阅读说明：本技术 一种3d打印方法 (3D printing method ) 是由 严生辉 张璐 孙伟洁 杜文强 杨小康 于 2021-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种3D打印方法,所述3D打印方法将承载板放置在工作箱上,通过工作箱承载承载板；将承载板周围的缝隙填平,从而保证承载板的表面平整；将胶黏剂均匀设置在承载板上,形成胶黏层,通过胶黏层粘接承载板以及其上的粉末；通过调节刮板和承载板的距离,使刮板从胶黏层的上方经过时,不与胶黏层接触；在胶黏层上进行打印,得到打印后的工件。由于承载板的价格低,本申请将承载板直接作为底部,从而降低工件的生产成本。并且胶黏剂只需将承载板以及其上的粉末粘接在一起即可,不仅使用的胶黏剂少,能够进一步降低工件的生产成本,而且渗透时间短,从而提高工件的生产效率。(The invention discloses a 3D printing method, wherein a bearing plate is placed on a working box by the 3D printing method, and the bearing plate is borne by the working box; filling gaps around the bearing plate, thereby ensuring the surface of the bearing plate to be smooth; uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer, and bonding the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate through the adhesive layer; the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted, so that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer; and printing on the adhesive layer to obtain a printed workpiece. Because the price of loading board is low, this application is direct as the bottom with the loading board to reduce the manufacturing cost of work piece. And the adhesive only needs to bond the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate together, so that the used adhesive is less, the production cost of the workpiece can be further reduced, the penetration time is short, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is improved.)

1. A3D printing method, comprising:

placing a bearing plate on the work box;

filling gaps around the bearing plate;

uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer;

adjusting the distance between a scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer;

and printing on the adhesive layer to obtain a printed workpiece.

2. The 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive has a viscosity of 500-3000 mpa.s, a pot life of 15-30 min, and a room temperature curing time of 1.5-2.5 h.

3. The 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than a thickness of the powder.

4. The 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing method further comprises:

arranging a base on the adhesive layer;

and printing on the base to obtain a printed workpiece.

5. The 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing method further comprises:

carrying out post-treatment on the workpiece to obtain a treated workpiece;

the post-treatment comprises at least one of:

performing powder cleaning treatment on the workpiece;

gluing the workpiece;

drying and curing the workpiece;

carrying out high-temperature roasting treatment on the workpiece;

cutting the workpiece;

and carrying out surface treatment on the workpiece.

6. The 3D printing method according to claim 5, wherein the drying curing process is hot air curing or microwave curing.

7. The 3D printing method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the hot air curing is 70 ℃ to 120 ℃, and the curing time is 30min to 120 min.

8. The 3D printing method according to claim 6, wherein the microwave curing power is 10KW-30KW and the curing time is 10min-25 min.

9. The 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the carrier board is any one of a fiber cement pressure board, a calcium silicate board, a bamboo plywood, a metal board, a tile board, a plastic board, and a glass board.

10. A3D printing method, comprising:

placing a bearing plate on a working box, wherein the bearing plate is a grating bearing plate;

filling gaps around the bearing plate and grid holes in the middle of the bearing plate, wherein the bearing plate is a grid bearing plate;

adjusting the distance between a scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the bearing plate when passing above the bearing plate;

and printing on the bearing plate to obtain a printed workpiece.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing method.

Background

3D printing (3DP), a technique for constructing objects by layer-by-layer printing using bondable materials such as powdered metals or plastics based on digital model files, is one of the rapid prototyping techniques, also known as additive manufacturing. The existing 3D printing requires printing a bottom with a thickness of 2cm and then printing a pattern on the bottom to form a workpiece. In order to improve the overall strength and stress of the workpiece, the bottom needs to be subjected to reinforcing material permeation treatment, namely, the whole bottom is permeated by the adhesive, so that the powder at the bottom is reliably bonded together, and the overall strength and stress of the workpiece are improved. Because the whole bottom of infiltration needs to use a large amount of gluing agent, leads to the manufacturing cost of work piece high to whole infiltration time is long, leads to the production efficiency of work piece low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a 3D printing method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the production cost of a workpiece is high due to the fact that a large amount of adhesive needs to be used when the whole bottom is permeated, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is low due to the fact that the whole permeation time is long.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a 3D printing method, comprising:

placing a bearing plate on the work box;

filling gaps around the bearing plate;

uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer;

adjusting the distance between a scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer;

and printing on the adhesive layer to obtain a printed workpiece.

Preferably, the viscosity of the adhesive is 500-3000 mpa.s, the usable time is 15-30 min, and the normal-temperature curing time is 1.5-2.5 h.

Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than the thickness of the powder.

Preferably, the 3D printing method further includes:

arranging a base on the adhesive layer;

and printing on the base to obtain a printed workpiece.

Preferably, the 3D printing method further includes:

carrying out post-treatment on the workpiece to obtain a treated workpiece;

the post-treatment comprises at least one of:

performing powder cleaning treatment on the workpiece;

gluing the workpiece;

drying and curing the workpiece;

carrying out high-temperature roasting treatment on the workpiece;

cutting the workpiece;

and carrying out surface treatment on the workpiece.

Preferably, the drying and curing treatment is hot air curing or microwave curing.

Preferably, the temperature of the hot air curing is 70-120 ℃, and the curing time is 30-120 min.

Preferably, the microwave curing power is 10KW-30KW, and the curing time is 10min-25 min.

Preferably, the bearing plate is any one of a fiber cement pressure plate, a calcium silicate plate, a bamboo plywood, a metal plate, a tile plate, a plastic plate and a glass plate.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a 3D printing method, comprising:

placing a bearing plate on a working box, wherein the bearing plate is a grating bearing plate;

filling gaps around the bearing plate and grid holes in the middle of the bearing plate;

adjusting the distance between a scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the bearing plate when passing above the bearing plate;

and printing on the bearing plate to obtain a printed workpiece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the bearing plate is placed on the working box, and is carried by the working box; filling gaps around the bearing plate, thereby ensuring the surface of the bearing plate to be smooth; uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer, and bonding the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate through the adhesive layer; the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted, so that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer; and printing on the adhesive layer to obtain a printed workpiece. Because the price of loading board is low, this application is direct as the bottom with the loading board to reduce the manufacturing cost of work piece. And the adhesive only needs to bond the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate together, so that the used adhesive is less, the production cost of the workpiece can be further reduced, the penetration time is short, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a 3D printing method according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of print thickness and adhesive thickness selection according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the workpiece weight and carrier plate selection principle according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blade and carrier plate distance selection according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a first embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a workpiece printed by a 3D printing method according to a first embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of a workpiece printed according to a 3D printing method of the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a workpiece printed according to a 3D printing method of the third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic view of a workpiece printed according to a 3D printing method of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 20 is a schematic view of a workpiece printed by the 3D printing method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a flowchart of a 3D printing method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of major process parameters of a carrier printing workpiece according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic view of a workpiece printed according to a 3D printing method of embodiment six of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, including a technical scheme, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

s100, placing the bearing plate on the work box.

Specifically, a suitable bearing plate is selected, the bearing plate is placed on the work box, and the bearing plate is borne by the work box.

S200, filling and leveling gaps around the bearing plate.

Specifically, corresponding powder is poured onto the bearing plate, and the powder is filled into gaps around the bearing plate by using a special scraper, so that the surface smoothness of the bearing plate is ensured.

S300, uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer.

Specifically, the purpose of coating the adhesive on the surface of the bearing plate is to bond the bearing plate and the powder thereon together, thereby preventing the printing of the workpiece from being layered.

The surface of the bearing plate is coated with the adhesive uniformly, the adhesive poured on the surface of the bearing plate is scraped by using a special adjustable scraper, and the thickness of the adhesive is selected according to the printed layer thickness.

Further, the thickness of the adhesive is selected according to the layer thickness printed in fig. 2.

S400, adjusting the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer.

Specifically as shown in fig. 4, according to the distance of bearing plate thickness adjustment scraper blade and loading board to guarantee that the scraper blade does not collide with the loading board, also do not take place to scratch with the gluing layer on the loading board, after the distance of adjustment scraper blade and loading board, the manual one deck powder of laying confirms no problem back, begins to print the work piece on gluing layer.

S500, printing is carried out on the adhesive layer, and a printed workpiece is obtained.

In the embodiment, the bearing plate is placed on the working box and is borne by the working box; filling gaps around the bearing plate, thereby ensuring the surface of the bearing plate to be smooth; uniformly arranging an adhesive on the bearing plate to form an adhesive layer, and bonding the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate through the adhesive layer; the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted, so that the scraper does not contact with the adhesive layer when passing through the upper part of the adhesive layer; and printing on the adhesive layer to obtain a printed workpiece. Because the price of loading board is low, this application is direct as the bottom with the loading board to reduce the manufacturing cost of work piece. And the adhesive only needs to bond the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate together, so that the used adhesive is less, the production cost of the workpiece can be further reduced, the penetration time is short, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is improved.

Specifically, in S300:

the viscosity of the adhesive is 500-3000 mpa.s. So set up, can avoid being less than 500mpa.s and lead to the mobility of gluing agent higher because of the viscosity of gluing agent for the unable even coating of gluing agent is on the loading board, thereby influences the bonding strength of loading board and powder. Meanwhile, the problem that the flowability of the adhesive is low due to the fact that the viscosity of the adhesive is larger than 3000mpa.s can be avoided, the adhesive is easy to harden, and therefore the bonding strength of the bearing plate and the powder is affected.

The usable time of the adhesive is 15min-30min, and by the arrangement, the situation that the adhesive is easy to harden in a short time due to the fact that the usable time of the adhesive is less than 10min can be avoided, and once the emergency situation is found in the printing process, the powder paved on the adhesive layer cannot penetrate into the adhesive layer, so that the bonding strength of the bearing plate and the powder is affected. Meanwhile, the problem that the subsequent waiting time is long due to the fact that the usable time of the adhesive is longer than 30min can be avoided, and therefore the production efficiency of the workpiece is affected.

The normal-temperature curing time of the adhesive is 1.5-2.5 h, and by the arrangement, the problem that stress of the adhesive cannot be completely released due to the fact that the normal-temperature curing time of the adhesive is less than 1.5h can be avoided, so that a workpiece is easy to crack, and the quality of the workpiece is affected. Meanwhile, the problem that the subsequent waiting time is long due to the fact that the normal-temperature curing time of the adhesive is shorter than 2.5 hours, and therefore the production efficiency of the workpiece is affected can be avoided.

The thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than the thickness of the powder. So set up, can make the first layer powder permeate the gluing layer completely in to make the first layer powder not only can bond together with gluing layer reliably, can bond together with second floor powder reliably moreover, thereby guarantee the bonding strength of work piece.

In this embodiment, the amount of the adhesive is calculated according to a weight formula, and then the prepared adhesive is coated on the bearing plate.

In one embodiment, the 3D printing method further includes:

and a base is arranged on the adhesive layer.

Specifically, about 8-12 layers of powder are spread on the adhesive layer, so that a base is formed on the adhesive layer, and then printing is performed on the base according to a preset pattern. Not only can pave the gluing layer through the base, can support the pattern on the base better moreover to make the pattern difficult broken. The thickness of base can be according to the corresponding thickness of laying flatly of weight design of work piece to guarantee the bonding thickness and the intensity of loading board and powder.

And printing on the base to obtain a printed workpiece.

In one embodiment, the 3D printing method further includes:

carrying out post-treatment on the workpiece to obtain a treated workpiece;

the post-treatment comprises at least one of:

and performing powder cleaning treatment on the workpiece.

Specifically, the printed workpiece is conveyed to a powder cleaning station through a roller way for powder cleaning, the floating powder in the working box is firstly sucked by a dust collector, then the whole workpiece is taken out, and the powder on the surface of the workpiece is blown clean by means of compressed air.

And gluing the workpiece.

Specifically, the workpiece after powder removal is conveyed to a gluing station through a roller way, the adhesive consumption (related to the adhesive density) required by the workpiece is calculated according to a formula, and the adhesive coating amount is quantitatively configured, so that the situations of multiple coating, missing coating and the like are avoided.

The viscosity of the adhesive is 500cps to 3000cps, preferably 500cps to 1500 cps. According to the difference of the selected adhesives, the adhesives are accurately prepared in proportion, so that the adhesives with good performance are obtained; because the curing of the adhesive is an exothermic reaction, in order to ensure that the adhesive can exert good efficacy, the proportion of the adhesive for one time is controlled within 3000g and used within 45 min.

And carrying out drying and curing treatment on the workpiece.

Specifically, the current drying and curing methods include three treatment methods, namely natural curing, heating and curing and microwave curing, and because the bearing plate and the powder are made of different materials, the whole workpiece needs to be heated, so that the problem that the workpiece is warped and deformed due to uneven release of internal stress of the workpiece is avoided, the natural curing generally needs 48 hours, the heat release amount in the process is large, the workpiece is easily warped and deformed, and the workpiece is not suitable for online production of the workpiece.

In this embodiment, the drying and curing process is hot air curing or microwave curing.

Hot air curing: and when the workpiece subjected to gluing has no quality problem, conveying the glued workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for hot air curing.

Further, the temperature of hot air curing is 70-120 ℃, and by the arrangement, the phenomenon that the efficiency of hot air curing is too low due to the fact that the temperature of hot air curing is lower than 70 ℃ can be avoided, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the bearing plate is easy to deform due to the fact that the temperature of hot air curing is higher than 120 ℃ can be avoided.

The hot air curing time is 30-120 min. Due to the arrangement, the problem that the adhesive cannot be completely hardened due to the fact that the time for curing the hot air is less than 30min, and therefore the quality of a workpiece is affected can be avoided; meanwhile, the problem that the hot air curing efficiency is too low due to the fact that the hot air curing time is longer than 120min can be avoided.

Microwave curing: the workpiece after being coated with the glue is conveyed to a microwave oven through a conveying belt for microwave curing, and the microwave curing is simultaneously heated inside and outside through violent collision of water molecules, so that the heating efficiency of the microwave curing is much higher than that of hot air curing.

Further, the microwave curing power is 10KW-30KW, and the curing time is 10min-25 min. The effect is the same as hot air curing, and the description is omitted here.

And carrying out high-temperature roasting treatment on the workpiece.

Specifically, when the powder is ceramic powder or metal powder, the work after drying and curing needs to be subjected to a high-temperature baking treatment. And (3) putting the dried and solidified workpiece into a high-temperature roasting furnace, and selecting a proper sintering process for sintering different printing materials.

And cutting the workpiece.

Specifically, the workpiece conveyed to the cutting station is cut, and the cut workpiece is cut according to the size requirement and delivered.

And carrying out surface treatment on the workpiece.

Specifically, the workpiece is finally colored by selecting a suitable material according to the requirements of the customer.

The bearing plate is any one of a fiber cement pressure plate, a calcium silicate plate, a bamboo plywood, a metal plate, a ceramic tile plate, a plastic plate and a glass plate.

The fiber cement pressure plate is a new type of building material, mainly made of fiber (serpentine asbestos), cement (silicate cement), silica powder and other additional materials, and is a cement plate for building produced by adopting a special production process through pulping, copying, ten thousand ton press pressurization and four curing procedures. The thickness of the fiber cement plate is 2.5mm-90 mm. The fiber cement pressure plate has the characteristics of high hardness, strong toughness, high flatness and the like, and can be used for the architectural decoration field by selecting a proper flat plate or grid plate according to the requirement. At present, the plate which can be used in the 3D printing industry is 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm and 24mm, the plate cost which exceeds 24mm is high, the weight is large, the advantage is small, a fiber cement mesh grid plate with a reinforcing rib structure can be selected as a bearing plate, the weight of a workpiece can be effectively reduced, and a certain foundation is laid for later-stage printing of powder cleaning of the workpiece.

The calcium silicate board is used as a novel green environment-friendly building material, has the advantages of excellent fire resistance, moisture resistance and super-long service life besides the functions of the traditional gypsum board, and is widely applied to suspended ceilings and partition walls of industrial and commercial engineering buildings, home decoration, lining boards of furniture, lining boards of billboards, shed boards of warehouses, network floors, wall boards of indoor projects such as tunnels and the like. The calcium silicate board is a non-combustible A1 grade material, and can not burn and generate toxic smoke in case of fire. The thickness of the calcium silicate plate is 4mm-30 mm. The calcium silicate board has the characteristics of high hardness, strong toughness, high flatness, moisture resistance, small deformation and the like, and can be used for the field of architectural decoration by selecting a proper board according to requirements. At present, the plate which can be used in the 3D printing industry is 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm and 24mm, the plate which exceeds 24mm is high in manufacturing cost, large in weight and small in advantage, a calcium silicate grid with a reinforcing rib structure can be selected as a bearing plate, the weight of a workpiece can be effectively reduced, and a certain foundation is laid for later-stage printing of powder cleaning of the workpiece.

The bamboo plywood is a building material which is formed by using a moso bamboo material as a main framework and a filling material and performing high-pressure blank forming. Because the bamboo plywood has the advantages of high hardness, high bending resistance, high compressive strength and the like, the bamboo plywood has replaced steel formworks in a plurality of use areas. The bamboo plywood can be divided into a cloth-sandwiched rubber board, a cloth-attached rubber board, an insulating rubber board, an oil-resistant rubber board and the like according to physical properties and chemical properties. The bamboo plywood has wide application, is suitable for horizontal formworks, shear walls, vertical wallboards, bridges, viaducts, dams, tunnels, subways and beam pile formworks in house buildings, and is also widely applied to various containers, packing boxes, bearing plates of automobiles and trains, household floors, indoor ceilings, door panels, furniture and the like. Generally, bamboo plywood with all thicknesses can be applied to the 3D printing industry in principle, and the bamboo plywood with the thicknesses of 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 18mm and the like can be used in the 3D printing industry at present due to cost and weight considerations. The plate with the thickness of more than 18mm is high in manufacturing cost, large in weight and small in advantages, the bamboo glue grid with the reinforcing rib structure can be selected as the bearing plate, the weight of a workpiece can be effectively reduced, and the advantage of the other grid lays a certain foundation for later-stage printing workpiece powder removal. The length and width of the bamboo plywood can be selected according to the size and the requirement of the printer. In addition, generally flat wooden boards can be used as carrier plates.

The metal plate includes aluminum plate, iron plate, copper plate, alloy plate, etc. and is flat plate formed through casting molten metal, cooling and pressing. The metal plate is divided into a thin plate, a thick plate and an extra thick plate according to the thickness, wherein the thickness of the thin plate is 0.2mm-4mm, the thickness of the thick plate is 4mm-60mm, and the thickness of the extra thick plate is 60mm-115 mm. The metal sheet is classified into hot rolling and cold rolling according to rolling. The metal plate has the advantages of high tensile strength, compression resistance, bending resistance, shear strength, plasticity, toughness and the like. At present, the metal plate can be used in the fields of building, aerospace, ship manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, oil pipelines and the like, generally, the metal plate with all thicknesses can be used in principle, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm and 8mm are plates which can be used in the 3D printing industry at present in consideration of cost and weight, and the length and the width of the metal plate can be selected according to the size and the requirement of a printer. Generally, the bearing plate can be divided into a metal flat plate and a metal mesh grid plate with certain reinforcing ribs, and an appropriate structure can be selected as required to be used as the bearing plate.

A ceramic tile board, called as ceramic tile, is made up of refractory metal oxide and semimetal oxide through grinding, mixing, pressing, glazing and sintering, and features high resistance to acid and alkali, building and decorative materials. The raw materials of the tile board are mostly formed by mixing clay, quartz sand and the like. At present, the ceramic tile plate with the largest use amount is used for indoor floor and wall decoration, and the ceramic tile has the advantages of water resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, long service life, prominent texture, multiple patterns, multiple types, soft texture, fineness and the like, and is wide in application range. Generally, tile plates of all thicknesses can be used, and the plates currently available in the 3D printing industry are 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm and 18mm in terms of cost and weight, and generally, the tile plates can be divided into ceramic flat plates and grid ceramic plates with certain reinforcing ribs as bearing plates, and an appropriate structure can be selected as required to be used as the bearing plates. The length and width of the tile panel can be selected according to the size and requirements of the printer. And other ceramic plates (full ceramic plates and half ceramic plates), stone plates (granite plates and marble plates) and the like can be applied to be used as bearing plates.

The plastic plate is made of plastic, which is a synthesized high molecular compound and can freely change the shape and the style. The plastic is a material obtained by polymerizing monomer raw materials through synthesis or condensation reaction, and consists of synthetic resin and additives such as filler, plasticizer, stabilizer, lubricant, pigment and the like, and the main component of the plastic is the synthetic resin. The plastic plate has the advantages of light weight, stable chemical property, good insulating property, low heat conductivity, good forming property, good coloring property, good impact resistance, good transparency, good abrasion resistance and the like, and has wide application range. In general, plastic plates of all thicknesses can be used in principle, and for reasons of cost and weight, the plates currently available in the 3D industry are 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 24mm, 28mm, 32mm, and can be divided into flat plates and plastic mesh grid plates with certain reinforcing ribs as the carrier plates, and suitable structures can be selected as required for use as the carrier plates. The length and width of the plastic plate can be selected according to the size and requirements of the printer. At present, the plastic plates comprise PP plastic plates, PVC plastic plates, PLA plastic plates, ABS plastic plates, PE plastic plates, PETG plastic plates, ASA plastic plates, PC plastic plates, PA plastic plates, PMMA plastic plates, PU plastic plates and various composite plastic plates.

Glass sheets are an amorphous, amorphous solid, and are generally transparent and have a wide range of practical, technical and decorative uses in window glass, tableware and optoelectronics. The workpiece with the thickness of 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 19mm is small in surface roughness and good in flatness, the workpiece can be generally used as a 3D printed plate material and comprises 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 19mm of glass, and the conventional glass types comprise common plate glass and special tempered glass. Generally, the carrier plate can be divided into a glass plate and a grid glass plate with certain reinforcing ribs, and an appropriate structure can be selected as required to be used as the carrier plate. The length and width of the glass plate can be selected according to the size and requirements of the printer.

The length and the width of the plate can be customized according to the length of the work box, the thickness of the plate can be selected according to the height of a workpiece, the plate is selected to be related to the material of the workpiece, the plate can be selected to be a grid or a flat plate according to actual conditions, the existing plate can be selected to be cut for use, and the plate is specifically selected as shown in figure 3, wherein the flatness requirements of a fiber cement pressure plate, a bamboo plywood, a calcium silicate plate and a plastic plate are not more than +/-0.4 mm, and the flatness requirements of a metal plate and a ceramic tile plate are not more than +/-0.1 mm.

As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

s10, placing a bearing plate on the work box, wherein the bearing plate is a grid bearing plate.

And S20, filling gaps around the bearing plate and the grid holes in the middle of the bearing plate, wherein the bearing plate is a grid bearing plate.

And S30, adjusting the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate to ensure that the scraper does not contact with the bearing plate when passing above the bearing plate.

And S40, printing on the bearing plate to obtain a printed workpiece.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Implementing one step:

as shown in fig. 6 to 7, in a first embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the fiber cement pressure plate with the size of 1200mm by 8mm is selected as the bearing plate, and the flatness of the bearing plate requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.4 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the working box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with silica sand powder with the same printing material.

Step three: selecting an adhesive with the viscosity of 2000mpa.s, the usable time of 15min and the normal-temperature curing of 60% within 2 hours, wherein the thickness of a printed layer of a printer is 0.28mm, the thickness of the adhesive for gluing is 0.34mm, and calculating and preparing a certain amount of adhesive, pouring the certain amount of adhesive on the bearing plate and scraping the adhesive by using a special scraper, thereby forming an adhesive layer on the bearing plate.

Step four: the weight of this work piece is 20kg, sets up the base on the gluing layer, and the thickness of base is 2 mm.

Step five: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.56mm, a layer of powder is manually paved, and printing is started.

Step six: and after printing is finished, standing for 20min, conveying the working box to a sand cleaning station through a roller for cleaning sand, and cleaning floating sand on the surface of the workpiece in a compressed air mode.

Step seven: and after the sand removal is finished, conveying the sand-removed workpiece to a gluing station through a roller way for gluing, and selecting 1500cps adhesive with the usable time of 40min for gluing.

Step eight: and standing the glued workpiece for 25min, and conveying the glued workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the temperature of the drying room is 80 ℃, and the curing time is 40 min.

Step nine: and conveying the dried and solidified workpiece to a cutting station for cutting, and cutting the workpiece to 1200mm by 600 mm.

Step ten: and conveying the cut workpiece to a coloring station for surface coloring, and delivering the surface-treated workpiece, wherein the final workpiece is as shown in fig. 8.

The second implementation:

as shown in fig. 9 to 10, in a second embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the grid metal steel plate with the size of 500mm 400mm 4.5mm is selected as the bearing plate, and the flatness of the bearing plate requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.2 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the working box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with zircon powder with the same printing material.

Step three: selecting an inorganic high-temperature-resistant adhesive with the viscosity of 500mpa.s, the usable time of 15min and the normal-temperature curing of 80% within 2 hours as the adhesive, wherein the thickness of the layer printed by the printer is 0.14mm, the thickness of the adhesive coated by the adhesive is 0.16mm, and preparing a certain amount of adhesive by calculation, pouring the certain amount of adhesive on the bearing plate and scraping the adhesive by using a special scraper, thereby forming an adhesive layer on the bearing plate.

Step four: the weight of this work piece is 60kg, sets up the base on the gluing layer, and the thickness of base is 3 mm.

Step five: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.28mm, a layer of powder is manually paved, and printing is started.

Step six: and after printing is finished, standing for 20min, conveying the working box to a sand cleaning station through a roller for cleaning sand, and cleaning floating sand on the surface of the workpiece in a compressed air mode.

Step seven: and after the powder cleaning is finished, conveying the cleaned workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the temperature of the drying room is 120 ℃, and the curing time is 50 min.

Step eight: and (3) placing the dried and solidified workpiece into a high-temperature sintering furnace for high-temperature roasting, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is 1100 ℃, and the roasting time is 60 min.

Step nine: and cooling the workpiece roasted at the high temperature, conveying the cooled workpiece to a cutting station for cutting, and cutting the burrs around the workpiece in order.

Step ten: the cut workpiece is conveyed to a coloring station for surface coloring, and the surface-treated workpiece is shipped, and finally the workpiece is as shown in fig. 11.

And (3) implementation:

as shown in fig. 12 to 13, in a third embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: ceramic tile plates with the size of 800mm by 12mm are selected as bearing plates, and the flatness of the bearing plates requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.1 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the working box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with copper alloy powder with the same printing material.

Step three: selecting an adhesive with the viscosity of 500mpa.s, the usable time of 15min, and the curing time of 80% at normal temperature within 2 hours, wherein the thickness of a printed layer of a printer is 0.04mm, the thickness of the adhesive for gluing is 0.06, and calculating and configuring a certain amount of adhesive, pouring the certain amount of adhesive on the bearing plate, and scraping the adhesive by using a special scraper, so that an adhesive layer is formed on the bearing plate.

Step four: the weight of this work piece is 80kg, sets up the base on the gluing layer, and the thickness of base is 1 mm.

Step five: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.07mm, a layer of powder is manually paved, and printing is started.

Step six: and after printing is finished, standing for 20min, conveying the working box to a sand cleaning station through a roller for cleaning sand, and cleaning floating sand on the surface of the workpiece in a compressed air mode.

Step seven: and after powder cleaning is finished, conveying the cleaned workpiece to a microwave drying chamber through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the power of the microwave drying chamber is 20kw, and the curing time is 20 min.

Step eight: and (3) placing the dried and solidified workpiece into a high-temperature sintering furnace for high-temperature roasting, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is 1300 ℃, and the roasting time is 120 min.

Step nine: and cooling the workpiece roasted at the high temperature, conveying the cooled workpiece to a cutting station for cutting, and cutting the burrs around the workpiece in order.

Step ten: the cut workpiece is transported to a coloring station for surface coloring, and the surface-treated workpiece is transported, and finally the workpiece is as shown in fig. 14.

And (4) implementation:

as shown in fig. 15 to 16, in a fourth embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: selecting a fiber bamboo board with the size of 1200mm by 15mm as a bearing board, wherein the flatness of the bearing board requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.4 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the working box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with ceramsite sand powder with the same material as the printing material.

Step three: selecting an adhesive with the viscosity of 2000mpa.s, the usable time of 15min and the normal-temperature curing of 60% within 2 hours, wherein the thickness of a printed layer of a printer is 0.22mm, the thickness of the adhesive for gluing is 0.28mm, and the quantitative adhesive is prepared by calculation and poured on the bearing plate and is scraped off by a special scraper, so that an adhesive layer is formed on the bearing plate.

Step four: the weight of this work piece is 50kg, sets up the base on the gluing layer, and the thickness of base is 2.5 mm.

Step five: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.42mm, a layer of powder is manually paved, and printing is started.

Step six: and after printing is finished, standing for 20min, conveying the working box to a sand cleaning station through a roller for cleaning sand, and cleaning floating sand on the surface of the workpiece in a compressed air mode.

Step seven: and conveying the sand-cleaned workpiece to a cutting station for cutting, and cutting the workpiece to 1200mm by 600 mm.

Step eight: conveying the cut workpiece to a gluing station through a roller way for gluing, and selecting a special adhesive with 1500cps and the usable time of 40min for gluing.

Step nine: and standing the glued workpiece for 25min, and conveying the glued workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the temperature of the drying room is 70 ℃, and the curing time is 45 min.

Step ten: the cut workpiece is conveyed to a coloring station for surface coloring, and the surface-treated workpiece is shipped, and finally the workpiece is as shown in fig. 17.

And fifthly, implementation:

as shown in fig. 18 to 19, in an embodiment five, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the plastic plate with the size of 1200 x 20mm is selected as the bearing plate, and the flatness of the bearing plate requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.2 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the work box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with nylon powder with the same printing material.

Step three: selecting an adhesive with the viscosity of 2000mpa.s, the usable time of 15min and the normal-temperature curing of 60% within 2 hours, wherein the thickness of a printed layer of a printer is 0.1mm, the thickness of the adhesive for gluing is 0.12mm, and the quantitative adhesive is prepared by calculation, pouring the quantitative adhesive on the bearing plate and scraping the adhesive by using a special scraper, thereby forming an adhesive layer on the bearing plate.

Step four: the weight of this work piece is 60kg, sets up the base on the gluing layer, and the thickness of base is 1.2 mm.

Step five: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.2mm, a layer of powder is manually paved, and printing is started.

Step six: and after printing is finished, standing for 20min, conveying the working box to a sand cleaning station through a roller for cleaning sand, and cleaning floating sand on the surface of the workpiece in a compressed air mode.

Step seven: conveying the sand-cleaned workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the temperature of the drying room is 70 ℃, and the curing time is 20 min.

Step eight: and cooling, drying and solidifying the workpiece, conveying the cooled workpiece to a cutting station for cutting, and cutting the burrs around the workpiece in order.

Step nine: the cut workpiece is conveyed to a coloring station for surface coloring, and the surface-treated workpiece is shipped, and finally the workpiece is as shown in fig. 20.

And sixthly, implementation:

as shown in fig. 21 to 22, in a sixth embodiment, there is provided a 3D printing method, the 3D printing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the ceramic tile grating plate with the size of 1200mm by 10mm is selected as a bearing plate, and the flatness of the bearing plate requires that the fluctuation is not more than +/-0.2 mm.

Step two: and placing the bearing plate on the working box, and filling gaps around the bearing plate with silica sand powder with the same printing material.

Step three: the distance between the scraper and the bearing plate is adjusted to be 0.6mm, the thickness of the layer printed by the printer is 0.32mm, 10 layers of sand are paved, and printing is started.

Step four: after printing, the working box is conveyed to a sand removal station through the roller for sand removal, floating sand on the surface of the workpiece is cleaned in a compressed air mode, and at the moment, the powder on the bearing plate and the powder on the bearing plate are not bonded together.

Step five: and gluing the sand-cleaned workpiece, wherein a special adhesive with the viscosity of 1500cps and the usable time of 40min is selected.

Step six: and standing the glued workpiece for 30min, and conveying the glued workpiece to a drying room through a roller way for drying and curing, wherein the temperature of the drying room is 80 ℃, and the curing time is 30 min.

Step seven: and cooling the dried and solidified workpiece for 2h, coloring the surface of the cooled workpiece, and shipping the surface-treated workpiece, wherein the final workpiece is as shown in fig. 23.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.