阅读说明：本技术 一种发泡海绵制品开孔方法 (Method for opening holes in foamed sponge product ) 是由 沈少杰 贡健 简鹏 高蒙蒙 庄澎 胡丹 高洪娜 杨瑞 赵晓平 胡斌 于 2019-10-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种发泡海绵制品开孔方法,将符合工艺要求的海绵半成品浸入固液混合状态下的熔融复合盐浴中,通过盐浴的循环,固态的结晶盐对海绵的薄壁组织进行破坏,短时间内达到完全开孔的效果；将已经开孔完成的发泡海绵置于温水中反复浸泡并用水枪进行冲洗,结晶盐会溶解洗出；清洗完成的成品放置于热空气烘箱内进行脱水处理。本发明的发泡海绵制品开孔方法具有开孔率高、生产成本低、安全环保性好。(The invention relates to a method for opening holes in a foamed sponge product, which is characterized in that a sponge semi-finished product meeting the process requirements is immersed in a molten composite salt bath in a solid-liquid mixed state, and through circulation of the salt bath, solid crystalline salt destroys a thin-wall tissue of the sponge, so that the effect of completely opening the holes is achieved in a short time; placing the perforated foamed sponge in warm water for repeatedly soaking and washing by using a water gun, wherein the crystallized salt is dissolved and washed out; and placing the cleaned finished product in a hot air oven for dehydration treatment. The method for opening the pores of the foaming sponge product has the advantages of high pore opening rate, low production cost, safety and good environmental protection.)

1. A method for opening pores of a foaming sponge product is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) detecting the semi-finished sponge product to ensure that the semi-finished sponge product meets the process requirements;

(2) weighing the semi-finished sponge product, recording the original mass, completely immersing the semi-finished sponge product into a molten composite salt bath in a solid-liquid mixed state, and circulating the salt bath;

(3) taking out the foamed sponge with the holes, repeatedly soaking the foamed sponge in warm water and washing the foamed sponge with a water gun, wherein the crystallized salt is dissolved and washed out;

(4) and placing the cleaned finished product in a hot air oven for dehydration until the weighed mass does not exceed 105% of the original mass.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: the volume ratio of solid to liquid in the compound salt in the step (2) is 1: 10-3: 10.

3. the method for opening cells in a foamed sponge product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the composite salt in the step (2) is two water-soluble salts with different melting points, namely a high-melting-point salt and a low-melting-point salt, wherein the melting point of the high-melting-point salt is more than 300 ℃, the melting point of the low-melting-point salt is less than 300 ℃, and the melting point temperature difference of the high-melting-point salt and the low-melting-point salt is more than 100 ℃.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: the high-melting-point salt is one or more of potassium chloride, barium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: the low-melting-point salt is one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium nitrate, a mixture of sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite, a mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate and a mixture of lithium carbonate and lithium nitrate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: and (3) circulating the salt bath in the step (2) at a flow speed of not less than 3 m/min.

7. The method for opening cells in a foamed sponge product according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the technological requirement of the sponge semi-finished product in the step (1) is that the decomposition aging temperature of the sponge is higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point salt.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: the decomposition aging temperature of the sponge semi-finished product is 50-100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point salt.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: the step (3) is specifically as follows: and taking out the foamed sponge after the hole is opened, putting the foamed sponge into water at the temperature of 30-70 ℃, repeatedly soaking the foamed sponge, and washing the foamed sponge by using a water gun until the concentration of the salt solution is reduced to be less than or equal to 1%, so that the crystallized salt can be dissolved and washed out.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of opening the foam sponge comprises: in the step (4), the temperature of the oven is 100-105 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing of foamed sponge products, and particularly relates to a hole opening method of a foamed sponge product.

Background

The porous sponge has wide application field, is used for automobile air filters and heavy metal adsorption carriers, and can completely solve the problems of dust removal, peculiar smell removal, antibiosis, sterilization, catalytic decomposition of harmful gas, high-efficiency dust removal, electrostatic dust removal and the like in air purification. The product is applied to the manufacture of household appliances (refrigerators, air conditioners, dust collectors, air fresheners, fan heaters, air conditioning fans and the like) with or with an air conditioning function and various air purification environmental protection projects. It can also be used for air exhaust, aquarium filtration, photocatalyst filtration, mechanical filter element, and can also be used as ceramic forming frame, so that it has extensive application.

Many enterprises at home and abroad need to research and develop the open-cell sponge, but the open-cell rate of the existing technology is not more than 70%, the performance of the product is seriously influenced, and the common open-cell method mainly comprises the following two methods: (1) foaming agent opening method: adding a proper foaming agent in a sponge formula, and directly generating an open-cell sponge structure in the process of forming a sponge cell structure; (2) and (3) blasting method: the principle that explosive gas explodes in the blasting box to open holes is adopted. The foaming agent tapping method has low tapping rate, the stability of the tapping rate cannot be ensured, and the blasting method also has great environmental protection and potential safety hazard.

Chinese patent CN102794909A discloses a method for opening pores in foamed sponge, which comprises the following steps: foaming and the like are carried out until a semi-finished product of the foamed sponge is obtained, then the foamed sponge is placed in an explosion box, required gases such as acetylene, oxygen and nitrogen in corresponding proportions are filled according to the external temperature, and the gases are balanced and then detonated to obtain the open-pore sponge. However, acetylene is extremely flammable gas in the hole drilling process, and the hole drilling process needs to be detonated, so that great environmental protection and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for opening a foamed sponge product, which has the advantages of high opening rate, high production efficiency, low production cost, safety and good environmental protection.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a method for opening pores of a foaming sponge product comprises the following steps:

(1) and detecting the semi-finished sponge product to ensure that the semi-finished sponge product meets the process requirements.

(2) Weighing the semi-finished sponge product, recording the original mass, and then completely immersing the semi-finished sponge product into a molten composite salt bath in a solid-liquid mixed state to circulate the salt bath.

(3) And taking out the foamed sponge with the holes, repeatedly soaking the foamed sponge in warm water and washing the foamed sponge with a water gun, wherein the crystallized salt is dissolved and washed out.

(4) And placing the cleaned finished product in a hot air oven for dehydration until the weighed mass does not exceed 105% of the original mass.

Preferably, the volume ratio of the solid state to the liquid state in the complex salt in the step (2) is 1: 10-3: 10.

preferably, the composite salt in the step (2) is two water-soluble salts with different melting points, namely a high-melting-point salt and a low-melting-point salt, wherein the melting point of the high-melting-point salt is more than 300 ℃, the melting point of the low-melting-point salt is less than 300 ℃, and the melting point temperature difference of the high-melting-point salt and the low-melting-point salt is more than 100 ℃.

More preferably, the high-melting-point salt is one or more of potassium chloride, barium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate.

More preferably, the low-melting-point salt is one or more of aluminum chloride, calcium nitrate, a mixture of sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite, a mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and a mixture of lithium carbonate and lithium nitrate.

Preferably, the flow rate of the salt bath circulation in step (2) is not less than 3 m/min.

Preferably, the process requirement of the sponge semi-finished product in the step (1) is that the decomposition aging temperature of the sponge is higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point salt.

More preferably, the decomposition aging temperature of the sponge semi-finished product is 50-100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point salt.

Preferably, the step (3) is specifically: and taking out the foamed sponge after the hole is opened, putting the foamed sponge into water at the temperature of 30-70 ℃, repeatedly soaking the foamed sponge, and washing the foamed sponge by using a water gun until the concentration of the salt solution is reduced to be less than or equal to 1%, so that the crystallized salt can be dissolved and washed out.

Preferably, the temperature of the oven in the step (4) is 100-105 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the quality of the open pore is good, and the hole breaking rate is basically one hundred percent.

(2) The molten salt has high hot melting, heat conduction value, heat stability and mass transfer speed, so that the tapping speed is high, and the production efficiency is high.

(3) The production cost is low, and the used compound salt is composed of several common salts.

(4) The safety is high, the whole process has no explosion or high-pressure flow, and the basic potential safety hazard is avoided.

(5) The environmental protection is good, no waste gas and waste water is generated in the whole process, and the environmental protection degree is high.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.