阅读说明：本技术 一种武夷菌素防治水稻稻瘟病的方法及应用 (Method for preventing and treating rice blast by wuyiencin and application ) 是由 张克诚 葛蓓孛 施李鸣 刘炳花 韦秋合 杨淼泠 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种武夷菌素防治水稻稻瘟病的方法及应用,包括：第一步,将武夷菌素发酵液兑水稀释制成武夷菌素药剂,所述武夷菌素药剂浓度为500-1000ppm；第二步,在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期以及齐穗期喷施所述武夷菌素药剂；本发明的有益效果是：使用链霉菌CK-15得到的武夷菌素对水稻稻瘟病的预防以及治疗有良好的抑菌效果,经过试验发现,在相同剂量的情况下,武夷菌素的效果优于常用于治疗水稻稻瘟病的稻瘟灵和春雷霉素,可用来替代当前作为水稻稻瘟病常规治疗药剂的稻瘟灵,可以大幅减少化学农药的使用,同时与现有技术中用于治疗水稻稻瘟病的生物农药以及化学农药可以进行配合使用。(The invention provides a method for preventing and treating rice blast by wuyiencin and application thereof, comprising the following steps: firstly, diluting Wuyiencin fermentation liquor with water to prepare Wuyiencin medicament, wherein the concentration of the Wuyiencin medicament is 500-1000 ppm; secondly, spraying the wuyiencin medicament in the tillering stage, the booting stage and the heading alignment stage of the rice; the invention has the beneficial effects that: experiments show that the Wuyiencin obtained by using the streptomyces CK-15 has good bacteriostatic effect on prevention and treatment of the rice blast, and the Wuyiencin has better effect than isoprothiolane and kasugamycin which are commonly used for treating the rice blast under the condition of the same dosage, can be used for replacing isoprothiolane which is currently used as a conventional treatment medicament for the rice blast, can greatly reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and can be matched with biological pesticides and chemical pesticides for treating the rice blast in the prior art for use.)

1. An application of Wuyiencin in preventing and treating rice blast is disclosed.

2. A preparation method of wuyiencin fermentation liquor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, activating streptomycete CK-15, activating a strain, inoculating hypha or spores into an MS culture medium, and culturing in an electric heating constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 3-5 days;

and secondly, dividing the successfully activated CK-15 into bacterium blocks for later use, burning the opening of the conical flask by using alcohol lamp fire in a super clean bench, quickly placing the bacterium blocks in the conical flask and sealing, carrying out shake culture on the bacterium blocks for 72 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ and under the condition of 200r/min, and filtering the fermentation liquor by using filter paper to obtain the wuyiencin fermentation liquor.

3. The method for producing a wuyiencin fermentation broth according to claim 2, wherein in the first step of producing a wuyiencin fermentation broth, the strain activation of streptomyces CK-15 is performed by plate streaking.

4. A method for treating rice blast by wuyiencin is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing Wuyiencin fermentation liquor with water to prepare Wuyiencin medicament, and diluting with water, wherein the concentration of the Wuyiencin medicament is 500-1000 ppm;

and secondly, spraying the wuyiencin medicament in the tillering stage, the booting stage and the heading stage of the rice.

5. The method of treating pyricularia oryzae by wuyiencin according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of wuyiencin fermentation liquid is 1000-2000 ppm.

6. The method for treating rice blast with wuyiencin according to claim 4, wherein the wuyiencin agent is sprayed on the rice every 7-10 days during the spraying in the second step at tillering stage, booting stage and heading stage.

7. The method for treating rice blast with wuyiencin according to claim 4, wherein the spraying amount of wuyiencin agent is: 10 liters of wuyiencin medicament is sprayed in each mu of rice field.

8. A method for preventing rice blast by wuyiencin is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing Wuyiencin fermentation liquor with water to prepare Wuyiencin medicament, and diluting with water, wherein the concentration of the Wuyiencin medicament is 500-1000 ppm;

secondly, soaking the seeds of the rice in the wuyiencin medicament for 24 hours;

and thirdly, planting the soaked rice seeds.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a method for preventing and treating rice blast by wuyiencin and application thereof, belonging to the field of microbial metabolites.

Background

Rice is a staple food for half of the global population. The international rice institute 2005 suggests that the demand of the global population can be reached only by increasing the yield of rice 1/3 on the basis of 2005 in 2020, so that ensuring continuous increase of the yield of rice is an important task for global agricultural production. At present, rice blast is one of the most threatened diseases in rice production, is caused by fungus fusarium wilt and is called rice three major diseases together with sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight. The rice blast is also called as rice fever, and is one of the major diseases frequently occurring in rice production. The rice blast is a fungal disease, can occur in global rice production areas, has the characteristics of outbreak, epidemic, destructiveness and the like, can cause serious yield reduction of rice, and the yield reduction amplitude of serious people can reach 40-50 percent, even can be absolutely harvested.

The method is characterized in that rice blast germs (sexual Magnaporthe oryzae; vegetative Pyricularia oryzae) are pathogenic fungi causing rice blast, the rice blast germs have genetic diversity and multiple physiological races, genetic pedigree and the physiological races do not completely correspond to each other, pathogenic variation is large, pathogenicity of the rice blast germs is influenced after multiple continuous passages, a specific infection process is achieved, the invasion process comprises that conidia of the rice blast germs ① germinate, the tips of the conidia are adsorbed on the surface of a host, germ tubes are erected at two ends of the ② conidia, the germ tubes are specifically differentiated to form attachment cells, ③ attachment cells producing the black pigment grow infection plugs under certain expansion pressure in cells to penetrate through plants and cell walls so as to facilitate the pathogenic bacteria, ④ infection plugs generate infection hyphae in the cells, the host strength of the infection hyphae can penetrate through the cell walls, the latent period of ⑤ rice blast germs in a high-humidity environment can reach 3-7d, the new conidiophores grow by new parts, and the conidiophores grow into new conidia, and the conidia which cause difficult production of the rice blast germs and cause difficult research of farmers.

Rice blast field symptoms: the pathogeny of the rice blast is fungi of deuteromycotina, namely botrytis cinerea and pyricularia oryzae, mainly causes harm to overground parts of host plants such as rice and the like, can occur in the whole rice growth period, and can be divided into seedling plague, leaf plague, joint plague, neck plague and grain plague.

In the prior art, chemical pesticides such as isoprothiolane are often used for treating rice blast, a large amount of chemical pesticides can bring harm to soil environment, and meanwhile, a part of pesticides remain in rice to influence the quality of the rice and easily bring drug resistance. In order to solve the problems, biological pesticides become the focus of research of professionals in the field, in the prior art, both blasticidin and kasugamycin have a treatment effect on rice blast, but the treatment effect is not obviously improved, and the defects of slow response exist, and the use of a single biological pesticide brings about the problem of drug resistance, so that the expansion of the bactericidal and insecticidal spectrum of the rice blast pathogen is a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, and aims at providing a method for preventing and treating rice blast by Wuyiencin, which prevents the rice from reducing yield by inhibiting the occurrence and prevalence of rice blast germs by Wuyiencin and avoids using excessive chemical pesticides on rice.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

Application of wuyiencin in preventing and treating rice blast is provided.

The invention also provides a preparation method of wuyiencin, which comprises the following steps:

step one, activating streptomycete CK-15, activating a strain, inoculating hypha or spores into an MS culture medium, and culturing in an electric heating constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 3-5 days;

and secondly, dividing the successfully activated CK-15 into bacterium blocks for later use, burning the opening of the conical flask by using alcohol lamp fire in a super clean bench, quickly placing the bacterium blocks in the conical flask and sealing, carrying out shake culture on the bacterium blocks for 72 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ and under the condition of 200r/min, and filtering fermentation liquor by using filter paper to obtain the wuyiencin.

Further, in the first step of the preparation of wuyiencin, the strain activation of the streptomyces CK-15 is performed by plate streaking.

The invention also provides a method for treating rice blast by wuyiencin, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, diluting Wuyiencin fermentation liquor with water to prepare Wuyiencin medicament, wherein the concentration of the Wuyiencin medicament is 500-1000 ppm;

and secondly, spraying the wuyiencin medicament in the tillering stage, the booting stage and the heading stage of the rice.

Further, in the first step, the concentration of the wuyiencin fermentation liquor is 1000-2000 ppm.

Further, in the spraying process in the second step, the Wuyiencin medicament is sprayed to the rice once every 7 to 10 days in a tillering stage, a booting stage and a heading stage.

Further, the spraying amount of the wuyiencin medicament is as follows: 10 liters of wuyiencin medicament is sprayed in each mu of rice field.

The invention also provides a method for preventing rice blast by wuyiencin, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, diluting Wuyiencin fermentation liquor with water to prepare Wuyiencin medicament, wherein the concentration of the Wuyiencin medicament is 50-100 ppm;

secondly, soaking the seeds of the rice in the wuyiencin medicament for 24 hours;

and thirdly, planting the soaked rice seeds.

According to the invention, Wuyiencin is used for preventing and treating the rice blast, and is applied to treating the rice blast, and a large number of experiments prove that the Wuyiencin has a remarkable treatment effect on the rice blast and provides a new way for preventing and treating the rice blast;

the beneficial effects of utilizing wuyiencin to control rice blast are as follows: the applicant finds that the effect of the wuyiencin is superior to that of isoprothiolane and kasugamycin which are commonly used for treating the rice blast under the condition of the same dosage through experiments, and the wuyiencin can be used for replacing the isoprothiolane which is currently used as a conventional treatment medicament for the rice blast, so that the use of chemical pesticides can be greatly reduced, the harm of the pesticides to the soil environment can be reduced, and meanwhile, the wuyiencin can be used together with biological pesticides and other chemical pesticides which are used for treating the rice blast in the prior art, so that the rapid drug resistance of germs can be prevented, and the economic benefit can be improved. Moreover, Wuyiencin has good control effect on fungal diseases of crops such as vegetables, fruits, grains and the like, and the Wuyiencin sprayed on the crops also has a certain yield increasing effect.

Meanwhile, the Wuyiencin is applied to prevention and treatment of rice blast of rice as a microbial preparation, and does not bring side effect to rice as a substitute of pesticide, so that the edible safety of agricultural products is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a liquid chromatogram of a 1000ppm Wuyiencin standard;

FIG. 2 is a liquid chromatogram of Wuyiencin obtained by fermentation of Streptomyces CK-15.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.