阅读说明：本技术 一种内源释放及底泥呼吸速率野外原位监测实验装置及其使用方法 (Endogenous release and sediment respiration rate field in-situ monitoring experimental device and using method thereof ) 是由 黄志伟 杜宏伟 李小宝 李文静 李伟杰 崔飞剑 杨润冕 房怀阳 林澍 谭秀琴 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的属于实验装置技术领域,具体为一种内源释放及底泥呼吸速率野外原位监测实验装置及其使用方法,包括钢桶、顶板、连接杆和配电箱,所述钢桶的顶部焊接所述顶板,该种内源释放及底泥呼吸速率野外原位监测实验装置及其使用方法,通过配件的组合运用,具备原位监测底泥内源释放及其上覆水变化情况的功能；利用传感器的组合替换具备实时在线监测多个指标,指标包括：氨氮、硝氮、亚硝氮、总磷、COD、溶解氧等的功能,对沉积物扰动较小,不会破坏沉积物原有理化环境,可真实反映污染物在沉积物-水界面的迁移转化过程,密封要求低,可有效防止电气元件长时间浸泡在水中而发生故障,在配合外部抽水的同时,保证装置有效使用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental devices, and particularly relates to an endogenous release and bottom sediment respiration rate field in-situ monitoring experimental device and a using method thereof, wherein the experimental device comprises a steel barrel, a top plate, a connecting rod and a distribution box, the top plate is welded on the top of the steel barrel, and the endogenous release and bottom sediment respiration rate field in-situ monitoring experimental device and the using method thereof have the functions of in-situ monitoring endogenous release of bottom sediment and change conditions of overlying water through combined application of accessories; the combination replacement of the sensors is used for monitoring a plurality of indexes on line in real time, and the indexes comprise: the functions of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD, dissolved oxygen and the like are small in disturbance on the sediment, the original physicochemical environment of the sediment is not damaged, the migration and conversion process of pollutants at a sediment-water interface can be truly reflected, the sealing requirement is low, the electric element can be effectively prevented from being broken down due to long-time soaking in water, and the device is ensured to be effectively used when being matched with external water pumping.)

1. The utility model provides an open-air normal position monitoring experiment device of endogenous release and bed mud respiratory rate which characterized in that: the steel drum type gas sensor comprises a steel drum (100), a top plate (200), a connecting rod (300) and a distribution box (400), wherein the top of the steel drum (100) is welded with the top plate (200), the top of the top plate (200) is in threaded connection with the connecting rod (300), the top of the connecting rod (300) is in threaded connection with the distribution box (400), the top of the top plate (200) is connected with a first check valve (210), a second check valve (220) and a third check valve (230) through flanges, the top of the top plate (200) is provided with a hole, the circumferential inner wall of the hole is in threaded connection with a hanging ring (240), the top of the top plate (200) is provided with a round hole, the circumferential inner wall of the round hole is in threaded connection with a first sensor (250), a second sensor (260), a third sensor (270) and a fourth sensor (280), and a power line (320) and a, the top threaded connection of roof (200) has mount (340), screw fixedly connected with agitator pump (350) is passed through to the bottom of mount (340), the electrical output of power cord (320) with the electrical input electric connection of agitator pump (350), the electrical input of power cord (320) with block terminal (400) electric connection, first sensor (250), second sensor (260), third sensor (270) and the electrical output of fourth sensor (280) passes through signal line (330) with block terminal (400) electric connection.

2. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the steel barrel (100) is of a bottom opening structure, and a skirt (110) is welded to the outer wall of the circumference of the steel barrel (100).

3. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the steel drum is characterized in that a water taking hole (120) is formed in the circumferential outer wall of the steel drum (100), and a rubber pipe is inserted into the water taking hole (120).

4. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the first check valve (210), the second check valve (220), and the third check valve (230) are spaced at the same interval.

5. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of connecting rod (300) is hollow structure, inner rubber ring (310) has been cup jointed to the circumference inner wall of connecting rod (300), the length of inner rubber ring (310) with the length of connecting rod (300) is the same.

6. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the top welding of block terminal (400) has block terminal rings (410), the top welding of block terminal (400) has distribution board (420), block terminal (400) with the outside spraying of distribution board (420) has waterproofly.

7. The field in-situ monitoring experiment device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the stirring pump (350) is connected with a stirring blade through a shaft lever.

8. A method for using the experimental apparatus for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rates according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the use method of the experimental device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate comprises the following steps:

s1: when in monitoring, the first sensor (250), the second sensor (260), the third sensor (270), the fourth sensor (280) and related electrical elements of the stirring pump (350) are connected, and the device is slowly released from the water surface to the water bottom after the lifting ring (240) on the top plate (200) is connected by a rope;

s2, forming a closed space consisting of the bottom mud of the river channel and the overlying water in the device, and adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring pump (350) according to the flow rate of the river to finish the simulation of the river bed environment;

s3: the first sensor (250), the second sensor (260), the third sensor (270) and the fourth sensor (280) in the device are used for monitoring online for a long time to obtain a time sequence of index data of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the water covered on the bottom sediment of the river channel, and the time sequence is used for analyzing the release of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the change condition of the indexes covered on the bottom sediment of the river channel;

s4: if the water covering the inside of the device needs to be extracted for other experimental analysis, the device can be connected with the water taking hole (120) through a plastic pipe made of inert materials before being put down, and after the device is put into the water bottom and is stabilized, an operator extracts a water sample from the plastic pipe on a ship.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate and a using method thereof.

Background

With the development of human activities, a large amount of pollutants enter water bodies such as rivers and lakes in a point source or non-point source mode, one of the pollutants is mainly accumulated and attached in bottom mud in a series of migration and transformation processes in the water bodies, and when the physicochemical properties of the water environment are changed or other external forces such as hydrodynamic conditions and the like cause great disturbance to the bottom mud, the pollutants are released into the water bodies from the bottom mud again to cause endogenous pollution.

With the gradual control of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge and other external sources, endogenous pollution gradually becomes a main pollution source, and the research on endogenous release mechanisms and influencing factors of pollutants becomes a current research hotspot.

At present, experimental research on endogenous release of bottom mud in riverways is mainly carried out in an ectopic mode, namely, sediments and overlying water are collected and returned to a laboratory for laboratory analysis and related experiments. However, the original physicochemical environment of the sediment is seriously damaged due to the fact that the sediment is possibly greatly disturbed in the sample collection process, and the migration and transformation process of the pollutants on the sediment-water interface cannot be truly reflected. The existing in-situ observation device still has great limitation in the aspects of working length and monitoring index content, a battery, an instrument host, a line and the like of the existing in-situ observation device are often placed in a sealing device, the device has high waterproofness, and when the device is put in the original water bottom, the device is not beneficial to observing and maintaining the running state of the device, and sensor data or a water sample in the process of collection cannot be acquired in real time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an experimental device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the conventional experimental research on the endogenous release of the sediment in the riverway is mainly carried out in an ectopic mode, namely, sediment and overlying water are collected and returned to a laboratory for test analysis and related experiments. However, the original physicochemical environment of the sediment is seriously damaged due to the fact that the sediment is possibly greatly disturbed in the sample collection process, and the migration and transformation process of the pollutants on the sediment-water interface cannot be truly reflected. The existing in-situ observation device still has great limitation in the aspects of working length and monitoring index content, a battery, an instrument host, a line and the like of the existing in-situ observation device are often placed in a sealing device, the waterproofness of the device is high, and when the device is put in the original water bottom, the device is not beneficial to observing and maintaining the running state of the device, and the problem that sensor data or a water sample in the process of collection cannot be obtained in real time is solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an experimental device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate and a use method thereof comprise a steel drum, a top plate, a connecting rod and a distribution box, wherein the top of the steel drum is welded with the top plate, the top of the top plate is in threaded connection with the connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the distribution box, the top of the top plate is connected with a first check valve, a second check valve and a third check valve through flanges, the top of the top plate is provided with an aperture, the circumferential inner wall of the aperture is in threaded connection with a hanging ring, the top of the top plate is provided with a round hole, the circumferential inner wall of the round hole is in threaded connection with a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor and a fourth sensor, the circumferential inner wall of the connecting rod is inserted with a power line and a signal line, the top of the top, the electric property output of power cord with the electric property input electric connection of agitator pump, the electric property input of power cord with block terminal electric connection, first sensor the second sensor the third sensor with the electric property output of fourth sensor passes through the signal line with block terminal electric connection.

Preferably, the steel drum is of a bottom opening structure, and the peripheral outer wall of the steel drum is welded with a skirt.

Preferably, the circumference outer wall of steel drum has seted up the hole of fetching water, the inside grafting in hole of fetching water has the rubber tube.

Preferably, the first check valve, the second check valve and the third check valve are spaced at the same interval.

Preferably, the inside of connecting rod is hollow structure, the circumference inner wall of connecting rod has cup jointed interior rubber ring, the length of interior rubber ring is the same with the length of connecting rod.

Preferably, the top welding of block terminal has the block terminal rings, the top welding of block terminal has the distribution board, the block terminal with the outside spraying of distribution board has waterproofly.

Preferably, the bottom of the stirring pump is connected with a stirring blade through a shaft rod.

A use method of an experiment device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate comprises the following steps:

s1: when in monitoring, the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, the fourth sensor and related electrical elements of the stirring pump are connected, and after the lifting ring on the top plate is connected by a rope, the device is slowly put from the water surface to the water bottom;

s2, forming a closed space consisting of the bottom mud of the river channel and the overlying water in the device, and adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring pump according to the flow rate of the river to finish the simulation of the river bed environment;

s3: the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor and the fourth sensor in the device obtain a time sequence of the data of each index of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the overlying water of the bottom sediment through long-time online monitoring, and the time sequence is used for analyzing the change conditions of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the overlying index of the bottom sediment of the river channel;

s4: if need to go up in the extraction element to cover water and do other experimental analysis, can put down before the device with the plastic pipe connection of inert material the hole of getting water, wait that the device is put into the bottom of water and stabilize the back operation personnel and take the water sample from the plastic pipe on the ship.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the field in-situ monitoring experimental device for endogenous release and sediment respiration rate and the use method thereof have the functions of in-situ monitoring endogenous release of sediment and change conditions of overlying water thereof through combined application of accessories; the combination replacement of the sensors is used for monitoring a plurality of indexes on line in real time, and the indexes comprise: the functions of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD, dissolved oxygen and the like are small in disturbance on the sediment, the original physicochemical environment of the sediment is not damaged, the migration and conversion process of pollutants at a sediment-water interface can be truly reflected, the sealing requirement is low, the electric element can be effectively prevented from being broken down due to long-time soaking in water, and the device is ensured to be effectively used when being matched with external water pumping.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connecting rod of the present invention.

In the figure: 100 steel drums, 110 skirts, 120 water taking holes, 200 top plates, 210 first check valves, 220 second check valves, 230 third check valves, 240 hanging rings, 250 first sensors, 260 second sensors, 270 third sensors, 280 fourth sensors, 300 connecting rods, 310 inner rubber rings, 320 power wires, 330 signal wires, 340 fixing frames, 350 stirring pumps, 400 distribution boxes, 410 distribution box hanging rings and 420 distribution tables.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides an experimental device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate and a using method thereof, wherein through the combined application of accessories, a water source is conveniently extracted while data is acquired, and the damage to the original physicochemical environment is reduced, please refer to fig. 1-5, which comprises a steel barrel 100, a top plate 200, a connecting rod 300 and a distribution box 400;

referring to fig. 1 again, the bottom of the steel drum 100 is provided with a skirt 110, specifically, the steel drum 100 is of a bottom opening structure, the skirt 110 is welded on the outer circumferential wall of the steel drum 100, the outer circumferential wall of the steel drum 100 is provided with a water taking hole 120, a rubber pipe is inserted into the water taking hole 120, the steel drum 100 is used for containing measured bottom mud and covering water on the bottom mud, the bottom of the steel drum 100 is open, the structure is similar to an inverted bowl, and the skirt 110 plays a role in reducing pressure, so that the main body steel drum is ensured not to sink after being inserted into the bottom mud of a river;

referring to fig. 1 again, the bottom of the top plate 200 is fixedly connected with the top of the steel drum 100, specifically, the top of the steel drum 100 is welded with the top plate 200, the top of the top plate 200 is connected with a first check valve 210, a second check valve 220 and a third check valve 230 through flanges, the top of the top plate 200 is provided with an aperture, the circumferential inner wall of the aperture is in threaded connection with a lifting ring 240, the top of the top plate 200 is provided with a round hole, the circumferential inner wall of the round hole is in threaded connection with a first sensor 250, a second sensor 260, a third sensor 270 and a fourth sensor 280, and the lifting ring 240 is used for connecting a ship with the steel drum 100 to prevent the steel;

referring to fig. 1-5 again, the bottom of the connecting rod 300 is fixedly connected to the top of the top plate 200, specifically, the top of the top plate 200 is connected to the connecting rod 300 by a thread, the inner wall of the circumference of the connecting rod 300 is inserted with a power line 320 and a signal line 330, the top of the top plate 200 is connected to a fixing frame 340 by a thread, the bottom of the fixing frame 340 is fixedly connected to a stirring pump 350 by a screw, the electrical output end of the power line 320 is electrically connected to the electrical input end of the stirring pump 350, the bottom of the stirring pump 350 is connected to a stirring blade by a shaft rod, and the hollow part of the connecting rod 300 is provided with connecting wires of electrical components such as an electrical circuit, a sensor and the stirring pump 350, wherein;

referring to fig. 1 to 5 again, the bottom of the distribution box 400 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 300, specifically, the top of the connecting rod 300 is screwed to the distribution box 400, the electrical input end of the power line 320 is electrically connected to the distribution box 400, the electrical output ends of the first sensor 250, the second sensor 260, the third sensor 270 and the fourth sensor 280 are electrically connected to the distribution box 400 through the signal line 330, and the distribution box 400 is used for placing electrical circuit components;

a use method of an experiment device for field in-situ monitoring of endogenous release and sediment respiration rate comprises the following steps:

s1: when in monitoring, the first sensor 250, the second sensor 260, the third sensor 270, the fourth sensor 280 and relevant electrical elements of the stirring pump 350 are connected, and the device is slowly put from the water surface to the water bottom after the lifting ring 240 on the top plate 200 is connected by a rope;

s2, forming a closed space consisting of the river sediment and the overlying water in the device, and adjusting the rotating speed of the stirring pump 350 according to the river flow rate to complete the simulation of the river bed environment;

s3: the first sensor 250, the second sensor 260, the third sensor 270 and the fourth sensor 280 in the device obtain a time sequence of the data of each index of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the overlying water of the bottom sediment through long-time online monitoring, and the time sequence is used for analyzing the change conditions of the bottom sediment of the river channel and the overlying index of the bottom sediment;

s4: if water is covered in the extraction device for other experimental analysis, the water taking hole 120 can be connected with a plastic pipe made of inert materials before the device is put down, and an operator can extract a water sample from the plastic pipe on a ship after the device is placed at the bottom of water and is stabilized;

when the device is used specifically, firstly, the materials of the components are made of SUS304 stainless steel, the welding modes of the components are all seam full welding, when in monitoring, the first sensor 250, the second sensor 260, the third sensor 270, the fourth sensor 280 and relevant electrical elements of the stirring pump 350 are connected, the device is slowly placed from the water surface to the water bottom after the lifting ring 240 on the top plate 200 is connected by a rope, a closed space formed by the bottom mud of the river channel and the overlying water is formed in the device, then the rotating speed of the stirring pump 350 is adjusted according to the river flow speed, the simulation of the river bed environment is completed, the time sequence of the data of the bottom mud of the river channel and the overlying water is obtained by long-time online monitoring of the first sensor 250, the second sensor 260, the third sensor 270 and the fourth sensor 280 in the device, the time sequence is used for analyzing the release of the bottom mud of the river channel and the change condition of the overlying indexes of the bottom mud of, the water intake 120 can be connected by a plastic pipe made of inert material before the device is put down, and after the device is put into the water bottom and stabilized, an operator can extract water samples from the plastic pipe on the ship.

Referring again to fig. 1, in order to facilitate water drainage, the first check valve 210, the second check valve 220 and the third check valve 230 are spaced at the same distance from each other to overflow water from the steel drum 100.

Referring to fig. 5 again, in order to perform the embedding and waterproof, specifically, the inside of the connecting rod 300 is a hollow structure, an inner rubber ring 310 is sleeved on the inner circumferential wall of the connecting rod 300, and the length of the inner rubber ring 310 is the same as that of the connecting rod 300.

Referring to fig. 1 again, in order to suspend and prevent water, specifically, a suspension ring 410 of the distribution box is welded on the top of the distribution box 400, a distribution board 420 is welded on the top of the distribution box 400, and water is sprayed on the exterior of the distribution box 400 and the distribution board 420.

While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used in any combination, provided that there is no structural conflict, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and conservation of resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.