阅读说明：本技术 一种改善面料用亚麻纤维染色特性的处理方法 (Treatment method for improving dyeing property of linen fiber for fabric ) 是由 杨华东 于 2019-11-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改善面料用亚麻纤维染色特性的处理方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤：(1)浸泡处理；(2)质子辐照处理；(3)高压处理；(4)染色处理。本发明提供了一种改善面料用亚麻纤维染色特性的处理方法,降低了亚麻纤维的结晶度,改变亚麻分子的分子排列,提高了亚麻纤维的柔软性,从而改善亚麻纤维的染色特性,提高亚麻纤维的上染率,提高亚麻纤维的色牢度,极具市场推广应用价值。(The invention discloses a processing method for improving the dyeing property of flax fibers for fabrics, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) soaking; (2) proton irradiation treatment; (3) high-pressure treatment; (4) and (6) dyeing treatment. The invention provides a treatment method for improving the dyeing property of flax fibers for fabrics, which reduces the crystallinity of the flax fibers, changes the molecular arrangement of flax molecules, and improves the flexibility of the flax fibers, thereby improving the dyeing property of the flax fibers, improving the dye uptake of the flax fibers, improving the color fastness of the flax fibers, and having great market popularization and application values.)

1. A processing method for improving the dyeing property of flax fibers for fabrics is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) soaking treatment:

immersing flax fibers in the treatment solution for soaking, and performing ultrasonic treatment with specific frequency while soaking;

(2) proton irradiation treatment:

putting the flax fibers to be treated into a low-energy proton irradiation box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation treatment time is 5-6 min;

(3) high-pressure treatment:

placing the flax fibers subjected to the proton irradiation treatment in the step (2) into a high-pressure tank, raising the temperature in the high-pressure tank to 100-102 ℃, raising the pressure in the high-pressure tank to 2-3 MPa, wherein the relative humidity of air in the high-pressure tank is 80-88%, quickly relieving the pressure to normal pressure after the pressure maintaining treatment is carried out for 1-2 min, and taking out the flax fibers for later use;

(4) dyeing treatment:

firstly, putting a dye at the bottom of a dyeing kettle, then winding the flax fibers subjected to high-pressure treatment in the step (3) on a spiral tube, putting the flax fibers around a stirrer in a supercritical fluid dyeing kettle, performing supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing, and taking out the ramie fibers after dyeing treatment for 13-15 min.

2. The processing method for improving the dyeing property of the linen fibers for the fabric according to claim 1, wherein the processing liquid in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 2-3 parts of sodium silicate, 2.3-2.7 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.9-1.1 parts of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, 2-3 parts of snake oleic acid base quaternary ammonium salt and 100-120 parts of deionized water.

3. The processing method for improving the dyeing property of the linen fibers for the fabric according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave frequency during the ultrasonic wave processing in the step (1) is 70-74 kHz.

4. The processing method for improving the dyeing property of the linen fibers for the fabric according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation energy is controlled to be 200-220 keV and the beam current is 2.3-2.5 x 10 during the proton irradiation treatment in the step (2)¹¹cm^-2·s^-1The injection amount is 2 to 2.4 x 10¹⁶p/cm²。

5. The processing method for improving the dyeing property of flax fibers for fabrics according to claim 1, wherein the dye in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 10-12 parts of natural colorant, 3-5 parts of rare earth stabilizer, 4-4.6 parts of phosphorous acid vinegar, 1-2 parts of epoxidized soybean oil and 90-98 parts of purified water.

6. A treatment process for improving the dyeing properties of flax fibers for fabrics as claimed in claim 5 wherein said natural colorant is at least one of tomato red, safflower yellow, turmeric, hibiscus red, capsanthin.

7. The processing method for improving the dyeing property of the linen fibers for the fabric according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 80-86 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 4-5 MPa during the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing in the step (4).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fabric processing, and particularly relates to a processing method for improving the dyeing property of linen fibers for fabrics.

Background

Flax is one of the earliest natural fibers used by humans, and has a history of over ten thousand years to date. Flax fiber is a rare natural fiber and only accounts for 1.5 percent of the total amount of the natural fiber. Because of its nature, primitive simplicity, rarity, natural color and high price, it is known as "the fiber queen in natural fiber". Flax fibers have many advantageous properties. It has the advantages of moisture absorption, heat dissipation, health care, bacteriostasis, antifouling, antistatic, ultraviolet ray prevention and excellent flame retardant effect. However, because the flax fiber has high crystallinity, the macromolecules are arranged neatly and compactly, the gap space is small, the binding force of each group between molecules is saturated mutually, the fiber swelling is difficult, the deformation is small, the dye permeation is difficult during dyeing, the dye uptake rate is low, the orientation degree of the flax fiber is high, the macromolecule arrangement direction and the fiber axial compounding degree are high, and therefore, the fiber has high tensile strength, small elongation capacity and poor elasticity, the space occupied by the dye macromolecules during dyeing is small, the permeation capacity is low, the permeability is poor, the color fastness is low, and the problems of the flax fiber seriously restrict the development of high-grade flax products.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a processing method for improving the dyeing property of linen fibers for fabrics aiming at the existing problems.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a processing method for improving the dyeing property of linen fibers for fabrics comprises the following steps:

(1) soaking treatment:

immersing flax fibers in the treatment solution for soaking, and performing ultrasonic treatment with specific frequency while soaking;

(2) proton irradiation treatment:

putting the flax fibers to be treated into a low-energy proton irradiation box for irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation treatment time is 5-6 min;

(3) high-pressure treatment:

placing the flax fibers subjected to the proton irradiation treatment in the step (2) into a high-pressure tank, raising the temperature in the high-pressure tank to 100-102 ℃, raising the pressure in the high-pressure tank to 2-3 MPa, wherein the relative humidity of air in the high-pressure tank is 80-88%, quickly relieving the pressure to normal pressure after the pressure maintaining treatment is carried out for 1-2 min, and taking out the flax fibers for later use;

(4) dyeing treatment:

firstly, putting a dye at the bottom of a dyeing kettle, then winding the flax fibers subjected to high-pressure treatment in the step (3) on a spiral tube, putting the flax fibers around a stirrer in a supercritical fluid dyeing kettle, performing supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing, and taking out the ramie fibers after dyeing treatment for 13-15 min.

Further, the treating fluid in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 2-3 parts of sodium silicate, 2.3-2.7 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.9-1.1 parts of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, 2-3 parts of snake oleic acid base quaternary ammonium salt and 100-120 parts of deionized water.

Further, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave during the ultrasonic wave treatment in the step (1) is 70-74 kHz.

Further, the irradiation energy is controlled to be 200-220 keV and the beam current is 2.3-2.5 multiplied by 10 during the proton irradiation treatment in the step (2)¹¹cm^-2·s^-1The injection amount is 2 to 2.4 x 10¹⁶p/cm²。

Further, the dye in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 10-12 parts of natural colorant, 3-5 parts of rare earth stabilizer, 4-4.6 parts of phosphorous acid vinegar, 1-2 parts of epoxidized soybean oil and 90-98 parts of purified water.

Further, the natural colorant is at least one of tomato red, safflower yellow, turmeric, roselle red and capsanthin.

Further, the temperature is controlled to be 80-86 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 4-5 MPa during the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing in the step (4).

The invention provides a processing method for improving the dyeing property of flax fiber for fabrics, which is characterized in that the flax fiber is soaked in a processing liquid, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium silicate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the processing liquid are mutually cooperated to improve the supercooling degree of flax crystal and reduce the supercooling degree of the flax fiber, thereby reducing the crystallization degree of the flax fiber and improving the flexibility of the flax fiber, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide and snake oil acid base quaternary ammonium salt provide a weak alkaline environment, hydrogen bonds in flax fiber molecules and between molecules are partially broken in the processing liquid, so that the crystallization degree of the flax fiber is reduced, a crystal region is reduced, the modulus is reduced, the elongation is increased, the impregnation of a colorant is facilitated, and the dye uptake is increased, the process is carried out in an ultrasonic environment, tiny vacuoles in the treatment liquid are activated under the action of sound waves to generate stable cavitation, and cavitation bubbles oscillate for a plurality of periods in a medium in a nonlinear oscillation mode, so that other particles in the solution are subjected to a large tangential force generated by microflows around the cavitation bubbles in the oscillation process, and the action of effective components in the treatment liquid on the flax fibers can be promoted. The surface of the flax fiber is fluffed under the etching action of proton irradiation, the specific surface area of the flax fiber is increased, a certain foundation is laid for subsequent dyeing, then the flax fiber swells along with the increase of temperature and pressure, the flax fiber is quickly decompressed after maintaining and pressing for a certain time, the flexibility of the flax fiber is well improved, meanwhile, the combination degree of the flax fiber molecules is reduced, the dyeing characteristic of the flax fiber is favorably improved, and finally, the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing is carried out, the supercritical carbon dioxide can more easily enter an area with a compact fiber structure, so that the fiber has a strong plasticizing effect, the vitrification temperature of the fiber can be reduced, the mobility and the free diffusion volume of a fiber molecular chain are increased, and the dyeing efficiency is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a treatment method for improving the dyeing property of flax fibers for fabrics, which reduces the crystallinity of the flax fibers, changes the molecular arrangement of flax molecules, and improves the flexibility of the flax fibers, thereby improving the dyeing property of the flax fibers, improving the dye uptake of the flax fibers, improving the color fastness of the flax fibers, and having great market popularization and application values.

Detailed Description