阅读说明：本技术 芳砜纶复合织物及其制备方法和应用 (Polysulfonamide composite fabric and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 辛斌杰 于佳 周曦 江燕婷 黄一凡 李安琪 谢翔宇 徐丽丽 严庆帅 缪雅婧 贺炎 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种芳砜纶复合织物及其制备方法和应用,其制备方法为将芳砜纶织物基材等离子处理后,磁控溅射银靶材,经涂布将双组分聚氨酯涂料均匀涂敷到芳砜纶织物基材上,本发明的芳砜纶复合织物可以在功能性纺织品方面中应用；本发明通过沉积金属银薄膜、涂敷双组分聚氨酯涂料制备芳砜纶复合织物,其中双组分聚氨酯涂料中分别添加15±1wt％钛白粉、4.5-10.5wt％陶瓷微珠和4.5-10.5wt％玻璃微珠进行协同,从而使制备的芳砜纶复合织物具有良好的隔热性能和摩擦性能,表现为耐光性好、反射率提高和隔热性能提高,进一步拓展了芳砜纶复合织物在功能性纺织品方面的应用范围；另外,本发明的制备方法简单,易于实现。(The invention has provided a compound fabric of polysulfonamide and its preparation method and application, its preparation method is after the fabric substrate plasma treatment of polysulfonamide, the silver target of magnetron sputtering, coat the double-component polyurethane coating to the fabric substrate of polysulfonamide evenly through coating, the compound fabric of polysulfonamide of this invention can be applied in the aspect of functional textile; according to the invention, the polysulfonamide composite fabric is prepared by depositing a metal silver film and coating a double-component polyurethane coating, wherein 15 +/-1 wt% of titanium dioxide, 4.5-10.5 wt% of ceramic microspheres and 4.5-10.5 wt% of glass microspheres are respectively added into the double-component polyurethane coating for cooperation, so that the prepared polysulfonamide composite fabric has good heat-insulating property and friction property, the light resistance is good, the reflectivity is improved, the heat-insulating property is improved, and the application range of the polysulfonamide composite fabric in the aspect of functional textiles is further expanded; in addition, the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.)

1. A preparation method of polysulfonamide composite fabric is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating the polysulfonamide to obtain pretreated polysulfonamide;

(2) carrying out surface etching on the pretreated polysulfonamide to obtain a treated polysulfonamide fabric;

(3) plating a nano silver film on the surface of the treated polysulfonamide fabric to obtain a silver-compounded polysulfonamide fabric;

(4) coating a bi-component polyurethane coating on the surface of the silver-compounded polysulfonamide fabric to obtain a polysulfonamide compound fabric;

the preparation process of the two-component polyurethane coating comprises the following steps:

(4-1) mixing 0.01-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 part of wetting agent and 0.5-1 part of thickening agent to obtain a first mixture;

(4-2) adding 15 +/-1 wt% of titanium dioxide, 4.5-10.5 wt% of ceramic microspheres and 4.5-10.5 wt% of glass microspheres into the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;

(4-3) adding a rigid hydroxy acrylic emulsion and a modified polyisocyanate curing agent into the second mixture to obtain the two-component polyurethane coating.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) immersing the polysulfonamide into an ethanol solution, taking out and drying to obtain the pretreated polysulfonamide.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the surface etching process comprises: and etching the dried pretreated polysulfonamide by adopting plasma equipment, wherein the parameters of the plasma etching are as follows: the temperature is 80 deg.C, and the pressure is 3.0 × 10^-3Pa, power supply power of 150-300W, processing time of 10-15min, filling gas of argon and volume flow of 10-20 sccm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the process of plating the nano silver film comprises the following steps: adjusting the distance between the magnetron sputtering coating equipment and the treated polysulfonamide fabrics to be 100mm, and vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 9.0 multiplied by 10^-4Pa, keeping the rotating speed of the substrate at 10r/min in the magnetron sputtering process, wherein the pre-sputtering time is 60-300s, the volume flow of argon is 10-20sccm, and the sputtering power is 200-350W.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the coating temperature is 110 +/-10 ℃, the pressure is 110 +/-10 pa, and the time is 5 +/-0.5 min.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4-1), the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate; the defoaming agent is polyoxypropylene propylene glycol; the wetting agent is an organic silicon wetting agent; the thickening agent is physically modified starch.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the organic silicon wetting agent is a silane coupling agent; the physically modified starch is gelatinized starch.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4-2), the particle size of the titanium dioxide is 0.36 +/-0.01 μm, the particle size of the ceramic microspheres is 2-18 μm, and the particle size of the glass microspheres is 15-120 μm.

9. An polysulfonamide composite fabric, characterized in that: which is obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the polysulfonamide composite fabric of claim 9 in functional textiles.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional textiles, and particularly relates to an polysulfonamide composite fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Sunlight is mainly composed of ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light. Infrared light is the main heat source of sunlight, and after the infrared light irradiates the body surface of a human body, one part is reflected, and the other part is absorbed by skin.

The metal silver has good infrared reflection function, and the thicker the metal silver film is, the better the infrared reflection effect is. Chinese patent CN 109881154A discloses a process for forming a metal composite layer on fiber and fabric and a product prepared by the process, and proposes that a metal silver film reflecting layer is easy to oxidize, so that the surface of the polysulfonamide fabric is uneven, the thickness of the metal silver film is different, and the heat insulation effect of the fabric is affected.

The hollow microsphere is a hollow structure substance with a larger refractive index, has the advantages of low density, light weight, low heat conduction, low oil absorption rate, high strength, good chemical stability and thermal stability and the like, and is easily dispersed into a resin solution.

Titanium dioxide is a polycrystalline compound, rutile is the most stable crystal form in titanium dioxide, Chinese patent CN 105013541A discloses a preparation method of a polymer-based photocatalytic material with photocatalytic activity and application thereof, and provides TiO₂The structure of (2) is compact, and after the titanium dioxide powder particle size is nano-sized, the performance of the titanium dioxide powder is greatly changed, such as: the specific surface area is large, the light absorption is good, and the ultraviolet absorption capacity is strong; good dispersibility, stable suspension prepared, and the like. Chinese patent: CN 101985541A discloses a polyurethane coating and a preparation method thereof, and provides nano TiO₂The composite material is compounded with high molecular polyurethane paint, and the interface binding force between the nano particles and resin is utilized to improve the heat-insulating property of the paint.

The coating technology is that the coating is a solid continuous film obtained by one-time coating, and is a thin plastic layer coated on a substrate of metal, fabric, plastic and the like for the purposes of protection, insulation, decoration and the like. The method has the disadvantages that the operation process is complex, the phenomena of bubbles, threshing, uneven dispersion and the like are often accompanied during film coating, the coating technology is greatly influenced by the environment, the utilization rate of raw materials is low, and the generated waste has great pollution to the environment.

The operation process of the aluminum foil lamination method is simple, and the aluminum foil is a reflecting material with good heat reflectivity. The lamination technique is very important in the whole process of the lamination process except for the aluminum foil and the face fabric, but the adhesive has a great influence on the external environment, such as high temperature, so that the aluminum foil lamination process is greatly limited in the use process.

Magnetron sputtering means that electrons collide with argon atoms in the process of flying to a substrate under the action of an electric field, so that the electrons are ionized to generate Ar positive ions and new electrons; new electrons fly to the substrate, Ar ions are accelerated to fly to the cathode target under the action of an electric field, and bombard the surface of the target at high energy, so that the target is sputtered. The coating technology has been developed relatively mature, and has the series advantages of high purity, small damage, good compactness, good uniformity, strong adhesive force, good process repeatability and the like. In addition, chinese patent CN 105543792A discloses a magnetron sputtering device and a magnetron sputtering method, and the magnetron sputtering technology is easy to realize industrialization because the device is simple and the film thickness can be accurately controlled. Compared with other coating technologies, the method has the advantages of easy control of operation, rich and compact and uniform film formation, environment-friendly process and no pollution.

The heat insulation fabric on the market has the characteristics of poor heat insulation performance and easy oxidation of a metal film, so that the preparation of the fabric with good heat insulation performance is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the magnetron sputtering technology and the plasma technology are combined, and then the metal film is plated on the polysulfonamide fabric through the coating technology, so that the thermal protection of the polysulfonamide composite fabric on visible light and infrared light is realized, and therefore, the invention mainly aims to provide the preparation method of the polysulfonamide composite fabric.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide the polysulfonamide composite fabric.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the polysulfonamide composite fabric.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of polysulfonamide composite fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating the polysulfonamide to obtain pretreated polysulfonamide;

(2) carrying out surface etching on the pretreated polysulfonamide to obtain a treated polysulfonamide fabric;

(3) plating a nano silver film on the surface of the treated polysulfonamide fabric to obtain a silver-compounded polysulfonamide fabric;

(4) and coating the double-component polyurethane coating on the surface of the silver-compounded polysulfonamide fabric to obtain the polysulfonamide compound fabric.

The preparation process of the two-component polyurethane coating comprises the following steps:

(4-1) mixing 0.01-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 part of wetting agent and 0.5-1 part of thickening agent to obtain a first mixture;

(4-2) adding 15 +/-1 wt% of titanium dioxide, 4.5-10.5 wt% of ceramic microspheres and 4.5-10.5 wt% of glass microspheres into the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;

and (4-3) adding a rigid hydroxy acrylic emulsion and a modified polyisocyanate curing agent into the second mixture to obtain the two-component polyurethane coating.

Preferably, in step (1), the pretreatment process is as follows: and (3) immersing the polysulfonamide into an ethanol solution, taking out and drying to obtain the pretreated polysulfonamide.

Preferably, in step (2), the surface etching process is as follows: and etching the dried pretreated polysulfonamide by adopting plasma equipment, wherein the parameters of the plasma etching are as follows: the temperature is 80 deg.C, and the pressure is 3.0 × 10^-3Pa, power supply power of 150-300W, processing time of 10-15min, filling gas of argon and volume flow of 10-20 sccm.

Preferably, in the step (3), the process of plating the nano silver film is as follows: adjusting the distance between the magnetron sputtering coating equipment and the treated polysulfonamide fabrics to be 100mm, and vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 9.0 multiplied by 10^-4Pa, keeping the rotating speed of the substrate at 10r/min in the magnetron sputtering process, wherein the pre-sputtering time is 60-300s, the volume flow of argon is 10-20sccm, and the sputtering power is 200-350W.

Preferably, in the step (4), the coating temperature is 110 +/-10 ℃, the pressure is 110 +/-10 pa, and the time is 5 +/-0.5 min.

Preferably, in the step (4-1), the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate; the defoaming agent is polyoxypropylene propylene glycol; the wetting agent is an organic silicon wetting agent; the thickener is physically modified starch.

Preferably, the silicone-based wetting agent is a silane coupling agent; the physically modified starch is gelatinized starch.

Preferably, in the step (4-2), the particle size of the titanium dioxide is 0.36 +/-0.01 μm, the particle size of the ceramic beads is 2-18 μm, and the particle size of the glass beads is 15-120 μm.

An polysulfonamide composite fabric obtained by the preparation method.

The polysulfonamide composite fabric is applied to the aspect of functional textiles.

Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the polysulfonamide composite fabric is prepared by depositing a metal silver film and coating a double-component polyurethane coating, wherein 15 +/-1 wt% of titanium dioxide, 4.5-10.5 wt% of ceramic microspheres and 4.5-10.5 wt% of glass microspheres are respectively added into the double-component polyurethane coating for cooperation, so that the prepared polysulfonamide composite fabric has good heat-insulating property and friction property, and the specific performance is good light resistance, improved reflectivity and improved heat-insulating property, and the application range of the polysulfonamide composite fabric in the aspect of functional textiles is further expanded; in addition, the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process of the polysulfonamide composite fabric of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the polysulfonamide composite fabric of the present invention

Detailed Description

The invention provides an polysulfonamide composite fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.

< preparation method of polysulfonamide composite fabrics >

As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the polysulfonamide composite fabric of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of polysulfonamide fabrics: and soaking the polysulfonamide into an ethanol solution, taking out the polysulfonamide after 30min, washing the polysulfonamide by using distilled water to remove the solvent ethanol, and putting the polysulfonamide into an oven for drying to obtain the pretreated polysulfonamide.

(2) Plasma-treated polysulfonamide fabrics: performing surface etching on the dried pretreated polysulfonamide by adopting low-temperature vacuum PECVD-601 chamber plasma vapor deposition equipment, wherein the parameters of the plasma etching are as follows: the temperature can be 80 deg.C, and the pressure can be 3.0 × 10^-3Pa, the power supply power can be 150-300W, the treatment time can be 10-15min, the filling gas is argon, and the volume flow can be 10-20sccm, so as to obtain the treated polysulfonamide fiber fabric.

(3) The preparation process of the silver compounded polysulfonamide fabric (polysulfonamide/Ag compound fabric) comprises the following steps: plating a nano silver film (the silver film is a film with a net structure formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of silver particles which are partially embedded into an polysulfonamide fabric base material and fill gaps of the polysulfonamide fabric base material so as to be attached to the surface of the polysulfonamide fabric base material) on the treated polysulfonamide fabric by adopting an MSP-300C type magnetron sputtering coating instrument, adjusting and keeping the distance between magnetron sputtering coating equipment (namely a silver target material) and the treated polysulfonamide fabric to be 100mm, and vacuumizing a magnetron sputtering vacuum cavity until the vacuum degree can be 9.0 multiplied by 10^-4Pa, performing magnetron sputtering. In order to improve the uniformity of the plated nano silver film, the rotation speed of the substrate is kept at 10r/min in the magnetron sputtering process, meanwhile, in order to prevent impurities on the surface of the fabric from being deposited on the silver film, pre-sputtering is required, the pre-sputtering time can be 60-300s, the volume flow of argon can be 10-20sccm, and sputtering can be carried out for 5-25min under the sputtering power of 200-350W, so that the silver composite polysulfonamide fabric is obtained.

(4) Preparing a double-component polyurethane coating: one group of the two-component polyurethane coating is rigid hydroxyl acrylic emulsion, and the other group is modified polyisocyanate curing agent.

The hydroxyl acrylic emulsion takes vinyl silane coupling agent as cross-linking agent, firstly, the vinyl silane coupling agent and acrylate monomer are copolymerized, and then, the hydroxyl-containing vinyl monomer and acrylate monomer are copolymerized to form enriched hydroxyl, so as to obtain hydroxyl acrylic emulsion; the emulsion has hydroxyl with strong hydrophilicity, and the obtained bi-component waterborne polyurethane has high crosslinking density and low production cost; the anti-sagging property of the high-solid paint during vertical surface coating, the thickness and the appearance of a coating film can be prevented, and the curing speed of the paint is improved. The other group is modified polyisocyanate curing agent which is prepared by taking polyglycol monoether, polyisocyanate and sulfamate as raw materials, and the curing agent contains hydrophilic groups such as sulfonic group, ether group and the like, so that the curing agent can be well dispersed in water.

Specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(4-1), accurately weighing 0.01-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 part of wetting agent and 0.5-1 part of thickening agent, and adding the weighed materials into deionized water to obtain a first mixture.

Wherein the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate. The defoaming agent is polyoxypropylene propylene glycol. The wetting agent is an organic silicon wetting agent, the organic silicon wetting agent is a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane. The thickening agent is physically modified starch, and the physically modified starch is gelatinized starch.

(4-2) stirring the first mixture at a low speed under the action of an SFJ-400 stirring dispersion machine, and simultaneously adding 15 +/-1 wt% of titanium dioxide, 4.5-10.5 wt% of ceramic microspheres and 4.5-10.5 wt% of glass microspheres as fillers to obtain a second mixture; the rotating speed can be about 3000r/min, the stirring is carried out for about 30min, and after the fineness of the colloidal solution is less than 300 mu m, rigid hydroxy acrylic emulsion, modified polyisocyanate curing agent and defoaming agent are added to reduce bubbles generated in the stirring process; the rotation speed can be adjusted to be 1500 plus materials 1800r/min, the stirring is carried out for 5min, if the state of the coating is thinner, 0.5-1 part of thickening agent, glass beads, deionized water and the like are properly added, the rotation speed can be adjusted to be 400 plus materials 700r/min, the stirring is carried out for about 10min, and the two-component polyurethane coating is obtained according to different formulas.

Wherein, the type of the titanium dioxide is R706 type, the grain size can be 0.36 μm, the grain size of the ceramic micro-bead can be 2-18 μm, and the grain size of the glass micro-bead can be 15-120 μm.

(5) The preparation process of the polysulfonamide composite fabric comprises the following steps: and (3) coating the surface of the silver compounded polysulfonamide fabric with the double-component polyurethane coating on a coating machine to obtain the polysulfonamide compound fabric.

Wherein, the coating temperature can be 110 + -10 ℃, the pressure can be 110 + -10 pa, and the time can be 5 + -0.5 min.

In summary, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention prepares a novel thermal insulation polysulfonamide composite fabric by magnetron sputtering physical deposition technology and plasma chemical vapor deposition technology, so as to realize thermal protection of the polysulfonamide composite fabric against visible light and infrared light.

< polysulfonamide composite Fabric >

The polysulfonamide composite fabric is obtained by the preparation method.

< application of polysulfonamide composite fabrics >

The polysulfonamide composite fabric can be applied to the aspect of functional textiles.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.