阅读说明：本技术 一种耐腐蚀不锈钢制作方法 (Method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant stainless steel ) 是由 陈善辉 罗锋 张晴晴 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种耐腐蚀不锈钢制作方法,包括以下步骤：(1)预熔炼：将铸铁放入熔炼炉中熔炼得到钢水,向炉内通入惰性气体,得到钢水；(2)钢水精炼：将钢水转入电弧炉内进行三次冶炼,再将所得冶炼钢水进行真空吹氧脱碳炉外精炼,精炼钢水；(3)混合：将步骤(2)精炼钢水升温,先加入Cr、Nb、Mo、熔化后,再加入C、Si、搅拌均匀后,搅拌均匀,得到混合钢液；(4)脱硫去杂：将步骤(3)制得的混合钢液送入精炼炉脱氧脱硫,得到合金钢液；(5)制坯,(6)热轧,(7)冷轧。本发明提供一种耐腐蚀不锈钢制作方法,制作加工方便,使得不锈钢具有良好耐腐蚀性。(The invention discloses a method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which comprises the following steps: (1) pre-smelting: putting the cast iron into a smelting furnace to be smelted to obtain molten steel, and introducing inert gas into the furnace to obtain the molten steel; (2) refining molten steel: transferring the molten steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting for three times, and refining the obtained smelted molten steel outside a vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization furnace to refine the molten steel; (3) mixing: heating the refined molten steel in the step (2), adding Cr, Nb and Mo, melting, adding C, Si, stirring uniformly, and stirring uniformly to obtain mixed molten steel; (4) desulfurizing and removing impurities: sending the mixed molten steel prepared in the step (3) into a refining furnace for deoxidation and desulfurization to obtain alloy molten steel; (5) blank making, (6) hot rolling, and (7) cold rolling. The invention provides a method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which is convenient to manufacture and process and enables the stainless steel to have good corrosion resistance.)

1. A method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pre-smelting: putting the cast iron into a smelting furnace to be smelted to obtain molten steel, introducing inert gas into the furnace to ensure that the air pressure in the furnace reaches 45-50Pa, heating to ensure that the cast iron is completely smelted, and preserving heat at 1580-1650 ℃ to obtain the molten steel;

(2) refining molten steel: transferring the molten steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting for three times, and refining the obtained smelted molten steel outside a vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization furnace for 15-20 minutes to obtain refined molten steel;

(3) mixing: heating the refined molten steel in the step (2) to 1650-1700 ℃, adding Cr, Nb and Mo, melting, adding C, Si, stirring uniformly, and stirring uniformly to obtain mixed molten steel;

(4) desulfurizing and removing impurities, feeding the mixed molten steel prepared in the step (3) into a refining furnace for deoxidation and desulfurization, and carrying out vacuum degassing treatment on the alloy molten steel after deoxidation and desulfurization, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 50Pa, and the holding time is 15-25min, so as to obtain the alloy molten steel;

(5) blank preparation: preparing the alloy molten steel obtained in the step (4) into an ingot;

(6) hot rolling: putting the ingot obtained in the step (6) into a continuous heating furnace for three-stage temperature processing, and continuously rolling the ingot into a hot rolled plate after the three-stage temperature processing is finished;

(7) cold rolling: carrying out cold continuous rolling on the hot rolled plate blank obtained in the step (7) to prepare a cold rolled plate, cooling after rolling at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/min to prepare a stainless steel substrate

(8) Oil removal: placing a stainless steel substrate into an oil removing agent, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 30-45s at normal temperature;

(9) acid washing, activating and cleaning: cleaning the degreased stainless steel substrate by using a high-pressure water gun, pickling in a mixed acid solution at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 10-12 minutes, activating in a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 12% for 1-1.5 minutes at the activation temperature of 55-60 ℃, and finally cleaning the activated stainless steel substrate;

(10) and (3) post-processing: and (4) immersing the stainless steel substrate cleaned finally in the step (9) into alkaline bath solution, taking out, cleaning and drying to obtain the final stainless steel substrate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inert gas in step (1) is nitrogen or argon.

3. A method of making a corrosion resistant stainless steel according to claim 2 wherein the cooling rate in step (7) is 12 ℃/min.

4. The method for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant stainless steel according to claim 3, wherein the vacuum degree in the step (4) is 45Pa, and the holding time is 22 min.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the alkaline bath solution in step (9) is 80-85 ℃ and the reaction time is 20 minutes.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the drying temperature in step (10) is 165-185 ℃ and the drying time is 40-50 minutes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of stainless steel manufacturing methods, in particular to a corrosion-resistant stainless steel manufacturing method.

Background

Stainless steel is a kind of stainless steel widely used nowadays, has good corrosivity, heat resistance, low-temperature strength and mechanical properties, and is widely used in household products, automobile parts, medical apparatus and building materials, chemical industry, food industry, agriculture, ship parts and the like.

The surface of a stainless steel is often used to have a very thin film of chromium oxide, called a passive film. The film can prevent the metal from being oxidized continuously, so that the stainless steel has strong corrosion resistance. However, the passive film on the surface of stainless steel is fragile at the places due to defects existing in the steel processing technology, the stainless steel is easy to be damaged in a specific corrosive solution, and the surface passive film is easy to be locally damaged and weak in toughness and plasticity because dislocations move to the metal surface along a slip plane under the action of tensile stress of some processed stainless steel.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which is convenient to manufacture and process and enables the stainless steel to have good corrosion resistance.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing the corrosion-resistant stainless steel comprises the following steps:

(1) pre-smelting: putting the cast iron into a smelting furnace to be smelted to obtain molten steel, introducing inert gas into the furnace to ensure that the air pressure in the furnace reaches 45-50Pa, heating to ensure that the cast iron is completely smelted, and preserving heat at 1580-1650 ℃ to obtain the molten steel;

(2) refining molten steel: transferring the molten steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting for three times, and refining the obtained smelted molten steel outside a vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization furnace for 15-20 minutes to obtain refined molten steel;

(3) mixing: heating the refined molten steel in the step (2) to 1650-1700 ℃, adding Cr, Nb and Mo, melting, adding C, Si, stirring uniformly, and stirring uniformly to obtain mixed molten steel;

(4) desulfurizing and removing impurities, feeding the mixed molten steel prepared in the step (3) into a refining furnace for deoxidation and desulfurization, and carrying out vacuum degassing treatment on the alloy molten steel after deoxidation and desulfurization, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 50Pa, and the holding time is 15-25min, so as to obtain the alloy molten steel;

(5) blank preparation: preparing the alloy molten steel obtained in the step (4) into an ingot;

(6) hot rolling: putting the ingot obtained in the step (6) into a continuous heating furnace for three-stage temperature processing, and continuously rolling the ingot into a hot rolled plate after the three-stage temperature processing is finished;

(7) cold rolling: carrying out cold continuous rolling on the hot rolled plate blank obtained in the step (7) to prepare a cold rolled plate, cooling after rolling at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/min to prepare a stainless steel substrate

(8) Oil removal: placing a stainless steel substrate into an oil removing agent, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 30-45s at normal temperature;

(9) acid washing, activating and cleaning: cleaning the degreased stainless steel substrate by using a high-pressure water gun, pickling in a mixed acid solution at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 10-12 minutes, activating in a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 12% for 1-1.5 minutes at the activation temperature of 55-60 ℃, and finally cleaning the activated stainless steel substrate;

(10) and (3) post-processing: and (4) immersing the stainless steel substrate cleaned finally in the step (9) into alkaline bath solution, taking out, cleaning and drying to obtain the final stainless steel substrate.

Preferably, the inert gas in step (1) is nitrogen or argon.

Preferably, the cooling rate in the step (7) is 12 ℃/min.

Further, the vacuum degree in the step (4) is 45Pa, and the maintaining time is 22 min.

Further, the temperature of the alkaline bath solution in the step (9) is 80-85 ℃, and the reaction time is 20 minutes.

Further, the drying temperature in the step (10) is 165-185 ℃, and the drying time is 40-50 minutes.

Compared with the prior art, the corrosion-resistant stainless steel manufacturing method has the advantages that the cast iron is processed into the corrosion-resistant stainless steel through the processes of pre-smelting, molten steel refining, mixing, desulfurizing, impurity removing, blank making, hot rolling and cold rolling, so that the process is simple, and the stainless steel has good corrosion resistance; and the stainless steel substrate after cold rolling is further subjected to oil removal, pickling, activation, cleaning and drying, so that the surface of the stainless steel has better corrosion resistance.

Detailed Description

The manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant stainless steel comprises the following steps:

(1) pre-smelting: putting the cast iron into a smelting furnace to be smelted to obtain molten steel, introducing inert gas such as nitrogen or argon into the furnace to ensure that the air pressure in the furnace reaches 45-50Pa, heating to completely melt the cast iron, and preserving heat at 1580-1650 ℃ to obtain the molten steel;

(2) refining molten steel: transferring the molten steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting for three times, and refining the obtained smelted molten steel outside a vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization furnace for 15-20 minutes to obtain refined molten steel;

(3) mixing: heating the refined molten steel in the step (2) to 1650-1700 ℃, adding Cr, Nb and Mo, melting, adding C, Si, stirring uniformly, and stirring uniformly to obtain mixed molten steel;

(4) desulfurizing and removing impurities, feeding the mixed molten steel prepared in the step (3) into a refining furnace for deoxidation and desulfurization, and carrying out vacuum degassing treatment on the alloy molten steel after deoxidation and desulfurization, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 50Pa, and the holding time is 15-25min, so as to obtain the alloy molten steel;

(5) blank preparation: preparing the alloy molten steel obtained in the step (4) into an ingot;

(6) hot rolling: putting the ingot obtained in the step (6) into a continuous heating furnace for three-stage temperature processing, and continuously rolling the ingot into a hot rolled plate after the three-stage temperature processing is finished;

(7) cold rolling: carrying out cold continuous rolling on the hot rolled plate blank obtained in the step (7) to prepare a cold rolled plate, cooling after rolling at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/min to prepare a stainless steel substrate

(8) Oil removal: placing a stainless steel substrate into an oil removing agent, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 30-45s at normal temperature;

(9) acid washing, activating and cleaning: cleaning the degreased stainless steel substrate by using a high-pressure water gun, pickling in a mixed acid solution at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 10-12 minutes, activating in a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 12% for 1-1.5 minutes at the activation temperature of 55-60 ℃, and finally cleaning the activated stainless steel substrate;

(10) and (3) post-processing: immersing the stainless steel substrate cleaned finally in the step (9) into alkaline bath solution, taking out, cleaning and drying to obtain a final stainless steel substrate;

as a matter of preference, it is preferable that,

(1) pre-smelting: putting the cast iron into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten steel, introducing nitrogen into the furnace to ensure that the air pressure in the furnace reaches 45Pa, heating to completely melt the cast iron, and preserving heat at 1580-1650 ℃ to obtain the molten steel;

(2) refining molten steel: transferring the molten steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting for three times, and refining the obtained smelted molten steel outside a vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization furnace for 15-20 minutes to obtain refined molten steel;

(3) mixing: heating the refined molten steel in the step (2) to 1650-1700 ℃, adding Cr, Nb and Mo, melting, adding C, Si, stirring uniformly, and stirring uniformly to obtain mixed molten steel;

(4) desulfurizing and removing impurities, feeding the mixed molten steel prepared in the step (3) into a refining furnace for deoxidation and desulfurization, and carrying out vacuum degassing treatment on the alloy molten steel after deoxidation and desulfurization, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 50Pa, and the holding time is 15-25min, so as to obtain the alloy molten steel;

(5) blank preparation: preparing the alloy molten steel obtained in the step (4) into an ingot;

(6) hot rolling: putting the ingot obtained in the step (6) into a continuous heating furnace for three-stage temperature processing, and continuously rolling the ingot into a hot rolled plate after the three-stage temperature processing is finished;

(7) cold rolling: carrying out cold continuous rolling on the hot rolled plate blank obtained in the step (7) to prepare a cold rolled plate, and cooling after rolling at the cooling speed of 12 ℃/min to prepare a stainless steel substrate;

(8) oil removal: placing a stainless steel substrate into an oil removing agent, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 30-45s at normal temperature;

(9) acid washing, activating and cleaning: cleaning the degreased stainless steel substrate by using a high-pressure water gun, pickling in a mixed acid solution at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 10-12 minutes, activating in a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 12% for 1-1.5 minutes at the activation temperature of 55-60 ℃, and finally cleaning the activated stainless steel substrate;

(10) and (3) post-processing: and (4) immersing the stainless steel substrate finally cleaned in the step (9) into alkaline bath solution at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 20 minutes, taking out the stainless steel substrate for cleaning and drying at the drying temperature of 165-185 ℃ for 40-50 minutes to obtain the final stainless steel substrate.