阅读说明：本技术 太阳能电池片贯通槽的制作方法、太阳能电池片及光伏组件 (Manufacturing method of solar cell through groove, solar cell and photovoltaic module ) 是由 赵雷 范维涛 苏杨杨 徐长志 黄钧林 龚小文 张鑫 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种太阳能电池片贯通槽的制作方法,所述贯通槽沿电池片的厚度方向贯穿,所述制作方法利用激光和水对电池片进行交替切割使电池片沿着切割路径断开以形成所述的贯通槽,其中起始时利用激光进行切割并确保在该激光切割后电池片不断开。本发明的太阳能电池片贯通槽的制作方法,通过先采用激光对预设的切割路径进行加热,之后采用水对切割路径进行冷却,通过冷热交替实现电池片沿着切割路径的断开从而形成贯通槽,由此制备的贯通槽的断面整齐、无裂纹,电池片损伤少,降低了电池片的隐裂风险。(The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove, wherein the through groove penetrates through the thickness direction of a cell, the manufacturing method comprises the step of cutting the cell alternately by using laser and water to break the cell along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cell is cut by using the laser at the beginning and is ensured not to break after the laser is cut. According to the manufacturing method of the solar cell through groove, the preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water, and the solar cell is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that the through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage of the solar cell and capable of reducing the hidden cracking risk of the solar cell.)

1. A manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove, wherein the through groove penetrates through the thickness direction of a cell, the manufacturing method is characterized in that the cell is cut alternately by laser and water to be broken along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cutting is carried out by the laser at the beginning and the cell is ensured not to be broken after the cutting by the laser.

2. The method for manufacturing a solar cell through-groove according to claim 1, wherein: the number of times of the alternate cutting is 1, 2, 3 or more, and under the water cutting effect of the last alternate cutting, the cell piece is completely broken along the cutting path to form the through groove.

3. The method for manufacturing a solar cell through-groove according to claim 1, wherein: in each alternate cut, the path of the laser cut and the path of the water cut are kept consistent.

4. The method for manufacturing a solar cell through-groove according to claim 1, wherein: in each alternate cut, water cutting is performed within 1-2s after laser cutting.

5. The method for manufacturing the solar cell through groove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the laser cutting parameters are as follows: the laser power is 15-20W, the laser frequency is 500-600kHz, and the laser running speed is 18000-22000 cm/min.

6. The method for manufacturing the solar cell through groove according to claim 5, wherein the laser cutting time is 1-2 s.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the parameters of the water cutting are as follows: cutting by using deionized water at normal temperature, wherein the initial spraying speed of the deionized water during cutting is 15000-20000 cm/min.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the water cutting is performed for 1 to 2 seconds.

9. A solar cell prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A photovoltaic module comprises a front plate, a front packaging layer, a battery layer, a rear packaging layer and a rear plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the battery layer comprises at least two solar battery pieces and an interconnection strip for connecting the two solar battery pieces, and the photovoltaic module is characterized in that at least one of the two solar battery pieces which are adjacently arranged is a solar battery piece prepared by adopting the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a through groove of a solar cell, the solar cell with the through groove prepared by the manufacturing method and a photovoltaic module prepared by the solar cell.

Background

Solar photovoltaic power generation has become a new industry which is concerned and developed intensively worldwide due to the characteristics of cleanness, safety, convenience, high efficiency and the like.

With the continuous progress of solar energy technology and the high-speed growth of large-scale system power stations, as the available photovoltaic power generation land resources are continuously reduced, the demand of high-efficiency crystalline silicon battery components is continuously increased, the solar market is developed in the future, and the photovoltaic power generation is mainly focused on the development and application of the high-efficiency crystalline silicon battery components.

In order to reduce the space between the cells and realize the package of the high-density module, for example, application No. 201820891980.2, the utility model named "solar cell and photovoltaic module" discloses a through groove formed at the end of the cell main grid and a method for forming the through groove, wherein the through groove is formed by cutting with a laser cutting method, but the through groove formed by the method has irregular section and large damage to the cell, and has cracks (the section SEM image of the cell at the through groove is shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3), so that the risk of hidden cracks of the cell is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an improved method for manufacturing a through groove of a solar cell, in which damage to the cell due to the through groove is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a manufacturing method of a solar cell through groove penetrates through a cell in the thickness direction of the cell, the manufacturing method comprises the step of cutting the cell alternately by laser and water to break the cell along a cutting path so as to form the through groove, wherein the cutting is carried out by the laser at the beginning and the cell is ensured not to break after the laser cutting.

Preferably, the number of the alternate cutting is 1, 2, 3 or more, and the cell piece is completely broken along the cutting path to form the through groove under the water cutting effect of the last alternate cutting. The most preferable alternate cutting frequency is one time, the energy consumption is low, the efficiency is high, and the regularity of the section of the through groove is more facilitated.

Preferably, the path of the laser cut and the path of the water cut are kept identical during each alternate cut to ensure the regularity of the section at the through slot.

Preferably, in each alternate cutting, water cutting is carried out within 1-2s after laser cutting, the interval time is not too long, poor cutting effect and irregular section caused by excessive cooling of the cell pieces are prevented, and the short interval time is also beneficial to improving the productivity.

Preferably, the parameters of the laser cutting are as follows: the laser power is 15-20W, the laser frequency is 500-600kHz, and the laser running speed is 18000-22000 cm/min.

More preferably, the laser cutting time is 1-2 s.

Preferably, the parameters of the water cutting are as follows: cutting by using deionized water at normal temperature, wherein the initial spraying speed of the deionized water during cutting is 15000-20000 cm/min.

More preferably, the water cutting time is 1-2 s.

In a specific embodiment, a preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water or other cooling liquid or gas, and the battery piece is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that a through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage to the battery piece and capable of reducing the subfissure risk of the battery piece. And the cutting method can be used for cutting at any position of the cell slice, such as at the edge or inside of the cell slice and can be used for dividing one cell slice into two or more sliced cell slices.

The invention also provides a solar cell prepared by the preparation method, namely the solar cell is provided with the through groove formed by the preparation method.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the battery piece has a plurality of 5-14 main grid lines, a through groove is formed in at least one end portion of the battery piece in the length extending direction of part or all of the main grid lines, a notch of the through groove faces the outer side of the battery piece, and the width of the through groove is greater than or equal to the width of the main grid lines.

The invention also provides a photovoltaic module which comprises a front plate, a front packaging layer, a battery layer, a rear packaging layer and a rear plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the battery layer comprises at least two solar battery pieces and an interconnection strip for connecting the two solar battery pieces, and at least one of the two solar battery pieces which are adjacently arranged is the solar battery piece prepared by adopting the manufacturing method.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the battery layer includes a plurality of battery strings, at least one of two adjacent battery pieces on the same battery string is a solar battery piece provided with a through groove at an end of the main grid line, and the interconnection bar for electrically connecting the two battery pieces penetrates through the through groove.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the manufacturing method of the solar cell through groove, the preset cutting path is heated by laser, then the cutting path is cooled by water, and the solar cell is cut off along the cutting path through cold and hot alternation, so that the through groove is formed, the prepared through groove is neat in section, free of cracks, less in damage of the solar cell and capable of reducing the hidden cracking risk of the solar cell.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a first sectional SEM view of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;

FIG. 2 is a second SEM image of a cross section of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;

FIG. 3 is a SEM image of a cross section of a solar cell in the prior art at a through groove;

fig. 4 is a sectional SEM picture of the solar cell prepared in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention at the through groove;

fig. 5 is a sectional SEM image of the solar cell prepared in preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention at the through groove;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a monolithic solar cell sheet prepared in preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a segmented solar cell fabricated in the preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not a whole embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.