Coal stove
阅读说明:本技术 一种燃煤炉具 (Coal stove ) 是由 王振平 孟磊 谭光韧 朱洪睿 姜源 李亚 路兴峰 姜凯 刘兆龙 马喜红 张伟林 于 2019-11-27 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开一种燃煤炉具,包括底座和安装于底座上方的炉体,底座和炉体之间设置有炉排,炉体内部设置有用于分隔内部空间的竖直的隔板,形成前部的热解室和后部的炊事火道,隔板的上端连接炉体,隔板的下端与炉排之间设置有连通热解室和炊事火道并用于半焦物通过的间隙,热解室上方设置有加煤口,并设置有加煤门,炊事火道上方设置有炊事口;炉体前部设置有反烧风道,反烧风道的下端连通底座,反烧风道的上端连通热解室的上部,且反烧风道的出风口位于加煤口下方并朝向热解室内部。兼有反烧消烟、正烧炊事火力强的优点,且消除了反烧炊事弱、正烧黑烟多的缺陷;为热解室配风,解决了加煤门开门返烟的问题,减少了积存烟气。(The invention discloses a coal-fired stove, which comprises a base and a stove body arranged above the base, wherein a fire grate is arranged between the base and the stove body, a vertical partition plate for separating an inner space is arranged inside the stove body to form a front pyrolysis chamber and a rear cooking flue, the upper end of the partition plate is connected with the stove body, a gap for communicating the pyrolysis chamber and the cooking flue and allowing semicoke to pass through is arranged between the lower end of the partition plate and the fire grate, a coal feeding port is arranged above the pyrolysis chamber and provided with a coal feeding door, and a cooking port is arranged above the cooking flue; the furnace body front portion is provided with the anti-wind channel that burns, and the lower extreme in anti-wind channel that burns communicates the base, and the upper end in anti-wind channel that burns communicates the upper portion of pyrolysis chamber, and the air outlet in anti-wind channel that burns is located coal feeding mouth below and inside towards the pyrolysis chamber. The advantages of smoke abatement in back burning and strong firepower in front burning cooking are achieved, and the defects of weak back burning cooking and more black smoke in front burning are eliminated; the air distribution of the pyrolysis chamber solves the problem that the coal door is opened to return smoke, and reduces the accumulated smoke.)
1. A coal-fired stove, which comprises a base (1) and a stove body (2) arranged above the base (1), a fire grate (3) is arranged between the base (1) and the furnace body (2), the rear part of the furnace body (2) is connected with a smoke box (4), it is characterized in that a vertical clapboard (5) for separating the inner space is arranged in the furnace body (2) to form a front pyrolysis chamber (6) and a rear cooking flue (7), the upper end of the clapboard (5) is connected with the furnace body (2), a gap for communicating the pyrolysis chamber (6) with the cooking flame path (7) and allowing semi-coke to pass through is arranged between the lower end of the clapboard (5) and the fire grate (3), a coal feeding port is arranged above the pyrolysis chamber (6), a coal feeding door (8) is arranged, and a cooking opening (9) is arranged above the cooking flue (7);
the utility model discloses a pyrolysis furnace, including furnace body (2), furnace body (2) front portion is provided with anti-wind channel of burning (24), the lower extreme intercommunication in anti-wind channel of burning (24) base (1), the upper end intercommunication in anti-wind channel of burning (24) the upper portion of pyrolysis chamber (6), just the air outlet in anti-wind channel of burning (24) is located coal feeding mouth below and orientation pyrolysis chamber (6) are inside.
2. The coal-fired stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber (6) is provided with a reverse combustion chamber (25), the upper end of the reverse combustion chamber (25) is movably provided with the coal door (8), the lower end of the reverse combustion chamber (25) is movably provided with an air distribution plate (26), and the air distribution plate (26) is provided with a through hole for communicating the reverse combustion chamber (25) and the pyrolysis chamber (6).
3. The coal-fired furnace as set forth in claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of the through-hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the coal charging port.
4. The coal-fired stove according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooking opening (9) is arranged directly above the cooking flue (7), the coal feeding opening is arranged obliquely above the pyrolysis chamber (6) near the front end of the pyrolysis chamber (6), and the reverse combustion chamber (25) is arranged obliquely.
5. The coal-fired furnace of claim 1, wherein the outer shell of the furnace body (2) and the smoke box (4) comprises an inner container (10) and an outer container (11) which are spaced from each other, a water jacket interlayer is formed between the inner container (10) and the outer container (11), a water outlet (12) communicated with the water jacket interlayer is arranged at the upper part of the smoke box (4), and a water return port (13) communicated with the water jacket interlayer is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body (2).
6. The coal-fired furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that the back-fire air duct (24) separates the inner container (10) from the front of the pyrolysis chamber (6).
7. The coal-fired stove according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cooking flue (7) is provided at its upper portion with a secondary air chamber (20), the secondary air chamber (20) is located below the cooking opening (9) with a space therebetween, a secondary air passage (19) is provided in the cooking flue (7), the lower end of the secondary air passage (19) communicates with the base (1), and the upper end of the secondary air passage (19) communicates with the secondary air chamber (20).
8. The coal-fired furnace set forth in claim 7 wherein an air distribution ring (21) with a vertical axis is installed in the secondary air chamber (20), and a ventilation opening is provided on the side of the air distribution ring (21).
9. The coal-fired stove according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner wall of the stove body (2) and the partition plate (5) are provided with a refractory mortar coating (22), and a gap is provided between the refractory mortar coating (22) near the rear part of the cooking flue (7) and the inner wall of the stove body (2) to form the vertical secondary air channel (19) and the horizontal secondary air chamber (20).
10. The coal-fired stove according to claim 9, characterized in that the refractory mortar coating (22) near the rear of the cooking flame (7) is provided with an inner concave structure and with evenly distributed ventilation holes (23) layered in the vertical direction, the ventilation holes (23) communicating the cooking flame (7) and the secondary air channel (19).
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cooking stoves, in particular to a coal-fired stove.
Background
In rural and suburban areas of China, a large number of families still adopt relatively dispersed coal-fired heating modes, so that the efficiency is low, the pollution is serious, and the influence on the environment is several times of the proportion of the fuel consumption. At present, China consumes a large amount of coal every year, wherein all civil parts are basically scattered incineration, environmental protection measures such as dust removal, desulfurization and the like are not adopted, and the amount of pollutants discharged by burning of scattered coal is 5 to 10 times of that discharged by burning of thermal power coal.
The combustion process of the household coal-fired stove is periodic, air is easy to be insufficient in the initial combustion stage, coal gas generated by coal pyrolysis gasification cannot be sufficiently combusted, and a large amount of toxic and combustible components are discharged along with flue gas, so that environmental pollution and energy loss are caused; the coal layer is thinned at the later stage of combustion, and the excessive air can reduce the furnace temperature and the heat transfer efficiency and increase the heat loss of smoke exhaust. The combustion efficiency of coal is improved by a partial furnace type only through a high-temperature oxygen enrichment mode, but the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is increased. In addition, the increase of the combustion temperature also increases the desulfurization reverse reaction, and reduces the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace.
Existing stoves are classified into two types, namely a direct-fired type and a back-fired type, wherein the direct-fired type is the most common direct-fired type in the direct combustion. When the solid fuel is burnt, the flame is spread along the natural flowing direction of the hot flue gas, the advantages are high combustion intensity, strong firepower and capability of meeting the cooking requirement of a user, and the defects are that the volatile matters are separated out quickly, black smoke is easily produced, and the solid fuel is suitable for fuels with low volatile matters such as anthracite. When the back-burning solid fuel is burnt, the flame is spread against the natural flow direction of hot flue gas, and has the advantages of high furnace temperature, full combustion, low particle emission concentration, low combustion intensity and weak firepower, can delay the volatilization analysis speed, can basically eliminate black smoke, and is not suitable for cooking and is suitable for high volatile fuels such as bituminous coal and the like.
At present, most of household coal-fired stoves use a common forward combustion principle, air enters from the bottom of the stove and passes through the whole hearth, the combustion process is periodic, the air is easy to be insufficient in the initial combustion stage, coal gas generated by coal pyrolysis and gasification cannot be sufficiently combusted, a large amount of toxic and combustible components are discharged along with smoke, and environmental pollution and energy loss are caused; the coal layer is thinned at the later stage of combustion, and the excessive air can reduce the furnace temperature and the heat transfer efficiency and increase the heat loss of smoke exhaust.
Therefore, how to provide a coal-fired furnace capable of overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal-fired stove, wherein a pyrolysis chamber and a cooking flame path are arranged in a stove body, and are used for respectively carrying out forward combustion and reverse combustion, so that the coal-fired stove has the advantages of two combustion modes and overcomes the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a coal-fired stove which comprises a base and a stove body arranged above the base, wherein a fire grate is arranged between the base and the stove body, the rear part of the stove body is connected with a smoke box, a vertical partition plate for separating an inner space is arranged in the stove body to form a front pyrolysis chamber and a rear cooking flue, the upper end of the partition plate is connected with the stove body, a gap for communicating the pyrolysis chamber with the cooking flue and allowing semicoke to pass through is arranged between the lower end of the partition plate and the fire grate, a coal feeding port is arranged above the pyrolysis chamber and a coal feeding door is arranged, and a cooking port is arranged above the cooking flue;
the utility model discloses a pyrolysis furnace, including the furnace body, the furnace body front portion is provided with the air duct of burning reversely, the lower extreme intercommunication in air duct of burning reversely the base, the upper end intercommunication in air duct of burning reversely the upper portion of pyrolysis chamber, just the air outlet in air duct of burning reversely is located add coal mouth below and towards inside the pyrolysis chamber.
Preferably, a reverse combustion chamber is arranged at the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber, the coal feeding door is movably mounted at the upper end of the reverse combustion chamber, an air distribution plate is movably mounted at the lower end of the reverse combustion chamber, and a through hole for communicating the reverse combustion chamber with the pyrolysis chamber is formed in the air distribution plate.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the through hole is smaller than that of the coal charging port.
Preferably, the cooking opening sets up directly over the cooking flame path, the coal feeding opening set up in the oblique top of pyrolysis chamber is close to the pyrolysis chamber front end, the slope of anti-combustion chamber sets up.
Preferably, the furnace body and the smoke box shell comprise an inner container and an outer container which are spaced from each other, a water jacket interlayer is formed between the inner container and the outer container, a water outlet communicated with the water jacket interlayer is arranged at the upper part of the smoke box, and a water return port communicated with the water jacket interlayer is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body.
Preferably, the back-burning air duct separates the inner container from the front part of the pyrolysis chamber.
Preferably, the upper portion of cooking flame path is provided with the overgrate air room, the overgrate air room is located the below of cooking mouth, and has the interval between the two, be provided with the overgrate air passageway in the cooking flame path, the lower extreme intercommunication of overgrate air passageway the base, overgrate air passageway upper end intercommunication the overgrate air room.
Preferably, an air distribution ring with a vertical axis is installed in the secondary air chamber, and a ventilation opening is arranged on the side surface of the air distribution ring.
Preferably, the furnace body inner wall reaches be provided with the fire clay coating on the baffle, be close to cooking flame path rear portion the fire clay coating with be provided with the clearance between the furnace body inner wall, it is vertical to form overgrate air passageway and horizontally overgrate air room.
Preferably, be close to cooking flame path rear portion the fire clay coating is provided with inner concave structure to be provided with evenly distributed's ventilation hole along vertical direction layering, the ventilation hole intercommunication the cooking flame path with the overgrate air passageway.
The invention provides a coal-fired stove, including the base and furnace body mounted above the base, there are fire grates between furnace body and the base, the rear portion of furnace body connects with the smoke box, there are vertical baffles used for separating the inner space in the furnace body inside, form the pyrolysis chamber and cooking flame path of the rear portion in the front, the upper end of the baffle connects with furnace body, there is interval used for communicating pyrolysis chamber and cooking flame path and semicoke to pass through between lower end of the baffle and fire grate, there are coal-feeding ports above the pyrolysis chamber, and there are coal-feeding doors, there are cooking ports above the cooking flame path; the furnace body front portion is provided with the anti-wind channel that burns, and the lower extreme in anti-wind channel that burns communicates the base, and the upper end in anti-wind channel that burns communicates the upper portion of pyrolysis chamber, and the air outlet in anti-wind channel that burns is located coal feeding mouth below and inside towards the pyrolysis chamber.
Through inside pyrolysis chamber and the cooking flame path of setting up of furnace body, the pyrolysis chamber is the back-fire region, and the cooking flame path is the normal combustion region, and fuel is piled up at the pyrolysis chamber after adding, supplies primary air through the grate, on the grate, pyrolysis chamber and cooking flame path lower part are main combustion area, and the regulation burning of the coal-fired cooperation air feed volume produces the heat, and the small part heat supplies upper portion fuel pyrolysis production pyrolysis gas and semicoke under the lean oxygen state, and most heat moves ahead along with the flue gas. In the main combustion area, the pyrolysis gas and the semicoke are combusted together; due to the negative pressure effect formed by the chimney draft, the pyrolysis products of the coal must be fully combusted through the high-temperature semicoke combustion layer, so that the black smoke generated during the combustion of the bituminous coal can be effectively eliminated, and the production of nitrogen oxides is reduced. The burning flame enters the chimney through the cooking port and the smoke box, and heats the cooker along the way to complete the heating. The cooking flue mainly stores the semicoke after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber and enters the cooking flue by the modes of shaking the grate, operating the fire hook and the like. The semicoke is burnt in a normal combustion mode, so that the problem of concentrated separation of volatile components does not exist, and the cooking firepower can be improved. A primary air channel is additionally arranged outside the grate. The airflow enters from the opening of the ash hopper of the base, reaches the coal charging door through the back combustion air duct, enters the pyrolysis chamber after passing through the air distribution plate, is mixed with the stored flue gas, and downwards passes through the coal bunker to participate in combustion.
Has the advantages of smoke abatement in back burning and strong firepower in front burning cooking, and eliminates the defects of weak back burning cooking and more black smoke in front burning. The heating and cooking dual-purpose stove is more suitable for the use habit of users, the heating time period is long, and the fire power is moderate and stable; cooking time is short, and fire is required to be vigorous. The semicoke is sent into a normal combustion area before cooking, so that the firepower can be quickly improved; and the normal combustion area is smaller, so that the firepower is rapidly reduced after the semicoke is burnt out, and the fuel is not wasted. Through setting up the back-burning wind channel, for the pyrolysis chamber air distribution, solved the problem that the coal door opened the door and returned the cigarette, and the stove during normal use, supply air to the pyrolysis chamber in succession through the back-burning wind channel, can will store up the downward leading-in coal seam of flue gas, reduced and stored up the flue gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal-fired furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a coal-fired stove, wherein a pyrolysis chamber and a cooking flame path are arranged in a stove body, and are respectively used for forward burning and reverse burning, so that the coal-fired stove has the advantages of two burning modes and overcomes the defects in the prior art.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment of the invention provides a coal-fired stove, which comprises a
The front part of the
Through
A primary air channel is additionally arranged outside the
The upper part of the
The arrangement of the
Has the advantages of smoke abatement in back burning and strong firepower in front burning cooking, and eliminates the defects of weak back burning cooking and more black smoke in front burning. The volume of the
Furthermore, a
The
The secondary afterburning high-temperature area is designed, so that combustible gas and particles are fully combusted, a high-temperature environment required by afterburning is provided, the secondary air inlet is integrated on the base, the user operation is simplified, the secondary air inlet is prevented from being forgotten to be closed after a user seals the furnace, smoke gas escaping and CO poisoning accidents are caused, and the safety is improved.
An
In the coal-fired stove provided by the embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the heating effect, a water heating system can be added, the shells of the
Further,
In order to improve the heat exchange effect, a heat
In the coal-fired furnace according to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to stabilize the secondary air, an
In the coal-fired furnace according to the above embodiments, the inner wall of the
Further, be close to the
The
Or the structures of the components, such as the orientation angle, the number and the arrangement of the vent holes 23, the surface shape of the
The coal-fired furnace provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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