阅读说明：本技术 一种防分层环保阻燃地板革 (Anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather ) 是由 肖殿业 饶保东 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及地板革技术领域,具体涉及一种防分层环保阻燃地板革,包括以下步骤：1)基材层制备：取70~85份聚氯乙烯树脂、30~40份热塑性聚氨酯、25~30份增塑剂混合均匀后放入捏合机中,升温至120~130℃高温捏合1~3h,再向捏合机中加入8~10份卤系阻燃剂、2~3份阻燃助剂和3~5份稳定剂继续捏合0.5~1h,然后降温至110℃时,再加入10~14份改性膨胀石墨继续捏合0.5~1h后全部投入挤出机中,挤出成型得基材层；2)基材层表面处理；3)耐磨层制备和4)基材层、耐磨层辊压复合；本发明制备的地板革不仅阻燃性更佳,而且通过改性膨胀石墨有效吸附了燃烧时产生的有害气体,通过基材层的表面处理,使得得地板革之间层间结合力强,不易出现分层和翘边现象,提高了其使用寿命。(The invention relates to the technical field of floor leather, in particular to anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a base material layer: uniformly mixing 70-85 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-40 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane and 25-30 parts of plasticizer, putting the mixture into a kneading machine, heating to 120-130 ℃, kneading for 1-3 hours at high temperature, adding 8-10 parts of halogen flame retardant, 2-3 parts of flame retardant auxiliary agent and 3-5 parts of stabilizer into the kneading machine, continuously kneading for 0.5-1 hour, cooling to 110 ℃, adding 10-14 parts of modified expanded graphite, continuously kneading for 0.5-1 hour, putting the mixture into an extruder, and extruding and molding to obtain a substrate layer; 2) surface treatment of the base material layer; 3) preparing a wear-resistant layer, and 4) rolling and compounding the base material layer and the wear-resistant layer; the floor leather prepared by the invention has better flame retardance, effectively adsorbs harmful gas generated during combustion by the modified expanded graphite, and has strong interlayer bonding force, difficult layering and edge warping phenomena and prolonged service life by surface treatment of the substrate layer.)

1. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) preparing a base material layer: uniformly mixing 70-85 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-40 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane and 25-30 parts by weight of plasticizer, putting the mixture into a kneading machine, heating the mixture to 120-130 ℃, kneading the mixture for 1-3 hours at high temperature, adding 8-10 parts by weight of halogen flame retardant, 2-3 parts by weight of flame retardant aid and 3-5 parts by weight of stabilizer into the kneading machine, continuously kneading the mixture for 0.5-1 hour, cooling the mixture to 110 ℃, adding 10-14 parts by weight of modified expanded graphite, continuously kneading the mixture for 0.5-1 hour, putting the mixture into an extruder, and extruding and molding the mixture to obtain a substrate layer;

2) surface treatment of the base material layer: placing the substrate layer prepared in the step 1) in a sealed space filled with nitrogen, heating to 45-50 ℃, then carrying out radiation treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer for 10-15 min by using gamma rays generated by a 60Co source, wherein the radiation dose is 80-95 Gy/min, then taking out the substrate layer, and carrying out corona treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer for later use;

3) preparing a wear-resistant layer: putting 50-60 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40-50 parts by weight of epoxy resin and 12-14 parts by weight of polystyrene resin into a kneading machine, heating to 135-150 ℃, kneading for 1-2 hours at high temperature, adding 20-26 parts by weight of inorganic wear-resistant filler, 4-6 parts by weight of coupling agent and 6-8 parts by weight of pigment, continuously kneading for 0.5-1 hour, reducing the temperature to 95 ℃ at the cooling speed of 2-3 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 10 minutes, putting all the materials into an extruder, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain a wear-resistant layer;

4) and (3) rolling and compounding the base material layer and the wear-resistant layer: bonding the wear-resistant layer prepared in the step 3) with the substrate layer subjected to surface treatment in the step 2), rolling and forming at the temperature of 85-90 ℃ through a roller of a heating and pressing machine, then cooling to 60-65 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 8-14 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a floor leather composite layer;

the processing steps of the modified expanded graphite are as follows: adding 12-14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol into 100 parts of deionized water, stirring for dissolving, adding 30-40 parts of expanded graphite into the deionized water, stirring and dispersing into turbid liquid, then removing the deionized water through rotary evaporation, putting the solid powder left after the rotary evaporation into a ball mill, adding 8-10 parts of titanate coupling agent into the ball mill, and grinding at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 1-2 hours to obtain the nano-composite material.

2. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plasticizer in the step 1) is one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, chlorinated paraffin or epoxidized soybean oil.

3. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the halogen flame retardant in the step 1) is one of decabromodiphenyl ethane and decabromodiphenyl ether, and the flame retardant auxiliary agent is one or more of antimony trioxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide and zinc borate.

4. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the base material layer obtained in the step 1) is 1.4-1.6 mm.

5. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power of the corona treatment in the step 2) is 15-20 kv, and the alternating voltage during the treatment is 3500-5000V/m.

6. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic wear-resistant filler in the step 3) is one or more of talcum powder, calcium carbonate, white carbon black, micro silicon powder and nano aluminum oxide.

7. The anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the floor leather composite layer obtained in the step 4) is 1.8-2.0 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of floor leather, in particular to anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather.

Background

The floor leather is a floor material with the thickness not more than 2mm, which is compounded by a wear-resistant layer, a base material layer and a back felt layer, belongs to a plastic product, and is one of indispensable floor materials for modern room decoration. Along with the gradual familiarity and acceptance of people on high polymer materials, the application of the floor leather is more and more extensive, and the floor leather can be applied to vehicles, indoors and outdoors and is more and more popular with people. However, the floor leathers have fatal disadvantages, for example, the floor leathers have poor flame retardant property and are easily burnt in open fire because the base materials are mainly made of polyvinyl chloride, and the disadvantages are determined by the properties of the materials, cannot be overcome and can only be improved. At present, in order to achieve an effective flame retardant effect on the floor leather, the main means is to add a halogen flame retardant or a phosphorus-containing flame retardant and a flame retardant aid into raw materials of a substrate layer, but although the flame retardant can achieve a certain flame retardant effect in a fire process, the flame retardant and the floor leather can generate a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen cyanide when heated, and statistics is carried out on more than 80% of the causes of death of people in a fire accident and the related gases generated by the materials, so that how to reduce the emission of the harmful gases during fire retardation is also the direction of key research of people.

In addition, the phenomena of layering and edge warping caused by insufficient interlayer binding force can also occur frequently in the use process of the floor leather, and the service life of the floor leather is seriously influenced by the problems. In the process of producing and processing the existing floor leather, the pressure of the press roller is increased when people perform composite molding by the press roller, so that the effect of increasing the interlayer binding force is achieved, but the action effect is not obvious, and the phenomena of layering and edge warping still occur to the floor leather. Therefore, aiming at the defects of the existing floor leather, the invention of the floor leather capable of solving the technical problems is a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather is designed to solve the defects that a large amount of harmful gas is still generated during flame retardance of the existing floor leather and layering is easy to occur due to insufficient interlayer bonding force.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the anti-layering environment-friendly flame-retardant floor leather comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a base material layer: uniformly mixing 70-85 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-40 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane and 25-30 parts by weight of plasticizer, putting the mixture into a kneading machine, heating the mixture to 120-130 ℃, kneading the mixture for 1-3 hours at high temperature, adding 8-10 parts by weight of halogen flame retardant, 2-3 parts by weight of flame retardant aid and 3-5 parts by weight of stabilizer into the kneading machine, continuously kneading the mixture for 0.5-1 hour, cooling the mixture to 110 ℃, adding 10-14 parts by weight of modified expanded graphite, continuously kneading the mixture for 0.5-1 hour, putting the mixture into an extruder, and extruding and molding the mixture to obtain a substrate layer;

2) surface treatment of the base material layer: placing the substrate layer prepared in the step 1) in a sealed space filled with nitrogen, heating to 45-50 ℃, then carrying out radiation treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer for 10-15 min by using gamma rays generated by a 60Co source, wherein the radiation dose is 80-95 Gy/min, then taking out the substrate layer, and carrying out corona treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer for later use;

3) preparing a wear-resistant layer: putting 50-60 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 40-50 parts by weight of epoxy resin and 12-14 parts by weight of polystyrene resin into a kneading machine, heating to 135-150 ℃, kneading for 1-2 hours at high temperature, adding 20-26 parts by weight of inorganic wear-resistant filler, 4-6 parts by weight of coupling agent and 6-8 parts by weight of pigment, continuously kneading for 0.5-1 hour, reducing the temperature to 95 ℃ at the cooling speed of 2-3 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 10 minutes, putting all the materials into an extruder, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain a wear-resistant layer;

4) and (3) rolling and compounding the base material layer and the wear-resistant layer: bonding the wear-resistant layer prepared in the step 3) with the substrate layer subjected to surface treatment in the step 2), rolling and forming at the temperature of 85-90 ℃ through a roller of a heating and pressing machine, then cooling to 60-65 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 8-14 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a floor leather composite layer;

the processing steps of the modified expanded graphite are as follows: adding 12-14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol into 100 parts of deionized water, stirring for dissolving, adding 30-40 parts of expanded graphite into the deionized water, stirring and dispersing into turbid liquid, then removing the deionized water through rotary evaporation, putting the solid powder left after the rotary evaporation into a ball mill, adding 8-10 parts of titanate coupling agent into the ball mill, and grinding at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 1-2 hours to obtain the nano-composite material.

Preferably, the plasticizer in step 1) is one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, chlorinated paraffin or epoxidized soybean oil.

Preferably, the halogen flame retardant in step 1) is one of decabromodiphenyl ethane and decabromodiphenyl ether, and the flame retardant auxiliary agent is one or more of antimony trioxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide and zinc borate.

Preferably, the thickness of the base material layer obtained in the step 1) is 1.4-1.6 mm.

Preferably, the power of the corona treatment in the step 2) is 15-20 kv, and the alternating voltage during the treatment is 3500-5000V/m.

Preferably, the inorganic wear-resistant filler in step 3) is one or more of talcum powder, calcium carbonate, white carbon black, micro silicon powder and nano aluminum oxide.

Preferably, the thickness of the floor leather composite layer obtained in the step 4) is 1.8-2.0 mm.

Has the advantages that: compared with the existing floor leather, the invention changes the main raw material of the substrate layer from polyvinyl chloride into the raw material with the mass ratio of 7: 3, the polyvinyl chloride and the thermoplastic polyurethane are mixed and cooperate with each other, so that the toughness of the base material layer is improved, and the generation amount of harmful gas during burning of the floor leather can be reduced; meanwhile, the expanded graphite is dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then water is removed by evaporation, so that the total pore volume and the specific area of the expanded graphite are increased, but also generates a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface and in the pores of the expanded graphite, greatly increases the adsorbability of the expanded graphite, mixes the expanded graphite with a titanate coupling agent and then mechanically ball-mills the mixture, so that the expanded graphite can be uniformly dispersed in the mixed resin of the substrate layer, the agglomeration and deposition of the mixed resin can not be caused, the mechanical property of the substrate layer is ensured, then the modified expanded graphite and the halogen flame retardant are added into the substrate layer together, a large amount of harmful gas generated in the flame retardant process of the halogen flame retardant can be effectively absorbed into the pores by the graphite expanded by heating, greatly reduces the emission of harmful gases, ensures the flame-retardant safety of the plastic flooring, and has the excellent effects of environmental protection and flame retardance.

In addition, the surface of the base material layer is subjected to gamma-ray radiation treatment in a deoxidation environment to break a large number of C-Cl and C-H bonds on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride to form active groups, then the base material layer is subjected to corona treatment to increase the number of the active groups on the surface, each active group has higher energy, the active groups and the wear-resistant layer are subjected to rolling composite forming at the temperature of 85-90 ℃ and then subjected to heat preservation treatment at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ for 8-14H to crosslink polymers on the surface of the wear-resistant layer and the active groups on the surface of the base material layer to form a large-sheet crosslinked network, so that the bonding force between the base material layer and the wear-resistant layer is greatly enhanced, the floor leather prepared by the method cannot generate the phenomenon of layering or edge warping due to insufficient bonding force between the layers, the mixed resin of the wear-resistant layer has better compatibility, and a large number of inorganic fillers are, not only the wear resistance is improved, but also the mechanical property of the wear-resistant layer is improved to a certain extent, thereby prolonging the service life of the floor leather.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.