阅读说明：本技术 一种三层复合自润滑材料及其制备方法 (Three-layer composite self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 路凯丰 章然 张玉立 刘岳 黄后勇 张广华 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种三层复合自润滑材料及其制备方法,属于自润滑材料领域。三层复合自润滑材料包括金属基体层、烧结于金属基体层一面的球状多孔铜粉层和嵌入并覆盖球状多孔铜粉层的自润滑减摩耐磨层,自润滑减摩耐磨层包括芳纶、酚醛树脂、铁红、二硫化钼、聚酰胺酰亚胺,其余为聚四氟乙烯。本发明在自润滑减摩耐磨层中加入了具有较低摩擦系数和优异耐磨性能的芳纶、聚酰胺酰亚胺、二硫化钼、酚醛树脂和铁红等添加物,使其不仅具有低的摩擦系数和优异的耐磨性能,同时使制成的自润滑三层复合材料在干摩擦、油润滑和脂润滑条件下都有较好的耐摩擦磨损性能,尤其是在油润滑与干摩擦交替的工况条件下,进一步扩大了自润滑三层复合材料的应用范围。(The invention discloses a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of self-lubricating materials. The three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises a metal base body layer, a spherical porous copper powder layer sintered on one surface of the metal base body layer and a self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer embedded into and covering the spherical porous copper powder layer, wherein the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer comprises aramid fibers, phenolic resin, iron oxide red, molybdenum disulfide, polyamide imide, and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene. The invention adds the additives of aramid fiber, polyamide-imide, molybdenum disulfide, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and the like with lower friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance into the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer, so that the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer has low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, and simultaneously the prepared self-lubricating three-layer composite material has better friction and wear resistance under the conditions of dry friction, oil lubrication and grease lubrication, and particularly under the condition of alternate working conditions of oil lubrication and dry friction, the application range of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material is further expanded.)

1. Copper bisque and embedding and cover the self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer on globular porous copper bisque, its characterized in that: the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene.

2. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the metal matrix layer is 0.15-10mm, the thickness of the spherical porous copper powder layer is 0.04-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer is 0.01-0.2 mm.

3. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the copper powder in the spherical porous copper powder layer is tin bronze, and the spherical porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5-11% of tin, 0-4% of zinc and the balance of copper.

4. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the particle size of the tin bronze is 100-200 meshes.

5. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal substrate layer is made of carbon structural steel.

6. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aramid fiber is powdery particles with the particle size less than or equal to 160 um.

7. Three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyamide-imide is at least one of polyamide-imide resin and polyamide-imide dispersion liquid.

8. A process for the preparation of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

A. sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer on the metal substrate layer to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;

B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:

(1) mixing powder: mixing aramid fiber, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and molybdenum disulfide according to percentage to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;

(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid or the polyamide-imide resin into a liquid stirrer according to the proportion, and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;

(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2) and stirring in a liquid stirrer to obtain a mixture;

(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3), and demulsifying under the stirring condition to prepare pug;

C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.01-0.2 mm;

D. drying: drying at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 220 ℃ for 15-60 minutes;

E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.02-0.1 mm;

F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at the temperature of between 360 and 390 ℃ for 10 to 60 min;

G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.02-0.04 mm;

H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of self-lubricating materials, and particularly relates to a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Three-layer composites in oil-free sliding elements were first developed by glasiasia, england, before and after 1958. The material is prepared by sintering one or more layers of porous bronze powder with a thickness of about 0.04mm to about 0.25mm on a steel plate with a thickness of about 0.2mm to about 10mm as an intermediate layer. Then, a polymer lining layer which is soaked into the middle layer is adhered on the surface. The porous bronze intermediate layer improves the strength and the thermal conductivity of the polymer, and the polymer linings on the two surfaces have the advantages of good friction-speed performance, difficult bite, difficult crawling and the like. With the development of the three-layer composite material, the requirements on the working condition of the three-layer composite material are stricter.

The sliding element made of three-layer composite self-lubricating material is mostly used in dry friction working condition, and the effect is not ideal for working condition of pre-coating lubricating grease or dropping lubricating oil. And the sliding element often needs to be added with lubricating grease or lubricating oil in the using process, which causes inconvenience to the using process.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a three-layer composite self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a three-layer composite self-lubricating material, includes metal substrate layer, the spherical porous copper powder layer of sintering in metal substrate layer one side and the self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer of embedding and covering spherical porous copper powder layer, self-lubricating antifriction wearing layer comprises according to weight percent: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene;

in a further scheme, the thickness of the metal base layer is 0.15-10mm, the thickness of the spherical porous copper powder layer is 0.04-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer is 0.01-0.2 mm.

Further, the copper powder in the spherical porous copper powder layer is tin bronze, and the spherical porous copper powder layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5-11% of tin, 0-4% of zinc and the balance of copper.

Further, the particle size of the tin bronze is 100-200 meshes, preferably 120-160 meshes.

In a further scheme, the metal substrate layer is made of high-quality carbon structural steel.

In a further scheme, the aramid fiber is powdery particles with the particle size less than or equal to 160 um.

In a further embodiment, the polyamideimide is at least one of polyamideimide resin and polyamideimide dispersion liquid; the solids content of the polyamideimide resin or polyamideimide dispersion was 30. + -. 2%.

The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the three-layer composite self-lubricating material, which comprises the following steps:

A. sintering a spherical porous copper powder layer on the metal substrate layer to prepare a bimetallic spherical powder plate;

B. preparing self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer pug:

(1) mixing powder: putting aramid fiber, phenolic resin, iron oxide red and molybdenum disulfide into a powder stirrer according to the percentage, and stirring for three times at the rotating speed of 200 plus materials and 600r/min, wherein each time lasts for 5-200s, so as to obtain a uniformly mixed powder mixture;

(2) mixing liquid: adding the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and the polyamide-imide dispersion liquid or the polyamide-imide resin into a liquid stirrer according to the percentage, and stirring for 30-400s at the rotating speed of 50-500r/min to obtain a uniformly mixed liquid mixture;

(3) mixing materials: placing the powder mixture in the step (1) into the liquid mixture in the step (2), and stirring for 5-30min in a liquid stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-500r/min to obtain a mixture;

(4) demulsifying, namely adding alcohol into the mixture obtained in the step (3) and stirring and demulsifying at the rotating speed of 100-;

C. compounding: spreading and rolling the pug on a spherical porous copper powder layer of the bimetallic spherical powder plate by a rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the pug is 0.01-0.2 mm;

D. drying: drying at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 220 ℃ for 15-60 minutes;

E. rough rolling: rolling the dried plate again, wherein the thickness rolling amount is 0.02-0.1 mm;

F. and (3) sintering: sintering in a sintering furnace with nitrogen protection, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: sintering at the temperature of 360 ℃ and 390 ℃ for 10-60min, wherein the purity of nitrogen is more than 99.9%;

G. finish rolling: finishing finish rolling on the sintered plate, wherein the lower rolling size is within the range of 0.02-0.04 mm;

H. leveling: leveling the rolled plate by a leveler.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the aramid fiber has better antifriction and wear-resistant characteristics compared with the common glass fiber material, and the aramid fiber has the advantages of better toughness, higher rigidity and easiness in damaging a workpiece and damaging a self-lubricating film formed on the surface of the workpiece by the self-lubricating material; the phenolic resin has strong adhesion to metal and nonmetal, can effectively improve the bonding strength of the self-lubricating layer antifriction wear-resistant layer and the copper powder layer, has a porous fluffy structure after being cured, can contain antifriction wear-resistant materials, and continuously releases the antifriction wear-resistant materials in the friction and wear process so as to improve the antifriction wear resistance of the materials; the iron oxide red can play a role in reducing friction; the molybdenum disulfide has the characteristics of friction reduction at low temperature, friction increase at high temperature, small ignition loss and easy volatilization in a friction material, and the addition of the molybdenum disulfide can improve the rigidity, hardness and creep resistance of the PTFE; the polyamide-imide has higher tensile strength and excellent wear resistance and adhesive property; the composite material prepared by the invention can adapt to the environments of a rolling shaft sleeve for a gear pump, a rolling shaft sleeve for an oil cylinder and the like, and is suitable for occasions of high, medium load, low rotating speed and the like.

(2) The raw materials used in the invention do not contain lead, which accords with the national trend of lead-free, avoids the pollution of lead to the environment and the harm to the health of human bodies, and simultaneously expands the application field of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material, such as the fields requiring low toxicity of materials, such as food, pharmacy, hydraulic engineering, beverage, medical machinery and the like. The modified polytetrafluoroethylene has low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, and the prepared self-lubricating three-layer composite material has good friction and wear resistance under dry friction, oil lubrication and grease lubrication conditions, especially under the working condition of alternating oil lubrication and dry friction, and the application range of the self-lubricating three-layer composite material is further expanded.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-layer composite self-lubricating material prepared by the invention;

in the figure: 1-metal substrate layer, 2-spherical porous copper powder layer and 3-self-lubricating antifriction and wear-resistant layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a three-layer composite self-lubricating material comprises a metal substrate layer 1, a spherical porous copper powder layer 2 sintered on one surface of the metal substrate layer 1, and a self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer embedded in and covering the spherical porous copper powder layer 3, wherein the self-lubricating antifriction wear-resistant layer 3 is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 3-15% of aramid fiber, 2-10% of phenolic resin, 0-8% of iron oxide red, 1-10% of molybdenum disulfide, 3-15% of polyamide imide and the balance of polytetrafluoroethylene.