining, and particularly relates to a method for improving RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency of low-carbon aluminum killed steel.
Background
The RH vacuum degassing refining method is developed by luer company (Ruhrstahl) belonging to the Texaco corporation (Tyssen) and Helas corporation (Heraeus) together, and the vacuum molten steel circulation degassing method is successfully realized. In recent years, RH refining facilities have been used in large scale domestically. The main structure of the RH refining equipment is a vacuum tank, and two immersion pipes communicated with the vacuum tank, wherein one immersion pipe is an ascending pipe, and the other immersion pipe is a descending pipe. When the molten steel is refined, the steel ladle is lifted to the position that the dip pipe is inserted 400-600 mm below the liquid level of the molten steel, so that the molten steel and the vacuum tank form a closed system, the vacuum is pumped through an air exhaust channel arranged in a tank at the upper part of the vacuum tank, the molten steel in the steel ladle is lifted to the vacuum tank under the pushing of the pressure difference between the vacuum tank and the atmosphere, argon is blown into an ascending pipe, the density of the molten steel-argon mixture in the ascending pipe is reduced, the molten steel is enabled to continuously circulate in the steel ladle-ascending pipe-vacuum tank-descending pipe-steel ladle, and chemical reaction is generated in the vacuum tank under the extremely low pressure, so that the expected metallurgical function is obtained.
The low-carbon aluminum killed steel comprises 0.015-0.025% of carbon content C, and Als content: 0.020-0.070%, in the smelting process of RH refining, firstly, the molten steel which is primarily refined by a converter and has the carbon content of 0.020-0.045% and the oxygen content of 0.030-0.060% is decarbonized to 0.0060%, then aluminum particles are utilized for final deoxidation and alloying, after alloying, circulation is carried out for a certain time, and then the air is broken, so that the refining treatment is completed. During RH decarburization, carbon and oxygen produce violent chemical reaction, which causes the molten steel to splash greatly, thereby causing cold steel to adhere to the wall of the tank greatly. The vacuum tank with the cold steel is not greatly influenced on the quality if middle and low grade steel grades are continuously produced subsequently, and the product quality, process components and temperature control accuracy are seriously influenced if high-quality steel grades such as pipeline steel, silicon steel, automobile outer plates and the like are produced. Therefore, under the conditions that the low-carbon aluminum killed steel yield task is large and the RH vacuum groove production variety is complex, the method for removing the cold steel adhered to the inner wall of the vacuum groove in the production process of the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is the key for directly producing high-quality steel in the follow-up RH vacuum groove.
The traditional method for removing cold steel in a vacuum tank in a steel mill is to wash the vacuum tank by using deoxidized molten steel, namely: a furnace of deoxidized high-temperature molten steel is specially arranged to be treated in an RH process, and cold steel in a vacuum tank is melted by utilizing the high temperature of the deoxidized high-temperature molten steel, so that the aim of removing the cold steel is fulfilled, and the deoxidizer has the defects of high production organization difficulty, low efficiency and the like.
Chinese patent (application publication No. CN 106011386A) discloses a control method of RH top lance cold melting steel, which has the core idea that the aim of cold melting steel is achieved by controlling the lance position of the top lance, the flow rate of the top lance and the duration time according to the continuous smelting heat of a vacuum tank, the tank washing requirement of the vacuum tank, the idle time of the vacuum tank, the temperature of the vacuum tank and the adhesion degree of the cold steel of the vacuum tank.
Chinese patent (application publication No. CN 105861785A) discloses a method for removing cold steel in a middle groove and a bottom groove of an RH vacuum chamber, which mainly comprises the following three operation steps: 1) before molten steel is treated on line in the RH vacuum chamber, the lower part of the vacuum chamber is baked by using an oxygen lance and high-flow coal gas at a low lance position; 2) in the later stage of the online process of the RH vacuum chamber, when the service life of the insert tube is 95-100 times, the vacuum chamber is flushed by boiling molten steel entering the station, and after flushing is finished, a slag scraping device is started to scrape slag, and residues on the outer wall of the insert tube are cleaned; 3) when the RH vacuum chamber is off-line, an oxygen lance is used for baking, residual steel slag in the vacuum chamber is intensively melted, and the steel slag is collected in a slag box. The method only aims at carrying out the steel melting and cooling operation before the vacuum chamber is on line, the service life of the insertion tube is 95-100 times and before the vacuum chamber is off line, has no universal adaptability, and brings inconvenience to production organization by using boiling steel molten steel to enter a station to wash the vacuum chamber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a method for improving the RH vacuum tank cold steel efficiency by using low-carbon aluminum killed steel, aiming at improving the cold steel efficiency without lifting a slag receiving basin and overcoming the defects of high production organization difficulty, low efficiency and the like of cold steel removal by using the traditional tank washing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for improving RH vacuum channel cold steel efficiency of low-carbon aluminum killed steel comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is subjected to RH refining, and after RH hollowing, a ladle is lowered to a position where the liquid level of slag on the top of the ladle is 400-600 mm away from the end part of a lower opening of an RH dip pipe;
step two, descending an RH top lance, and controlling oxygen blowing to discharge the molten scrap steel to the slag surface on the top of the ladle through a dip pipe;
and step three, after the oxygen blowing is finished, the ladle is descended to the ground.
And in the second step, the gun position of the RH top gun is lowered to 600-800 mm away from the bottom of the RH vacuum groove.
The oxygen flow of the oxygen blowing is controlled to be 2500-3500 Nm3The time is 3-5 min.
During oxygen blowing, nitrogen is adopted as the lifting gas of the ascending pipe in the dip pipe, the pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0 Mpa, and the flow is controlled to be 160-180 Nm3H is used as the reference value. The purpose is to prevent the lift gas tubules from clogging.
And lifting the steel ladle to a pouring position of a continuous casting process for pouring after the steel ladle descends to the ground.
The low-carbon aluminum killed steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.015-0.025 percent of C, 0.020-0.070 percent of Als, 0.05-0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P and less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S.
After the RH is broken, the ladle is lowered to the position, 400-600 mm away from the end part of the lower opening of the RH dip pipe, of the liquid level of the slag on the top of the ladle through the ladle jacking device. The RH top lance is positioned above the vacuum chamber, and the distance from the RH top lance to the bottom of the RH vacuum chamber is adjusted by lifting the top lance. An ascending pipe and a descending pipe are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the RH vacuum tank, and the ladle is lifted to the lower part of the ascending pipe and the descending pipe, so that molten steel flowing out of the ascending pipe and the descending pipe flows into the top slag surface of the ladle, and lifting gas is introduced into the ascending pipe to play a role in preventing blockage.
The method of the invention supplies oxygen through the RH top lance, oxygen and Fe in the residual steel in the vacuum chamber generate [ O ] + [ Fe ] (FeO) exothermic chemical reaction, the discharged heat melts the residual steel, and the residual steel flows into the surface of ladle slag through the dip pipe, thereby achieving the purpose of clearing cold steel in the vacuum tank; after the scrap steel in the vacuum tank is melted, the scrap steel is directly discharged to the slag surface of the ladle through the ascending pipe and the descending pipe, and the molten cold steel is not required to be hoisted and connected to the slag receiving basin, so that the steel melting and cooling efficiency is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method does not need to hoist the slag receiving basin to be placed at the lower part of the dip pipe, after RH smelting low-carbon aluminum killed steel is broken, the RH top lance is used for blowing oxygen to melt cold steel remained in the RH vacuum tank and then the cold steel is discharged to the surface of the slag of the steel ladle through the dip pipe, and the implementation effect is represented as follows: 1) the slag receiving basin does not need to be lifted, the cold steel is directly discharged onto the slag surface of the steel ladle after being melted, the whole cold steel melting process only needs 3-5 min, which is far lower than that of the traditional method (20-25 min), and the production efficiency is improved; 2) the amount of cold steel in the vacuum tank is reduced, and the loss of the molten steel is reduced; 3) the quality indexes of the molten steel are as follows: RH end point total oxygen, tundish total oxygen, RH end point [ Als ], tundish [ Als ] and RH → tundish [ Als ] losses are basically equivalent to the existing cold steel process; 4) after the RH vacuum tank smelts the low-carbon aluminum killed steel, the vacuum tank can directly arrange the production of high-quality steel grade subsequently, and the production assembly has great flexibility.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, high efficiency and the like, is suitable for popularization and application in domestic similar steel mills, and has remarkable economic benefits.
Drawings
The description includes the following figures, the contents shown are respectively:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of RH post-space-breaking quenched RH low-carbon aluminum-killed steel of the present invention.
Labeled as:
1. the method comprises the following steps of steel ladle, 2, molten steel, 3, steel ladle top slag, 4, liquid residue liquid, 5, an ascending pipe, 6, a descending pipe, 7, lifting gas, 8, vacuum groove inner wall residue, 9, a vacuum groove, 10, oxygen, 11 and a top lance.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a method for improving RH vacuum tank cold steel efficiency for low-carbon aluminum killed steel, which reduces the influence of vacuum tank cold steel on the quality of high-quality steel such as pipeline steel, automobile panels and the like which is directly smelted in the RH vacuum tank subsequently when the low-carbon aluminum killed steel is produced by RH, and overcomes the defects of high production organization difficulty, low efficiency and the like of cold steel removal by the traditional tank washing method.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out RH refining on low-carbon aluminum killed steel, and operating a ladle car jacking device after RH breaking, so that a ladle is lowered to a position 400-600 mm away from the end part of a lower opening of an RH dip pipe from the liquid level of ladle top slag.
And step two, descending the RH top lance, controlling oxygen blowing to discharge the molten scrap steel to the slag surface on the top of the ladle through the dip pipe, and controlling to stop oxygen blowing when no liquid slag flows out of the RH dip pipe. During the specific operation, preferably, when the gun position is lowered to 600-800 mm from the bottom of the RH vacuum tank, oxygen blowing is controlled, and the oxygen flow is controlled to be 2500-3500 Nm3And h, the oxygen blowing time is 3-5 min. During oxygen blowing, nitrogen is adopted as lifting gas of the ascending pipe of the dip pipe, the pressure is controlled to be 0.9-1.0 Mpa, and the flow is controlled to be 160-180 Nm3And h, preventing the lifting gas small tube from being blocked.
And step three, operating the jacking device of the ladle car after oxygen blowing is finished, descending the ladle to the ground, and then hoisting the ladle to the pouring position of the continuous casting process for pouring.
In the method, the structural schematic diagram of the RH post-vacuum melting cold steel of the RH low-carbon aluminum killed steel is shown in figure 1, molten steel 2 is contained in a steel ladle 1, steel ladle
The following is illustrated by specific preferred examples:
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