阅读说明：本技术 利用结构变形量补偿光学系统失调量的光学遥感器 (Optical remote sensor for compensating optical system misadjustment by using structural deformation ) 是由 邵明东 郭疆 李宪斌 李元鹏 周龙加 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种利用结构变形量补偿光学系统失调量的光学遥感器,包括主镜、次镜、折叠镜、分光镜、三镜、主承力框架及具有弹性的支撑杆；主承力框架包括前安装面及与前安装面相背的后安装面；主镜弹性的安装于前安装面,次镜弹性的连接于支撑杆的一端并与主镜间隔相对,支撑杆远离次镜的一端与前安装面连接；折叠镜及分光镜安装于后安装面；三镜安装于后安装面且与分光镜间隔相对。本发明使主镜和次镜在重力作用下通过形变量偏离理论位置,这样主镜和次镜在地面重力作用下装调出的最佳位姿,待空间遥感器发射入轨后发生重力变形回弹释放时,主镜和次镜的位置关系仍能保持装调时位置关系,空间遥感器的成像质量不受影响。(An optical remote sensor for compensating the detuning amount of an optical system by using structural deformation comprises a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a folding mirror, a spectroscope, a tertiary mirror, a primary bearing frame and an elastic supporting rod; the main bearing frame comprises a front mounting surface and a rear mounting surface opposite to the front mounting surface; the primary mirror is elastically installed on the front installation surface, the secondary mirror is elastically connected to one end of the supporting rod and is opposite to the primary mirror at intervals, and one end of the supporting rod, far away from the secondary mirror, is connected with the front installation surface; the folding mirror and the spectroscope are arranged on the rear mounting surface; the three mirrors are arranged on the rear mounting surface and are opposite to the spectroscope at intervals. The invention makes the primary mirror and the secondary mirror deviate from the theoretical position through the deformation quantity under the action of gravity, so that the optimal pose of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is adjusted under the action of ground gravity, when the space remote sensor is launched into the rail and rebounded and released due to gravity deformation, the position relation of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can still keep the position relation during adjustment, and the imaging quality of the space remote sensor is not influenced.)

1. An optical remote sensor for compensating the detuning amount of an optical system by using structural deformation is characterized by comprising a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a folding mirror, a spectroscope, a three-mirror, a primary bearing frame and an elastic supporting rod; the main bearing frame comprises a front mounting surface and a rear mounting surface opposite to the front mounting surface; the primary mirror is elastically installed on the front installation surface, the secondary mirror is elastically connected to one end of the supporting rod and is opposite to the primary mirror at intervals, and one end of the supporting rod, far away from the secondary mirror, is connected with the front installation surface; the folding mirror and the spectroscope are arranged on the rear mounting surface; the three mirrors are arranged on the rear mounting surface and are opposite to the spectroscope at intervals; the primary mirror reflects light to the secondary mirror, and the light reflected by the secondary mirror passes through the primary mirror and the primary bearing frame and then sequentially reflected by the folding mirror and transmitted by the spectroscope to reach the three mirrors.

2. An optical remote sensor for compensating for misalignment of an optical system using structural distortion according to claim 1 wherein the primary mirror is connected to the front mounting surface by a first connection assembly comprising a first flexible hinge and a first supporting backplate; the first flexible hinge has elasticity, one end of the first flexible hinge is connected with one side of the primary mirror, which deviates from the secondary mirror, the other end of the first flexible hinge is connected with the first supporting back plate, and the first supporting back plate is connected with the front mounting surface.

3. The optical remote sensor for compensating the detuning amount of the optical system by using the structural deformation according to claim 2, wherein the secondary mirror is connected to one end of the supporting rod away from the primary mirror by a second connecting assembly, and the second connecting assembly comprises a second flexible hinge and a second supporting back plate; the second flexible hinge has elasticity and one end with the secondary mirror deviates from one side of the primary mirror and is connected, the other end is connected with the second support back plate, and the second support back plate is connected with the support rod.

4. The optical remote sensor for compensating the misalignment of the optical system by the structural deformation according to claim 2, wherein the main force-bearing frame is provided with a light-passing hole penetrating through the front mounting surface and the rear mounting surface, the rear mounting surface is further fixedly provided with a first accommodating cylinder surrounding the light-passing hole, and the folding mirror and the beam splitter are mounted in the first accommodating cylinder; the light reflected by the secondary mirror passes through the primary mirror and the light through hole of the primary bearing frame, enters the first accommodating cylinder, is reflected by the folding mirror and is transmitted by the spectroscope to reach the three mirrors.

5. The remote optical sensor for compensating for the misalignment of an optical system according to claim 4, wherein the first supporting backplate further defines a through hole corresponding to the light hole.

6. The optical remote sensor for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system using a structural distortion according to claim 4, wherein the rear mounting surface is further fixedly provided with a second receiving cylinder spaced apart from the first receiving cylinder, and the third mirror is mounted in the second receiving cylinder; the light reflected by the secondary mirror passes through the primary mirror and the light through holes of the primary bearing frame, enters the first containing cylinder, is reflected by the folding mirror in sequence, is transmitted by the spectroscope, enters the second containing cylinder, and then reaches the three mirrors.

7. The optical remote sensor for compensating for the misalignment of an optical system according to claim 1, wherein the primary mirror is disposed coaxially with the central axis of the secondary mirror, the central axis of the folding mirror is disposed at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the central axis of the primary mirror and the central axis of the tertiary mirror, and the central axes of the tertiary mirror and the primary mirror are perpendicular to each other.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of space remote sensing, in particular to an optical remote sensor for compensating the detuning amount of an optical system by using structural deformation.

Background

The space optical remote sensor has important application in the fields of astronomical observation, space exploration, weather forecast, earth observation, military application and the like. With the continuous development of the space remote sensing technology, the requirement on the resolution of the space optical remote sensor is higher and higher, and the requirements on the focal length and the caliber of an optical system are also higher and higher.

With the continuous increase of the focal length and the caliber of the space optical remote sensor, the size and the weight of the space optical remote sensor are also increased rapidly, and the influence of gravity on the surface shape precision and the pose precision of a large-size reflector and the light-weight body of the remote sensor is also increased when the remote sensor is installed, adjusted and detected on the ground. The optimal state of the optical system on the ground is adjusted and detected, and is actually the optimal state of each reflector under the influence of gravity (surface shape precision error and pose error caused by gravity). When the remote sensor works in a space microgravity environment after being launched into an orbit, the gravity deformation introduced by the remote sensor during ground installation and adjustment can be rebounded and released, so that certain surface shape precision errors and pose errors are generated on each reflector in the remote sensor, the optical element deviates from the optimal position in the optical system, the optical system is disordered, and the in-orbit imaging quality of the remote sensor is influenced.

Various solutions are proposed to the influence problem of gravity, such as gravity unloading technology, improved support mode, light weight technology and the like, but the influence of the on-orbit flying environment and various comprehensive residual errors is difficult to accurately simulate on-orbit flying environment on the ground, so that the on-orbit imbalance of the large-aperture optical element is difficult to ensure.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides an optical remote sensor which adopts structural deformation to compensate the detuning amount of an optical system for a large-caliber and long-focus space optical remote sensor.

The invention provides an optical remote sensor for compensating the detuning amount of an optical system by using structural deformation, which comprises a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a folding mirror, a spectroscope, a three-mirror, a primary bearing frame and an elastic supporting rod, wherein the primary bearing frame is provided with a first end and a second end; the main bearing frame comprises a front mounting surface and a rear mounting surface opposite to the front mounting surface; the primary mirror is elastically installed on the front installation surface, the secondary mirror is elastically connected to one end of the supporting rod and is opposite to the primary mirror at intervals, and one end of the supporting rod, far away from the secondary mirror, is connected with the front installation surface; the folding mirror and the spectroscope are arranged on the rear mounting surface; the three mirrors are arranged on the rear mounting surface and are opposite to the spectroscope at intervals; the primary mirror reflects light to the secondary mirror, and the light reflected by the secondary mirror passes through the primary mirror and the primary bearing frame and then sequentially reflected by the folding mirror and transmitted by the spectroscope to reach the three mirrors.

The main mirror, the folding mirror, the spectroscope and the three mirrors are arranged on the same main bearing frame, and the relative position relation between the main mirror, the folding mirror, the spectroscope and the three mirrors can be powerfully ensured by improving the rigidity of the main bearing frame; in order to reduce the weight of the machine body assembly, the secondary mirror is supported by a support rod and is connected with the main bearing frame through the support rod; therefore, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror deviate from the theoretical position through the deformation amount under the action of gravity through optical design, so that the optimal pose of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is adjusted under the action of ground gravity, when the space remote sensor is launched into the rail and rebounded and released due to gravity deformation, the position relation of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can still keep the position relation during adjustment, and the imaging quality of the space remote sensor is not influenced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an optical path schematic diagram of an optical remote sensor for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system by using a structural deformation according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an optical remote sensor for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system by using a structural distortion amount according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a main mirror and a main force-bearing frame of the optical remote sensor shown in fig. 2, which compensates for the misalignment of the optical system by using the structural deformation.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a secondary mirror and a support rod of the optical remote sensor shown in fig. 2 for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system using a structural deformation amount.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an optical path of an optical remote sensor for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system by using a structural distortion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the optical remote sensor employs a coaxial reflective optical system, and here, a large-aperture long-focus spatial optical remote sensor is taken as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the optical remote sensor for compensating for a misalignment of an optical system by using a structural distortion includes a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a folding mirror, a beam splitter and three mirrors; the secondary mirror is positioned on one side of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror, the folding mirror, the spectroscope and the three mirrors are positioned on one side of the primary mirror, which is opposite to the secondary mirror, and light reflected by the secondary mirror passes through the primary mirror and then is reflected by the folding mirror in sequence and transmitted by the spectroscope to reach the three mirrors. The primary mirror and the secondary mirror are coaxially arranged in the center axis, the center axis of the folding mirror, the center axis of the primary mirror and the center axis of the three mirrors are arranged at 45-degree included angles, and the center axes of the three mirrors are perpendicular to the center axis of the primary mirror.

For the optical path diagram shown in fig. 1, the position and attitude tolerance distribution of each optical element in the system obtained by optical simulation analysis is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 positional tolerances of optical elements of an optical system

Type of position error	Allowable difference value
		Error in axial position of primary mirror	0.2mm
Axial position error of secondary mirror	0.2mm
		Axial position error of three mirrors	0.2mm
Error in axial position of folding mirror	0.2mm
		Axial position error of spectroscope	0.2mm
Eccentricity error of main mirror in X direction	0.02mm
		Main mirror Y direction eccentricity error	0.02mm
Inclination of primary mirror around X-axis	2″
		Primary mirror inclination about Y axis	2″
X-direction eccentricity error of secondary mirror	0.03mm
		Y-direction eccentricity error of secondary mirror	0.03mm
Angle of inclination of secondary mirror around X-axis	8″
		Secondary mirror inclination around Y axis	8″
Inclination of secondary mirror around Z axis	15″
		Three-mirror X-direction eccentricity error	0.3mm
Y-direction eccentricity error of three mirrors	0.3mm
		Inclination angle of three mirrors around X axis	25″
Inclination angle of three mirrors around Y axis	25″
		Inclination angle of three mirrors around Z axis	25″
Inclination angle of folding mirror around X axis	25″
		Inclination angle of folding mirror around Y axis	25″
Inclination angle of spectroscope around X axis	25″
		Inclination angle of spectroscope around Y axis	25″
Inclination angle of spectroscope around Z axis	25″

As can be seen from fig. 1 and table 1, the aperture of the primary mirror in each optical element of the optical system is the largest, the mass is the heaviest, and the support difficulty, the surface shape precision of the mirror surface and the pose are also the most affected by gravity; the pose error of the secondary mirror is strict, the interval between the secondary mirror and the primary mirror is large, and the influence on the performance of an optical system is also large; the size and the mass of the three mirrors, the folding mirror and the spectroscope are small, and the three mirrors and the main mirror are concentrated relatively.

According to the parameter requirements of optical simulation analysis in fig. 1 and table 1, and according to the position distribution characteristics of each optical element in the optical path, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides an optical remote sensor 100 for compensating the misalignment of an optical system by using the structural deformation, which includes a primary mirror 10, a secondary mirror 20, a folding mirror 30, a beam splitter 40, a tertiary mirror 50, a primary bearing frame 60 and a support rod 70 having elasticity; the main bearing frame 60 comprises a front mounting surface 61 and a rear mounting surface 62 opposite to the front mounting surface 61; the primary mirror 10 is elastically mounted on the front mounting surface 61, the secondary mirror 20 is elastically connected to one end of the support rod 70 and is opposite to the primary mirror 10 at intervals, and one end of the support rod 70, which is far away from the secondary mirror 20, is connected with the front mounting surface 61; the folding mirror 30 and the spectroscope 40 are mounted on the rear mounting surface 62; the three mirrors 50 are arranged on the rear mounting surface 62 and are opposite to the spectroscope 40 at intervals; the primary mirror 10 reflects light to the secondary mirror 20, and the light reflected by the secondary mirror 20 passes through the primary mirror 10 and the primary bearing frame 60, is reflected by the folding mirror 30 in sequence, is transmitted by the spectroscope 40, and then reaches the three mirrors 50.

As shown in fig. 2, the primary mirror 10, the folding mirror 30, the spectroscope 40 and the three mirrors 50 are arranged on the same primary bearing frame 60, and the relative position relationship between the primary mirror 10, the folding mirror 30, the spectroscope 40 and the three mirrors can be powerfully ensured by improving the rigidity of the primary bearing frame 60; in order to reduce the weight of the fuselage assembly, the secondary mirror 20 is supported by a support rod 70 and is connected with the main bearing frame 60 through the support rod 70; therefore, the primary mirror 10 and the secondary mirror 20 deviate from the theoretical positions through the deformation amount under the action of gravity through optical design, so that the optimal pose of the primary mirror 10 and the secondary mirror 20 is adjusted under the action of ground gravity, when the space remote sensor is launched into the rail and subjected to gravity deformation and rebound release, the position relation of the primary mirror 10 and the secondary mirror 20 can still keep the position relation during adjustment, and the imaging quality of the space remote sensor is not influenced.

As shown in table 2 below, table 3 shows the positional relationship of the secondary mirror 20 with respect to the primary mirror 10 under the gravity action, in order to change the poses of the primary mirror 10 and the secondary mirror 20 of the optical remote sensor 100 shown in fig. 2 under the gravity action, which compensates for the misalignment of the optical system by using the structural deformation. Analysis shows that: the transfer function and the theoretical value of the optical system under the action of gravity are almost the same, and the imaging quality is not influenced.

TABLE 2 pose change of primary and secondary mirrors under gravity

TABLE 3 positional relationship of the Secondary mirror with respect to the Primary mirror

Further, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, the primary mirror 10 is connected to the front mounting surface 61 through a first connecting assembly 604, wherein the first connecting assembly 604 includes a first flexible hinge 6041 and a first supporting back plate 6042; the first flexible hinge 6041 has elasticity, one end of the first flexible hinge 6041 is connected with one side of the primary mirror 10 departing from the secondary mirror 20, the other end of the first flexible hinge 6041 is connected with the first support back plate 6042, and the first support back plate 6042 is connected with the front mounting surface 61; the first flexible hinge 6041 is used to ensure the surface shape accuracy of the main mirror 10. By adjusting the amount of deformation of the first flexible hinge 6041 under gravity, the amount of change in the attitude of the main mirror 10 is adjusted.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4, the secondary mirror 20 is connected to one end of the supporting rod 70 far away from the primary mirror 10 through a second connecting assembly 701, and the second connecting assembly 701 includes a second flexible hinge 7011 and a second supporting back plate 7012; the second flexible hinge 7011 is elastic, one end of the second flexible hinge is connected to one side of the secondary mirror 20 away from the primary mirror 10, the other end of the second flexible hinge is connected to a second supporting back plate 7012, and the second supporting back plate 7012 is connected to the supporting rod 70; the second flexible hinge 7011 is used to ensure the surface shape accuracy of the secondary mirror 20. The amount of deformation of the second flexible hinge 7011 under gravity, and the rigidity and amount of deformation of structural members such as the support rod 70 are adjusted, thereby adjusting the amount of change in the attitude of the secondary mirror 20.

Further, the main force-bearing frame 60 is provided with a light-passing hole 601 penetrating through the front mounting surface 61 and the rear mounting surface 62, the rear mounting surface 62 is further fixedly provided with a first accommodating cylinder 602 surrounding the light-passing hole 601, and the folding mirror 30 and the spectroscope 40 are mounted in the first accommodating cylinder 602; the light reflected by the secondary mirror 20 passes through the primary mirror 10 and the light-transmitting hole 601 of the primary force-bearing frame 60, enters the first accommodating cylinder 602, is reflected by the folding mirror 30 in sequence, is transmitted by the beam splitter 40, and then reaches the three mirrors 50. The first supporting back plate 6042 is further provided with a through hole 6043 corresponding to the light through hole 601, and the through hole 6043 is used for passing light.

Further, a second accommodating cylinder 603 spaced apart from the first accommodating cylinder 602 is further fixedly disposed on the rear mounting surface 62, and the three mirrors 50 are mounted in the second accommodating cylinder 603; the light reflected by the secondary mirror 20 passes through the primary mirror 10 and the light-transmitting hole 601 of the primary force-bearing frame 60, enters the first accommodating cylinder 602, is reflected by the folding mirror 30, is transmitted by the beam splitter 40, enters the second accommodating cylinder 603, and then reaches the third mirror 50.

In this embodiment, the central axes of the primary mirror 10 and the secondary mirror 20 are coaxially arranged, the central axis of the folding mirror 30, the central axis of the primary mirror 10 and the central axis of the third mirror 50 are arranged at 45-degree included angles, and the central axes of the third mirror 50 and the central axis of the primary mirror 10 are perpendicular to each other; the whole structure is more stable and compact.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.