阅读说明：本技术 一种适合掺烧的流化床炉膛结构 (Fluidized bed furnace structure suitable for mixed combustion ) 是由 张世鑫 袁野 赵鹏勃 史磊 李楠 刘海峰 高洪培 于 2019-11-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供的一种适合掺烧的流化床炉膛结构,包括流化床炉膛本体,所述流化床炉膛本体的底部设置有风室；所述流化床炉膛本体的烟气出口连接有分离器,所述分离器的出口连接有流化床炉膛本体的内腔；所述流化床炉膛本体上开设有进料口；所述流化床炉膛本体的底部设置有排渣口；本发明解决了现有的流化床掺烧时存在的污染物处理复杂的缺陷。(The invention provides a fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion, which comprises a fluidized bed hearth body, wherein an air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed hearth body is connected with a separator, and the outlet of the separator is connected with the inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth body; a feed inlet is formed in the fluidized bed hearth body; a slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; the invention solves the defect of complex pollutant treatment in the conventional fluidized bed co-combustion.)

1. A fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion is characterized by comprising a fluidized bed hearth body, wherein an air chamber (1) is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; a flue gas outlet (7) of the fluidized bed hearth body is connected with a separator (8), a circulating ash outlet of the separator (8) is connected with a material returning device (9), an outlet of the material returning device (9) is connected with a material returning leg (10), and an outlet of the material returning leg (10) is connected with an inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth body; the material returning leg (10) is provided with a material inlet (4); a slag discharge port (3) is formed at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; the fluidized bed furnace body is characterized in that mounting holes are formed in fins on a water wall tube of the fluidized bed furnace body, two air cushion nozzles are assembled on the mounting holes and are respectively arranged above a front wall conical section of the furnace and below a flue gas outlet (7).

2. The fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion according to claim 1, wherein an air distribution plate (2) is further disposed at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body, and the air distribution plate (2) is disposed above the air chamber (1).

3. The fluidized bed furnace structure suitable for co-combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet of the material return leg 10 is communicated with the dense phase region of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed furnace body.

4. The fluidized bed furnace hearth structure suitable for co-combustion according to claim 1, wherein the feed inlets (4) are formed on both side walls of the fluidized bed furnace hearth body.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization and boiler improvement, and particularly relates to a fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion.

Background

The solid waste refers to solid and semisolid waste materials which are produced in production construction, daily life and other activities of human beings and cannot be utilized in a certain time and place, and are discarded to pollute the environment. The solid waste can be chemically, physically or biologically converted under certain conditions, and has certain influence on the surrounding environment, and if the adopted treatment method is not proper, harmful substances pollute the environment and harm the health of human bodies through water, gas, soil, food chains and other ways.

The incineration technique refers to a process in which combustible materials in waste are combusted with oxygen in an incinerator. Its technical features are large treatment capacity, good volume reduction, high harmless degree and heat energy recovery, so it is a promising treatment technology. The incineration method has the advantages that various wastes with different properties can be treated, the volume of the wastes can be reduced by 90 percent (different according to different ash contents) after incineration, and the treatment of filling is convenient.

However, the direct incineration technology has the problems of large investment, complex pollutant treatment, short operation period and the like; the blending combustion technology has the problems of poor operation stability of a material preparation system and a material feeding system, difficulty in separating impurities and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion, which solves the defect that the existing fluidized bed has complex pollutant treatment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention provides a fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion, which comprises a fluidized bed hearth body, wherein an air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; a flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed hearth body is connected with a separator, a circulating ash outlet of the separator is connected with a material returning device, an outlet of the material returning device is connected with a material returning leg, and an outlet of the material returning leg is connected with an inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth body; a feed inlet is formed in the material returning leg; a slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body; the fluidized bed furnace body is characterized in that mounting holes are formed in fins on a water wall tube of the fluidized bed furnace body, two air cushion nozzles are assembled on the mounting holes and are respectively arranged above a front wall conical section of the furnace and below a flue gas outlet.

Preferably, the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth body is also provided with an air distribution plate, and the air distribution plate is arranged above the air chamber.

Preferably, the outlet of the return leg is communicated with the dense phase zone of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth body.

Preferably, the feed inlets are arranged on two side walls of the fluidized bed hearth body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion, the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet is separated through the separator, and the separated circulating ash is sent into the inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth for re-combustion, so that the materials in the furnace are intensively mixed and combusted, the pollutant discharge is controllable, and the defect of complex pollutant treatment in the existing fluidized bed co-combustion is overcome; the slag discharge port corresponds to the feed inlet, so that impurities (metal and large blocks) entering the furnace can be effectively discharged conveniently, and the stable long-period operation of equipment is ensured; the air cushion nozzles are arranged in the easy-to-wear area in the furnace, so that the wear loss in the furnace is small; the air cushion nozzles are arranged on the fins between the water wall tubes, so that the modification and implementation are convenient, and the investment is small; and the material returning legs are arranged at the feed inlet, so that the hearth is prevented from being perforated.

Furthermore, the feed inlets are arranged on two side walls, so that the influence on combustion in the furnace is reduced, and the material adaptability is strong.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed furnace structure according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the fluidized bed hearth structure suitable for co-combustion provided by the invention comprises an air chamber 1, an air distribution plate 2, a slag discharge port 3, a feed inlet 4, a first air cushion nozzle 5, a second air cushion nozzle 6, a flue gas outlet 7, a separator 8, a material returning device 9 and a material returning leg 10, wherein the air chamber 1 for distributing fluidized air is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed hearth, and the air distribution plate 2 for uniformly distributing air and bearing materials is arranged in the fluidized bed hearth and is arranged above the air chamber 1.

The flue gas outlet 7 of the fluidized bed hearth is connected with a separator 8, and the outlet of the separator 8 is connected with a material returning device 9.

The outlet of the material returning device 9 is connected with a material returning leg 10, and the material returning leg 10 is communicated with the inner cavity of the fluidized bed hearth.

The outlet of the return leg 10 is communicated with the dense-phase region of the hearth.

The feed inlet 4 is arranged on the material returning leg 10, or the feed inlet 4 is arranged on the walls at two sides of the hearth.

The slag discharge port 3 is arranged on the air distribution plate 2 and communicated with the air chamber 1.

The two air cushion nozzles are arranged on the fins between the water wall tubes, wherein the first air cushion nozzle 5 is arranged above the conical section of the front wall of the hearth to form an air cushion to prevent local abrasion; the second air cushion nozzles 6 are arranged below the smoke outlet 7 of the hearth to form an air cushion to prevent local abrasion.

The two air cushion nozzles are connected with an external controller and used for remotely adjusting air flow and facilitating centralized control.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the blended combustion materials enter the furnace from the feeding hole 4 through pneumatic conveying, under the action of fluidized air and bed materials, lighter materials rise and are violently combusted in the furnace, heavier impurities (metal, large blocks and the like) are settled to the slag discharging hole 3 and are discharged out of the furnace, and therefore the operation period is prolonged; because the feeding nozzles convey air, fluidized air, materials in the furnace and flue gas to turn, an easily worn area is formed locally, two air cushion nozzles are arranged in the area, a protective air cushion is formed in the easily worn area, and the air quantity (air speed) of the air cushion is adjustable to adapt to different combustion working conditions; meanwhile, the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet 7 is separated from the ash in the separator 8, the separated ash becomes circulating ash and enters the furnace through the material returning device 9, and the material returning leg 10 is connected with the material returning device and the dense phase region of the hearth and is a passage for the circulating ash to enter the furnace from the material returning device.

The invention can be used as a novel boiler design and can also be used for the reconstruction of the existing hearth.

The invention has the advantages of small abrasion loss in the furnace, controllable pollutant discharge, strong material adaptability, long operation period, small modification investment, easy centralized control and the like.

The above description is intended to illustrate an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All changes and modifications that come within the scope of the invention are desired to be protected.