Dichlorvos smoke agent
阅读说明：本技术 一种敌敌畏烟剂 (Dichlorvos smoke agent ) 是由 张华伟 王英爽 王佳建 宋显全 卢洪斌 安允龙 卫鑫 安永一 林文华 王春磊 樊 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及到农药用品技术领域,具体涉及到一种敌敌畏烟剂。一种敌敌畏烟剂,至少包括引火药管、拉炮、原药盛装管、盒盖,通过拉动或点燃拉炮来引燃烟剂,使其中的敌敌畏原药气化冷凝形成烟雾粒作用于植物,并通过在原药中添加热稳定剂和增效剂,增强了敌敌畏的热稳定性和与植物的附着力,通过特定方法制备拉炮以及设计调配烟剂各部分的组分,提高了烟剂的拉燃率和发烟率,同时降低了烟剂在储存运输使用过程中的危险性。(The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide supplies, in particular to a dichlorvos smoke agent. A dichlorvos smoke agent at least comprises an ignition powder tube, a pulling gun, a raw pesticide containing tube and a box cover, wherein the smoke agent is ignited by pulling or igniting the pulling gun, so that the dichlorvos raw pesticide is gasified and condensed to form smoke particles to act on plants, and the heat stability and the adhesion force with the plants are enhanced by adding a heat stabilizer and a synergist into the raw pesticide.)
1. A dichlorvos smoke agent is characterized in that the smoke agent comprises a primer pipe, a pulling gun, a raw pesticide containing pipe and a box cover; the box cover and the ignition powder tube are connected in a tenon joint mode, and a cavity is formed between the box cover and the ignition powder tube; the pulling cannon is arranged at the center of the cavity, and the raw medicine containing pipes are arranged in the cavity and are uniformly distributed around the pulling cannon;
the pulling gun comprises a pulling wire, a first medicine layer, a second medicine layer and a packaging layer; the outer layer of one end of the stay wire is coated with a first fuel as a drug twist, the first drug layer wraps the drug twist, the second drug layer wraps the first drug layer, the packaging layer wraps the second drug layer, and the other end of the stay wire is exposed out of the packaging layer;
the inside of the raw medicine containing tube is filled with a dichlorvos raw medicine, a heat stabilizer and a synergist.
2. The dichlorvos smoke agent as defined in claim 1, wherein the priming powder tube is further filled with a second propellant, and the second propellant is prepared from 45-60 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 12-18 parts by weight of sulfur, 20-26 parts by weight of kaolin, 23-53 parts by weight of ammonium chloride and 24-36 parts by weight of bagasse powder.
3. The dichlorvos smoke agent according to claim 1, wherein the first fuel comprises 75-105 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 37-52 parts by weight of sugarcane powder and 12-18 parts by weight of carbon powder.
4. The dichlorvos smoke agent as defined in claim 1, wherein the first layer contains a third fuel, and the third fuel is prepared from 12-18 parts by weight of red phosphorus, 45-60 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 22-37 parts by weight of sugarcane flour, 4.5-10.5 parts by weight of binder, and 30-60 parts by weight of water.
5. The dichlorvos smoke agent according to claim 1, wherein the second chemical layer contains a fourth chemical, and the fourth chemical is prepared from 45-75 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 12-18 parts by weight of sulfur, 20-34 parts by weight of sugarcane flour, 4-8 parts by weight of a binder and 30-60 parts by weight of water.
6. The dichlorvos smoking agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the dichlorvos technical, the heat stabilizer and the synergist is 1: (0.25-0.4): (0.05-0.25).
7. The dichlorvos smoking agent of claim 6, wherein the thermal stabilizer is cyclodextrin.
8. The dichlorvos smoke agent of claim 6, wherein the synergist is a gemini surfactant.
9. The dichlorvos smoke agent of claim 8, wherein the gemini surfactant is a sulfonate gemini surfactant.
10. The dichlorvos fumigant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the preparation method of the larval cannon comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing medicinal twist: putting potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder and carbon powder in a container according to parts by weight, and mixing the components in parts by weight according to a ratio of 1: 1, adding water according to the weight ratio, stirring to dissolve the mixture in water to prepare a first fuel, putting one end of a stay wire into the first fuel for dipping, taking out the stay wire after the stay wire is fully dipped with the first fuel, and twisting the stay wire with the first fuel;
s2: preparation of the first medicine layer: placing red phosphorus, potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder, adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a third fuel, placing the carrier material of the first fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to be used as the first fuel layer;
s3: preparing a second medicine layer: putting potassium nitrate, sulfur, sugarcane powder, an adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a fourth fuel, putting the carrier material of the second fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to prepare a second fuel layer;
s4: the gun is manufactured according to the sequence that the first medicine layer is wrapped by the medicine twist, the second medicine layer is wrapped by the first medicine layer and the second medicine layer is wrapped by the packaging layer, the gun is stored in a wet state and is dried when in use.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide supplies, in particular to a dichlorvos smoke agent.
Background
Dichlorvos is an organophosphorus pesticide, and is commonly used for effectively preventing and treating various plant diseases and insect pests in agriculture due to strong contact poisoning, stomach poisoning and fumigation effects, but the traditional dichlorvos is missible oil, a large amount of organic solvents such as benzene and xylene are used during manufacturing, the environmental protection performance cannot be reflected, and a large amount of water is required for dilution during use, so that certain difficulties are caused in mountainous areas which are inconvenient to traffic and lack of water sources.
The smoke agent developed and prepared at present mixes the agent for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests with combustible substances, and after combustion, the pesticide is gasified and condensed into smoke particles to quickly and efficiently act on plants. However, although the smoke pesticide has many advantages, not all pesticides can be prepared into aerosol, such as widely used dichlorvos, which are easily decomposed by heat, if the smoke pesticide is prepared into aerosol, most of active ingredients are decomposed by heat in the combustion process, which not only can not play a role in preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, but also severely pollutes the environment by the gas released by decomposition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a dichlorvos smoke agent, which comprises a priming powder tube, a pulling gun, a primary medicine containing tube and a box cover; the box cover and the ignition powder tube are connected in a tenon joint mode, and a cavity is formed between the box cover and the ignition powder tube; the pulling cannon is arranged at the center of the cavity, and the raw medicine containing pipes are arranged in the cavity and are uniformly distributed around the pulling cannon;
the pulling gun comprises a pulling wire, a first medicine layer, a second medicine layer and a packaging layer; the outer layer of one end of the stay wire is coated with a first fuel as a drug twist, the first drug layer wraps the drug twist, the second drug layer wraps the first drug layer, the packaging layer wraps the second drug layer, and the other end of the stay wire is exposed out of the packaging layer;
the inside of the raw medicine containing tube is filled with a dichlorvos raw medicine, a heat stabilizer and a synergist.
According to a preferable technical scheme, a second fuel is further filled in the ignition tube, and the second fuel is prepared from 45-60 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 12-18 parts by weight of sulfur, 20-26 parts by weight of kaolin, 23-53 parts by weight of ammonium chloride and 24-36 parts by weight of bagasse powder.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the preparation raw materials of the first fuel comprise, by weight, 75-105 parts of potassium perchlorate, 37-52 parts of sugarcane powder and 12-18 parts of carbon powder.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the first chemical layer contains a third chemical, and the third chemical is prepared from 12-18 parts by weight of red phosphorus, 45-60 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 22-37 parts by weight of sugarcane powder, 4.5-10.5 parts by weight of an adhesive and 30-60 parts by weight of water.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the second chemical layer contains a fourth chemical, and the fourth chemical is prepared from 45-75 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 12-18 parts by weight of sulfur, 20-34 parts by weight of sugarcane powder, 4-8 parts by weight of a binder and 30-60 parts by weight of water.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the dichlorvos technical, the heat stabilizer and the synergist is 1: (0.25-0.4): (0.05-0.25).
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat stabilizer is cyclodextrin.
As a preferable technical scheme, the synergist is a gemini surfactant.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the gemini surfactant is a sulfonate gemini surfactant.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the larval firecracker comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing medicinal twist: putting potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder and carbon powder in a container according to parts by weight, and mixing the components in parts by weight according to a ratio of 1: 1, adding water according to the weight ratio, stirring to dissolve the mixture in water to prepare a first fuel, putting one end of a stay wire into the first fuel for dipping, taking out the stay wire after the stay wire is fully dipped with the first fuel, and twisting the stay wire with the first fuel;
s2: preparation of the first medicine layer: placing red phosphorus, potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder, adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a third fuel, placing the carrier material of the first fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to be used as the first fuel layer;
s3: preparing a second medicine layer: putting potassium nitrate, sulfur, sugarcane powder, an adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a fourth fuel, putting the carrier material of the second fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to prepare a second fuel layer;
s4: the gun is manufactured according to the sequence that the first medicine layer is wrapped by the medicine twist, the second medicine layer is wrapped by the first medicine layer and the second medicine layer is wrapped by the packaging layer, the gun is stored in a wet state and is dried when in use.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a dichlorvos smoke agent, which is prepared by placing dichlorvos in a raw pesticide containing tube, wherein the smoke agent at least comprises a fire-igniting powder tube, a pulling cannon, a raw pesticide containing tube and a box cover, and the smoke agent can be ignited by pulling or igniting a pull wire on the pulling cannon, so that the dichlorvos are gasified and condensed into smoke particles.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dichlorvos smoke formulation as described in the present invention;
wherein, 1-outer package damp-proof device, 3-box cover, 4-igniting powder tube, 5-raw medicine containing tube, and 6-pulling gun.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the present invention;
wherein, 2-stay wire, 8-medical twist, 9-first medical layer, 10-second medical layer and 11-packaging layer.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.
The meaning of "first, second, third and fourth" in the present invention is to distinguish the same structural or compositional features in the product, and not to limit the order of the structures of the product of the present invention.
The dichlorvos smoke agent of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in one aspect, the invention provides a dichlorvos smoke agent, which comprises a
as shown in fig. 2, the
the raw
Dichlorvos, also known as DDVP, is technically known as O, O-dimethyl-O- (2, 2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate, is an organophosphorus pesticide, and industrial products are colorless to light brown liquids, and pure products have boiling points of 74 ℃ under 133.322Pa, are high in volatility and easy to decompose under heat, and release toxic gases containing phosphorus oxide and chloride. Because of its contact poisoning, stomach poisoning and fumigating action, it is often used as a broad-spectrum pesticide for effectively preventing and curing various diseases and pests of crops. The dichlorvos technical product is a liquid product synthesized by dichlorvos raw materials, the effective component content of the dichlorvos is high and the dichlorvos cannot be used directly, the effective component content of the dichlorvos technical product is not limited in the invention, and the effective component content of the dichlorvos technical product, or the amount of raw medicines in a technical product containing pipe and the number of the technical product containing pipes in a smoke agent can be adjusted according to the types, the application areas and the using periods of crops.
In a preferred embodiment, the dichlorvos smoke formulation further comprises an overwrap moisture barrier 1. The outer package moisture-proof device 1 is not limited in the invention and can be a bag or a box, the outer package moisture-proof device 1 is sleeved on the outermost layer to wrap other parts of the smoke agent, and the function of the outer package moisture-proof device is to ensure that the smoke agent can not absorb moisture when stored under humid climatic conditions.
In some embodiments, a second propellant is also filled in the
In some embodiments, the preparation raw materials of the first fuel comprise, by weight, 75-105 parts of potassium perchlorate, 37-52 parts of sugarcane powder and 12-18 parts of carbon powder; preferably, the preparation raw materials of the first fuel comprise 90 parts of potassium perchlorate, 45 parts of sugarcane powder and 15 parts of carbon powder.
In some embodiments, the first chemical layer contains a third chemical, and the third chemical is prepared from 12-18 parts by weight of red phosphorus, 45-60 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 22-37 parts by weight of sugarcane powder, 4.5-10.5 parts by weight of a binder and 30-60 parts by weight of water; preferably, the raw materials for preparing the third fuel comprise 15 parts of red phosphorus, 52 parts of potassium perchlorate, 30 parts of sugarcane powder, 7.5 parts of adhesive and 45 parts of water.
In some embodiments, the second chemical layer contains a fourth chemical, and the fourth chemical is prepared from 45-75 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 12-18 parts by weight of sulfur, 20-34 parts by weight of sugarcane powder, 4-8 parts by weight of a binder and 30-60 parts by weight of water; preferably, the preparation raw materials of the fourth fuel comprise 60 parts of potassium nitrate, 15 parts of sulfur, 25 parts of sugarcane powder, 6 parts of adhesive and 45 parts of water.
Kaolin is a non-metal mineral product, is clay and claystone which mainly comprises kaolinite clay minerals, is in a white, fine and soft clay shape, and has good physical and chemical properties such as plasticity, fire resistance and the like. The kaolin clay used as the flame retardant in the present invention can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available kaolin clay includes but is not limited to those having a product number XY-15 (fineness 1250 mesh) which are obtained from mineral powder processing plants in the Piaoning county.
Sugarcane contains abundant sugar and water, and also contains substances such as vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron and the like, the sugarcane powder is obtained by peeling stems of the sugarcane, crushing the stems by using a crusher, and sieving the stems, and can be obtained by commercial products, such as the commercially available sugarcane powder including but not limited to products purchased from Xian Qingzhi biotechnology limited.
Bagasse is a main byproduct in sugar industry, is a main part left after mechanical pressing of sugarcane, belongs to agricultural solid waste, mainly contains lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, coarse ash, pectin, fat and sugar, and has a spongy structure, a large water absorption capacity and a strong water retention capacity. The bagasse powder in the present invention is a powder having a particle size of less than 400 mesh obtained by pulverizing bagasse by a pulverizer and sieving, and the bagasse can be obtained commercially, for example, commercially available bagasse includes, but is not limited to, a product (water absorption of 60% and pH of 5) purchased from the ministry of agricultural and sideline products purchased from agriculture and love of nanning.
In the invention, the potassium perchlorate is used as the combustion improver in the first fuel for preparing the chemical tobacco, and the chemical property of the combustion improver is more stable than that of the potassium chlorate used in the prior art, and the mechanical sensitivity is low, so that the explosion and combustion are not easy to occur in the storage and transportation process of the smoke agent, and the use safety of the smoke agent is improved. In addition, in order to ensure the smoke rate of the smoke agent when potassium perchlorate is used as a combustion improver, the sugarcane powder is used in the first fuel, the third fuel and the fourth fuel to replace the traditional sulfur and realgar, so that on one hand, the pollution caused by sulfur dioxide released by sulfur combustion and the danger caused by the fact that the realgar is oxidized into the highly toxic arsenic trioxide are avoided, on the other hand, the sugarcane powder contains a large amount of cellulose and sugar, the carbon-hydrogen specific gravity of the sugarcane powder is high, the negative oxygen balance is large, more gas is generated under the condition of the same oxygen content, the smoke rate after the smoke agent is ignited is improved, and the strong explosive force generated after the smoke agent is ignited is beneficial to rapidly diffusing and drifting gasified smoke to all corners in an application range, so that the effective components of dichlorvos are rapidly acted on plants, and the loss of the dichlors in the diffusion process is reduced.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the dichlorvos technical to the heat stabilizer to the synergist is 1: (0.25-0.4): (0.05-0.25); preferably, the weight ratio of the dichlorvos technical to the heat stabilizer to the synergist is 1: 0.3: 0.1.
in some embodiments, the thermal stabilizer is a cyclodextrin, preferably the cyclodextrin is β -cyclodextrin.
Cyclodextrin, CD (Cyclodextrin) for short, is a general name of a series of cyclic oligosaccharides produced by amylose under the action of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase produced by bacillus, and is classified into α -cyclodextrin, β -cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin, wherein the spatial structure of β -cyclodextrin molecule is in a circular hollow cylinder shape, the opening of the gap and the exterior of the gap contain a large amount of hydroxyl groups, and the interior of the gap is hydrophilic and hydrophobic, β -cyclodextrin can be obtained commercially in the present invention, for example, β -cyclodextrin is commercially available, including but not limited to products (99% content of active substance) purchased from Siemens Mao bioscience.
In some embodiments, the potentiator is a gemini surfactant.
In a preferred embodiment, the gemini surfactant is a sulfonate gemini surfactant.
A gemini surfactant, also called gemini surfactant or gemini surfactant, is a surfactant formed by linking two or more same or almost same surfactant monomers together through chemical bonds with amphiphilic components at or near a hydrophilic head group by a linking group. The hydrophilic group of the gemini surfactant is usually a polar group, such as a cationic group such as quaternary ammonium salt, amide, amine, etc., or an anionic group such as carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, etc., or a nonionic group such as glycoside, polyol, etc.
The sulfonate gemini surfactant is selected from 2, 4-dodecyl ether-1, 5-benzene dimethyl sulfonic acid, dihydric alcohol sodium diester succinate, sodium diisooctyl succinate sulfonate, 1, 4-butanediol polyoxyethylene ether disuccinate (3) n-octyl mixed sodium diester sulfonate, 1, 4-butanediol polyoxyethylene ether disuccinate (3) sec-octyl mixed sodium diester sulfonate, one or more of 1, 4-butanediol disuccinic acid polyoxyethylene ether (3) isooctyl mixed diester sodium sulfonate, 1, 4-butanediol disuccinic acid polyoxyethylene ether (7) n-octyl mixed diester sodium sulfonate, 1, 4-butanediol disuccinic acid polyoxyethylene ether (7) sec-octyl mixed diester sodium sulfonate and 1, 4-butanediol disuccinic acid polyoxyethylene ether (7) isooctyl mixed diester sodium sulfonate; preferably, the sulfonate gemini surfactant is sodium diisooctyl succinate sulfonate, which can be obtained commercially, for example, the commercially available sodium diisooctyl succinate sulfonate includes but is not limited to the product of OT-50 (CAS number: 577-11-7) available from Nantonne Runsheng chemical Co., Ltd.
In the invention, a certain amount of β -cyclodextrin is added into the dichlorvos technical, and the cavity structure of the β -cyclodextrin forms an inclusion complex with the dichlorvos technical, thereby greatly improving the thermal stability of the dichlorvos technical and ensuring that the dichlorvos technical is not easy to decompose under the temperature condition of smoke agent combustion.
However, on the one hand, β -cyclodextrin has poor solubility, smoke formed after gasification cannot be well adsorbed on plant leaf surfaces, on the other hand, molecules of dichlorvos are included in cavities of β -cyclodextrin, although β -cyclodextrin inclusion pesticide can play a role of slow release, dichlorvos are decomposed, particularly dichlorvos which are gasified into smoke are more easily decomposed, and therefore, it is required to ensure that the smoke of the gasified dichlorvos rapidly diffuses and drifts and is uniformly attached to plant surfaces.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the larval firecracker, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing medicinal twist: putting potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder and carbon powder in a container according to parts by weight, and mixing the components in parts by weight according to a ratio of 1: 1, adding water according to the weight ratio, stirring to dissolve the mixture in water to prepare a first fuel, putting one end of a stay wire into the first fuel for dipping, taking out the stay wire after the stay wire is fully dipped with the first fuel, and twisting the stay wire with the first fuel;
s2: preparation of the first medicine layer: placing red phosphorus, potassium perchlorate, sugarcane powder, adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a third fuel, placing the carrier material of the first fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to be used as the first fuel layer;
s3: preparing a second medicine layer: putting potassium nitrate, sulfur, sugarcane powder, an adhesive and water in a container according to the parts by weight, stirring to prepare a fourth fuel, putting the carrier material of the second fuel layer in the container for dipping, and taking out the carrier material to prepare a second fuel layer;
s4: the gun is manufactured according to the sequence that the first medicine layer is wrapped by the medicine twist, the second medicine layer is wrapped by the first medicine layer and the second medicine layer is wrapped by the packaging layer, the gun is stored in a wet state and is dried when in use.
In the invention, the carrier materials of the first medicine layer and the second medicine layer are not limited, and can be paper or cloth, and the carrier materials mainly play a role in loading the third fuel and the fourth fuel.
The zipper gun contains inflammable and explosive components such as red phosphorus, potassium perchlorate and sulfur, and the danger of combustion and explosion is easy to occur during storage, so that in the process of preparing the zipper gun, water is added into the first fuel, the third fuel and the fourth fuel, so that the prepared fuel, the first fuel layer and the second fuel layer are in a wet state, the prepared zipper gun can be stored in the wet state, and the danger of combustion and explosion during the storage and transportation of the zipper gun is avoided.
The dichlorvos smoke agent is prepared by drying the fire-pulling cannon in a wet state, and mixing the fire-pulling cannon with the ignition powder pipe, the box cover, the primary medicine containing pipe, the outer packaging damp-proof device and the like when in use.