System for state monitoring and/or pipeline monitoring in an energy guiding chain
阅读说明：本技术 用于能量引导链中的位态监控和/或管线监控的系统 (System for state monitoring and/or pipeline monitoring in an energy guiding chain ) 是由 R·哈贝林 D·巴腾 K·施默 于 2018-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：提出了一种监控系统，用于能量引导链(1)和/或在其中引导的电缆(7)的状态监控。能量引导链引导电缆、软管或类似物，其可以在基座(2)和可与基座相对运动的携动件(4)之间沿移动路径移动。在此，能量引导链形成在携动件(4)上的可运动的回行段(1B)，在基座(2)上的静止回行段(1A)并且在两个回行段之间形成转向弧(1C)。本发明使用具有至少一个在能量引导链上布置的发送器的监控系统(14；24；44；54；64)。该发送器分析处理信号，以便监控在能量引导链的运行中是否出现错误状态。根据本发明，发送器包括至少一个由能量引导链引导的电指示器导线(12；22；42；52；62)，该指示器导线至少沿可运动的回行段(1B)的主要长度延伸。借助指示器导线，监控设备(14；24；44；54；64)感测电参量、尤其关于能量引导链的几何形状敏感量。(A monitoring system is proposed for monitoring the condition of an energy guiding chain (1) and/or a cable (7) guided therein. The energy-guiding chain guides a cable, hose or the like, which can be moved along a movement path between a base (2) and a driver (4) that can be moved relative to the base. The energy-guiding chain forms a movable return section (1B) on the driver (4), a stationary return section (1A) on the base (2) and a steering arc (1C) between the two return sections. The invention uses a monitoring system (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) having at least one transmitter arranged on the energy guidance chain. The transmitter evaluates the signals in order to monitor whether an error state occurs during operation of the energy supply chain. According to the invention, the transmitter comprises at least one electrical indicator wire (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) guided by the energy guiding chain, which indicator wire extends at least along the main length of the movable return section (1B). By means of the indicator line, the monitoring device (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) senses an electrical quantity, in particular a geometric-shape-sensitive quantity with respect to the energy guiding chain.)
1. Monitoring system for an energy guiding chain for guiding at least one line, such as a cable, a hose or the like, between a base and a driver (4) relatively movable with respect to the base, the monitoring system comprising:
-an energy-guiding chain (1) which is movable along a movement path and forms here a return section (1B) which has a connection end for the driver (4) and which is movable and a return section (1A) which has a connection end for the base and which is stationary and forms a turning arc (1C) between the two return sections (1A; 1B); and
-a monitoring device (10; 20; 40; 50; 60) having at least one transmitter arranged on the energy guiding chain (1), which device evaluates signals (11; 51; 61) generated by means of the transmitter in order to monitor whether an error state occurs during operation of the energy guiding chain (1), characterized in that,
-the transmitter has an electrical indicator wire (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) guided by the energy guiding chain (1), which indicator wire runs at least along the main length of the movable return section (1B); and is
-the monitoring device (10; 20; 40; 50; 60) comprises a circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) connected to the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) and an evaluation unit (6) connected to the circuit, wherein the circuit senses an electrical quantity by means of the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) and provides a signal (11; 51; 61) related to the quantity, and the evaluation unit (6) uses the signal (11; 51; 61) for comparison with at least one pre-stored reference value.
2. Monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaluation unit (6) comprises an integrated logic circuit with a reference value memory for the evaluation and/or in that the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54) comprises a measuring device which is connected to the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) on the input side and which senses an electrical variable, in particular an electrical parameter of the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62), by means of a quantitative measurement and which provides the evaluation unit (6) with a signal (11; 51; 61) relating to the measurement on the output side.
3. A monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the indicator wire (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) extends at least over a major length section of the energy guiding chain (1), in particular over the entire length section that is movable in operation, and is guided in the energy guiding chain (1) alone or as part of a cable.
4. Monitoring system for the state of position monitoring of an energy guiding chain (1) for guiding at least one pipeline between a base and a driver (4) relatively movable with respect to the base, the monitoring system comprising:
-an energy-guiding chain (1) which is movable along a movement path and forms here a return section (1B) which has a connection end for the driver (4) and which is movable and a return section (1A) which has a connection end for the base and which is stationary and forms a turning arc (1C) between the two return sections (1A; 1B); and
-a monitoring device having at least one transmitter arranged on the energy guiding chain (1), which device evaluates signals (11; 51) generated by means of the transmitter in order to monitor whether an error state occurs during operation of the energy guiding chain (1), characterized in that,
-the transmitter has an electrical indicator wire (12; 22; 42; 52) guided by the energy guiding chain (1), which indicator wire extends at least along a major length of the movable return section (1B); and is
The monitoring device (10; 20; 40; 50; 60) comprises a circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) which is connected to the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62), wherein the circuit senses an electrical variable by means of the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) and has a generator (48; 55) which generates a temporally variable excitation signal, in particular an alternating current signal or a pulse signal, and the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54) senses, as a variable, an electrical variable which is geometrically sensitive with respect to the spatial position of the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52) on the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52).
5. A monitoring system according to claim 4, characterised in that the indicator wire forms a receiver coil (42A, 42B) which is preferably movable with the movable return section (1B), and that the circuit (44) operates according to the metal detector principle.
6. A monitoring system according to claim 5, characterised in that an additional transmitter coil is guided in the energy guidance chain (1), into which transmitter coil the generator supplies the excitation signal.
7. A monitoring system according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, characterised in that the indicator wire (22; 42; 52) forms a coil and the circuit senses the sensed parameter; wherein
At least one coil, in particular the receiver coil and/or the transmitter coil, extends over a length section of the movable return section (1B) that is close to the driver and/or
-the energy guiding chain (1) is guided in a ferromagnetic linear guiding groove (5).
8. A monitoring system according to claim 4, characterised in that the indicator wire (22) is arranged as a loop antenna, that the generator supplies the excitation signal into the indicator wire (22), and that the circuit (24) senses as a parameter an electrical parameter that is sensitive with respect to the antenna geometry.
9. A monitoring system according to claim 4, characterised in that the indicator wire (12) is arranged as a dipole antenna, the generator feeding the excitation signal into the indicator wire (12) and the circuit (14) sensing as a parameter an electrical parameter that is sensitive with respect to the antenna geometry.
10. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the evaluation unit (6) has a memory for application data and comprises logic which evaluates the signals transmitted by the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) on the basis of the stored application data.
11. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the evaluation unit (6) comprises a communication interface for connection to a superordinate system (7).
12. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the monitoring system has a temperature sensor (63) for temperature normalization.
13. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a logic circuit (25; 45; 65), in particular a microprocessor, an ASIC, a DSP or the like, is provided, which digitizes the sensed electrical quantity, in particular for comparison with a reference value from a reference value memory.
14. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) senses the electrical variable continuously in time or discretely in time during continuous operation of the energy guidance chain (1) and a filter, in particular an averaging filter or a peak filter, is provided in the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) or in the evaluation unit (6).
15. Monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the monitoring device (10; 20; 40; 50; 60) is arranged as a module position-fixed on the base (2) and the indicator line (12; 22; 42; 52; 62) is connected on one side to the circuit (14; 24; 44; 54; 64) at a connection end for the base (2).
16. Use of a monitoring system (10; 20; 40; 50) according to one of claims 1 to 15, in particular according to claim 4, for monitoring the spatial course of the energy guiding chain (1) in continuous operation.
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to a system for status monitoring and/or pipeline monitoring in an energy guiding chain. The invention relates in particular to a monitoring system for an energy-guiding chain for dynamically guiding at least one line, such as a cable, a hose or the like, between a base and a driver that is relatively movable with respect to the base. In this case, a system of this type comprises, on the one hand, an energy-guiding chain which can be moved along a displacement path and in this case can be varied as a function of the position of the driver, a movable return section with a connecting end for the driver, a stationary return section with a connecting end for the base, and a deflection arc formed between the two return sections. In a further aspect, the system comprises a monitoring device having at least one transmitter arranged on the energy supply chain, wherein the monitoring device evaluates the signals generated by means of the transmitter in order to monitor whether an error state occurs during operation of the energy supply chain.
Background
Different systems of this type are already known. For example, patent applications WO 2004/090375 a1 and WO 2013/156607a1 disclose systems with force receivers between the driver and the energy guiding chain in order to monitor whether the occurring forces lie within a tolerance range.
Patent application WO 2015/118143A 1 discloses a system with a mechanically acting transmitter by means of a trigger cord
The systems described above have the disadvantage that they in principle only recognize damage that has occurred. The system therefore does not allow, in particular, prospective maintenance or predictive maintenance.
A monitoring system that can allow state-oriented maintenance is described in patent application EP 1521015 a 2. The wear of the energy-guiding chain, for example, the wear on the narrow sides of the chain links, which is determined by wear, is thereby locally limited, for example, by means of an electromechanically acting wear element. However, this system does not provide information about the current state of the energy guiding chain or about the state of the guiding pipeline.
In the utility model DE 202004005858U 1, the applicant proposed a monitoring system which provides information about the current state of the energy guiding chain and which can also recognize error states. For this purpose, it has been proposed to arrange sensors on the links, which sensors generate signals that are dependent on the pivot position of the links. For example, so-called mercury tilt switches (queckslber-neiggungsschalter) are proposed as sensors which react to changes in the phase and which display the spatial phase of the respectively associated chain link as a tilt sensor. This solution is technically expensive, especially in view of assembly or manufacture, since assembly and wiring must be carried out for a plurality of sensors.
Instead, it is additionally proposed in EP 2235396B 1 to arrange an external electrical contact device along the path of travel, for example in a guide channel of an energy guiding chain, with which the energy guiding chain should come into contact in an offset determined by the disturbance.
It is also known that, due to the significant rise in the resistance of the wires, which typically occurs after hundreds of thousands or millions of test cycles, the expected service life of the cables in the energy guiding chain is determined by means of laboratory tests.
Finally, in this case, a monitoring system is known from patent US 7023217B 1, which allows sensing the state of wear of an electrical conductor, in particular a ribbon cable, for example implemented in an electrical cable. The wires of the ribbon cable are measured by means of an expensive circuit arrangement with a relay multiplexer and a precision voltmeter. However, this solution is rarely used in the actual or active operation of the energy guiding chain due to the expensive circuit arrangement and the connection technology proposed at the two connection ends of the energy guiding chain.
Disclosure of Invention
A first task of the present invention is therefore to provide a monitoring system suitable for continuous operation which allows to identify error conditions and/or wear, in particular before damage, such as chain or pipeline breaks, which may cause downtime. The monitoring system should in particular be able to implement prospective or predictive maintenance in order to reduce or completely avoid dead times. The monitoring system should be as simple as possible to construct and not significantly impair operation. This first task is solved by a system according to
Furthermore, according to a second aspect, a simply assembled system is to be proposed, which provides a message about the current spatial state of the energy guidance chain. In this case, the system should be protected against damage caused by undesired bulging or rolling. This task is solved independently by a system according to claim 4.
According to a third aspect, a simple system is to be proposed, which allows monitoring the state, in particular the state of wear, of at least one pipeline guided by an energy guiding chain.
In order to solve the first task described above, according to the invention, in a monitoring system of the type according to the preamble of
The term "transmitter" is used here in the usual sense, in particular as a synonym for a sensor element (i.e. for example does not mean an encoder or the like).
The evaluation unit allows a dedicated modular adaptation of the monitoring device, also in the case of a constant topology of the sensing circuit, for example by suitable programming of the evaluation function and/or variable storage of operating variables in the evaluation unit. In this case, the evaluation unit can also implement a system of modular design having a plurality of circuit modules, which are each implemented identically in construction and independently of the indicator line used, depending on the desired monitoring aspects, for example a circuit type for bit state monitoring and a circuit type for line monitoring. Furthermore, flexible consideration of variables such as parameters relating to the application and the operating time and also parameters of the surroundings, for example the length of the energy guiding chain, the radius of curvature, the number of cycles, the temperature, etc., is simplified. The sensing circuit and the evaluation unit can be integrated as modules into a common structural group, if appropriate also on the conductor board, and be implemented spatially separated.
In order to carry out a real measurement or a measurement-related sensing of the electrical variable, it is particularly advantageous if the circuit comprises a measuring device which is connected to the indicator line at the input in order to sense the electrical variable, in particular the electrical parameter, of the indicator line by quantitative measurement and to provide a signal which is dependent on the electrical variable to the evaluation unit at the output. The term "measurement" can be understood here in the sense of the definition in DIN standard DIN 1319.
However, in particular not only in the case of sensing of measurement technology, the evaluation unit can have an integrated logic circuit, for example a microprocessor light or the like, which has a reference value memory for evaluating the sensed or measured variable with respect to one or more reference values, for example tolerance ranges. The measuring device can be implemented in any desired manner, optionally completely analog, partially analog and partially digital or completely digital. Due to the preferably programmable logic, the evaluation unit can be adapted modularly and optionally to the measuring circuit. The reference value memory can also be implemented separately from the actual evaluation unit, for example when the latter queries the former as required, but is preferably part of the logic circuit.
For example, the modular construction allows for resistance or impedance measurements that are suitable for the application, regardless of the indicator wire used. The absolute value is also related to the total length of the indicator line, which should run at least along the main length of the movable return path, i.e. the measured value to be expected is strongly dependent on the application in which the energy guidance chain is used. For example, an imminent failure of the core caused by a fatigue fracture in the cable can be relatively reliably predicted by a continuous resistance change or impedance change, for example, as is further indicated below with respect to the third aspect. By means of the proposed analysis processing unit, unlike what is proposed, for example, in US 7023217B 1, there is no need to provide redundant inactive energy guiding chains or lines for reference purposes only.
Preferably, the at least one indicator line extends at least over a substantial length section of the energy guiding chain, in particular over the entire length section of the energy guiding chain that is movable during operation. In this case, the indicator line preferably extends at least over the half of the length of the energy-guiding chain which is adjacent to or connected to the driver, since the stresses due to the pulling or pushing forces which wear out are in most cases greatest here and atypical behaviors occur most frequently here. In this case, the indicator wire should extend at least over a critical length section of the energy guiding chain, typically one third from the driver.
The electrical indicator wire may be implemented separately as an additional line or preferably as an integral part of the cable used in the application. In both cases, the indicator line is preferably guided in the same way as the activation line and in the energy-guiding chain, in particular continuously from one end of the energy-guiding chain to the other end and, if necessary, also back to the one end in a looped manner.
According to a second aspect of the invention, which is independent of the claim, a monitoring system for the position state monitoring of an energy guiding chain according to claim 4 is provided, for example for bump monitoring in the reciprocating movement of the energy guiding chain. According to the invention, the system according to the preamble of claim 4 has as transmitter at least one or more electrical indicator lines guided by the energy guidance chain, which run at least along the main length of the movable return section. The monitoring device also has a circuit connected to the indicator line, which senses the electrical variable by means of the indicator line. The circuit furthermore has a generator which generates a time-variable excitation signal, in particular an alternating current signal or a pulse signal, which is fed into the indicator line or into an additional line which influences the signal electromagnetically, for example inductively.
Thus, the circuit on the indicator wire may sense as a parameter an electrical parameter that is sensitive with respect to the spatial attitude geometry of the indicator wire. In the sense of electrodynamic, in a suitable arrangement, the temporally variable electromagnetic field induced by the generator causes an interaction with the indicator wire which is a function of the spatial state of the indicator wire, i.e. the state of the energy guiding chain. Information about the current state of the energy guiding chain, in particular a non-standard course, such as an undesired bulging or winding of the movable return path section, can thus be derived from the geometry-sensitive electrical parameters.
In this embodiment, the indicator line may form, for example, a receiver coil, which is preferably displaceable by means of a movable return path. Here, the sensing circuit may operate according to the metal detector principle. The circuit together with the receiver coil and possibly other coils are preferably implemented according to the principle of a BFO metal detector or a pulse-induced metal detector, the construction of which is known to the person skilled in the art. The principle of VLF metal detectors can also be considered, however with a smaller range of action.
In this case, an additional transmitter coil, into which the generator supplies the excitation signal in order to generate a measurable signal in the indicator line, can be guided in particular in the energy guidance chain. This signal can then be sensed by the circuit as a parameter and allows conclusions to be drawn about the spatial state of the indicator wire.
According to maxwell's equations, this solution is geometry-sensitive, for example on the one hand due to other electromagnetically effective components in the surroundings (boundary conditions) of the energy guiding chain, but on the other hand also due to coupling and feedback into the receiver coil, that is to say the indicator line (see mutual inductance), which are dependent on the current relative position and spatial state of the return path, for example, due to self-inductance which is dependent on the spatial geometry and possibly also due to the superposition of the two aforementioned position-dependent effects on the electromagnetic field.
Regardless of the sensing principle, it may be provided that the indicator wire forms a coil and the circuit senses the induced parameter. In this case, at least one coil, in particular a receiver coil and/or a transmitter coil, runs in the length section of the movable return section that is close to the driver in order to improve the final action described above. Alternatively or additionally, the energy guiding chain can also be guided in a ferromagnetic guiding groove, which corresponds the first effect described above to a variable that can be sensed on the indicator wire.
In order to sense as a variable a parameter that is geometrically sensitive with respect to the spatial position of the indicator wire due to electrodynamic forces, different possibilities exist, which can also be based on antenna technology, for example.
For example, it may be provided that the indicator line is arranged as a loop antenna, in particular in an energy guidance chain, so that the generator supplies an excitation signal into the indicator line and the circuit senses an electrical parameter sensitive to the antenna geometry, for example a resonance frequency or the like, as a variable.
Alternatively, the indicator wire may be arranged, for example, as a dipole antenna, in particular in the energy guiding chain. The generator supplies an excitation signal to such an indicator wire, whereby the circuit can also sense as a parameter an electrical parameter sensitive to the antenna geometry, such as Standing Wave Ratio (SWR), reflection factor, etc. For this purpose, suitable circuits are known, such as standing wave meters (SWRmeter, english), network analyzers, etc.
In all the above embodiments according to the second aspect, a parameter is sensed which is related to the spatial state of the indicator wire and thereby also to at least a part of the energy guiding chain. Information about the current state or movement position of the energy guiding chain can thus be obtained in a simple manner, in particular by comparing the variables with a predetermined tolerance band.
According to a further independent third aspect, a monitoring system for condition monitoring of a cable in an energy guiding chain is proposed. However, this aspect may also be combined optionally with the monitoring system according to the first and/or second aspect, and furthermore at least one indicator wire is provided as a core element.
According to a third aspect, a monitoring system for monitoring the condition of a cable is provided, which is guided in an energy guiding chain between a base and a driver that is relatively movable with respect to the base.
A third, independent aspect relates to the condition monitoring of a cable which is guided in an energy guiding chain between a base and a driver which is movable relative to the base. The corresponding system comprises an energy guiding chain of this type, which can be moved along a movement path and forms a plurality of movable first return sections, a plurality of stationary second return sections and a deflection arc between the two return sections. The system also has a monitoring device having at least one transmitter arranged on the energy supply chain, which analyzes the signals generated by means of the transmitter in order to monitor whether an error state occurs during operation of the energy supply chain. According to the invention, in a third independent aspect, in such a system, it is provided that the transmitter has two electrical indicator lines which are guided by the energy guidance chain and run along the main length or, for example, the entire length of the movable return path, and that the monitoring device comprises an electrical circuit with a measuring device for measuring the resistance value or the conductance. Furthermore, a third aspect provides that the proximal end of each of the two indicator wires, i.e. the end of one of the two connecting ends of the energy guiding chain, is connected to the measuring device and the other or distal end of the two indicator wires is short-circuited. These end points of the two indicator wires may terminate at a determined length position of the energy guiding chain or preferably at a connecting end of the other distal end of the energy guiding chain. The wires are connected by short-circuiting to form a measuring loop, the resistance or conductance of which can be measured by a measuring device. For example, a continuous measuring loop can be considered which does not comprise interruptions caused by separate short-circuit elements, i.e. one indicator wire is a section from the proximal end to the distal end and the other indicator wire is a section from the distal end back to the proximal end, or vice versa. However, a separate short-circuit element is more practical, as this allows the use of existing multi-core cables and does not require a continuous measuring loop.
The core idea is that the circuit comprises a measuring device for measuring the resistance value or the conductance of the indicator wire and that the indicator wire is implemented in the shape of a loop so that it can be measured on one side on the same link end of the energy guiding chain. Furthermore, the measured resistance value is increased by the reciprocating course and the wear-dependent effect is approximately doubled, which simplifies a reliable preliminary detection before the core wire or strand breaks.
In a preferred embodiment of the third aspect, it is provided that the monitoring device comprises an evaluation unit with integrated logic and a reference value memory. The logic circuit can obtain the output signal of the measuring device and can be used for comparison with at least one prestored reference value of the reference value memory.
For this purpose, the circuit or the measuring device, which implements a reference resistor, a differential amplifier and an analog-digital converter, which are integrated in the four-wire technique, in order to also precisely sense the lower resistance value of the transmitter line, implements in particular a voltage measurement for the four-wire technique (Vierleitertechnik), similar to the principle of a thomson bridge (also referred to as a kelvin bridge). This embodiment provides, for example, that a separate instrumentation amplifier is provided for the or each measuring loop, which instrumentation amplifier is connected on the input side to both ends of the indicator line and on the output side to an analog-to-digital converter, in particular an analog-to-digital converter integrated in a logic circuit. Preferably, the reference resistor is connected in series with the measuring loop, wherein the constant current source supplies the measuring current through the measuring loop and, if necessary, through the measuring resistor. With the aid of the reference resistor, the voltage measurement in the four-wire technique also makes it possible to sense the very small resistance of the measuring loop from the two indicator wires sufficiently precisely, similar to the principle of a thomson bridge.
The measuring loop formed by the two-part indicator line guided back and forth is preferably formed in an activated multi-wire supply cable by means of two additional measuring wires which are specially dedicated or associated for this purpose, the remaining wires of the supply cable being used for actual supply purposes, for example for data transmission or current supply.
The special measuring conductors are preferably short-circuited at the end on the driver side by means of a short-circuit arrangement and connected to the measuring device of the electrical circuit at the end on the base side, i.e. the electrical circuit and possibly the evaluation unit can be arranged simply on the stationary part of the device. If necessary, the wiring can also be reversed, and the circuit is provided on the driver side, which is particularly relevant for an evaluation unit arranged on the movable machine part.
Monitoring of the condition of the cable is particularly advantageous when the measuring core forming the main part of the indicator wire is twisted or possibly wound with other activating cores in the supply cable which are frequently used in operation. The effectiveness of the sensing is thus adapted as accurately as possible to the wear of the active conductors to be monitored. In this case, the measuring core is embodied in particular identically to the at least one active core structure during operation and is twisted or woven in a similar manner to the core. In particular, the measuring core is embodied identically to the most wearing core structure. In pipelines with a large cross section, it is also conceivable to carry out the measurement of the core wire with a smaller wire cross section and to push it in to the state of a thicker main wire, in particular by means of an evaluation unit.
The integrated logic circuit or particularly preferably the evaluation unit preferably has an operating input for storing the resistance or conductance measured by the measuring device in the operational mode as a reference value. Thus, the standard value for measuring the original or non-worn state of the loop or indicator wire can also be defined in a simple manner by the end user himself. The monitoring device itself is thus programmed specifically without it being necessary to know, for example, the length of the energy guidance chain or similar data.
In particular in combination with the above-described features, it is advantageous if the evaluation unit is programmed so as to trigger an alarm if the resistance value or the conductance of the indicator line deviates from the reference value by a predetermined amount, in particular by an amount in the range of 15 to 25% of the reference value. By using the empirically obtained quantity as a threshold value, cable monitoring can be performed only with knowledge of the initial standard value of the resistance value or conductance.
The following embodiments are advantageous for all the above-described aspects, i.e. also for bit state monitoring and/or line state monitoring.
The evaluation unit preferably has a memory for application data and comprises logic which evaluates the signals transmitted by the power supply as a function of the stored application data. This design allows, for example, a nominal value or a tolerance band to be obtained. The reference data can thus be received by the circuit and stored in the evaluation unit, for example, in an initialization procedure in a standard, conventional method of a new energy guidance chain. The application-specific and/or bit-state-specific reference data can also be obtained, for example, by a test laboratory and stored in advance in the evaluation unit or transferred to the evaluation unit.
In particular in the last-mentioned case, the evaluation unit can have an input, via which the current position of the driver is sensed. This allows the currently valid reference values to be read from the memory as a function of position, which is important in particular for geometry-sensitive variables.
The evaluation unit can comprise a communication interface, for example a WLAN interface, for connecting to a superordinate system in order to read or transmit data, for example for initialization, for maintenance purposes or for data collection at the manufacturer.
For the sensing of precise measurement techniques, it is particularly advantageous if the monitoring device has a temperature sensor for temperature normalization. The temperature sensor can be provided, for example, as a component of a modular analysis unit.
In order to increase the modularity, the device can have, as part of a circuit or an evaluation unit, a logic circuit, in particular a microprocessor, an ASIC, a DSP or the like, which digitally processes the sensed electrical variable, in particular for comparison with a reference value of a reference value memory. This is particularly advantageous when the circuit senses the electrical parameter analog.
The circuit can sense the electrical variable continuously or time-discretely at uniform or random time intervals in the continuous operation of the energy guiding chain. In this case, a filter, in particular an averaging filter or a peak filter, is preferably provided in the circuit or in the evaluation unit in order to filter out extraneous fluctuations caused by electromagnetic interference or the like.
The device can be arranged in a stationary manner, in particular as a module, on the base, the indicator line being connected to the circuit on one side at the connection end of the base.
The basic principle of the monitoring system proposed here is suitable for continuous operation, not only for monitoring the spatial course of the energy supply chain in continuous operation, but also for monitoring the state of the data or current supply cables of the energy supply chain in continuous operation. The system is particularly useful for preventive maintenance and/or safety shutdown.
Drawings
Further advantageous features and effects of the invention are explained in detail below with the aid of several preferred embodiments with reference to the drawing. Shown here are:
1A-1B are schematic sketches showing a first embodiment of a monitoring system according to a first aspect in side view (FIG. 1A) and in schematic cross-section (FIG. 1B);
2A-2B are schematic sketches showing a second embodiment of the monitoring system according to a variant in a side view (FIG. 2A) and in a schematic cross-section (FIG. 2B);
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a tolerance band within which an electrical parameter on an indicator wire should lie;
FIG. 4 shows, as a schematic sketch, in a side view, a third embodiment of a monitoring system;
fig. 5 is a schematic sketch showing a fourth embodiment of a monitoring system according to a further variant in a side view, with a wireless communication interface to a communication module;
6A-6B illustrate, as a schematic sketch, in a side view (FIG. 6A) an embodiment of a monitoring system according to another aspect, having a wireless communication interface to a communication module, and as a separate circuit module (FIG. 6B) for condition monitoring of cables in an energy guiding chain; and
fig. 7 photo of a partially bare electrical supply cable with litz wires.
Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate features having the same properties or effects. Repetition is avoided for simplicity.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 7 show an energy guiding chain, generally designated 1, having a horizontally
The end region of the
According to the double arrow marked in fig. 1 to 7, the driver 4 moves in a manner known per se in the forward or backward direction and pulls or pushes the energy-guiding
Fig. 1A and 2A only show here purely schematically and in an exaggerated manner possible error states (denoted "lightning") which are rare, but in particular in long or rapidly moving
In the exemplary embodiment according to fig. 1A-1B, a
In the variant according to fig. 2A-2B, the indicator wire 22 forms a measuring loop or loop antenna and is arranged in the circuit 24 as the inductive part of the RLC resonant loop. The two ends of the two measuring
Fig. 4 shows a variant of a
The circuit forms a
In a variant that is not shown in detail, in addition to the measuring loop formed by the measuring
Fig. 5 shows a
The above-described
Subsequently, a non-relevant further aspect is described, namely a
The
An instrumentation or differential amplifier (OpAmp)66 is connected directly to the ends of two
To improve sensing safety,
Once the
Once the line resistance R is measured by
When cable breakage occurs (R)XTending to infinity), then the green LED goes off and only the red wrong LED illuminates. Additionally, the
The alarm is preferably transmitted via a communication interface, for example an industrial bus, RS-232, etc. (3, 3V, TX, GND) to the
Via the communication interface (3, 3V, TX, GND) of the
Fig. 7 shows a purely schematic illustration of how the measuring
List of reference numerals
FIGS. 1-6
1 energy guide chain
1A static return section
1B movable return section
1C steering arc
2 fixed point
4 driving part
5 guide groove
6 analysis processing unit
7 communication module
FIGS. 1A-1B
10 monitoring system
11 signal
12 indicator wire
14 circuit
FIGS. 2A-2B
20 monitoring system
22 indicator wire
22A, 22B measuring core wire
23 short-circuiting assembly
24 circuit
25 micro-processor
26 oscillating circuit
FIG. 3
Position of the X driver
Quantity of Y (electrical quantity)
30 (of an electrical quantity) of measured values
Tolerance curve under 31
Tolerance curve above 32
FIG. 4
40 monitoring system
42 indicator wire
42A, 22B measuring core wire
43 short-circuit assembly
44 circuit
45 micro-processor
46 measurement oscillation circuit
47 reference oscillation circuit (analog)
48 signal generator
49 mixer stage
FIG. 5
50 monitoring system
51 signal
52 indicator wire
54 circuit
55 Oscillator (Signal generator)
56 demodulator
57 comparator
59 last stage
FIG. 6
60 monitoring system
61 signal
62 indicator wire (R)X)
62A, 62B measurement core wire
63 temperature sensor
64 circuit module
65 microprocessor
66 differential amplifier
67A/D converter
68 current source
69 reference resistance (Rref)
FIG. 7
70 supply cable
72 activating core wire
62A, 62B measurement core wire