阅读说明：本技术 一种旋流扩散型闪速炉精矿喷嘴 (Concentrate nozzle of cyclone diffusion type flash furnace ) 是由 洪育民 陈卓 夏中治 龙鹏 文仁 朱宇 桂云辉 *** 匡顺根 俞秋红 瞿贵科 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种旋流扩散型闪速炉精矿喷嘴,精矿从出料口出来后,先与工艺风室下来的工艺风接触部分混合,再被旋流风管出来的旋流风强力扰动,使得精矿的分散性更好,与工艺风、旋流风混合的更加均匀,而外层,在较高流速的工艺风笼罩下,使得精矿和工艺风形成的旋流混合物控制在炉体中心区域内,从而减少对反应塔炉壁的蚀损。整个精矿喷嘴结构简单,但强化了反应塔内的传质、传热速率,从而使得熔炼得到的冰铜产能提升,进而有效降低烟尘发生率以及烟气中的SO<Sub>3</Sub>生成率,为后序的烟气处理降低难度。(The invention provides a concentrate nozzle of a cyclone diffusion type flash furnace, wherein concentrate is firstly mixed with a contact part of process air from a process air chamber after being discharged from a discharge hole, and then is forcibly disturbed by cyclone air discharged from a cyclone air pipe, so that the dispersibility of the concentrate is better, the concentrate is more uniformly mixed with the process air and the cyclone air, and the cyclone mixture formed by the concentrate and the process air is controlled in the central area of a furnace body under the process air cage cover with higher flow velocity at the outer layer, so that the corrosion damage to the wall of a reaction tower is reduced. The whole concentrate nozzle is simple in structure, but mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the reaction tower are enhanced, SO that the production capacity of matte obtained by smelting is improved, and the smoke dust occurrence rate and SO in smoke gas are effectively reduced 3 The generation rate reduces the difficulty of the subsequent flue gas treatment.)

1. The utility model provides a whirl diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle which characterized in that, by interior and outside include vertical, the support column of cover setting arrangement, whirl tuber pipe and inlet pipe, form whirl wind channel between support column and the whirl tuber pipe, form the concentrate passageway between whirl tuber pipe and the inlet pipe, the bottom of concentrate passageway is equipped with the discharge gate, the bottom of whirl wind channel is equipped with the whirl blade, the least significant end of whirl blade is less than the discharge gate, the water jacket is established to the outside cover of inlet pipe, form the process wind cavity between inlet pipe and the water jacket, the bottom of process wind cavity is equipped with the technology wind export, technology wind export is higher than the discharge gate.

2. The cyclone diffusion type flash furnace concentrate burner of claim 1, characterized in that the concentrate burner is arranged above the reaction shaft.

3. The concentrate burner of cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the central lines of the supporting pillar, the cyclone air pipe and the feeding pipe are coincident and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters are increased in turn.

4. The concentrate burner of the cyclone diffusion type flash furnace according to claim 1, wherein a cone frustum is installed at the bottom of the supporting column, a cyclone air outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone air channel, cyclone blades are fixed between the tube wall of the cyclone air tube and the side surface of the cone frustum through threads at the position of the cyclone air outlet, and the cyclone blades can move up and down or change the inclination angle through threaded connection.

5. The concentrate burner of the cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 4, wherein the truncated cone is screwed to the support column.

6. The cyclone diffusion type flash furnace concentrate burner of claim 4, characterized in that the virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the cyclone blade and the side surface of the cone frustum have a coincident center line.

7. The concentrate burner of cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the feeding pipe is provided with an adjusting cone which can move up and down, the middle area of the adjusting cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting cone are gradually reduced to form a shape similar to a truncated cone.

8. The working method of the concentrate burner of the cyclone diffusion flash furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the concrete steps are as follows:

(1) concentrate enters a concentrate channel and goes down through a discharge hole, meanwhile, cyclone air enters a cyclone air channel and goes down to a cyclone air outlet, and process air enters a process air chamber and goes down to a process air outlet;

(2) one part of the concentrate is scattered by the outer side of the cyclone blade and is diffused outwards, the other part of the concentrate is mixed with the contact part of the process air from the process air outlet, and then is strongly disturbed by the cyclone air from the cyclone air outlet, so that the concentrate is fully dispersed and is uniformly mixed with the process air and the cyclone air to form a cyclone mixture, and the cyclone mixture is controlled in the reaction tower, so that the corrosion damage to the wall of the reaction tower is reduced.

9. The working method of claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the swirl vanes can move upwards to reduce the area of the discharge hole, so that the concentrate is forced to further receive the dispersing action outside the swirl vanes and enter the reaction tower to be better contacted with the process air and the swirl air for reaction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of copper smelting, in particular to a concentrate nozzle of a cyclone diffusion type flash furnace.

Background

The flash furnace is an intensified smelting equipment invented by Ottokupu corporation of Finland for treating powdery sulfide minerals, and generally consists of 4 main parts, such as a concentrate nozzle, a reaction tower, a sedimentation tank, an ascending flue and the like. In the flash smelting process of copper, a concentrate nozzle is a core part and is positioned at the top of a reaction tower, copper concentrate, process air and dispersing air are sprayed into the reaction tower through the concentrate nozzle, the concentrate and reaction gas are mixed and then undergo a combustion reaction to be oxidized to form slag and matte, and a large amount of heat is released. Therefore, the uniform degree of the mixture of the concentrate and the reaction gas plays a role in determining the oxidation reaction of the concentrate, if the mixture is not well mixed, the phenomenon of delayed ignition can occur, the mass transfer and heat transfer rates of the whole combustion reaction are influenced, even partial unreacted materials directly fall into a sedimentation tank to form a 'raw material falling' phenomenon, the furnace condition of a reaction tower is poor, the content of ferroferric oxide in furnace slag is increased, the copper and the slag are difficult to discharge, and the phenomenon is the same as that of the slag discharged by a copper discharging towerIncreased generation rate of smoke and dust, and SO in smoke and dust ₃An increase in the rate of formation and a significant decrease in the efficiency of oxygen utilization.

At present, most of concentrate nozzles adopted by flash smelting in the smelting plant in China are central injection diffusion type concentrate nozzles, the concentrate nozzles are provided with air adjusting cones, material distributing cones, dispersing air and central oil guns, and the air outlet speed of process air is stably and steplessly adjusted by moving the upper and lower positions of the air adjusting cones, so that concentrate in a reaction tower is mixed with oxygen-enriched air. However, with the continuous increase of the production capacity and the smelting strength of the reaction tower, the occurrence rate of abnormal conditions such as lower raw material, material segregation, furnace body overheating and smoke rate increase in production is obviously increased, and the existing concentrate nozzle structure cannot well meet the requirements of full mixing and rapid reaction of gas and material in the furnace under the condition of high feeding amount.

Patent CN200880105946.7 discloses a concentrate nozzle, on the basis of the existing concentrate nozzle, a guide vane is arranged in an air chamber to provide a corresponding rotating wind flow field, the manufacturing process of the concentrate nozzle arranged in this way is complex, and the strength of the rotating wind flow field of the reaction gas after the arrangement is reduced and weakened when the reaction gas passes through a bird nest water jacket and reaches the flash furnace top, so that the expected requirements cannot be met, the concentrate nozzle still has the phenomena of uneven material mixing, upward backflow of air flow and unsmooth concentrate blanking, and the effect is poor.

Patent CN201410725685.6 discloses a cyclone type concentrate burner, which is based on the existing concentrate burner, wherein a cyclone bird nest water jacket capable of forming rotating wind is fixed on the lower end of the air chamber, a cyclone tube capable of forming rotating wind is fixed on the lower ends of the outer layer of the feeding pipe and the feeding pipe, and the wind directions of the rotating wind generated by the cyclone bird nest water jacket and the cyclone tube are the same. The manufacturing process of the nozzle is complex, the mixing effect of the gas entering the furnace and the concentrate in a rotating mode is not obviously enhanced, the strength of the rotating wind flow field cannot meet the expected requirement when the gas enters the reaction tower, and the concentrate nozzle still has the problems of uneven material mixing and no obvious effect.

Patents cn201020284998.x and CN201110208013.4 disclose two methods, both of which are that the concentrate is completely arranged on the outer ring of the reaction air cyclone, and the concentrate particles are driven to move by means of cyclone expansion to form a high-speed rotating mixed cyclone body and implement mass transfer and heat transfer between gas particles. However, the entrainment outside the cyclone body is too large, so that a large amount of high-temperature flue gas after reaction flows back to the top of the reaction tower, and the loss of the top of the reaction tower is too fast; the swirl strength can be adjusted but is difficult to control; the reaction gas diffuses from inside to outside, and most of oxygen is consumed when the reaction gas reaches the outer ring of the material ring, so that the concentrate particles on the outer ring of the material ring cannot be oxidized.

Patent CN201510078260.5 discloses a rotary floating smelting method, in which pulverous sulphidic concentrate and oxygen-containing gas are injected into the space of a high temperature reaction tower through the equipment. The oxygen-containing gas is divided into two parts before entering the apparatus: the second oxygen-containing gas is sprayed into the reaction tower in an annular direct current mode to form a bell-shaped air curtain; the first oxygen-containing gas is converted into a rotating jet flow by the device and is injected in the center of the air curtain. In the annular space between the two air flows, the concentrate enters in the direction of deviating from the center, is sucked by the rotary jet and sucks high-temperature flue gas from the lower part of the reaction tower to form two-phase rotary jet with mixed gas particles. When the sulfide concentrate is ignited at high temperature, the sulfide concentrate and oxygen are subjected to violent combustion reaction and release rich SO ₂The flue gas is simultaneously formed into mixed melt containing the matte (or metal) and the slag, and finally, the matte (or metal) and the slag are separated at the bottom of the reaction tower to complete the metallurgical process. However, the adaptability to the feeding is poor, the reaction effect is good when the feeding amount is large, and when the feeding amount is changed, particularly when the feeding amount is small, the furnace condition is poor, and the phenomenon of discharging raw materials occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a concentrate nozzle of a cyclone diffusion type flash furnace, which aims to solve the technical problems of low mass transfer and heat transfer rates, serious smoke pollution and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a concentrate nozzle of a cyclone diffusion type flash furnace, which comprises a support column, a cyclone air pipe and a feed pipe which are vertically arranged in a sleeved mode from inside to outside, wherein a cyclone air channel is formed between the support column and the cyclone air pipe, a concentrate channel is formed between the cyclone air pipe and the feed pipe, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the concentrate channel, a cyclone blade is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone air channel, the lowest end of the cyclone blade is lower than the discharge hole, a water jacket is sleeved outside the feed pipe, a process air chamber is formed between the feed pipe and the water jacket, a process air outlet is formed in the bottom of the process air chamber, and the process air outlet is.

Preferably, the concentrate burner is arranged above the reaction shaft.

Preferably, the central lines of the supporting column, the rotational flow air pipe and the feeding pipe are overlapped and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters are sequentially increased.

Preferably, the bottom of the supporting column is provided with a cone frustum, the bottom of the cyclone air channel is provided with a cyclone air outlet, and at the position of the cyclone air outlet, the wall of the cyclone air pipe and the side surface of the cone frustum are fixed with cyclone blades through threads, and the cyclone blades can move up and down or change the inclination angle through threaded connection.

Further preferably, the cone frustum is connected with the supporting column through threads.

Further preferably, a virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the swirling vane and the side surface of the truncated cone have a center line which is coincident with each other.

Preferably, the outer side of the feeding pipe is provided with an adjusting cone capable of moving up and down, the middle area of the adjusting cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting cone are gradually reduced to form a shape similar to a cone frustum. When the adjusting cone moves downwards, the distance between the surface of the adjusting cone and the water jacket in the process air chamber is reduced, and the flow speed of the process air is increased. On the contrary, when the adjusting cone moves upwards, the process wind speed is reduced.

The working method of the concentrate nozzle of the cyclone diffusion type flash furnace comprises the following specific steps:

(1) concentrate enters a concentrate channel and goes down through a discharge hole, meanwhile, cyclone air enters a cyclone air channel and goes down to a cyclone air outlet, and process air enters a process air chamber and goes down to a process air outlet;

(2) one part of the concentrate is scattered by the outer side of the swirl blades and is diffused outwards, the other part of the concentrate is mixed with the contact part of the process air from the process air outlet, and then is strongly disturbed by the swirl air from the swirl air outlet, so that the concentrate is fully dispersed and is uniformly mixed with the process air and the swirl air to form a swirl mixture, and the swirl mixture is controlled in the central area of the reaction tower, so that the corrosion damage to the wall of the reaction tower is reduced.

Preferably, in the step (2), the swirl blades can move upwards to reduce the area of the discharge hole, so that the concentrate is forced to further receive the dispersing action outside the swirl blades and enter the reaction tower to better contact with the process air and the swirl air for reaction.

Preferably, the included angle between the swirl blades and the horizontal direction can be changed to change the emergent angle of swirl wind at the swirl wind outlet, so that the swirl strength is correspondingly changed along with the feeding amount, the mixing uniformity of the concentrate and the process wind can be effectively improved, and the combustion effect of the concentrate is further improved; under different feeding quantities, the flow adaptability of the cyclone wind is changed.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

by utilizing the concentrate nozzle, after the concentrate comes out from the discharge hole, the concentrate is firstly mixed with the contact part of the process air coming from the process air chamber and then is forcibly disturbed by the cyclone air coming out from the cyclone air pipe, so that the dispersibility of the concentrate is better, the concentrate is more uniformly mixed with the process air and the cyclone air, and the cyclone mixture formed by the concentrate and the cyclone air is controlled in the space in the furnace under the higher process air cage at the outer layer, thereby reducing the corrosion damage to the wall of the reaction tower.

Through field industrial tests, under the condition of concentrate feeding amount of 140t/h, the combustion effect of the concentrate in the reaction tower is obviously improved, the mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the tower are improved, and Fe in slag ₃O ₄The content of the active oxygen is reduced by 2 percent, the smoke generation rate is reduced to about 3 percent, the oxygen utilization rate is improved, and SO in the smoke is reduced ₃The generation rate is reduced by about 1 percent, and the difficulty is reduced for the subsequent smoke treatment.

The whole concentrate nozzle is simple in structure, but the mass transfer and heat transfer rates in the reaction tower are enhanced, and the capacity of the matte obtained by smelting is improved by 5%.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the swirl vanes;

wherein, 1 is a rotational flow air channel, 2 is a concentrate channel, 3 is a process air chamber, 4 is a water jacket, 5 is a rotational flow air pipe, 6 is an adjusting cone, 7 is a support column, 8 is a feeding pipe, 9 is a reaction tower, 10 is a process air outlet, 11 is a discharge port, 12 is a rotational flow blade, 13 is a rotational flow air outlet, and 14 is a cone frustum.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the cyclone diffusion type flash furnace concentrate nozzle comprises a vertical support column 7, a cyclone air pipe 5 and a feed pipe 8 which are arranged in a sleeved mode, a cyclone air channel 1 is formed between the support column 7 and the cyclone air pipe 5, a concentrate channel 2 is formed between the cyclone air pipe 5 and the feed pipe 8, a discharge hole 11 is formed in the bottom of the concentrate channel 2, a cyclone blade 12 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone air channel 1, the lowest end of the cyclone blade 12 is lower than the discharge hole 11, a water jacket 4 is sleeved outside the feed pipe 8, a process air chamber 3 is formed between the feed pipe 8 and the water jacket 4, a process air outlet 10 is formed in the bottom of the process air chamber 3, and the process air outlet 10 is higher than the discharge hole 11.

The concentrate burner is arranged above the reaction shaft 9.

The central lines of the supporting column 7, the cyclone air pipe 5 and the feeding pipe 8 are overlapped and vertical, and the diameters or pipe diameters are increased in sequence.

The bottom of the supporting column 7 is provided with a cone frustum 14, the bottom of the cyclone air channel 1 is provided with a cyclone air outlet 13, the cyclone blades 12 are fixed between the tube wall of the cyclone air pipe and the side surface of the cone frustum 14 through threads at the position of the cyclone air outlet 13, and the cyclone blades 12 can move up and down or change the inclination angle through threaded connection. The cone frustum 14 is connected with the supporting column 7 through threads. The virtual curved surface formed by the outer edge of the swirl vane 12 and the side surface of the truncated cone 14 have a center line coinciding with each other.

The outer side of the feeding pipe 8 is provided with an adjusting cone 6 which can move up and down, the middle area of the adjusting cone is a cylindrical surface, and the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting cone gradually shrink to form a shape similar to a truncated cone. When the adjusting cone moves downwards, the distance between the surface of the adjusting cone and the water jacket in the process air chamber is reduced, and the flow speed of the process air is increased. On the contrary, when the adjusting cone moves upwards, the process wind speed is reduced.

The working method of the concentrate nozzle of the cyclone diffusion type flash furnace comprises the following specific steps:

(1) concentrate enters a concentrate channel 2 and descends through a discharge hole 11, meanwhile, cyclone air enters a cyclone air channel 1 and descends to a cyclone air outlet 13, and process air enters a process air chamber 3 and descends to a process air outlet 10;

(2) one part of the concentrate is scattered by the outer side of the cyclone blade 12 and is diffused outwards, the other part of the concentrate is mixed with the contact part of the process air from the process air outlet 10, and then is disturbed by the cyclone air from the cyclone air outlet 13 with strong force, so that the concentrate is fully dispersed and is uniformly mixed with the process air and the cyclone air to form a cyclone mixture, and the cyclone mixture is controlled in the reaction tower 9, so that the corrosion damage to the wall of the reaction tower 9 is reduced.

Preferably, in the step (2), the swirl blades 12 can move upwards to reduce the area of the discharge hole, so that the concentrate is forced to further receive the dispersing action outside the swirl blades 12 and enter the reaction tower 9 to better contact with the process air and the swirl air for reaction.

The included angle between the cyclone blade and the horizontal direction can be changed to change the emergent angle of the cyclone wind at the cyclone wind outlet, so that the cyclone strength is correspondingly changed along with the feeding amount, the mixing uniformity of the concentrate and the process wind can be effectively improved, and the combustion effect of the concentrate is further improved; under different feeding quantities, the flow adaptability of the cyclone wind is changed.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.