阅读说明：本技术 一种油缸护板装置及液压挖掘机 (Hydro-cylinder backplate device and hydraulic shovel ) 是由 曹宇 杨真真 张洋 王全永 许文辉 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种油缸护板装置及液压挖掘机,包括铰接机构、固定机构、护板机构和支撑机构；铰接机构包括与油缸活塞杆末端转动连接的销轴,固定机构包括L型板,所述护板机构包括设于油缸上方的护板体,L型板的一端与销轴转动连接,另一端与护板体固定连接,所述护板体面向油缸的一面设有滑槽；支撑机构包括安装于油缸缸筒外部的卡箍、与卡箍相连的立板以及安装于立板两侧的滑动件,所述滑动件设于滑槽内且能够沿滑槽滑动；油缸伸缩时,护板机构始终与油缸的安装平面平行且距离不变。本发明的护板体能够随油缸伸缩而自由活动,有效保护油缸整体,通用性强,且结构简单,制造成本低。(The invention discloses an oil cylinder guard plate device and a hydraulic excavator, which comprise a hinge mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a guard plate mechanism and a supporting mechanism, wherein the hinge mechanism is arranged on the oil cylinder guard plate device; the hinge mechanism comprises a pin shaft which is rotatably connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder, the fixing mechanism comprises an L-shaped plate, the protecting plate mechanism comprises a protecting plate body arranged above the oil cylinder, one end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected with the pin shaft, the other end of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the protecting plate body, and one surface of the protecting plate body facing the oil cylinder is provided with a sliding groove; the supporting mechanism comprises a clamp arranged outside the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder, a vertical plate connected with the clamp and sliding pieces arranged on two sides of the vertical plate, and the sliding pieces are arranged in the sliding grooves and can slide along the sliding grooves; when the oil cylinder stretches, the guard plate mechanism is always parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder and the distance is unchanged. The plate protection body can freely move along with the expansion of the oil cylinder, effectively protects the whole oil cylinder, and has strong universality, simple structure and low manufacturing cost.)

1. A hydro-cylinder backplate device is characterized by comprising a hinge mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a backplate mechanism and a supporting mechanism;

the hinge mechanism comprises a pin shaft which is rotatably connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder, the fixing mechanism comprises an L-shaped plate, the protecting plate mechanism comprises a protecting plate body which is arranged above the oil cylinder, one end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected with the pin shaft, the other end of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the protecting plate body, and one surface of the protecting plate body, which faces the oil cylinder, is provided with a sliding groove;

the supporting mechanism comprises a clamp arranged outside the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder, a vertical plate connected with the clamp and sliding pieces arranged on two sides of the vertical plate, and the sliding pieces are arranged in the sliding grooves and can slide along the sliding grooves;

when the oil cylinder stretches, the guard plate mechanism is always parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder and the distance of the guard plate mechanism is unchanged.

2. The cylinder guard plate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hinge mechanism further comprises a connecting rod disposed on both sides of the piston rod of the cylinder and a rocker disposed on both sides of the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod and one end of the rocker are respectively hinged to the pin, the other end of the connecting rod and the other end of the rocker are respectively hinged to the base member, and a bushing is disposed between the rocker and the pin.

3. The cylinder guard apparatus of claim 1, wherein the L-shaped plate includes vertically connected riser and cross plates;

the vertical plate is provided with a shaft hole for accommodating a pin shaft to pass through, the vertical plate is connected with a lantern ring, the lantern ring and the shaft hole are coaxially arranged, and a lantern ring hole for inserting a fixing bolt is formed in the lantern ring;

the diaphragm is equipped with a plurality of first bolt holes and surrounds the piece that protects of first bolt hole, the one end of protecting the plate body is equipped with the second bolt hole corresponding with first bolt hole and is located the first nut of second bolt hole below.

4. The cylinder guard apparatus of claim 1 wherein the guard plate is mounted parallel to a mounting plane of the cylinder, and wherein the vertical distance between the central axis of the pin and the upper surface of the guard plate is equal to the vertical distance between the central axis of the cylinder barrel and the upper surface of the guard plate.

5. The hydro-cylinder guard plate device according to claim 1, characterized in that a sliding groove and a redundant sliding groove which are separated by a partition plate are arranged in the middle of the guard plate body, the sliding groove and the redundant sliding groove are identical in structure and respectively comprise two L-shaped groove plates which are symmetrically arranged, and the length of the motion stroke of the hydro-cylinder is smaller than that of the sliding groove.

6. The hydro-cylinder backplate device of claim 5, wherein the backplate body comprises a trapezoidal structure consisting of a main plate and side plates at two sides of the main plate, inner ribs and outer ribs are arranged between the side plates and the sliding grooves and between the side plates and the redundant sliding grooves, the inner ribs are arranged at the inner side of the backplate body, the outer ribs are arranged at two ends of the backplate body, and the outer ribs are provided with through holes and second nuts positioned at the inner sides of the through holes.

7. The hydro-cylinder guard plate device according to claim 6, wherein the guard plate body is provided with a baffle outside two ends, the baffle is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the second nut, and the baffle and the guard plate body pass through the mounting hole, the through hole and the second nut through bolts to realize fixed mounting.

8. The hydro-cylinder guard plate device of claim 1, characterized in that the clamp includes first half clamp and second half clamp that the symmetry set up, first half clamp and second half clamp realize fixed connection through supporting bolt and nut.

9. The hydro-cylinder guard plate device according to claim 1, characterized in that a support rib is arranged between the hoop and the vertical plate, fixed blocks are fixedly connected to two sides of the upper portion of the vertical plate, the sliding piece is installed on the fixed blocks through fixed pins, and the sliding piece is a bearing or a square sliding block.

10. A hydraulic excavator comprising the cylinder head guard device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an oil cylinder guard plate device and a hydraulic excavator.

Background

Engineering machinery such as excavator, loader can be applied to under the high temperature and dregs circumstances of splashing sometimes, if effective protection is not accomplished on hydro-cylinder piston rod surface, under the striking of high temperature flying slag, fish tail and pit take place easily on bright piston rod surface, can cause serious influence to the holistic leakproofness of hydro-cylinder like this, finally lead to the hydro-cylinder to draw the jar and leak oil, lead to the hydro-cylinder to damage the inefficacy.

Considering that the oil cylinder is telescopic, the existing oil cylinder protection scheme generally adopts the mode that a telescopic protective cover is directly sleeved on the oil cylinder, the structure of the oil cylinder is similar to the telescopic position of a suction pipe, the oil cylinder is generally made of plastics and cloth, the protection capability is limited, and the oil cylinder is flammable and easy to age; or the oil cylinder is bound or welded with a fixed structure to form a guard plate, however, the structure needs to occupy the telescopic space of the oil cylinder or needs to be specially customized, and the universality is difficult to realize structurally. A hydraulic shovel and hydraulic shovel hydro-cylinder protector (CN 210797713U) thereof of prior patent have introduced protector of hydro-cylinder, including gimbal mechanism and guard plate mechanism, but its guard plate fixed position has taken up hydro-cylinder pole space, and actual hydro-cylinder itself still has various valve blocks, the pipeline, structures such as interface, these structures often take up great space, it sets up continuous fixed slide on the full length of hydro-cylinder barrel to be difficult to, in addition, this hydro-cylinder protector's fixed whole fastening by the frictional force of clamp, and the whole weight of arc board is great, take place dislocation and skew very easily under environments such as hydro-cylinder vibration, lead to whole orbital deformation and inefficacy easily under the huge thrust of hydro-cylinder.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an oil cylinder protection plate device and a hydraulic excavator.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

an oil cylinder guard plate device comprises a hinge mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a guard plate mechanism and a supporting mechanism;

the hinge mechanism comprises a pin shaft which is rotatably connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder, the fixing mechanism comprises an L-shaped plate, the protecting plate mechanism comprises a protecting plate body which is arranged above the oil cylinder, one end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected with the pin shaft, the other end of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the protecting plate body, and one surface of the protecting plate body, which faces the oil cylinder, is provided with a sliding groove;

the supporting mechanism comprises a clamp arranged outside the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder, a vertical plate connected with the clamp and sliding pieces arranged on two sides of the vertical plate, and the sliding pieces are arranged in the sliding grooves and can slide along the sliding grooves;

when the oil cylinder stretches, the guard plate mechanism is always parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder and the distance of the guard plate mechanism is unchanged.

Furthermore, the hinge mechanism further comprises a connecting rod arranged on two sides of the piston rod of the oil cylinder and a rocker arranged on two sides of the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod and one end of the rocker are respectively hinged with the pin shaft, the other end of the connecting rod and the other end of the rocker are respectively hinged with the base part, and a shaft sleeve is arranged between the rocker and the pin shaft.

Further, the L-shaped plate comprises a vertical plate and a transverse plate which are vertically connected; the vertical plate is provided with a shaft hole for accommodating a pin shaft to pass through, the vertical plate is connected with a lantern ring, the lantern ring and the shaft hole are coaxially arranged, and a lantern ring hole for inserting a fixing bolt is formed in the lantern ring; the diaphragm is equipped with a plurality of first bolt holes and surrounds the piece that protects of first bolt hole, the one end of protecting the plate body is equipped with the second bolt hole corresponding with first bolt hole and is located the first nut of second bolt hole below.

Furthermore, the guard plate body is arranged in parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder, and the vertical distance between the central axis of the pin shaft and the upper surface of the guard plate body is equal to the vertical distance between the central axis of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder and the upper surface of the guard plate body.

Furthermore, the middle part of the plate protection body is provided with a sliding groove and a redundant sliding groove which are arranged by partition plates, the sliding groove and the redundant sliding groove are identical in structure and respectively comprise two L-shaped groove plates which are symmetrically arranged, and the movement stroke length of the oil cylinder is smaller than that of the sliding groove.

Further, the plate protection body comprises a main plate and side plates located on two sides of the main plate to form a trapezoidal structure, an inner rib and an outer rib are arranged between the side plates of the plate protection body and the sliding grooves and between the side plates of the plate protection body and the redundant sliding grooves, the inner rib is arranged on the inner side of the plate protection body, the outer ribs are arranged at two ends of the plate protection body, and a through hole and a second nut located on the inner side of the through hole are arranged on the outer ribs.

Furthermore, the outside of the both ends of the backplate body is equipped with the baffle, be equipped with the mounting hole that corresponds with the second nut on the baffle, the baffle passes mounting hole, through-hole and second nut through the bolt with the backplate body and realizes fixed mounting.

Further, the clamp includes half first clamp and the half clamp of second that the symmetry set up, fixed connection is realized through supporting bolt and nut to half first clamp and the half clamp of second.

Furthermore, a supporting rib is arranged between the clamp and the vertical plate, fixed blocks are fixedly connected to two sides of the upper portion of the vertical plate, the sliding piece is installed on the fixed blocks through fixed pins, and the sliding piece is a bearing or a square sliding block.

A hydraulic excavator comprises the oil cylinder guard plate device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the hinge mechanism is connected with the tail end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder and is not contacted with the piston rod body, so that a pipeline and a valve block of the oil cylinder can be effectively avoided, and the installation and the expansion amount of the oil cylinder can not be influenced;

(2) the clamp is connected with the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder, and compared with a full clamp installation mode in the prior art, the clamp has the advantages that the fastening effect is more reliable, and the torsional deformation is not easy to occur;

(3) the support mechanism comprises the vertical plate connected with the clamp, and the vertical distance between the plate protecting body and the oil cylinder can be changed by adjusting the height of the vertical plate, so that pipelines and valve blocks on various oil cylinders are effectively avoided, the support mechanism can be suitable for oil cylinders with various shapes, and is wide in application range and high in universality;

(4) when the oil cylinder works and stretches, the protection plate body stretches along with the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the sliding piece moves in the sliding groove, so that the protection plate mechanism is always parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder and has a constant distance, the oil cylinder is effectively protected, no collision occurs in the movement process, the oil cylinder and the protection plate body are not easy to damage, and the safety is high;

(5) the invention has compact and simple structure, convenient manufacture and low production cost, mainly adopts an assembly structure and an assembly structure, and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a cylinder head guard assembly;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the cylinder guard assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the securing mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sheeting mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a support mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the baffle;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the mounting structure of the cylinder head skirt device;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a support mechanism in embodiment 2;

labeled as: 1. a base member; 2. a cylinder piston rod; 3. an oil cylinder barrel; 4. a connecting rod; 5. a rocker; 6. a pin shaft; 7. a shaft sleeve; 8. a second bolt washer; 9. a first bolt washer; 10. a fixing mechanism; 11. an L-shaped plate; 12. a collar; 13. a collar hole; 14. protecting the block; 15. a first bolt hole; 16. a shaft hole; 20. a guard plate mechanism; 21. a plate protection body; 22. an inner rib; 23. a chute; 24. a partition plate; 25. a redundant chute; 26. an outer rib; 27. a first nut; 28. a second nut; 30. a support mechanism; 31. a first half clamp; 32. a second half-collar; 33. a vertical plate; 34. supporting ribs; 35. a fixed block; 36. a slider; 37. a fixing pin; 38. a nut; 39. a square slider; 40. a baffle plate; 41. and (7) installing holes.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a cylinder head guard device, which includes a hinge mechanism, a fixing mechanism 10, a guard mechanism 20, and a support mechanism 30; the hinge mechanism comprises a pin shaft 6 rotatably connected with the tail end of the piston rod 2 of the oil cylinder, the fixing mechanism 10 comprises an L-shaped plate 11, the guard plate mechanism 20 comprises a guard plate body 21 arranged above the oil cylinder, one end of the L-shaped plate 11 is rotatably connected with the pin shaft 6, the other end of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the guard plate body 21, and one surface of the guard plate body 21 facing the oil cylinder is provided with a sliding groove 23; the supporting mechanism 30 comprises a hoop arranged outside the oil cylinder barrel 3, a vertical plate 33 connected with the hoop and sliding pieces 36 arranged on two sides of the vertical plate 33, and the sliding pieces 36 are arranged in the sliding grooves 23 and can slide along the sliding grooves 23; when the oil cylinder extends, the guard plate mechanism 20 is always parallel to the installation plane of the oil cylinder and the distance is unchanged.

As shown in fig. 2, the hinge mechanism further includes a connecting rod 4 disposed on two sides of the piston rod 2 of the oil cylinder and a rocker 5 disposed on two sides of the connecting rod 4, one end of the connecting rod 4 and one end of the rocker 5 are respectively hinged to the pin 6, the other end of the connecting rod 4 and the other end of the rocker 5 are respectively hinged to the base member 1, and a shaft sleeve 7 is disposed between the rocker 5 and the pin 6. When the base part 1 is of a certain structure of the excavator, one end of the connecting rod 4 is hinged with the pin shaft 6, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the bucket, one end of the rocker 5 is hinged with the pin shaft 6, and the other end of the rocker is hinged with the bucket rod. The oil cylinder piston rod 2, the connecting rod 4, the rocker 5 and the L-shaped plate can rotate around the pin shaft 6, and a multiple-hinge mechanism is formed.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the L-shaped panels 11 include vertically connected riser and cross panels; the vertical plate is provided with a shaft hole 16 for accommodating the pin shaft 6 to pass through, the vertical plate is connected with a lantern ring 12, the lantern ring 12 and the shaft hole 16 are coaxially arranged, and a lantern ring hole 13 for inserting a fixing bolt is formed in the lantern ring 12; the diaphragm is equipped with a plurality of first bolt holes 15 and surrounds the piece 14 that protects of first bolt hole 15, the one end of protecting plate body 21 is equipped with the second bolt hole corresponding with first bolt hole 15 and is located the first nut 27 of second bolt hole below, pass first bolt hole 15 in proper order with first bolt, second bolt hole and first nut 27, can realize protecting plate body 21 and L template 11's fixed connection, be equipped with first bolt gasket 9 between first bolt and the first bolt hole 15, it is used for protecting first bolt hole 15 and first bolt to protect piece 14.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the guard plate body 21 is installed parallel to the mounting plane of the cylinder, and the vertical distance H1 between the central axis of the pin shaft 6 and the upper surface of the guard plate body 21 is equal to the vertical distance H2 between the central axis of the cylinder tube 3 and the upper surface of the guard plate body 21. As shown in fig. 4, the middle part of the guard plate body 21 is provided with a chute 23 and a redundant chute 25 which are separated by a partition plate 24, the chute 23 and the redundant chute 25 have the same structure and both comprise two L-shaped chute plates which are symmetrically arranged, the length of the movement stroke of the oil cylinder is smaller than that of the chute 23, and the oil cylinder is ensured not to generate any interference collision in the movement process.

As shown in fig. 4, the plate protection body 21 has a trapezoidal structure formed by a main plate and side plates located at two sides of the main plate, and the width of the plate protection body needs to meet the requirement of the protection range of the oil cylinder, and the length of the plate protection body meets the size requirements of the extension and installation of the oil cylinder. In order to ensure the bearing strength of the structure, an inner rib 22 and an outer rib 26 are arranged between the side plate of the guard plate body 21 and the sliding groove 23 and between the side plate of the guard plate body 21 and the redundant sliding groove 25, the outline of the outer rib is just attached to the edges of the guard plate body 21 and the two sliding grooves, the inner rib 22 is arranged at the inner side of the guard plate body 21, the outer rib 26 is arranged at the two ends of the guard plate body 21, and the outer rib 26 is provided with a through hole and a second nut 28 positioned at the inner side of the through hole.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the baffle plates 40 are disposed outside the two ends of the guard plate body 21, the baffle plates 40 are provided with mounting holes 41 corresponding to the second nuts 28, the baffle plates 40 and the guard plate body 21 sequentially pass through the mounting holes 41, the through holes and the second nuts 28 through second bolts to realize fixed mounting, and second bolt spacers 8 are disposed between the second bolts and the mounting holes 41. The two blocking plates 40 can just block the two ends of the guard plate mechanism 20, and the possibility of foreign matters entering the sliding groove 23 is reduced to the maximum extent.

As shown in fig. 5, the clamp includes a first half clamp 31 and a second half clamp 32 which are symmetrically arranged, the first half clamp 31 and the second half clamp 32 are buckled on the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 3, and then fixed connection is realized through a matched bolt and nut 38. Be equipped with brace rod 34 between clamp and the riser 33, riser 33 upper portion both sides fixedly connected with fixed block 35, slider 36 installs on fixed block 35 through fixed pin 37, and slider 36 is the bearing in this embodiment, guarantees that the motion in spout 23 only receives rolling friction, can greatly reduced to the wearing and tearing of spout 23 and lubricated maintenance requirement.

The mounting mode of the oil cylinder protection plate device provided by the embodiment is as follows: 1) assembling and installing corresponding parts to obtain a fixing mechanism 10, a guard plate mechanism 20 and a supporting mechanism 30, and embedding a rocker 5 and a shaft sleeve 7; 2) according to the figure 2, the connecting rod 4 is arranged on two sides of the oil cylinder piston rod 5 through the pin shaft 6, the rocker 5 is arranged on two sides of the connecting rod 4, and then two L-shaped plates 11 are arranged, so that the oil cylinder piston rod 2, the connecting rod 4, the rocker 5 and the L-shaped plate 10 can rotate around the pin shaft 6, and a multiple-repeated-hinge mechanism is formed; 3) the supporting mechanism 30 is installed perpendicular to an oil cylinder installation plane, the sliding piece 36 is installed in the sliding groove 23 of the protecting plate body 21, then the position of the protecting plate body 21 is moved, the L-shaped plate 11 is adjusted at the same time, the first bolt hole 15 and the second bolt hole are ensured to be corresponding, then the protecting plate body 21 and the L-shaped plate 11 are fixedly connected through a first bolt and a first bolt gasket 9, H1= H2 is ensured after installation, the height installation gap H between the sliding piece 36 and the sliding groove 23 is less than or equal to 1mm, and the width installation gap L between the vertical plate 33 and the sliding groove 23 is less than or equal to 2 mm; 4) and finally, two groups of baffle plates 40 are arranged through the second bolt and the second bolt gasket 8 to seal the guard plate mechanism.

The operating principle of the hydro-cylinder backplate device that this embodiment provided does: the machine is started to enable the oil cylinder to stretch, the guard plate body 21 stretches along with the piston rod 2 of the oil cylinder, and the sliding piece 36 moves in the sliding groove 23, so that the guard plate mechanism 20 is always parallel to the mounting plane of the oil cylinder and has a constant distance, the oil cylinder is effectively protected, no collision occurs in the movement process, the device and the oil cylinder are not easy to damage, and the safety is high; in addition, the stroke length of the movement of the oil cylinder is just smaller than the length of the sliding chute 23, so that the oil cylinder is ensured not to generate any interference collision in the movement process; while the partition 24 ensures effective slide closure.

The hinge mechanism is connected with the tail end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder and is not contacted with the piston rod body, so that a pipeline and a valve block of the oil cylinder can be effectively avoided, and the installation and the expansion amount of the oil cylinder can not be influenced; compared with the full hoop installation mode in the prior art, the clamping device is more reliable in fastening effect and not easy to generate torsional deformation; the vertical distance between the plate protecting body and the oil cylinder can be changed by adjusting the height of the vertical plate, so that pipelines and valve blocks on various oil cylinders are effectively avoided, the oil cylinder protection device is suitable for oil cylinders with various shapes, and has wide application range and strong universality; the device has compact and simple structure, convenient manufacture and low production cost, mainly adopts a component and an assembly structure, and is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, a cylinder guard plate device is provided, in which a sliding member is a square sliding block 39, and a grease filling pipeline may be provided to avoid corrosion in a slide way and reduce frictional resistance; alternatively, bristles may be provided on the outside of the chute 23 to block dirt from entering the chute.

Other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

Example 3

A hydraulic excavator comprising the cylinder head guard device according to embodiment 1 or 2.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.