阅读说明：本技术 车辆用灯具 (Vehicle lamp ) 是由 榎本达成 渡边智之 于 2019-06-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供提高射出光的明亮度的均一度的车辆用灯具。车辆用灯具包括LED(26)及配置为其长方向与LED的光轴(Ax)交叉的板状导光体(30)。板状导光体包括设在与LED相对的第一面、使得来自LED的光入射到板状导光体内的入射部,设在第一面的相反侧的第二面(30b)、使得在入射部入射到板状导光体内的光反射的反射部(36),设在前端面(30c)、使得在反射部反射的光向灯具前方射出的射出部(34)。反射部具有配置在光轴的前方、将来自入射部的光向着射出部反射的前侧反射面(42)。前侧反射面具有将来自入射部的光朝板状导光体的延伸方向扩散的多个圆柱形台阶(50)。(The invention provides a vehicle lamp capable of improving uniformity of brightness of emitted light. The vehicle lamp includes an LED (26) and a plate-shaped light guide body (30) arranged such that the longitudinal direction thereof intersects the optical axis (Ax) of the LED. The plate-shaped light guide includes an incident portion provided on a first surface facing the LED and configured to allow light from the LED to enter the plate-shaped light guide, a second surface (30b) provided on the opposite side of the first surface and configured to reflect light entering the plate-shaped light guide at the incident portion, and an exit portion (34) provided on a distal end surface (30c) and configured to allow light reflected at the reflection portion to exit toward the front of the lamp. The reflection unit has a front reflection surface (42) disposed in front of the optical axis and reflecting the light from the incident unit toward the emission unit. The front reflecting surface has a plurality of cylindrical steps (50) for diffusing light from the incident portion in the extending direction of the plate-shaped light guide.)

1. A vehicular lamp comprising a light emitting element and a plate-shaped light guide, characterized in that:

a plate-shaped light guide disposed so that a longitudinal direction thereof intersects an optical axis of the light emitting element, the plate-shaped light guide including an incident portion provided on a first surface of the plate-shaped light guide facing the light emitting element so that light from the light emitting element is incident into the plate-shaped light guide, a reflecting portion provided on a second surface opposite to the first surface so that the light incident into the plate-shaped light guide at the incident portion is reflected, and an emitting portion provided on a front end surface of the plate-shaped light guide so that the light reflected at the reflecting portion is emitted forward of a lamp;

the reflection unit has a front reflection surface disposed in front of the optical axis and reflecting the light from the incident unit toward the emission unit;

the front reflecting surface has a plurality of diffusion steps for diffusing the light from the incident portion in the extending direction of the plate-shaped light guide.

2. A vehicle lamp according to claim 1, wherein:

the diffusion step is a concave cylindrical step.

3. A vehicle lamp according to claim 2, wherein:

the curvature radius of the cylindrical step located at the center of the front reflection surface is the largest, and the curvature radius of the cylindrical step located at the side is smaller.

4. A vehicle lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the front reflecting surface further includes a plurality of reflecting surfaces arranged on the sides of the plurality of diffusion steps.

5. A vehicle lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

further comprising an inner lens configured to cover the plate-like light guide;

the inner lens has an extension extending from a portion of the inner lens;

the inner lens is provided with a step formed so that the light incident on the portion reaches the plate-like light guide.

6. The vehicular lamp according to claim 4, wherein:

further comprising an inner lens configured to cover the plate-like light guide;

the inner lens has an extension extending from a portion of the inner lens;

the inner lens is provided with a step formed so that the light incident on the portion reaches the plate-like light guide.

7. A vehicle lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the reflecting portion further has a rear reflecting surface arranged behind the optical axis and totally reflecting the light from the incident portion toward the rear end reflecting portion.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a vehicle lamp, and more particularly to a vehicle lamp using a light emitting element and a plate-shaped light guide.

Background

Conventionally, a vehicle lamp has been proposed in which a light emitting element such as an LED and a plate-shaped light guide for controlling light from the light emitting element are combined (see, for example, patent document 1). In such a vehicle lamp, light from the light emitting element is incident into the plate-shaped light guide from an incident portion provided on the surface of the plate-shaped light guide. The light is totally reflected by a reflection portion provided on the back surface of the plate-like light guide, then travels inside the plate-like light guide, and is emitted from an emission portion provided on the end surface of the plate-like light guide.

[ patent document ]

[ patent document 1 ] Japanese patent laid-open No. 2016-

In the vehicle lamp described above, there is a problem that the brightness of the light emitted from the emitting portion is difficult to be uniform.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a problem of improving uniformity of brightness of emitted light.

In order to solve the above problem, a vehicle lamp according to an aspect of the present invention includes a light emitting element and a plate-shaped light guide, the vehicle lamp including:

the plate-shaped light guide is arranged such that the longitudinal direction thereof intersects the optical axis of the light emitting element, and includes an incident portion provided on a first surface of the plate-shaped light guide facing the light emitting element and configured to allow light from the light emitting element to enter the plate-shaped light guide, a reflecting portion provided on a second surface opposite to the first surface and configured to reflect light entering the plate-shaped light guide at the incident portion, and an emitting portion provided on a front end surface of the plate-shaped light guide and configured to emit the light reflected at the reflecting portion toward the front of the lamp.

The reflection unit has a front reflection surface disposed in front of the optical axis and reflecting the light from the incident unit toward the emission unit.

The front reflecting surface has a plurality of diffusion steps for diffusing light from the incident portion in the extending direction of the plate-shaped light guide.

The diffusion step may also be a concave cylindrical step.

The curvature radius of the cylindrical step located at the center of the front reflecting surface may be the largest, and the curvature radius of the cylindrical step located on the side may be smaller.

The front reflecting surface may further include a plurality of reflecting surfaces arranged on the side of the plurality of diffusion steps.

The optical waveguide may further include an inner lens configured to cover the plate-like light guide. The inner lens may also have an extension extending from a portion of the inner lens. The inner lens may also be provided with a step formed so that a part of the light incident thereto reaches the plate-like light guide.

The reflecting portion may further include a rear reflecting surface arranged behind the optical axis and configured to totally reflect the light from the incident portion toward the rear end reflecting portion.

The effects of the present invention are explained below:

according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle lamp in which the uniformity of the brightness of the emitted light is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the plate-like light guide viewed from below.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the plate-like light guide viewed from below.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a part of a plate-like light guide.

Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining reflection of light by the reflection portion of the plate-like light guide according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a plate-like light guide according to a comparative example.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a part of the vehicle lamp.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the inner lens.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view for explaining a modified inner lens.

The symbols in the drawings have the following meanings:

10-vehicle lamp

12 lamp body

26—LED

30-plate-shaped light guide

32-incident part

34-injection part

36-reflection part

38-rear end reflection part

42-front side reflecting surface

44-rear side reflecting surface

50-cylindrical step

90-inner lens

126—LED

130-plate-shaped light guide

134-injection part

136-reflection part

138 rear end reflector

142-front side reflecting surface

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, a vehicle lamp according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present specification, when the terms "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", and the like are used to indicate directions, the terms mean directions in postures when the vehicle lamp is mounted on the vehicle.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a vehicle lamp 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle lamp 10 can be used as, for example, a turn signal lamp, a vehicle width lamp, or a daytime running lamp mounted on a front portion of a vehicle. In addition, the vehicle lamp 10 may also be used as an indicator lamp of the rear of the vehicle, for example, a turn signal lamp, a tail lamp, a brake lamp.

As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle lamp 10 includes a lamp body 12, a transparent cover 14 covering a front opening of the lamp body 12, and a lamp unit 20 provided in a lamp chamber 16 formed by the lamp body 12 and the cover 14.

As shown in fig. 1, the lamp unit 20 includes a base member 22, three boards 24 provided on the base member 22, three LEDs 26 mounted on each board 24, a plate-shaped light guide 30 that receives light from an LED26, and a support member 28 that supports the plate-shaped light guide 30.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the tabular light guide 30 viewed from below. The plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided with an incident portion 32 for allowing light from each LED26 to enter the plate-shaped light guide 30, on a first surface (upper surface) 30a facing the LED 26. The plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided with a reflection portion 36 for reflecting light incident into the plate-shaped light guide 30 at the incident portion 32 on a second surface (lower surface) 30b opposite to the first surface 30 a. The incident portion 32 and the reflection portion 36 are provided in each LED 26. The plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided with an exit portion 34 for emitting light toward the front of the lamp at the front end surface 30 c. The injection portion 34 is formed in a shape following the outer shape corresponding to the vehicle and is inclined (slant) in the vehicle width direction. The three LEDs 26 are arranged in a direction inclined with respect to the vehicle width direction, following the shape of the emitting portion 34.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the tabular light guide 30 viewed from below. Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a part of the plate-like light guide 30. Here, with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the configuration of one LED26 and a part of the plate-shaped light guide 30 that controls light from the one LED26 will be described, and the same applies to the other LEDs 26 and the other part of the plate-shaped light guide 30.

In the present embodiment, the plate-like light guide 30 is arranged such that the optical axis Ax of the LED26 intersects with (e.g., is orthogonal to) the longitudinal direction thereof. The plate-shaped light guide 30 includes a first surface (upper surface) 30a facing the LED26, a second surface (lower surface) 30b opposite to the first surface 30a, a front end surface 30c facing the front of the lamp, and a rear end surface 30d facing the rear of the lamp. The plate-like light guide 30 is formed of a transparent resin material such as acrylic or polycarbonate.

As described above, the first surface 30a of the plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided with the incident portion 32 that allows light from the LED26 to enter the plate-shaped light guide 30. In the present embodiment, the incident portion 32 is planar.

As described above, the second surface 30b of the plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided with the reflection portion 36 that reflects the light incident into the plate-shaped light guide 30 at the incident portion 32. The reflection portion 36 is provided at a position facing the incident portion 32 so that the second surface 30b of the plate-shaped light guide 30 is formed as a concave portion that is concave inward. The detailed configuration of the reflection section 36 will be described later.

A rear end reflection portion 38 is provided on the rear end surface 30d of the plate-like light guide 30. The rear end reflection section 38 reflects a part of the light reflected by the reflection section 36 toward the emission section 34 provided on the front end surface 30 c. In the present embodiment, the plurality of minute reflective surfaces of the rear end reflective portion 38 form a plurality of stages of reflective surfaces connected in a step-like manner. When the rear end reflecting portion 38 is a multi-stage reflecting surface, the light emitting range of the emitting portion 34 can be expanded. In another embodiment, the rear end reflecting portion 38 may be formed as a planar reflecting surface.

The front end surface 30c of the plate-shaped light guide 30 is provided as an exit portion 34 that exits the light reflected by the reflection portion 36 and the rear end reflection portion 38 toward the front of the lamp. The ejection portion 34 has a plurality of steps along the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of the plate-shaped light guide 30.

Next, the detailed structure of the reflection unit 36 will be described. The reflection unit 36 of the present embodiment is divided into a front reflection surface 42 disposed forward of the optical axis Ax of the LED26 and a rear reflection surface 44, a part of which is disposed rearward of the optical axis Ax of the LED 26.

The front reflecting surface 42 totally reflects the light incident into the plate-shaped light guide 30 at the incident portion 32 toward the emitting portion 34. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the front reflecting surface 42 is divided into a first front reflecting surface 42a located at the center, a second front reflecting surface 42b located on the left side of the first front reflecting surface 42a, and a third front reflecting surface 42c located on the right side of the first front reflecting surface 42 a.

The rear reflecting surface 44 totally reflects the light incident into the plate-shaped light guide 30 at the incident portion 32 toward the rear end reflecting portion 38. The rear end reflecting portion 38 totally reflects the light from the rear reflecting surface 44 toward the light emitting portion 34 through the side of the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42 c. The rear reflecting surface 44 is divided into a first rear reflecting surface 44a and a second rear reflecting surface 44 b. The first rear reflecting surface 44a and the second rear reflecting surface 44b are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vehicle longitudinal direction cross section including the optical axis Ax.

Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining reflection of light by the reflection portion of the plate-like light guide according to the present embodiment. In fig. 5, several exemplary light paths are illustrated. Fig. 5 shows the optical paths of light beams L1 to L5 that enter the plate-like light guide 30 from the entrance portion 32 and then enter the first front reflection surface 42 a. As shown in fig. 5, the light L1 to L5 incident on the first front reflection surface 42a totally reflects on the first front reflection surface 42a, travels inside the plate-shaped light guide 30, and is emitted from the emission portion 34 toward the front of the lamp. In order to realize the optical path, the first front reflecting surface 42a is formed to extend substantially in a paraboloid shape of revolution from the optical axis Ax of the LED26 toward the front of the lamp.

Fig. 5 shows the optical paths of the light beams L6 and L7 that enter the plate-like light guide 30 from the entrance portion 32 and then enter the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42 c. As shown in fig. 5, the light beams L6 and L7 incident on the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42c are totally reflected by the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42c, travel through the plate-shaped light guide 30, and are emitted from the emitting portion 34 to the front of the lamp.

Fig. 5 shows the optical paths of light beams L8 to L11 that are incident on the first rear reflecting surface 44a and the second rear reflecting surface 44b after being incident on the plate-shaped light guide 30 from the incident portion 32. As shown in fig. 5, the light beams L8 to L11 incident on the first rear reflecting surface 44a and the second rear reflecting surface 44b are totally reflected by the first rear reflecting surface 44a and the second rear reflecting surface 44b toward the rear end reflecting portion 38. In order to realize the optical path, the first rear reflecting surface 44a and the second rear reflecting surface 44b are formed to extend substantially in a paraboloid shape of revolution from the optical axis Ax of the LED26 toward the lamp side. Thereafter, the lights L8 to L11 are totally reflected again by the rear end reflecting portion 38, pass through the sides of the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42c, travel inside the plate-shaped light guide 30, and are emitted from the emitting portion 34 toward the front of the lamp.

In the plate-like light guide 30 of the present embodiment, a plurality of concave cylindrical steps (cylindrical steps) 50 are formed in a row in the left-right direction on the first front reflection surface 42 a. The cylindrical step 50 functions as a diffusion step for diffusing the light from the incident portion 32 in the extending direction of the plate-shaped light guide 30.

Here, in order to explain the effect of the cylindrical step 50 formed on the first front reflecting surface 42a, a case where no diffusion step is formed on the first front reflecting surface will be explained as a comparative example. Fig. 6 shows a plate-like light guide 130 according to a comparative example. The plate-shaped light guide 130 is also provided with a reflection portion 136 that reflects light from the LEDs 126 incident into the plate-shaped light guide 130. In the plate-shaped light guide 130, the reflection portion 136 is divided into a front reflection surface 142, a first rear reflection surface 144a, and a second rear reflection surface 144 b.

The front reflecting surface 142 of the plate-shaped light guide 130 according to the comparative example is formed to extend substantially rotationally parabolically from the optical axis Ax of the LED126 toward the front of the lamp, similarly to the first front reflecting surface 42a of the plate-shaped light guide 30 according to the present embodiment. However, as shown in fig. 6, the front reflecting surface 142 of the comparative example is not formed with a diffusion step, but is formed into a smooth curved surface. As shown in fig. 6, the light incident on the front reflecting surface 142 is totally reflected in substantially parallel light toward the front of the lamp and is then emitted from the emitting portion 134.

In the plate-shaped light guide 130 according to the comparative example, the first rear reflecting surface 144a, the second rear reflecting surface 144b, and the rear end reflecting portion 138 have the same configuration as the plate-shaped light guide 30 according to the present embodiment. That is, the light directed to the first and second rear reflecting surfaces 144a and 144b is totally reflected by the first and second rear reflecting surfaces 144a and 144b toward the rear end reflecting portion 138. The light incident on the rear end reflection portion 138 is totally reflected by the rear end reflection portion 138, passes through the side of the front side reflection surface 142, and is emitted from the emission portion 134 toward the front of the lamp.

In the front reflecting surface 142, light from the LED126 is reflected intensively in a relatively narrow range. The number of total reflections of the light incident on the front reflecting surface 142 until the light is emitted from the emitting portion 134 is only once on the front reflecting surface 142. Therefore, the light totally reflected by the front reflecting surface 142 and emitted from the emitting portion 134 has high brightness.

On the other hand, the first rear reflecting surface 144a and the second rear reflecting surface 144b reflect light from the LED126 in a relatively wide range. The number of total reflections of the light incident on the first rear reflecting surface 144a and the second rear reflecting surface 144b until the light is emitted from the emitting portion 134 is twice in the first rear reflecting surface 144a, the second rear reflecting surface 144b, and the rear end reflecting portion 138. Generally, the intensity of light becomes weak as the number of total reflections increases. Therefore, the light totally reflected by the first rear reflecting surface 144a, the second rear reflecting surface 144b, and the rear end reflecting portion 138 is less bright than the light totally reflected by the front reflecting surface 142 and emitted from the emitting portion 134.

In the plate-like light guide 130 according to the comparative example, the light emitted by total reflection on the front reflection surface 142 is weaker than the light emitted by total reflection. Since the light totally reflected and emitted by the front reflecting surface 142 and the light totally reflected and emitted by the first rear reflecting surface 144a, the second rear reflecting surface 144b, and the rear end reflecting portion 138 are substantially parallel light as shown in fig. 6, there is a dark range in which light is hardly emitted between the emission range in which brightness is strong and the emission range in which brightness is weak as shown in fig. 6.

As described above, in the vehicle lamp using the plate-shaped light guide 130 according to the comparative example, it is difficult to make the brightness of the light emitted from the emission portion 134 uniform.

The present inventors have conducted studies to solve the problems of the plate-shaped light guide 130 according to the above-described comparative example, and as a result, have found that the uniformity of the brightness of the outgoing light emitted from the outgoing portion 34 can be improved by forming the cylindrical step 50 on the first front reflection surface 42 a. As shown in fig. 5, a part of the light incident on the first front reflection surface 42a is diffused in the extending direction (left-right direction) of the plate-shaped light guide 30 due to the cylindrical step 50 formed on the first front reflection surface 42a (reference lights L2 to L5). As a result, in the range where the brightness of the output light is weak or the dark range where light is hardly output as described in the comparative example of fig. 6, the bright light having once total reflection times is diffused, and therefore, the uniformity of the brightness of the output light output from the output portion 34 can be improved.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the plurality of cylindrical steps 50 are arranged in the left-right direction, but the cylindrical step 50 located at the center of the first front reflection surface 42a may have the largest radius of curvature and the cylindrical step 50 located at the side may have a smaller radius of curvature. When the cylindrical steps 50 are formed in this way, the diffusion degree of the total reflected light of the cylindrical steps 50 located on the side is increased. The exemplified lights L1 to L5 shown in fig. 5 indicate that the degree of diffusion of the light incident on the cylindrical step 50 located on the side is larger. With this configuration, the bright light that is totally reflected once can be spread over a wider range, and the uniformity of the brightness of the outgoing light that is emitted from the outgoing portion 34 can be improved more appropriately.

The first front reflecting surface 42a of the front reflecting surfaces 42 is described above. Next, the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42c formed on the left and right sides of the first front reflecting surface 42a will be described.

In the present embodiment, most of the reflected light from the first front reflecting surface 42a is emitted from the range near the center of the emitting portion 34 in the vertical direction. Therefore, the brightness tends to be lowered in the upper and lower regions of the emission portion 34. In the present embodiment, a second front reflecting surface 42b and a third front reflecting surface 42c having a plurality of reflecting surfaces are provided on the left and right sides of the first front reflecting surface 42 a. In the present embodiment, the multi-step reflecting surfaces formed on the second front reflecting surface 42b and the third front reflecting surface 42c are configured so that the reflected light is directed to a range below the emitting portion 34. This can suppress a decrease in brightness in the range below the output portion 34, and therefore, the brightness uniformity of the output light output from the output portion 34 can be further improved. In another embodiment, a plurality of stages of reflecting surfaces may be provided so that the reflected light is directed to the upper region of the emitting portion 34.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a part of the vehicle lamp. As shown in fig. 7, the plate-shaped light guide 30 is covered with an inner lens 70, and light emitted from the emitting portion 34 of the front end surface of the plate-shaped light guide 30 is irradiated to the front of the lamp through the inner lens 70. As shown in fig. 7, light blocking members 74, 72 are provided above and below the plate-like light guide 30 and the inner lens 70.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the inner lens 70. As shown in fig. 8, the inner lens 70 includes a lens body portion 70a and a mounting portion 70b for mounting the lens body portion 70a to the lamp body 12 (see fig. 1). The mounting portion 70b extends rearward from a part of the rear surface of the lens body portion 70 a.

In a state where the inner lens 70 is mounted on the vehicle lamp as shown in fig. 7, when the inner lens 70 is viewed from the front of the lamp, the extended portion 70c of the mounting portion 70b may look different from other portions as shown in fig. 8. For example, the extended portion 70c of the mounting portion 70b sometimes appears darker than other portions.

The reason for this will be described with reference to fig. 7. In fig. 7, a light ray 76 incident on the inner lens 70 from the front of the luminaire is illustrated. According to the principle of light ray reverse travel, the portion where the light ray 76 reaches becomes a portion where the extension portion 70c of the mounting portion 70b is seen when the inner lens 70 is seen from the front of the lamp. In the example of fig. 7, the light rays 76 are guided within the mounting portion 70b until reaching the front end portion of the mounting portion 70 b. That is, when the inner lens 70 is viewed from the front of the lamp, a dark portion of the front end of the mounting portion 70b is viewed at the extended portion 70c of the mounting portion 70 b. In this way, if the extended portion 70c of the mounting portion 70b looks different from other portions, there is a fear that the appearance as a vehicle lamp is degraded.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view for explaining a modified inner lens 90. As shown in fig. 9, the inner lens 90 forms a step 90d on the surface of the lens body portion 90 a. Further, a stepped portion 90e is formed in the middle of the mounting portion 90b extending rearward from the lens body portion 90 a. By providing the step 90d and the step 90e in the inner lens 90, the light ray 96 entering the inner lens 90 is refracted by the step 90d, and then exits from the step 90e provided in the middle of the mounting portion 90b to reach the plate-shaped light guide 30. That is, according to the principle of light ray reverse travel, when the inner lens 90 is viewed from the front of the lamp, the plate-like light guide 30 is viewed at the extended portion 90c of the mounting portion 90 b. Thus, the portion 90c extending from the mounting portion 90b is seen as the relatively bright plate-shaped light guide 30, and the lens main body portion 90a is less visually different from the other portions, so that it is possible to prevent a reduction in the appearance as a vehicle lamp.

The present invention has been described above based on embodiments. These embodiments are illustrative, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible in combination of the respective constituent elements and the respective processing steps, and such modifications also fall within the scope of the present invention.

For example, although the light emitting element in the above embodiment is an LED, the light emitting element is not limited to an LED, and may be an LD (laser diode), for example.

Of course, in the above-described embodiment and the modifications thereof, the numerical values indicated as the parameters are merely examples, and may be set to different values as appropriate.

The embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and modifications. Various modifications may be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, and they are within the scope of the present invention.