阅读说明：本技术 车顶、底架全自动打磨装置及打磨方法 (Full-automatic polishing device and polishing method for car roof and underframe ) 是由 张健彬 于馨智 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了车顶、底架全自动打磨装置,包括控制机构、龙门机构、打磨机构、龙门行走轨道、装夹车顶或底架的工装和地基,龙门机构沿轨道移动,装夹车顶或底架的工装设在轨道间,车顶或底架的焊缝方向与龙门机构移动方向一致；龙门机构上固定有打磨机构,打磨机构包括电机和砂带,控制机构与电机连接,通过驱动电机而驱动砂带旋转且打磨机构沿焊缝移动。本发明还公开了全自动打磨方法,车顶或底架装夹到工装上,控制机构一键控制全自动打磨：先完成平面焊缝的打磨,然后通过气动调整机构将曲面部分调整到水平状态,同时打磨机构会移动到曲面打磨区域直接打磨。本发明自动化程度高,劳动强度低,噪音粉尘少,与手工打磨相比,效率提升,费用减少。(The invention discloses a full-automatic polishing device for a vehicle roof or a chassis, which comprises a control mechanism, a gantry mechanism, a polishing mechanism, a gantry walking track, a tool for clamping the vehicle roof or the chassis and a foundation, wherein the gantry mechanism moves along the track; and the gantry mechanism is fixedly provided with a polishing mechanism, the polishing mechanism comprises a motor and an abrasive belt, the control mechanism is connected with the motor, the abrasive belt is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and the polishing mechanism moves along a weld joint. The invention also discloses a full-automatic polishing method, wherein the roof or the underframe is clamped on the tool, and the control mechanism controls full-automatic polishing by one key: the grinding of the plane welding line is completed firstly, then the curved surface part is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through the pneumatic adjusting mechanism, and meanwhile, the grinding mechanism can move to the curved surface grinding area to be directly ground. The automatic grinding machine has the advantages of high automation degree, low labor intensity, less noise and dust, and improved efficiency and reduced cost compared with manual grinding.)

1. The full-automatic grinding device for the car roof and the underframe is characterized by comprising a control mechanism, a gantry mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a gantry walking track, a tool for clamping the car roof or the underframe and a foundation, wherein the two gantry walking tracks are arranged in parallel; and a grinding mechanism is fixed on the gantry mechanism, the grinding mechanism comprises a motor and an abrasive belt, the control mechanism is connected with the motor, the control mechanism is controlled in a one-key full-automatic mode, the abrasive belt is driven to rotate by a driving motor, and the grinding mechanism moves along a welding line for grinding.

2. The full-automatic grinding device for the car roof and the underframe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool is provided with a pneumatic adjusting mechanism, and can grind a curved workpiece on the tool: the pneumatic adjusting mechanism enables the tool to be subjected to angle adjustment, the area to be polished of the roof or the underframe is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and polishing is completed in the horizontal state.

3. The full-automatic grinding device for the roofs and the underframes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grinding mechanism further comprises a dust removing device, the dust removing device is placed at the front end of the grinding mechanism, and grinding dust is collected while grinding the welding seams.

4. The full-automatic grinding device for the roof and the underframe as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the central shaft of the abrasive belt is fixed on the grinding mechanism, and the abrasive belt rotates at a high speed during grinding so as to grind a welding seam.

5. The fully automatic grinding device for vehicle roofs and under frames as claimed in claim 4, wherein the circumference of said abrasive belt is set to 5 m; the width of the abrasive belt is the same as the grinding width and is set to be 60-80 mm.

6. The full-automatic polishing method of the car roof and the underframe is characterized in that after the car roof or the underframe is clamped and fixed on the tool at one time, the control mechanism controls to realize full-automatic polishing by one key: firstly, the grinding mechanism can automatically move to finish grinding of the plane welding line of the roof or the underframe; then the curved surface part of the roof or the underframe is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through the pneumatic adjusting mechanism, and meanwhile, the grinding mechanism can automatically move to a curved surface grinding area for direct grinding.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a rail transit vehicle body manufacturing system, is applied to polishing work of a vehicle roof and a vehicle bottom frame of a vehicle body part, and particularly relates to a full-automatic polishing device and a polishing method for the vehicle roof and the vehicle bottom frame.

Background

The exposed surface of the aluminum alloy car body has aesthetic requirements, and the exposed welding seam needs to be polished to increase the aesthetic property of the exposed surface. The existing aluminum alloy car body exposed surface polishing technology mostly adopts a manual polishing mode, and the defects of manual polishing are as follows: (1) the width and depth of manual grinding are not uniform, and the finishing property is poor. (2) In order to achieve the attractive effect, the process flow of putty scraping is increased in the subsequent painting process, the painting cost is increased, the putty is an unstable component, and the paint is easily cracked and damaged in the later vehicle operation process, so that the vehicle body is corroded, and the service life of the vehicle is shortened. (3) The manual polishing process is complicated: the welding seam surplus height is planed by the planer tool firstly and then polished by the polishing tool, so that polishing efficiency is affected. (4) The welding seam planer tool can generate great noise when being processed, and the hearing of a grinding operator can be damaged. (5) The polishing can generate a large amount of dust which causes extremely high harm to the body of polishing operators. (6) The shutter plate is used to current grinding tool, and the loss of polishing for a long time is higher and the use amount that has increased the supplementary material of polishing has increased the cost of polishing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the full-automatic grinding device for the car roof and the car underframe, which can improve the working environment of grinding work, reduce the labor intensity of grinding operators, reduce the use cost of grinding auxiliary materials, improve the aesthetic degree of a grinding area and standardize the grinding working process.

The invention also aims to provide a full-automatic polishing method for the car roof and the car underframe.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the full-automatic polishing device for the car roof or the underframe comprises a control mechanism, a gantry mechanism, a polishing mechanism, a gantry walking track, a tool for clamping the car roof or the underframe and a foundation, wherein the two gantry walking tracks are arranged in parallel, the gantry mechanism vertically straddles the gantry walking track and can move along the track, the tool for clamping the car roof or the underframe is arranged between the two gantry walking tracks, and the direction of a welding line of the car roof or the underframe is consistent with the moving direction of the gantry mechanism; and a grinding mechanism is fixed on the gantry mechanism, the grinding mechanism comprises a motor and an abrasive belt, the control mechanism is connected with the motor, the control mechanism is controlled in a one-key full-automatic mode, the abrasive belt is driven to rotate by a driving motor, and the grinding mechanism moves along a welding line for grinding.

Further, the frock is equipped with pneumatic guiding mechanism, can realize polishing of curved surface work piece on the frock: the pneumatic adjusting mechanism enables the tool to be subjected to angle adjustment, the area to be polished of the roof or the underframe is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and polishing is completed in the horizontal state.

Furthermore, the grinding mechanism further comprises a dust removal device, the dust removal device is placed at the front end of the grinding mechanism, and grinding dust is collected while the welding line is ground.

Furthermore, the central shaft of the abrasive belt is fixed on the grinding mechanism, and the abrasive belt rotates at a high speed during grinding so as to grind a welding seam.

Further, the circumference of the abrasive belt is set to 5 m; the width of the abrasive belt is the same as the grinding width and is set to be 60-80 mm.

The full-automatic polishing method for the car roof and the car underframe comprises the following processes: the car roof or the chassis is fixed by one-time clamping on the tool, and the control mechanism controls one key to realize full-automatic polishing:

firstly, the grinding mechanism can automatically move to finish grinding of the plane welding line of the roof or the underframe; then the curved surface part of the roof or the underframe is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through the pneumatic adjusting mechanism, and meanwhile, the grinding mechanism can automatically move to a curved surface grinding area for direct grinding. The automatic grinding machine adopts a pneumatic mechanism for clamping, automatically grinds a welding area according to a set program, is provided with a dust removing device to improve the operation environment of a production field, and is beneficial to protecting grinding operators from being damaged by noise and grinding dust; the long abrasive belt is adopted for polishing, so that the use amount of auxiliary polishing materials can be reduced, and the polishing cost is reduced.

In a word, the automatic grinding machine has high automation degree, can reduce the labor intensity of production operators, and protects the grinding operators from being damaged by noise and grinding dust; compared with manual grinding, the efficiency is improved by 40-60%, and the auxiliary material cost generated by grinding can be reduced by 68%; the consistency of the polishing area of the product is good, the overall appearance quality is attractive, the enterprise image is favorably improved, and meanwhile, the cost of the subsequent paint process (the putty scraping process is reduced) and the construction difficulty of the paint are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sanding belt over a weld of a workpiece;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a joint form with a weld ground;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a grinding mechanism;

the automatic welding and polishing machine comprises a polishing mechanism 1, a gantry mechanism 2, a control mechanism 3, a gantry traveling track 4, a pneumatic adjusting mechanism 5, a dust removing device 6, an abrasive belt 7, a driving motor 8, a tool 9, a workpiece 10 and a welding line and a boss 11.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the full-automatic grinding device for the roof and the underframe of the embodiment comprises a control mechanism 3, a gantry mechanism 2, a grinding mechanism 1, a gantry traveling track 4, a tool 9 and a pneumatic adjusting mechanism 5.

The two gantry traveling rails 4 are arranged in parallel, the gantry mechanism 2 vertically straddles the gantry traveling rails 4 and moves along the gantry traveling rails 4, the grinding mechanism 1 is fixed on the gantry mechanism 2, the grinding mechanism 1 comprises a driving motor 8, an abrasive belt 7 and dust removing equipment 6, the control mechanism 3 is connected with the driving motor 8, the abrasive belt 7 is driven to rotate through the driving motor 8, and the grinding mechanism 1 moves along a welding line for grinding; the control mechanism 3 can realize the function of one-time programming and subsequent one-key starting, and has high automation degree.

The dust removing equipment 6 can realize that the dust of polishing is collected while polishing, and the influence of polishing noise and dust on operators is reduced. The dust removal equipment 6 is arranged at the front end of the grinding mechanism 1, and is used for collecting grinding dust while grinding the welding line.

The abrasive belt 7 is driven by the driving motor 8 to polish the polishing workpiece 10, the aluminum alloy polishing workpiece 10 is polished along with the increase of heat, the aluminum scraps polished are attached to the surface of the polishing tool, the roughness of the polishing tool is reduced, and the polishing efficiency and the polishing effect are influenced. This embodiment adopts 5 meters abrasive band as the burnisher, can effectively reduce the adhesion of aluminium cutting, and sustainable efficient polishes the operation and reduces the consumptive material cost of polishing. The circumference of the abrasive belt 7 is set to 5m, the central axis thereof is fixed to the grinding means 1, and the abrasive belt 7 is rotated at a high speed around the central axis thereof, thereby grinding the weld. According to the technical requirements of products, the width of the abrasive belt 7 is set to be two different types of 60mm and 80mm (the roughness of the abrasive belts of the two width types is 60 meshes), the width of the abrasive belt 7 is the same as the grinding width, and the width can be selected according to the technical requirements. When in grinding, the welding seam and the boss 11 are ground flat at one time through the abrasive belt 7 of the grinding mechanism 1 (as shown in figure 4).

The full-automatic grinding device for the roof and the underframe of the embodiment adopts the mode that the grinding workpiece 10 is fixed on the tool 9, and the gantry grinding mechanism 1 travels to carry out grinding work, so that the welding seam grinding work of the roof and the underframe is completed. The tool 9 is arranged between the two gantry walking tracks 4, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the walking direction of the tracks. The polishing workpiece 10 is fixed on the tool 9, and the direction of the welding line of the polishing workpiece 10 is consistent with the walking direction of the rail.

In addition, the tool 9 has an angle adjusting function, and the polishing work of the curved surface workpiece can be realized on the universal tool 9; specifically, a pneumatic adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged below the tool 9, the pneumatic adjusting mechanism 5 can adjust the angle of the tool 9 in a certain direction (for example, the tool 9 is inclined to the lower right as shown in fig. 2), so that the region to be polished of the workpiece to be polished 10 on the tool 9 is adjusted to be horizontal through the adjustment of the tool 9, and the abrasive belt 7 and the weld joint of the region to be polished of the workpiece to be polished 10 are polished in a horizontal state. Pneumatic adjusting mechanism 5 all adopts pneumatic fixture, and is high-efficient safety.

The control mechanism 3 of this embodiment can realize polishing completely automatically after the clamping of work piece 10, and it can be according to the procedure at first 1 can the automatic movement of grinding machanism accomplish the polishing of plane welding seam, then adjust the level condition to the curved surface part of work piece 10 of polishing through pneumatic adjustment mechanism 5, and grinding machanism 1 can the automatic movement the curved surface region of polishing simultaneously, directly polishes the operation, has further protected the operating personnel of polishing not influenced by noise and dust of polishing.

The full-automatic grinding device for the car roof and the underframe can reduce the use cost of auxiliary grinding materials, wherein ① is used for manual grinding, 1 louver blade is needed to be used for grinding 1 meter of welding line, 30 meters of welding line are needed to be ground every day, namely 30 louver blades are consumed every day, the price of each louver blade is 4.2 yuan, ② is used for full-automatic grinding, one 5 meter abrasive belt can be used for grinding 60 meter of welding line, and the price of each abrasive belt is 80 yuan.

The full-automatic grinding device for the car roof and the underframe can improve grinding efficiency by ① hand grinding with the grinding speed of 0.4-0.6m/min (the extra height of a welding seam needs to be removed by using a planer tool), ② full-automatic grinding with the grinding speed of 1m/min, and compared with the hand grinding efficiency and the full-automatic grinding efficiency, the full-automatic grinding efficiency is 40-60% higher than the hand grinding efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.