Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system
阅读说明：本技术 一种多焦距离轴三反成像光学系统 (Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system ) 是由 孟庆宇 汪洪源 王维 吴凡路 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种多焦距离轴三反成像光学系统,包括：孔径光阑,为光学系统的入口；第一反射镜,具有单一面型,与孔径光阑相对设置；第二反射镜,各面型区域具有不同的面型参数,设置于第一反射镜的反射光路上；第三反射镜,各面型区域具有不同的面型参数,设置于第二反射镜的反射光路上；探测器像面,各视场区域具有不同的像面,用于接收第三反射镜的反射光线。本申请采用在离轴三反成像光学系统中第二反射镜与第三反射镜的不同区域应用不同的面型,与第一反射镜组合后,可以实现不同的放大率,成像过程中,不同视场的光线分别应用了第二反射镜与第三反射镜的不同区域,可以实现在单一离轴三反成像光学系统中同时实现不同焦距值的功能。(The application discloses three anti-imaging optical system of multifocal distance axle includes: an aperture diaphragm which is an entrance of the optical system; a first reflector having a single face shape and disposed opposite to the aperture stop; the second reflecting mirror is arranged on a reflecting light path of the first reflecting mirror, and each surface type area has different surface type parameters; the third reflector, every surface type area has different surface type parameters, fix to the reflected light path of the second reflector; and the detector image surface is provided with different image surfaces in each field of view area and used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector. Different face types are used in the different regions of second mirror and third mirror in the three anti-imaging optical system of off-axis in this application, after combining with first mirror, can realize different magnifications, and in the imaging process, the light of different visual fields has used the different regions of second mirror and third mirror respectively, can realize the function of realizing different focus values simultaneously in the three anti-imaging optical system of single off-axis.)
1. A multifocal distance axis three-mirror imaging optical system, comprising:
an aperture diaphragm which is an entrance of the optical system;
the first reflector is provided with a single surface type and is arranged opposite to the aperture diaphragm;
the second reflecting mirror is provided with different surface type parameters in each surface type area and is arranged on a reflecting light path of the first reflecting mirror;
the third reflector, every surface type area has different surface type parameter, fix to the reflected light path of the said second reflector;
and the detector image surface is provided with different image surfaces in each field of view area and used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector.
2. The multi-focal-distance-axis triple-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 1, wherein each surface area of the third mirror corresponds to each surface area of the second mirror one to one;
and the image surface of each field of view area corresponds to each surface type area of the third reflector one by one.
3. The multi-focal-distance-axis triple-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 1, wherein the relative aperture of the first mirror ranges from 1:0.5 to 1: 3.
4. The multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system according to claim 3, wherein the first reflector has a spherical or aspherical surface.
5. The multi-focal-distance-axis three-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 4, wherein when the first reflecting mirror has an aspherical surface, the conic constant of the first reflecting mirror is in a range of-0.8 to-1.2.
6. The multi-focal-distance-axis triple-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 1, wherein the second reflecting mirror has an aspherical surface.
7. The multi-focal-distance-axis triple-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 1, wherein the surface shape of the third reflecting mirror is an aspherical surface.
8. The multi-focal-distance-axis triple-reflection imaging optical system according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror is silicon carbide, microcrystalline, or an aluminum alloy.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical design, in particular to a multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system.
Background
The off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system has the advantages of no aperture blocking, no chromatic aberration, large visual field realization and the like, and has important and wide application in the fields of applied optics and optical remote sensing.
The current off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system has only a single focal length value at a single imaging instant, like most other imaging optical systems, i.e. the imaging magnification of the optical system is fixed. As shown in fig. 1, an
Therefore, how to solve the problem that the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system cannot have multiple focal length values at the same time is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-focal-distance-axis three-mirror imaging optical system, which can extend the imaging magnification range and achieve multiple focal length values. The specific scheme is as follows:
a multi-focal-distance-axis three-mirror imaging optical system comprising:
an aperture diaphragm which is an entrance of the optical system;
the first reflector is provided with a single surface type and is arranged opposite to the aperture diaphragm;
the second reflecting mirror is provided with different surface type parameters in each surface type area and is arranged on a reflecting light path of the first reflecting mirror;
the third reflector, every surface type area has different surface type parameter, fix to the reflected light path of the said second reflector;
and the detector image surface is provided with different image surfaces in each field of view area and used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, each surface area of the third reflecting mirror corresponds to each surface area of the second reflecting mirror one to one;
and the image surface of each field of view area corresponds to each surface type area of the third reflector one by one.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the relative aperture of the first mirror ranges from 1:0.5 to 1: 3.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of the first reflecting mirror is a spherical surface or an aspherical surface.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, when the surface type of the first reflecting mirror is an aspheric surface, the conic constant of the first reflecting mirror ranges from-0.8 to-1.2.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a surface shape of the second mirror is an aspheric surface.
Preferably, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a surface shape of the third reflecting mirror is an aspheric surface.
Preferably, in the above multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror is silicon carbide, microcrystalline, or an aluminum alloy.
From the above technical solution, the multi-focal-distance-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the present invention includes: an aperture diaphragm which is an entrance of the optical system; a first reflector having a single face shape and disposed opposite to the aperture stop; the second reflecting mirror is arranged on a reflecting light path of the first reflecting mirror, and each surface type area has different surface type parameters; the third reflector, every surface type area has different surface type parameters, fix to the reflected light path of the second reflector; and the detector image surface is provided with different image surfaces in each field of view area and used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector.
The invention adopts different surface types applied to different areas of the second reflector and the third reflector in the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system, and can realize different magnifications after being combined with the first reflector.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional single-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system, as shown in fig. 2, comprising:
an aperture diaphragm 1 which is an entrance of the optical system;
a first reflecting mirror 2 having a single plane shape and disposed opposite to the aperture diaphragm 1;
the second reflecting mirror 3, every surface type area has different surface type parameter, fix to the reflected light path of the first reflecting mirror 2;
a third reflector 4, each surface type area has different surface type parameters, and is arranged on the reflection light path of the second reflector 3;
and a detector image surface 5, wherein each field area has a different image surface, and is used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector 4.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the aperture stop 1 is used as an entrance of the whole optical system, and a light-passing opening with a certain size is provided at the position of the aperture stop 1 for limiting the imaging aperture of the optical system, and the aperture stop may be replaced by a mirror as long as the imaging aperture can be limited; the first reflector is used as a main mirror, collects light rays of each field of view and contributes focal power to the optical system; the second reflector is used as a secondary mirror, collects light rays of each field of view and contributes focal power to the optical system; the third reflector is used as a third mirror for collecting light rays of each field of view and contributing optical power to the optical system.
Incident light firstly passes through the aperture diaphragm 1, then passes through the first reflector 2, light reflected by the first reflector 2 is incident to the second reflector 3, light of different fields is incident to different areas of the second reflector 2, each area of the second reflector 2 has different surface type parameters, after being reflected by the second reflector 2, light of different fields is incident to different areas of the third reflector 4, each area of the third reflector 4 has different surface type parameters, and finally light of different fields reflected by the third reflector 4 reaches respective image surfaces.
In the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the embodiment of the invention, different areas of the second mirror and the third mirror have different surface types, and after the second mirror and the third mirror are combined with the first mirror, different magnifications can be realized, and different focal length values can be realized for different view field areas. That is, the invention adopts the method of applying different surface types to different areas of different reflectors in the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system, thereby realizing the function of simultaneously realizing different focal length values in the single off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system.
In a specific implementation, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, each surface type region of the third mirror corresponds to each surface type region of the second mirror one to one; the image surface of each field area corresponds to each surface type area of the third reflector one by one. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the surface area 3-1 of the second mirror 3 contributes power to the first field area of the optical system, the surface area 3-2 of the second mirror 3 contributes power to the second field area of the optical system, the surface area 4-1 of the third mirror 4 contributes power to the first field area of the optical system, the surface area 4-2 of the third mirror 4 contributes power to the second field area of the optical system, the image plane 5-1 is the image plane of the first field area of the optical system, and the image plane 5-2 is the image plane of the second field area of the optical system; according to the imaging sequence of the first reflector 2, the second reflector 3, the third reflector 4 and the image surface 5, the surface type area 4-1 of the third reflector 4 corresponds to the surface type area 3-1 of the second reflector 3, the image surface 5-1 corresponds to the surface type area 4-1 of the third reflector 4, the surface type area 4-2 of the third reflector 4 corresponds to the surface type area 3-2 of the second reflector 3, and the image surface 5-2 corresponds to the surface type area 4-2 of the third reflector.
In practical implementation, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the imaging effect, the relative aperture range of the first reflector may be set to be 1:0.5 to 1: 3. In addition, the surface type of the first reflector can be a spherical surface or an aspherical surface; when the surface type of the first reflecting mirror is an aspherical surface, the conic constant of the first reflecting mirror may be set to-0.8 to-1.2.
In a specific implementation, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the second mirror may be an aspheric surface; the surface of the third reflector may be aspheric.
It should be noted that there are many cases in selecting the surface types of the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector, and in the implementation process, the invention is not limited to the embodiments provided by the invention, and may be determined according to the specific cases.
In practical implementation, in the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror may be silicon carbide, microcrystalline, or an aluminum alloy. The selection of the materials of the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector can be determined according to actual conditions.
Specifically, taking fig. 2 as an example, an imaging process of the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
6 and 7 are imaging light rays of a first field area and a second field area of the optical system respectively, the light rays 6 and 7 firstly pass through a field diaphragm 1 and are incident on a first reflector 2, and the first reflector 2 is a reflector with a single surface type; after being reflected by the first reflector 2, the light rays 6 and 7 respectively enter different surface type areas of the second reflector 3, namely a first surface type area 3-1 and a second surface type area 3-2 of the second reflector, and the light rays 3-1 and 3-2 respectively have different or same focal power contributions to the system; after being reflected by the second reflector 3, the light rays 6 and 7 respectively enter different surface type areas of the third reflector 4, namely, the first surface type area 4-1 and the second surface type area 4-2 of the third reflector, and the light rays 4-1 and 4-2 respectively have different or same focal power contributions to the system; after reflection by the third mirror 4, the light rays 6 and 7 reach respective image planes 5-1 and 5-2, respectively.
Under the combination of the aperture diaphragm 1, the first reflector 2, the first surface area 3-1 of the second reflector 3, the first surface area 4-1 of the third reflector 4 and the image surface 5-1, the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system has a fixed focal length value A and can image the imaging light 6 in the first field area of the optical system.
Under the combination of the aperture diaphragm 1, the first reflector 2, the second area 3-2 of the second reflector 3, the second area 4-2 of the third reflector 4 and the image plane 5-2, the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system has another fixed focal length value B and can image the imaging light 7 in the second field area of the optical system.
In an example, the clear aperture of the aperture diaphragm is 200mm, the focal length value a is 2200mm, the focal length value B is 1400mm, the surface type of the first reflector is a quadric surface, the surface type of the second reflector is a high-order aspheric surface, and the surface type of the third reflector is an xy polynomial.
At the moment, different surface types are applied to different areas of different reflectors of an off-axis three-mirror optical system, so that the optical system can simultaneously form different focal length values for different fields of view, namely the focal length value A and the focal length value B are two different focal length values of the multi-focal-length off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system, the imaging magnification range of the optical system is expanded, and the off-axis three-mirror optical system can simultaneously realize multiple focal length values under the condition that the positions of the reflectors are not changed.
To sum up, the multi-focal-distance-axis three-mirror imaging optical system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: an aperture diaphragm which is an entrance of the optical system; a first reflector having a single face shape and disposed opposite to the aperture stop; the second reflecting mirror is arranged on a reflecting light path of the first reflecting mirror, and each surface type area has different surface type parameters; the third reflector, every surface type area has different surface type parameters, fix to the reflected light path of the second reflector; and the detector image surface is provided with different image surfaces in each field of view area and used for receiving the reflected light of the third reflector. The invention adopts different surface types applied to different areas of the second reflector and the third reflector in the off-axis three-mirror imaging optical system, and can realize different magnifications after being combined with the first reflector.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The multi-focal-distance-axis three-reflection imaging optical system provided by the invention is described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained in the text by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
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