Voltage converter, electrical system, motor vehicle and method for manufacturing same
阅读说明:本技术 电压转换器、电气系统、机动车辆及其制造方法 (Voltage converter, electrical system, motor vehicle and method for manufacturing same ) 是由 M.法尔盖尔 R.亨尼盖特 L.博丁 L.凯夫斯 Y.莱科克 M.彻明 R.摩瓦尼 M 于 2018-05-29 设计创作,主要内容包括:一种电压转换器(104)包括:第一和第二母线(106、108),至少一个功率模块(110),其包括至少一对第一和第二可命令开关(112、114)。为每个功率模块(110)提供了一个电容器,该电容器具有至少为500微法拉优选至少为560微法拉的值,并且位于足够靠近可命令开关(112、114),使得母线(106、108、122)为每对可命令开关(112、114)定义导电路径(408),该导电路径(408)从电容器的第一端子开始,依次穿过这两个可命令开关(112、114)中的每个并终止于电容器的第二端子,该导电路径(408)具有至多40纳亨优选地至多30纳亨的电感。(A voltage converter (104) comprising: first and second bus bars (106, 108), at least one power module (110) comprising at least one pair of first and second commandable switches (112, 114). A capacitor is provided for each power module (110), the capacitor having a value of at least 500 micro farads, preferably at least 560 micro farads, and being located sufficiently close to the commandable switches (112, 114) that the bus bars (106, 108, 122) define for each pair of commandable switches (112, 114) a conductive path (408), the conductive path (408) starting from a first terminal of the capacitor, passing through each of the two commandable switches (112, 114) in turn and terminating at a second terminal of the capacitor, the conductive path (408) having an inductance of at most 40 nano-henries, preferably at most 30 nano-henries.)
1. A voltage converter (104) having:
-a first and a second busbar (106, 108),
-at least one power module (110) having:
-at least one pair of first and second commandable switches (112, 114), each commandable switch (112, 114) having two main terminals (116, 118) and a control terminal (120), the control terminal (120) being intended to selectively open and close the commandable switch (112, 114) between its two main terminals (116, 118), the first main terminal (116) of the first commandable switch (112) being connected to the first busbar (106), the second main terminal (118) of the second commandable switch (114) being connected to the second busbar (108),
-for each pair of commandable switches (112, 114), a third busbar (122), the second main terminal (118) of the first commandable switch (112) and the first main terminal (116) of the second commandable switch (114) being connected to the third busbar (122),
-at least one capacitor (124) having first and second terminals (126, 128) connected to the first and second bus bars (106, 108), respectively,
characterized in that a capacitor (124) is provided for each power module (110), the capacitor (124) having a value of at least 500 microfarads, preferably at least 560 microfarads, and being located sufficiently close to the commandable switches (112, 114) that the bus bars (106, 108, 122) define, for each pair of commandable switches (112, 114), a conductive path (408), the conductive path (408) starting from a first terminal (126) of the capacitor (124), passing in turn through each of the two commandable switches (112, 114) and terminating at a second terminal (128) of the capacitor (124), the conductive path (408) having an inductance of at most 40 nanohens, preferably at most 30 nanohens.
2. The voltage converter (104) of claim 1, wherein each conductive path (408) has a length of at most 100mm, preferably at most 70 mm.
3. The voltage converter (104) of claim 1 or 2, wherein each commandable switch (112, 114) of each power module (110) is located at a distance of between 10 and 30mm, preferably between 15 and 25mm, from an axis (402) on which the capacitor (124) is centered.
4. The voltage converter (104) of any one of claims 1 to 3, further having a heat sink housing (502) with a horizontal perimeter surrounding the one or more power modules (110) and associated one or more capacitors (124), the heat sink housing (502) having an air inlet aperture (506) on the horizontal perimeter and a downward air outlet aperture (508) at the center, the one or more capacitors (124) being located closer to a vertical axis (510) passing through the air outlet aperture (508) than the commandable switches (112, 114).
5. The voltage converter (104) of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the commandable switches (112, 114) of each pair are arranged to form chopper arms.
6. The voltage converter (104) of any of claims 1 to 5 having three power modules (110), each power module having two pairs of commandable switches (112, 114).
7. An electrical system (100) having:
-the voltage converter (104) of any one of claims 1 to 6,
-an electric motor (130) having phases respectively associated with the power modules (110), each phase of the electric motor (130) having two ends respectively connected to the two third busbars (122) of the associated power module (110).
8. The electrical system (100) of claim 7, wherein the electric motor (130) is designed to drive a wheel of a motor vehicle.
9. A motor vehicle having an electrical system (100) as claimed in claim 7 or 8.
10. A method (600) for manufacturing a voltage converter (104) according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
-determining (602), for each power module (110), that the associated capacitor (124) is located sufficiently close to the commandable switches (112, 114) so that the bus bars (106, 108, 122) define, for each pair of commandable switches (112, 114), a conductive path (408), the conductive path (408) starting from the first terminal (126) of the capacitor (124), passing in turn through each of the two commandable switches (112, 114) and terminating at the second terminal (128) of the capacitor (124), the conductive path (408) having an inductance of at most 40 nanohenries, preferably at most 30 nanohenries,
-manufacturing (604) the voltage converter (104) by placing the associated capacitor (124) at the determined position for each power module (110).
Technical Field
The invention relates to a voltage converter and an electrical system, a motor vehicle and a manufacturing method related thereto.
Background
It is known to use voltage converters of the type having:
-a first and a second bus bar,
-at least one power module having:
at least one pair of first and second commandable switches, each commandable switch having two main terminals and one control terminal for selectively opening and closing the commandable switch between its two main terminals, the first main terminal of the first commandable switch being connected to the first busbar and the second main terminal of the second commandable switch being connected to the second busbar,
for each pair of commandable switches, a third bus bar, the second main terminal of the first commandable switch and the first main terminal of the second commandable switch being connected to the third bus bar,
-at least one capacitor having first and second terminals connected to the first and second busbars, respectively.
The first and second bus bars are intended to receive a high DC supply voltage. The function of the one or more capacitors is to filter the supply voltage. In order to make the filtering effective, the capacitor or capacitors have a high capacitance at least equal to 500 microfarads and are placed in a capacitor block located close to the ends of the first and second busbars to which the supply voltage is applied.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a voltage converter with improved supply voltage filtering.
To this end, a voltage converter of the above-mentioned type is proposed, characterized in that a capacitor is provided for each power module, the capacitor having a value of at least 500 microfarads, preferably at least 560 microfarads, and being located sufficiently close to the commandable switches such that the bus bar defines, for each pair of commandable switches, a conductive path starting from a first terminal of the capacitor, passing through each of the two commandable switches in turn and ending at a second terminal of the capacitor, the conductive path having an inductance of at most 40 nanohenries, preferably at most 30 nanohenries.
By means of the invention, the capacitors are placed as close as possible to the commandable switches of each power module, so that the filtering can be improved. This solution is more advantageous than adding a small capacitor, such as a ceramic capacitor, near the power module in addition to the capacitor block. In particular, the solution proposed by the present invention makes it possible to obtain the same result while limiting the number of electronic components and therefore the cost and bulk of the voltage converter.
Optionally, each conductive path has a length of at most 100mm, preferably at most 70 mm.
Also optionally, each commandable switch of each power module is located at a distance of between 10 and 30mm, preferably between 15 and 25mm, from the axis on which the capacitor is centered.
Also optionally, the voltage converter further has a heat sink housing having a horizontal perimeter surrounding the one or more power modules and associated one or more capacitors, the heat sink housing having an air inlet aperture on the horizontal perimeter and a downward air outlet aperture at the center, the one or more capacitors being located closer to a vertical axis passing through the air outlet aperture than the commandable switch.
Also optionally, the commandable switches of each pair are arranged to form chopping arms.
Also optionally, the voltage converter has three power modules, each having two pairs of commandable switches.
An electrical system is also proposed, which has:
-a voltage converter according to the invention,
an electric motor having phases respectively associated with the power modules, each phase of the electric motor having two ends respectively connected to the two third busbars of the associated power module.
Alternatively, the electric motor is designed to drive a wheel of the motor vehicle.
A motor vehicle with an electrical system according to the invention is also proposed.
A method for manufacturing a voltage converter according to the invention is also proposed, which method comprises:
-for each power module, determining that the associated capacitor is located close enough to the commandable switches so that the bus bar defines, for each pair of commandable switches, a conductive path starting from the first terminal of the capacitor, passing through each of the two commandable switches in turn and ending at the second terminal of the capacitor, the conductive path having an inductance of at most 40 nanohenries, preferably at most 30 nanohenries,
-for each power module, manufacturing a voltage converter by placing the relevant capacitor at a determined position.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an electrical system having a voltage converter embodying the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a power module and associated capacitors located in a voltage converter.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional view of only the capacitor.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a power module without a capacitor.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the voltage converter.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating steps of a method for manufacturing a voltage converter.
Detailed Description
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The invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments but is defined by the appended claims. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations may be made.
Furthermore, the terms used in the claims should not be construed as being limited to the elements of the above-described embodiments, but should be construed to cover all equivalent elements that can be inferred by those skilled in the art from the common general knowledge thereof.
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