阅读说明：本技术 交变复合励磁双凸极对组件及其永磁电机 (Alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly and permanent magnet motor thereof ) 是由 林贵生 于 2018-07-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种交变复合励磁双凸极对组件及其永磁电机,交变复合励磁双凸极对组件由两个铁芯、四个励磁线圈和一块永磁体/永磁组合体构成,每个铁芯两端均设有凸极,四个励磁线圈分别安装在铁芯的四个凸极极臂上,永磁体/永磁组合体N/S磁极两端桥置于两个铁芯的中部,四个凸极中的两个异名端凸极耦合面匹配成一双N/S凸极对耦合面,另外两个异名端凸极耦合面匹配成另外一双S/N凸极对耦合面；永磁电机定子上布设有至少一相每相至少一副双U型、双V型、双C型、双[型、H型、X型或工字型交变复合励磁双凸极对组件,其转子上对应设置有适配的永磁组件环。本发明结构简单,功率密度超大、能效超高,实用性强、稳定可靠,可应用于各行各业,市场前景巨大。(An alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly and a permanent magnet motor thereof are disclosed, wherein the alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly is composed of two iron cores, four excitation coils and a permanent magnet/permanent magnet assembly, two ends of each iron core are respectively provided with a salient pole, the four excitation coils are respectively arranged on four salient pole arms of the iron core, two end bridges of an N/S magnetic pole of the permanent magnet/permanent magnet assembly are arranged in the middle parts of the two iron cores, two different name end salient pole coupling surfaces in the four salient poles are matched to form a double N/S salient pole pair coupling surface, and the other two different name end salient pole coupling surfaces are matched to form another double S/N salient pole pair coupling surface; at least one pair of double-U-shaped, double-V-shaped, double-C-shaped, double- [ shaped, H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assemblies are distributed on each phase of the stator of the permanent magnet motor, and adaptive permanent magnet assembly rings are correspondingly arranged on the rotor of the permanent magnet motor. The invention has simple structure, super high power density, super high energy efficiency, strong practicability, stability and reliability, can be applied to various industries and has huge market prospect.)

1. An alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component is characterized by comprising two iron cores, four excitation coils and a permanent magnet/permanent magnet combination body, wherein two ends of each iron core are respectively provided with a salient pole, the four excitation coils are respectively arranged on four salient pole arms of the iron core, the salient poles at two ends of one iron core are different ends, N/S magnetic pole bridges at two ends of the permanent magnet/permanent magnet combination body are arranged at the waist parts of the two iron cores, two different end salient pole coupling surfaces in the four salient poles are matched into a double N/S salient pole pair coupling surface, the other two different end salient pole coupling surfaces are matched into another double S/N salient pole pair coupling surface, the iron cores have five shapes of a U-shaped iron core, a V-shaped iron core, a C-shaped iron core, a [ shaped iron core and a straight strip-shaped iron core, and have three structural forms for selecting a single-conductor magnet, a silicon steel sheet/amorphous alloy strip combination, the two iron cores are constructed into a double-U-shaped, double-V-shaped, double-C-shaped, double [ shaped, H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly in a side-by-side, cross, back-to-back, face-to-face or longitudinal staggered transverse side-by-side structural mode, and the permanent magnet/permanent magnet assembly is a single magnet steel body, a permanent magnet assembly, a permanent magnet magnetic conduction composite body or an integrated permanent magnet shared by multiple pairs of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assemblies.

2. An alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly according to claim 1, wherein an energy collecting coil is adaptively mounted on at least one section of magnetic circuits of four salient pole arms of two iron cores and permanent magnets serving as bridge arms.

3. An alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair component and a permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that at least one pair of double U-shaped, double V-shaped, double C-shaped, double [ shaped, H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components are arranged on a stator, a rotor is correspondingly provided with adaptive permanent magnet component rings, two N/S salient pole pair coupling surfaces of each pair of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components on the stator respectively form a stator rotor air gap coupling structure with permanent magnet coupling surfaces staggered with N/S polarities on the corresponding permanent magnet component rings on the rotor, the permanent magnet component rings are provided with six structures for selectively assembling the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components with different structures on the stator, the first permanent magnet component ring is a double coupling surface single permanent magnet component ring structure, namely a permanent magnet component ring formed by an even number of permanent magnets is attached to the surface of a section of a rotor body made of nonmagnetic material, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are axially arranged into a circular ring in a transverse magnetic field mode, the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnet coupling surfaces are arranged in a staggered mode at equal intervals, the second permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface double-permanent magnet assembly ring structure, namely a back magnetic yoke is arranged on the surface of one section of the rotor, two independent permanent magnet assembly rings respectively consisting of equal even permanent magnets are attached to the back magnetic yoke, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are radially arranged into two circular rings in a vertical mode in a magnetic field mode, the adjacent permanent magnet coupling surfaces on the same permanent magnet assembly ring are arranged in a staggered mode at equal intervals in a magnetic polarity mode, the two permanent magnet coupling surfaces which are arranged on the two permanent magnet assembly rings and axially correspond to form a row or form a coupling pair are also arranged in a polarity staggered mode, the third permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface single-permanent magnet assembly ring structure, namely a back magnetic yoke is arranged on the, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are vertically arranged into cylindrical rings in a radial magnetic field, the magnetic polarities of the coupling surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, the fourth permanent magnet component ring is a double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic component ring structure, a magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two permanent magnets in the double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet component ring structure to form a double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic component ring structure, the fifth permanent magnet component ring is a single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic component ring structure, a magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two permanent magnets in the single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet component ring structure to form a single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic component ring structure, the sixth permanent magnet component ring is a single-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic component ring structure, a long-strip magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two long-strip permanent magnets in the single-, the permanent magnet motors with different structures are constructed, wherein one is a single-section or multi-section split-phase cylindrical outer stator drum type permanent magnet motor, the other is a single-section or multi-section split-phase cylindrical outer rotor drum type permanent magnet motor, the third is a single-section or multi-section split-phase sleeve rotor sleeve type permanent magnet motor, the fourth is a single-section single-disc rotor disc type permanent magnet motor, the fifth is a single-section double-disc rotor disc type permanent magnet motor, and the sixth is a linear reciprocating permanent magnet motor with a structure that the air gap of the cylindrical outer stator permanent magnet motor or the cylindrical outer rotor permanent magnet motor is expanded and extended.

4. The alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof according to claim 3, which belong to a single-segment cylindrical outer stator permanent magnet motor, a cylindrical outer rotor permanent magnet motor or a single disc rotor permanent magnet motor, wherein the circumference of the stator body is provided with adaptive double-U-shaped, double-V-shaped, double-C-shaped or double [ type alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component which is axially symmetric and uniformly distributed according to the sequence of pairs, the rotor is provided with an adaptive permanent magnet component ring, the number m of the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component on the stator and the pole pair number p of the permanent magnet coupling surface of the permanent magnet component ring on the rotor meet the condition that p is more than 2m or p is more than 4m, and k is p/2m, wherein m is an integer, p is an even number, and k cannot be an integer, four salient poles of each pair component on the stator are divided into two salient pole pairs, and the two pairs of the salient pole coupling surfaces are respectively crossed with the permanent magnet coupling surfaces of two pairs of N/S magnetic poles in The permanent magnet assembly is matched to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the rotating circumference arc length occupied by each salient pole pair coupling surface and the permanent magnet coupling surface is equal or consistent, the N/S permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor and the N/S salient pole pair coupling surface in the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair assembly on the stator are arranged in a stepping mode and at a stepping angle theta of 360 DEG/pm, the excitation coil of each crossed composite excitation biconvex pole pair assembly is respectively connected to the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control driving unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, the excitation coil of one group of permanent magnet coupling surfaces is aligned with the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in one phase, then the excitation coil of the other phase is instantly converted into current, and the magnetic torque relay connection of the forward pushing and the backward pulling is completed → the rotating step angle → the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in, The exciting coil current changing → … … is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most time periods are consistent in the rotating direction and work together.

5. The alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof as claimed in claim 3, which belong to a single-section sleeve rotor permanent magnet motor or a double-disc rotor permanent magnet motor, wherein the circumference of the stator body is provided with H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components which are matched with each other in an axially symmetric manner and are uniformly distributed according to the sequence of pairs, permanent magnet component rings are respectively matched with the sleeve rotor or the disc rotor, the phase number m of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components on the stator and the pole pair number p of the permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet component ring on the rotor satisfy that p is more than 2m and k is p/2m, wherein m is an integer, p is an even number, k cannot be an integer, and a pair of double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies are formed by N/S salient pole pairs matched with two pairs of N/S permanent magnet coupling surfaces on the inner and outer rotor cylinders or the, four salient poles of each pair of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assemblies on the stator are divided into two salient pole pairs, coupling surfaces of the two pairs of salient pole pairs are respectively matched with permanent magnet coupling surfaces of two pairs of staggered N/S magnetic poles on an inner rotor barrel, an outer rotor barrel or a left rotor disk and a right rotor disk to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the arc length of each salient pole pair coupling surface and the rotating circumference of each permanent magnet coupling surface are equal or consistent, the N/S permanent magnet coupling surfaces in a permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor and the N/S salient pole pair coupling surfaces in the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assemblies on the stator are arranged in a stepping mode and at a stepping angle theta of 360 DEG/pm, and an excitation coil of each alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly is respectively connected to a corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control driving unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, and the permanent magnet coupling surfaces of one group are aligned with the central line of the coupling surface of the salient pole pair in one phase, then the excitation coil of the phase is subjected to current transformation instantly to complete the forward-push-and-backward-pull magnetic torque relay connection → a step pitch angle of rotation → the central lines of the coupling surfaces of the salient pole pairs in the next adjacent phase are aligned, and the excitation coil current transformation → … … is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or the reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most time periods are consistent in the rotating direction and resultant force does work.

6. An alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly and a permanent magnet motor thereof as claimed in claim 3, which belong to a multi-section split-phase type cylindrical outer stator permanent magnet motor, a cylindrical outer rotor permanent magnet motor or a single disc rotor permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator and the rotor are divided into sections according to the number of phases m along the motor axial direction, the stator body of each section is placed with the double U-shaped, double V-shaped, double C-shaped or double [ type alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly of the same phase, the rotor of each section is provided with an adaptive permanent magnet assembly ring, the salient pole pair coupling surface on each section of stator and the permanent magnet coupling surface on the rotor have the same layout, the N/S pole pair distance of the permanent magnet coupling surface of 1/m is staggered or one step angle is staggered between the stators of the adjacent sections, the four salient poles of each pair of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assemblies on the stators are divided into two salient pole pairs, the two pairs of salient pole pair coupling surfaces are respectively matched with the permanent magnet coupling surfaces staggered with two pairs of N/S magnetic poles in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly on each section is respectively connected with the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control drive unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, the excitation coil of one phase is instantly converted when one group of permanent magnet coupling surfaces is aligned with the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in one phase, the magnetic torque relay connection of 'push-and-pull' is completed, the pitch angle is rotated one step → the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in the next adjacent phase is aligned, the exciting coil current changing → … … is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most time periods are consistent in the rotating direction and work together.

7. The alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof as claimed in claim 3, which belong to a multi-segment split-phase sleeve rotor permanent magnet motor or a double disc rotor permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator and the rotor are segmented according to the number of phases m along the axial direction of the motor, the H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly of the same phase is placed on the stator body of each segment, the inner and outer rotor cylinders or the left and right rotor disks of the corresponding segment are respectively provided with a permanent magnet assembly ring in a matching way, the coupling surface of the salient pole pair on each segment of the stator and the coupling surface of the permanent magnet on the rotor have the same layout, the N/S pole pair distance of the permanent magnet coupling surface of 1/m is staggered or one step angle is staggered between the stators of the adjacent segments or between the rotors of the adjacent segments, and the four salient poles of each pair of alternating composite excitation, the two pairs of salient pole pair coupling surfaces are respectively matched with the permanent magnet coupling surfaces staggered with two pairs of N/S magnetic poles in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly on each section is respectively connected with the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control drive unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, the excitation coil of one phase is instantly converted when one group of permanent magnet coupling surfaces is aligned with the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in one phase, the magnetic torque relay connection of 'push-and-pull' is completed, the pitch angle is rotated one step → the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in the next adjacent phase is aligned, the exciting coil current changing → … … is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most time periods are consistent in the rotating direction and work together.

8. The AC hybrid excitation doubly salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof of claims 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor and the salient pole pair coupling surface on the stator are in a square, parallelogram, fan-shaped or circular air gap coupling structure, the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet assembly ring or/and the permanent magnets and the continuous magnetic conductive magnets are in a straight slot magnetic isolation or skewed slot magnetic isolation arrangement, the permanent magnet coupling surface and the salient pole pair coupling surface have three structural layout modes relative to the motor axial lead, namely axial air gap magnetic field coupling, radial air gap magnetic field coupling and diagonal air gap magnetic field coupling structure adaptation selection, and respectively construct a single-section or multi-section outer stator cylinder inner rotor, an inner stator cylinder outer rotor, a left stator right rotor disk inner rotor, a right stator left rotor disk inner rotor disk, the outer stator inner rotor cone type or inner stator outer rotor cone cylinder type permanent magnet motor, or the permanent magnet motor with combined stator-rotor structure or multi-layer stator-rotor sleeve type structure, or the permanent magnet motor with single-multi composite section stator-rotor cascade structure, which is formed by adapting at least two structures of the cylinder type, disc type, cone type and cone cylinder type structures.

9. The alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof according to the claims 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 are characterized in that a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver is selectively arranged in the permanent magnet motor, the control driver is composed of a motor state acquisition assembly, an embedded intelligent processing unit and a magnet exciting coil control driving unit, the multifunctional intelligent control driver is composed of a motor state acquisition assembly, an embedded intelligent processing unit, a magnet exciting coil control driving unit and an energy collection processing unit or an energy storage unit, the motor state acquisition assembly comprises a rotating speed sensor, a position sensing/encoder, a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor and/or a vibration sensor and a transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor, the position sensing/encoder, the temperature sensor, the voltage sensor, the current sensor and/or the vibration sensor are/is adapted to a corresponding I/O port of the embedded intelligent processing unit, and the energy collection coils in the same phase are connected And the energy collection and processing unit is respectively connected to the I/O end of the corresponding energy collection and processing unit of the multifunctional intelligent control driver.

10. The alternating-current composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof as claimed in claims 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein a shell, an end cover, a base, an air-cooling/water-cooling heat dissipation assembly and/or a wiring terminal box are optionally arranged in the permanent magnet motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet electromagnet technology, permanent magnet motors (including permanent magnet generators, permanent magnet synchronous motors, permanent magnet stepping motors, permanent magnet reluctance motors and the like), rare earth permanent magnet application technology, novel iron core material application technology, magnetoelectric conversion technology, magnetic circuit technology, rectification, inversion, information sensing, intelligent control, driving and the like, in particular to an alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly and a permanent magnet motor thereof.

Background

In the familiar industrial and agricultural production and daily life, it is often seen that various systems and equipment need power for support, and a power device is the basis of modern human life and work. With the gradual deep promotion and development of energy conservation and emission reduction, environmental protection and green economy, a new generation of green power device with ultrahigh torque density and power density and ultrahigh energy efficiency is innovated, has risen to an unprecedented and very important position, and is also a development requirement for the power device in a new era. Therefore, the alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof are invented, and the alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly is also urgently required to comply with tide.

Disclosure of Invention

With the rapid development of high-performance rare earth permanent magnet and super permanent magnet materials, the wide application of various novel magnetic materials (such as novel silicon steel electrical materials, rare earth high permeability materials and amorphous alloy high permeability materials) and high-temperature superconductor materials, and the rapid development of precise speed sensing, magnetoelectric/photoelectric position sensing, magnetoelectric conversion and electric control driving technologies, the popularization and application of various permanent magnet motors, amorphous alloy motors and novel motors (including generators and motors) are accelerated; meanwhile, the permanent magnetic circuit theory is advanced with time and is greatly developed, and especially the technical achievements of the magnetic circuit Hopkinson law (also called as the magnetic circuit ohm law), the Lee's Laplace and push magnetic circuit law and the like lay a material foundation and a solid theoretical foundation for developing the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly with the novel structure and the permanent magnet motor thereof.

The invention is mainly based on the following physics theory, experimental conclusion and motor working principle:

① the magnetic lines of force do not intersect each other and are always closed.

② the magnets of different polarities including electromagnet and permanent magnet have the same polarity repelling each other and opposite polarity attracting each other, the same polarity repelling magnetic force lines to block or resist the opposite magnetic force lines passing through the same polarity end and the opposite polarity attracting or drawing the opposite magnetic force lines to pass through the magnet.

③ two symmetrical and equivalent unsaturated magnetic circuits connected in parallel with two poles of the permanent magnet, the magnetic line of force generated by the permanent magnet is closed by the magnetic circuit with smaller magnetic resistance due to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance.

④ the poles of both permanent magnets and electromagnets have the characteristics of like poles repelling each other and opposite poles attracting each other, and the permanent magnet torque is generated between the poles by magnetic attraction or repulsion.

⑤ whether it is electromagnetic or permanent magnetic line, it will generate reluctance torque due to the principle of minimum reluctance or shortest magnetic path.

⑥ according to the right-hand screw rule, the N/S polarity at both ends of the exciting coil is changed by changing the exciting current direction of the exciting coil electromagnet.

⑦ an energy collecting coil is arranged in the magnetic circuit of the alternating composite excitation of the permanent magnet motor, the energy collecting coil obtains induced electromotive force in the magnetic circuit of the alternating magnetic flux, and the two ends of the energy collecting coil are connected to an electric energy collecting and processing unit in the multifunctional intelligent control driver for energy recovery, collection and processing, and feedback or utilization, thereby improving the energy saving and emission reduction level and the operation efficiency of the permanent magnet motor system.

The specific content and technical scheme of the invention are as follows:

an alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component is characterized by comprising two iron cores, four excitation coils and a permanent magnet/permanent magnet combination body, wherein two ends of each iron core are respectively provided with a salient pole, the four excitation coils are respectively arranged on four salient pole arms of the iron core, the salient poles at two ends of one iron core are different ends, N/S magnetic poles at two ends of the permanent magnet/permanent magnet combination body are bridged between waist parts of the two iron cores, two different end salient pole coupling surfaces in the four salient poles are matched into a double N/S salient pole pair coupling surface, the other two different end salient pole coupling surfaces are matched into another double S/N salient pole pair coupling surface, the iron cores have five shapes of a U-shaped iron core, a V-shaped iron core, a C-shaped iron core, a [ shaped iron core and a straight strip-shaped iron core, and have three structural forms for selecting a single-conductor magnet, a silicon steel sheet/amorphous alloy strip combination body or a multi-section, the two iron cores are constructed into a double-U-shaped, double-V-shaped, double-C-shaped, double [ shaped, H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly in a side-by-side, cross, back-to-back, face-to-face or longitudinal staggered transverse side-by-side structural mode, and the permanent magnet/permanent magnet assembly is a single magnetic steel body, a permanent magnet assembly, a permanent magnet magnetic conductive composite body or an integrated permanent magnet shared by a plurality of pairs of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assemblies.

The alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly is characterized in that an energy collecting coil is installed on at least one section of magnetic paths selected from the four salient pole arms of the two iron cores and the magnetic paths of the permanent magnets serving as bridge arms in a matched mode.

An alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair component and a permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that at least one pair of double U-shaped, double V-shaped, double C-shaped, double [ shaped, H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components of each phase are distributed on a stator, adaptive permanent magnet component rings are correspondingly arranged on a rotor, two N/S salient pole pair coupling surfaces of each pair of alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components on the stator respectively form a stator rotor air gap coupling structure with permanent magnet coupling surfaces staggered with N/S polarities on corresponding permanent magnet component rings on the rotor, the permanent magnet component rings have six structures for selectively assembling alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components with different structures on the stator, a first permanent magnet component ring is a double coupling surface single permanent magnet component ring structure, namely a permanent magnet component ring formed by an even number of permanent magnets is pasted on the surface of a section of a rotor body made of nonmagnetic material, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are axially arranged into a circular ring in a transverse magnetic field mode, the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnet coupling surfaces are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, the second permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface double-permanent magnet assembly ring structure, namely, a back magnetic yoke is arranged on the surface of one section of the rotor, two independent permanent magnet assembly rings respectively consisting of equal and even permanent magnets are attached to the back magnetic yoke, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are radially arranged into two circular rings in a vertical magnetic field mode, the adjacent permanent magnet coupling surfaces on the same permanent magnet assembly ring are arranged in a magnetic polarity staggered and equal interval mode, the two permanent magnet coupling surfaces which are arranged on the two permanent magnet assembly rings and axially correspond to form a row or a coupling pair are also arranged in a polarity staggered mode, the third permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface single-permanent magnet assembly ring structure, namely, a back magnetic yoke is arranged on the surface of one section of the rotor, and a, the permanent magnet coupling surfaces are vertically arranged into cylindrical rings in a radial magnetic field, the magnetic polarities of the coupling surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, the fourth permanent magnet assembly ring is a double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring structure, a magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two permanent magnets in the double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet assembly ring structure to form a double-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring structure, the fifth permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring structure, a magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two permanent magnets in the single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet assembly ring structure to form a single-coupling-surface double-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring structure, the sixth permanent magnet assembly ring is a single-coupling-surface single-permanent-magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring structure, and a long magnetizer is additionally arranged between the two long-strip permanent magnets, the stator and rotor structure has six different structures for constructing different structures of permanent magnet motors, one is a single-section or multi-section split-phase type cylindrical outer stator tube type permanent magnet motor, the other is a single-section or multi-section split-phase type cylindrical outer rotor tube type permanent magnet motor, the third is a single-section or multi-section split-phase type sleeve rotor sleeve type permanent magnet motor, the fourth is a single-section single-disc rotor disc type permanent magnet motor, the fifth is a single-section double-disc rotor disc type permanent magnet motor, and the sixth is a linear reciprocating permanent magnet motor with a structure that the air gap of the cylindrical outer stator permanent magnet motor or the cylindrical outer rotor permanent magnet motor is expanded and extended.

The alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component belongs to a single-section cylinder outer stator permanent magnet motor, a cylinder outer rotor permanent magnet motor or a single disc rotor permanent magnet motor, adaptive double U-shaped, double V-shaped, double C-shaped or double [ type alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component is uniformly distributed and arranged on the circumference of a stator body in an axisymmetric manner according to the sequence of pairs, an adaptive permanent magnet component ring is arranged on a rotor, the phase number m of the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component on the stator and the permanent magnet coupling surface pole pair p of the permanent magnet component ring on the rotor meet the condition that p is more than 2m or p is more than 4m, and k is p/2m, wherein m is an integer, p is an even number, and k cannot be an integer, four salient pole pairs of each pair component on the stator are divided into two salient pole pairs, and two pairs of coupling surfaces of the two salient pole pairs are respectively corresponding to permanent magnet surfaces of two pairs of N/S magnetic The permanent magnet assembly is matched to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the rotating circumference arc length of each salient pole pair coupling surface and the rotating circumference arc length of each permanent magnet coupling surface are equal or consistent, the N/S permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor and the N/S salient pole pair coupling surface in the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly on the stator are arranged in a stepping mode and at a stepping angle theta of 360 DEG/pm, the excitation coil of each crossed composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly is respectively connected to the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control driving unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, one group of permanent magnet coupling surfaces are aligned with the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in one phase, then the excitation coil is instantly converted into current, and the magnetic torque relay connection of the front pulling and back pushing is completed → the rotating step angle is completed → the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in the next adjacent phase is, The exciting coil current changing → … … is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most time periods are consistent in the rotating direction and work together.

The alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair component belongs to a single-section sleeve rotor permanent magnet motor or a double-disc rotor permanent magnet motor, adaptive H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components are uniformly distributed on the circumference of a stator body in an axial symmetry manner according to the sequence of pairs, permanent magnet component rings are respectively arranged on the sleeve rotor or the disc rotor in an adaptive manner, the phase number m of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair components on a stator and the pole pair number p of a permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet component ring on the rotor meet the condition that p is more than 2m and k is p/2m, wherein m is an integer, p is an even number, k cannot be an integer, and a pair of double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies formed by N/S salient pole pairs matched with two pairs of N/S permanent magnet coupling surfaces on an inner rotor barrel, an, four salient poles of each pair of alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair components on the stator are divided into two salient pole pairs, the coupling surfaces of the two pairs of salient pole pairs are respectively matched with the coupling surfaces of two pairs of N/S magnetic poles staggered on an inner rotor barrel, an outer rotor barrel or a left rotor disk and a right rotor disk to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent biradical circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the arc length of the rotating circumference occupied by the coupling surfaces of the salient pole pairs and the permanent magnet coupling surfaces is equal or consistent, the N/S permanent magnet coupling surfaces in a permanent magnet component ring on the rotor and the N/S salient pole pair coupling surfaces in the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair components on the stator are arranged in a stepping mode and at a stepping angle theta of 360 DEG/pm, and the excitation coil of each alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component is respectively connected to the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control drive unit in a control driver or a multifunctional, and the permanent magnet coupling surfaces of one group are aligned with the central line of the coupling surface of the salient pole pair in one phase, then the excitation coil of the phase is subjected to current transformation instantly to complete the magnetic torque relay connection of forward pulling and backward pushing → rotate by one step of pitch angle → the central lines of the coupling surfaces of the salient pole pairs in the next adjacent phase are aligned, and the excitation coil current transformation → … … is carried out in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or the reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most sections are consistent in the rotating direction and the resultant force does work.

The alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component belongs to a multi-section split-phase type cylinder outer stator permanent magnet motor, a cylinder outer rotor permanent magnet motor or a single disc rotor permanent magnet motor, the stator and the rotor are divided into sections according to the number of phases m along the motor axial direction, a stator body of each section is provided with a double U-shaped, double V-shaped, double C-shaped or double [ type alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component of the same phase, a rotor of each section is provided with an adaptive permanent magnet component ring, a salient pole pair coupling surface on each section of the stator and a permanent magnet coupling surface on the rotor have the same layout, N/S pole pair distances of the permanent magnet coupling surfaces of 1/m or one step angle are staggered between the stators of the adjacent sections or the rotors of the adjacent sections, four salient poles of each pair of alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component, the two pairs of salient pole pair coupling surfaces are respectively matched with the permanent magnet coupling surfaces staggered with two pairs of N/S magnetic poles in the permanent magnet assembly ring on the rotor to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly on each section is respectively connected with the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control drive unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, the excitation coil of one phase is instantly converted when one group of permanent magnet coupling surfaces are aligned with the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in one phase, the magnetic torque relay connection of forward pulling and backward pushing → one step angle of rotation → the central line of the salient pole pair coupling surface in the next adjacent phase is aligned, the exciting coil current transforming → … … is repeated to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or reluctance torque of all salient pole pairs in most part of the time interval are consistent in the rotating direction to work together.

The alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that the alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component belongs to a multi-section split-phase sleeve rotor permanent magnet motor or a double-disc rotor permanent magnet motor, a stator and a rotor are segmented according to the phase number m along the axial direction of the motor, the H-shaped, X-shaped or I-shaped alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component of the same phase is arranged on a stator body of each section, permanent magnet component rings are respectively and adaptively arranged on an inner rotor barrel and an outer rotor barrel of a corresponding section or a left rotor disk and a right rotor disk of the corresponding section, a salient pole pair coupling surface on each section of the stator and a permanent magnet coupling surface on the rotor have the same layout, N/S pole pairs of permanent magnet coupling surfaces of 1/m permanent magnet coupling surfaces are staggered or staggered by a step pitch angle between stators of adjacent sections of the rotors, four salient poles of each pair component on the stator are divided into two salient pole pairs, and the two pairs of salient pole pair The body coupling surfaces are matched to form a pair of symmetrical equivalent double magnetic circuit air gap coupling salient pole assemblies, the magnet exciting coil of the alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly on each section is respectively connected to the corresponding I/O terminal of an excitation control drive unit in a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver, the magnet exciting coil of one phase is instantly converted when the center lines of the permanent magnet coupling surfaces of one group are aligned with the center lines of the salient pole pair coupling surfaces in one phase, and the magnetic torque relay connection of the forward pulling and the backward pushing is completed → the rotation of one step angle → the center lines of the salient pole pair coupling surfaces in the next adjacent phase are aligned, the magnet exciting coil is converted to current → … …, and the process is repeated in cycles to form a structure that the permanent magnet torque and/or the reluctance torque of all the salient pole pairs in most sections work in the.

The alternating composite excitation biconvex pole pair component and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that the permanent magnet coupling surface in the permanent magnet component ring on the rotor and the salient pole pair coupling surface on the stator are in a square, parallelogram, fan-shaped or circular air gap coupling structure in a matching way, the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet component ring or/and the permanent magnets and the continuous magnetic conductive magnets are in a straight slot magnetic isolation or skewed slot magnetic isolation arrangement in a matching way, the permanent magnet coupling surface and the salient pole pair coupling surface are in three structural arrangement modes relative to the axial lead of the motor, namely axial air gap magnetic field coupling, radial air gap magnetic field coupling and oblique air gap magnetic field coupling structure matching selection, and are respectively constructed into a single-section or multi-section outer stator inner rotor cylinder type, an inner stator outer rotor cylinder type, a left stator right rotor disc type, a right stator left rotor disc type, an outer stator inner rotor disc type or an inner stator outer rotor cone type permanent, or at least two structures of the cylinder type, the disc type, the cone type and the cone cylinder type are combined into a permanent magnet motor with a combined stator-rotor structure or a multi-layer stator-rotor sleeve type structure in a matching mode, or a permanent magnet motor with a single-multi-composite-section stator-rotor cascade structure is manufactured.

The alternating composite excitation doubly salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that a control driver or a multifunctional intelligent control driver is selectively arranged in the permanent magnet motor, the control driver is composed of a motor state acquisition assembly, an embedded intelligent processing unit and an excitation coil control driving unit, the multifunctional intelligent control driver is composed of a motor state acquisition assembly, an embedded intelligent processing unit, an excitation coil control driving unit and an energy collection processing unit or an energy storage unit, the motor state acquisition assembly comprises a rotation speed sensor, a position/photoelectric encoder, a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor and/or a vibration sensor and a transmitter thereof, the corresponding I/O ports of the embedded intelligent processing unit are connected in an adaptive mode, and the energy collection coils in the same phase are connected to the multifunctional intelligent processing unit in a same-name end parallel structure and/or a different-name-end-tail series structure respectively And controlling the I/O end of the corresponding energy collection processing unit of the driver.

The alternating composite excitation double-salient pole pair assembly and the permanent magnet motor thereof are characterized in that a shell, an end cover, a base, an air cooling/water cooling radiating assembly and/or a wiring terminal box are/is selectively arranged in the permanent magnet motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a stator-rotor structure of a single-section three-phase double-C-shaped alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly outer stator single permanent magnet assembly inner rotor cartridge type permanent magnet motor cut at time t0 in embodiment 1.

Fig. 1-1 is a sectional view of the rotor of fig. 1 at time t1 when the rotor rotates clockwise by a step-variable flow angle θ.

Fig. 1-2 are cross-sectional views of the rotor of fig. 1 at time t2 when the rotor rotates clockwise by two step-varying flow angles θ.

FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view taken along the X-X plane of FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase double [ type alternating composite excitation doubly salient pole pair assembly outer stator double permanent magnet assembly inner rotor cartridge permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 2.

FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view taken along the X-X plane of FIG. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-segment three-phase double-U-shaped alternating composite excitation doubly salient pole pair assembly inner stator double permanent magnet continuous magnetic assembly ring outer rotor cylindrical permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 3.

FIG. 6 is an axial sectional view taken along the X-X plane of FIG. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-segment three-phase double-C-shaped alternating-excitation double-salient pole-pair inner stator single permanent magnet assembly ring outer rotor cylindrical permanent magnet motor with an energy collecting coil according to embodiment 4.

Fig. 8 is an axial sectional view taken along the X-X plane of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase double-V-shaped alternating-excitation double-salient pole pair assembly inner stator double-permanent-magnet assembly outer-ring rotor drum-type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 5.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the X-X plane of FIG. 9 taken at the time point t 0.

FIG. 11 is a view of FIG. 9 taken along the Y-Y plane at a point t 0.

FIG. 12 is a view of FIG. 9 taken along the Y-Y plane at a point t 1.

Fig. 13 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase i-shaped alternating composite excitation doubly salient pair assembly stator and doubly permanent magnet assembly ring rotor disc type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 6.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a radial cut along the X-X plane of FIG. 13.

Fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-segment three-phase i-shaped alternating composite excitation doubly salient pair assembly stator single permanent magnet assembly ring rotor disc type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 7.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the X-X plane of FIG. 15 cut along the radial direction.

Fig. 17 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase H-type alternating excitation doubly salient pair assembly stator and doubly permanent magnet assembly ring rotor sleeve-type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 8.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a radial cut along the X-X plane of FIG. 17.

Fig. 19 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase H-type alternating excitation doubly salient pair assembly stator and doubly permanent magnet assembly ring rotor sleeve-type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 9.

Fig. 20 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of a single-stage three-phase H-type alternating composite excitation doubly salient pole pair assembly stator doubly permanent magnet continuous assembly ring rotor sleeve-type permanent magnet motor according to embodiment 10

Fig. 21 is a schematic sectional view of a stator and rotor structure of an outer stator single permanent magnet assembly intra-ring rotor drum type permanent magnet motor of a three-stage series three-phase double C-type alternating composite excitation double salient pole pair assembly according to embodiment 11.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a radial cut along the X-X plane of phase A of FIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a radial cut along the B-phase Y-Y plane of FIG. 21.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a C-phase Z-Z plane of FIG. 21 cut along a radial direction.

Detailed Description