阅读说明：本技术 前板、太阳能组件及前板的加工方法 (Front plate, solar module and processing method of front plate ) 是由 刘国强 张群芳 武振羽 于 2018-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种前板、太阳能组件及前板的加工方法,其中,该前板包括基板和装饰层,所述装饰层通过镀膜工艺形成于所述基板的表面；该太阳能组件包括自底层至顶层依次设置的背板、柔性胶片、太阳能电池、柔性胶片及如上所述的前板；该前板的加工方法,包括：对基板进行预处理；通过镀膜工艺在所述基板的表面形成装饰层。本发明的前板,由于具有装饰层,外形美观,装饰性较高,应用该前板的太阳能组件同样具有外形美观和装饰性较高的优点,不仅能够用于光伏发电,还能够用于装饰建筑以满足用户对装饰性的要求,该前板的加工方法工序简单,易于实现。(The invention discloses a front plate, a solar module and a processing method of the front plate, wherein the front plate comprises a substrate and a decorative layer, and the decorative layer is formed on the surface of the substrate through a coating process; the solar module comprises a back plate, a flexible film, a solar cell, a flexible film and the front plate, wherein the back plate, the flexible film, the solar cell and the flexible film are sequentially arranged from a bottom layer to a top layer; the processing method of the front plate comprises the following steps: preprocessing a substrate; and forming a decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a coating process. The front plate has the advantages of attractive appearance and high decoration, and the solar module applying the front plate also has the advantages of attractive appearance and high decoration, can be used for photovoltaic power generation and can also be used for decorating buildings to meet the requirement of users on the decoration.)

1. The front plate is characterized by comprising a substrate and a decorative layer, wherein the decorative layer is formed on the surface of the substrate through a coating process.

2. The front panel as in claim 1, wherein the decorative layer has a cut-out pattern.

3. The front panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pattern layer is provided between the decorative layer and the substrate such that the decorative layer and the pattern layer form a pattern on the surface of the substrate after lamination.

4. A solar module comprising a back sheet, a flexible film, a solar cell, a flexible film and the front sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, arranged in this order from a bottom layer to a top layer.

5. A method for processing a front plate, comprising:

preprocessing a substrate;

and forming a decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a coating process.

6. The method of processing a front plate as recited in claim 5, further comprising:

removing a portion of the decorative layer to form a pattern on the decorative layer.

7. The method of manufacturing a front plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein a portion of the decorative layer is removed by a laser engraving process or a sand blasting process to form the patterns on the decorative layer.

8. The method as claimed in claim 6, further comprising, before forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process: laying a shelter on the surface of the substrate;

further comprising, after forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process: and removing the shade to remove part of the decorative layer formed on the surface of the shade so as to form patterns on the decorative layer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the covering is a tape or a stainless steel plate.

10. The method as claimed in claim 5, further comprising, before forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process:

and forming a pattern layer on the surface of the substrate.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the pattern layer is a UV transfer pattern layer, a water transfer pattern layer, a screen printing pattern layer, a color crystal pattern layer, a spray printing pattern layer, or a color glaze pattern layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a front plate, a solar module and a front plate processing method.

Background

Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) is a technology that integrates solar power generation products into buildings. Building photovoltaic-integrated (BIPV) is different from the form in which photovoltaic systems are attached to Buildings (BAPV). Building photovoltaic integration can be divided into two main categories: one is the combination of photovoltaic arrays and buildings. The other is the integration of photovoltaic arrays with buildings. Such as a photovoltaic tile roof, a photovoltaic curtain wall, a photovoltaic daylighting roof and the like. The combination of the photovoltaic square matrix and the building does not occupy extra ground space, and the photovoltaic square matrix is the best installation mode for wide application of a photovoltaic power generation system in cities, so the photovoltaic square matrix is concerned.

However, the existing Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) product is mainly concerned about the power generation efficiency, but often neglects the appearance decoration effect, the appearance is basically the whole black or other colors, the appearance is not beautiful, the color is monotonous, the decoration is poor, and the popularization and the application of the Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) product are greatly limited. Particularly, with the improvement of economic development and the living standard of people, on the basis of meeting basic performance requirements, higher requirements are put forward on appearance decoration effects, so that the existing Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) product obviously cannot meet the requirements of users on decoration.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a front plate having a beautiful appearance and a high decorativeness, a method of processing the front plate, and a solar module using the front plate.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a front plate, which includes a substrate and a decorative layer, wherein the decorative layer is formed on a surface of the substrate by a coating process.

In some embodiments, the decorative layer has a cut-out pattern.

In some embodiments, a pattern layer is disposed between the decorative layer and the substrate, such that the decorative layer and the pattern layer form a pattern on the surface of the substrate after lamination.

The invention also provides a solar module which comprises a back plate, a flexible film, a solar cell, a flexible film and the front plate, wherein the back plate, the flexible film, the solar cell and the front plate are sequentially arranged from the bottom layer to the top layer.

The invention also provides a processing method of the front plate, which comprises the following steps: preprocessing a substrate; and forming a decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a coating process.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises: removing a portion of the decorative layer to form a pattern on the decorative layer.

In some embodiments, a portion of the decorative layer is removed by a laser engraving process or a sandblasting process to form the motif on the decorative layer.

In some embodiments, before forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process, further comprises: laying a shelter on the surface of the substrate; further comprising, after forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process: and removing the shade to remove part of the decorative layer formed on the surface of the shade so as to form patterns on the decorative layer.

In some embodiments, the covering is taped paper or stainless steel.

In some embodiments, before forming the decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a plating process, further comprises: and forming a pattern layer on the surface of the substrate.

In some embodiments, the pattern layer is a UV transfer pattern layer, a water transfer pattern layer, a screen printing pattern layer, a color crystal pattern layer, a spray printing pattern layer, or a color glazed pattern layer.

Compared with the prior art, the front plate has the advantages of attractive appearance and high decoration performance due to the decorative layer, and the solar module applying the front plate also has the advantages of attractive appearance and high decoration performance, so that the front plate can be used for photovoltaic power generation and can also be used for decorating buildings to meet the requirement of users on the decoration performance.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention.

This document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosed technology.

Drawings

In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like reference numerals having letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate various embodiments generally by way of example and not by way of limitation, and together with the description and claims serve to explain the disclosed embodiments. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts, where appropriate. Such embodiments are illustrative, and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method of processing a front plate according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of a method of processing a front plate according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method of processing a front plate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of the method of processing a front plate according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of a method of processing a front plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of a front plate according to the present invention; fig. 7 is an exploded view of a solar module according to the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a front plate; 2-flexible film; 3-a solar cell; 4-a back plate; 5-a substrate; 6-a pattern layer; 7-decorating layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components of the invention have been omitted.

The invention provides a method for processing a front plate, which comprises the following steps: pre-treating the substrate, such as cleaning and drying the substrate surface to clean and dry the substrate surface and meet the further treatment conditions, wherein the substrate may be glass or other materials; and then forming a decorative layer on the surface of the substrate by a coating process. The surface of the front plate processed by the method is provided with the decorative layer, so that the decorative property of the front plate can be improved while the light transmittance is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of a method for processing a front plate according to the present invention includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the substrate is subjected to pretreatment such as cleaning and drying, for example, the substrate is cleaned with deionized water or pure water having a water temperature of not higher than 50 ℃, and then dried at a temperature of not lower than 40 ℃ to make the substrate meet the further treatment conditions.

Step two: at least one decorative layer with colors such as blue, yellow, red and the like is plated on the surface of the substrate by adopting a vacuum coating process. Thereby make the front bezel of a pure color, make the solar energy component who uses this front bezel not only can carry out photovoltaic power generation, can also cooperate the color design of building, make the building outward appearance that is provided with this solar energy component coordinate more, pleasing to the eye to satisfy the decorative demand of user to the solar cell panel.

The vacuum coating process is carried out at a temperature of not less than 10 deg.C^-3The method comprises the following steps of heating metal or nonmetal material coating materials under the high vacuum condition of mbar, heating a substrate to the appropriate attachment temperature of each coating material, or adding reaction gas including but not limited to oxygen and nitrogen to enable the coating materials to be evaporated and condensed on the surface of the substrate to form a decorative layer, wherein the decorative layer formed by a vacuum coating process is uniform in texture and controllable in thickness, and the front plate can have high decoration performance and can ensure high light transmittance by controlling the uniformity and the thickness of the decorative layer.

The decoration layer may be formed on the surface of the substrate by, for example, a sol-gel process or other coating processes, as well as by a vacuum coating process.

Referring to fig. 2, a second embodiment of the method for processing a front plate according to the present invention is shown, and the method in this embodiment includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the substrate is subjected to pretreatment such as cleaning and drying, for example, the substrate is cleaned with deionized water or pure water having a water temperature of not higher than 50 ℃, and then dried at a temperature of not lower than 40 ℃ to make the substrate meet the further treatment conditions.

Step two: at least one decorative layer with colors such as blue, yellow, red and the like is plated on the surface of the substrate by adopting a vacuum coating process.

Step three: and removing part of the decorative layer through a laser engraving process to form hollowed-out patterns on the decorative layer.

Taking a brick wall type pattern as an example, the pattern of the brick wall type pattern may be input into a laser engraving machine in advance, then the substrate plated with, for example, a red decorative layer on the surface is fixed on the laser engraving machine, a part of the decorative layer plated on the surface of the substrate is removed by the laser engraving machine, so that the part where the decorative layer is removed forms a brick joint pattern, and the remaining part forms a brick block pattern. The laser engraving process has high processing precision, the formed pattern is fine and attractive, the substrate is not easy to be damaged by the laser engraving process, and the light transmittance of the front plate can be prevented from being influenced by the damage of the substrate.

Referring to fig. 3, a third embodiment of the method for processing a front plate according to the present invention includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the substrate is subjected to pretreatment such as cleaning and drying, for example, the substrate is cleaned with deionized water or pure water having a water temperature of not higher than 50 ℃, and then dried at a temperature of not lower than 40 ℃ to make the substrate meet the further treatment conditions.

Step two: at least one decorative layer with colors such as blue, yellow, red and the like is plated on the surface of the substrate by adopting a vacuum coating process.

Step three: removing part of the decorative layer by a sand blasting process, for example, using sand with the grain size range not less than 15Mesh, including but not limited to glass beads and white corundum, and performing sand blasting treatment on the decorative layer under the operating pressure not less than 0.2MPa to form hollow patterns on the decorative layer.

Still taking the brick wall type pattern as an example, a part of the decorative layer plated on the surface of the substrate may be removed by sandblasting, so that the part where the decorative layer is removed forms a brick pattern, and the remaining part forms a brick pattern. The substrate with the part of the decorative layer removed by the sand blasting process has a smooth surface and high smoothness, and light irradiated on the front plate is not easy to refract, so that the front plate has high light transmittance.

Referring to fig. 4, a fourth embodiment of the method for processing a front plate according to the present invention is shown, and the method in this embodiment includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the substrate is subjected to pretreatment such as cleaning and drying, for example, the substrate is cleaned with deionized water or pure water having a water temperature of not higher than 50 ℃, and then dried at a temperature of not lower than 40 ℃ to make the substrate meet the further treatment conditions.

Step two: a tape having a width of, for example, 3mm or more is stuck to the surface of the substrate as a mask. Continuing with the brick wall pattern as an example, adhesive tape can be adhered to the position where the brick seam pattern is to be formed.

Step three: at least one decorative layer, such as red, is plated on the surface of the substrate by a vacuum plating process.

Step four: and tearing off the adhesive tape paper to remove part of the decorative layer formed on the surface of the shelter, namely removing the decorative layer at the position of the brick pattern to be formed, and reserving the decorative layer at the position of the brick pattern.

Step five: and cleaning and drying the substrate stripped of the adhesive tape paper to ensure that the surface of the substrate is clean and dry.

Particularly, the adhesive tape paper is convenient to adhere and tear, complex carving or sand blasting processing procedures after film coating are omitted, the production cost is saved, and the product competitiveness is improved.

The shielding object is not limited to adhesive tape paper, and for example, a stainless steel plate with hollow patterns can be adopted, so that the patterns can be ensured to be uniform, the shielding object can be reused, and the production cost is reduced.

Referring to fig. 5, a fifth embodiment of the method for processing a front plate according to the present invention is shown, and the method in this embodiment includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: the substrate is subjected to pretreatment such as cleaning and drying, for example, the substrate is cleaned with deionized water or pure water having a water temperature of not higher than 50 ℃, and then dried at a temperature of not lower than 40 ℃ to make the substrate meet the further treatment conditions.

Step two: the pattern layer is formed on the surface of the substrate, and can be a silk-screen printing pattern layer formed on the surface of the substrate through a silk-screen printing process, or a UV transfer printing pattern layer, a water transfer printing pattern layer, a color crystal pattern layer, a spray printing pattern layer or a color glaze pattern layer.

Step three: and plating a decorative layer with colors such as blue, yellow, red and the like on the surface of the substrate by adopting a vacuum coating process, so that the superposed position of the decorative layer and the pattern layer shows a color different from that of the pure decorative layer, thereby forming the pattern on the surface of the substrate.

The pattern layer is formed on the surface of the substrate more easily, and the patterns are formed in a mode of changing colors by overlapping the pattern layer and the decorative layer, so that the patterns with richer colors and styles are formed beneficially, and the decorative performance of the front plate is improved.

Referring to fig. 6, the present invention also provides a front plate produced by the above method, which comprises a substrate 5 and a decorative layer 7, wherein the decorative layer 7 is formed on the surface of the substrate 5 by a coating process. Through plating the decorative layer 7 on the surface of the substrate 5, the decorative property of the front plate can be improved under the condition of ensuring the light transmittance of the front plate, so that the front plate not only has the functions of light transmission and solar cell protection, but also can be used for decorating a solar assembly. Preferably, the decorative layer 7 may have a hollowed-out pattern to further improve its decorativeness. As another preference, a pattern layer 6 may be further provided between the decorative layer 7 and the substrate 5, and the position where the decorative layer 7 and the pattern layer 6 are superposed can show a color different from that of the simple decorative layer 7, thereby forming a pattern on the surface of the substrate 5.

Referring to fig. 7, the present invention further provides a solar module, which comprises a back plate 4, a flexible film 2, a solar cell 3, a flexible film 2 and the front plate 1 as described above, which are sequentially arranged from a bottom layer to a top layer. The back plate 4 can be made of glass or polymer composite, and the flexible film 2 can be made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB).

Because the front plate 1 has high light transmittance, attractive appearance and high decoration, the solar module using the front plate 1 also has the advantages of attractive appearance and high decoration.

The processing method of the front plate has simple working procedures, the produced front plate has beautiful appearance and higher decoration, and the solar module applying the front plate can be used for photovoltaic power generation and decorating buildings so as to meet the requirement of users on decoration.

Moreover, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope thereof includes any and all embodiments based on the present invention with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of various embodiments across), adaptations or alterations. The elements of the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more versions thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the above-described embodiments, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as an intention that features of an invention not claimed are essential to any of the claims. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular inventive embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.