阅读说明：本技术 一种新型节能环保建筑材料及制造方法 (Novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 李霞 刘志杰 陈平绪 周光灿 梁丰春 马丽 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型节能环保建筑材料,其原料按重量份比包括：建筑废料30-50份、珍珠岩颗粒10-15份、煤灰12-25份、高岭土8-15份、石英砂6-10份、陶瓷纤维5-10份、氧化镁15-18份、纯净水20-30份、阻燃剂2-6份、水性胶黏剂3-6份、相容剂1-3份,本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域。该新型节能环保建筑材料及制造方法,可实现通过以建筑废料为主体材料,对废料进行了很好的利用,降低了生产成本,节能环保,通过添加珍珠岩和石英砂使得建筑材料强度高且耐磨,通过添加陶瓷纤维和阻燃剂使得建筑材料有很好的耐火效果和保温效果,提高了建筑材料的综合性能,该建筑材料制作简单,耗时短,很大程度上降低了制作成本,同时降低了工作人员的劳动强度。(The invention discloses a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the building material comprises, by weight, 30-50 parts of building waste, 10-15 parts of perlite particles, 12-25 parts of coal ash, 8-15 parts of kaolin, 6-10 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of ceramic fibers, 15-18 parts of magnesium oxide, 20-30 parts of purified water, 2-6 parts of a flame retardant, 3-6 parts of an aqueous adhesive and 1-3 parts of a compatilizer, and relates to the technical field of building materials. This novel energy-concerving and environment-protective building material and manufacturing approach, can realize through using the building waste material as the main part material, carried out fine utilization to the waste material, manufacturing cost has been reduced, energy-concerving and environment-protective, make building material intensity high and wear-resisting through adding pearlite and quartz sand, make building material have fine refractory effect and heat preservation effect through adding ceramic fiber and fire retardant, building material's comprehensive properties has been improved, this building material simple manufacture, consuming time is short, to a great extent has reduced the cost of manufacture, staff's intensity of labour has been reduced simultaneously.)

1. A novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material is characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of construction waste, 10-15 parts of perlite particles, 12-25 parts of coal ash, 8-15 parts of kaolin, 6-10 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of ceramic fibers, 15-18 parts of magnesium oxide, 20-30 parts of purified water, 2-6 parts of flame retardant, 3-6 parts of aqueous adhesive and 1-3 parts of compatilizer.

2. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 30 parts of construction waste, 10 parts of perlite particles, 12 parts of coal ash, 15 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of quartz sand, 10 parts of ceramic fibers, 18 parts of magnesium oxide, 30 parts of purified water, 6 parts of flame retardant, 6 parts of aqueous adhesive and 3 parts of compatilizer.

3. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 40 parts of construction waste, 12 parts of perlite particles, 20 parts of coal ash, 11 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of ceramic fibers, 17 parts of magnesium oxide, 25 parts of purified water, 4 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of aqueous adhesive and 2 parts of compatilizer.

4. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 50 parts of building waste, 15 parts of perlite particles, 25 parts of coal ash, 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of quartz sand, 5 parts of ceramic fibers, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 20 parts of purified water, 2 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of aqueous adhesive and 1 part of compatilizer.

5. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the flame retardant is prepared by mixing diammonium phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the compatilizer is grafted by maleic anhydride.

6. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the construction waste is one or more of ceramic waste, glass waste, plate brick waste and concrete waste.

7. The novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting raw materials of construction waste, perlite particles, coal ash, kaolin, quartz sand, ceramic fibers, magnesium oxide, purified water, a flame retardant, an aqueous adhesive and a compatilizer, and respectively weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio;

s2, putting the building waste and the coal ash weighed in the S1 into a crusher for crushing to obtain a crushed object, introducing the crushed object into a ball mill for ball milling to a size below 400 meshes to obtain crushed particles, putting the perlite particles, the kaolin, the quartz sand, the magnesium oxide and the crushed particles weighed in the S1 into a mixing stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is 60-100r/min, and obtaining a particle mixture after the perlite particles, the kaolin, the quartz sand, the magnesium oxide and the crushed particles are completely mixed;

s3, mixing and adding the particles in the step S2 into a mixing stirrer, and simultaneously adding the ceramic fibers, the purified water, the flame retardant, the aqueous adhesive and the compatilizer weighed in the step S1 into the mixing stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is controlled at 110-120r/min, so as to obtain a viscous mixture;

s4, guiding the viscous mixture prepared in the S3 into a prefabricated template, performing mould pressing on the viscous mixture through a prepress, performing mould pressing on the viscous mixture under the pressure of 15-20MPa, keeping the pressure for 3-5min to obtain a semi-finished building board, placing the semi-finished building board into drying equipment for primary drying, controlling the drying temperature at 300-400 ℃ and the drying time at 30-50min, standing for 5-10min after the semi-finished building board is primarily dried, performing secondary drying on the semi-finished building board, controlling the drying temperature at 100-150 ℃ and the drying time at 10-20min to obtain the finished building material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

Construction materials are various materials used in construction works. The building materials are widely divided into inorganic materials including metal materials and non-metal materials, organic materials including plant materials, synthetic polymer materials, composite materials including asphalt concrete, polymer concrete and the like, and generally formed by compounding inorganic non-metal materials and organic materials, and the building materials can be divided into structural materials, decorative materials and some special materials, wherein the structural materials include wood, bamboo, stone, cement, concrete, metal, brick and tile, ceramics, glass, engineering plastics, composite materials and the like, the decorative materials include various coatings, paints, coatings, veneers, ceramic tiles with various colors, glass with special effects and the like, and with the development of the society, people constantly research and develop the building materials.

The traditional building material and the manufacturing method thereof do not use building waste as a main material, do not well utilize the waste, increase the production cost, have low strength and no wear resistance, do not have good fire resistance effect and heat preservation effect, have complex manufacturing process and long time consumption, greatly increase the manufacturing cost and have higher labor intensity of workers.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material and a manufacturing method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing building material does not use building waste as a raw material, does not utilize waste, and has low strength, poor wear resistance, poor fire resistance effect, poor heat insulation effect and complex manufacturing process.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of construction waste, 10-15 parts of perlite particles, 12-25 parts of coal ash, 8-15 parts of kaolin, 6-10 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of ceramic fibers, 15-18 parts of magnesium oxide, 20-30 parts of purified water, 2-6 parts of flame retardant, 3-6 parts of aqueous adhesive and 1-3 parts of compatilizer.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 30 parts of construction waste, 10 parts of perlite particles, 12 parts of coal ash, 15 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of quartz sand, 10 parts of ceramic fibers, 18 parts of magnesium oxide, 30 parts of purified water, 6 parts of flame retardant, 6 parts of aqueous adhesive and 3 parts of compatilizer.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 40 parts of construction waste, 12 parts of perlite particles, 20 parts of coal ash, 11 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of ceramic fibers, 17 parts of magnesium oxide, 25 parts of purified water, 4 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of aqueous adhesive and 2 parts of compatilizer.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 50 parts of building waste, 15 parts of perlite particles, 25 parts of coal ash, 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of quartz sand, 5 parts of ceramic fibers, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 20 parts of purified water, 2 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of aqueous adhesive and 1 part of compatilizer.

Preferably, the flame retardant is prepared by mixing diammonium phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the compatilizer is grafted by maleic anhydride.

Preferably, the construction waste is one or more of ceramic waste, glass waste, plate brick waste and concrete waste.

Perlite is acid lava erupted from volcanoes, and is vitreous rock formed by rapid cooling, and quartz sand is quartz particles formed by crushing quartz stone.

The quartz sand is a non-metallic mineral substance, is a hard, wear-resistant and chemically stable silicate mineral, is milk white or colorless and semitransparent, and has a Mohs hardness of 7.

The ceramic fiber is a fibrous light refractory material, and has the advantages of light weight, high temperature resistance, good thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, small specific heat, mechanical shock resistance and the like.

The water-based adhesive is an environment-friendly adhesive prepared by using natural polymers or synthetic polymers as adhesives and water as a solvent or a dispersant to replace toxic organic solvents which pollute the environment.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting raw materials of construction waste, perlite particles, coal ash, kaolin, quartz sand, ceramic fibers, magnesium oxide, purified water, a flame retardant, an aqueous adhesive and a compatilizer, and respectively weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio;

s2, putting the building waste and the coal ash weighed in the S1 into a crusher for crushing to obtain a crushed object, introducing the crushed object into a ball mill for ball milling to a size below 400 meshes to obtain crushed particles, putting the perlite particles, the kaolin, the quartz sand, the magnesium oxide and the crushed particles weighed in the S1 into a mixing stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is 60-100r/min, and obtaining a particle mixture after the perlite particles, the kaolin, the quartz sand, the magnesium oxide and the crushed particles are completely mixed;

s3, mixing and adding the particles in the step S2 into a mixing stirrer, and simultaneously adding the ceramic fibers, the purified water, the flame retardant, the aqueous adhesive and the compatilizer weighed in the step S1 into the mixing stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is controlled at 110-120r/min, so as to obtain a viscous mixture;

s4, guiding the viscous mixture prepared in the S3 into a prefabricated template, performing mould pressing on the viscous mixture through a prepress, performing mould pressing on the viscous mixture under the pressure of 15-20MPa, keeping the pressure for 3-5min to obtain a semi-finished building board, placing the semi-finished building board into drying equipment for primary drying, controlling the drying temperature at 300-400 ℃ and the drying time at 30-50min, standing for 5-10min after the semi-finished building board is primarily dried, performing secondary drying on the semi-finished building board, controlling the drying temperature at 100-150 ℃ and the drying time at 10-20min to obtain the finished building material.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material and a manufacturing method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material and the manufacturing method thereof comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of construction waste, 10-15 parts of perlite particles, 12-25 parts of coal ash, 8-15 parts of kaolin, 6-10 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of ceramic fibers, 15-18 parts of magnesium oxide, 20-30 parts of purified water, 2-6 parts of flame retardant, 3-6 parts of aqueous adhesive, 1-3 parts of compatilizer, S1, selecting raw materials of construction waste, perlite particles, coal ash, kaolin, quartz sand, ceramic fibers, magnesium oxide, purified water, flame retardant, aqueous adhesive and compatilizer, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio, S2, putting the construction waste and the coal ash weighed in S1 into a crusher for crushing to obtain crushed objects, introducing the crushed objects into a ball mill for ball milling to be below 400 meshes to obtain crushed particles, S3, mixing and adding the particles in S2 into a mixing stirrer, simultaneously adding the ceramic fiber, the purified water, the flame retardant, the water-based adhesive and the compatilizer weighed in the step S1 into a mixing stirrer, S4, introducing the viscous mixture prepared in the step S3 into a prefabricated template, the building waste is molded by a prepress, the viscous mixed material is molded under the pressure of 15-20MPa for 3-5min to obtain a semi-finished building board, the building waste is used as a main material, the waste materials are well utilized, the production cost is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the building material has high strength and wear resistance by adding the perlite and the quartz sand, the building material has good fire-resistant effect and heat-insulating effect by adding the ceramic fiber and the fire retardant, the comprehensive performance of the building material is improved to a great extent, the building material is simple to manufacture, consumes short time, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, and simultaneously reduces the labor intensity of workers.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides three technical schemes: a preparation method of a novel energy-saving environment-friendly building material specifically comprises the following embodiments: