阅读说明：本技术 一种提高山羊肉质的构树叶发酵饲料及其制备方法 (Broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving quality of goat meat and preparation method thereof ) 是由 莫家会 庄海燕 何莫斌 李桂秋 姚冬情 何立贵 孟观范 韦炳耐 梁春意 陈兆静 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种提高山羊肉质的构树叶发酵饲料及其制备方法,属于山羊饲料技术领域,所述饲料包括基料和添加剂,所述基料包括如下重量份的原料：40-60份豆粕、10-20份谷糠、65-90份构树叶、30-50份苎麻叶、10-15份构树果实、8-12份中药渣、0.5-1.5份生物菌剂；所述添加剂包括如下重量份的原料：3-5份食盐、2-6份小苏打、1-5份虾壳粉、0.2-0.5份益生菌、0.1-0.3份复合维生素、0.2-0.3份微量元素。本发明提供制作所述饲料的制备方法。本发明原料来源广泛,降低产物生产成本,且制备方法简单,具有更好的适口性和稳定性,且能提高山羊肉质和营养价值。(The invention provides a broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of goat feeds, wherein the feed comprises a base material and an additive, and the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of bran coat, 65-90 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 30-50 parts of ramie leaves, 10-15 parts of broussonetia papyrifera fruits, 8-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 0.5-1.5 parts of biological microbial inoculum; the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of salt, 2-6 parts of baking soda, 1-5 parts of shrimp shell powder, 0.2-0.5 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.3 part of composite vitamin and 0.2-0.3 part of trace elements. The invention provides a preparation method for preparing the feed. The invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, reduced product production cost, simple preparation method, better palatability and stability, and improved goat meat quality and nutritive value.)

1. The paper mulberry leaf fermented feed for improving the quality of goat meat is characterized by comprising a base material and an additive, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of bran coat, 65-90 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 30-50 parts of ramie leaves, 10-15 parts of broussonetia papyrifera fruits, 8-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 0.5-1.5 parts of biological microbial inoculum;

the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of salt, 2-6 parts of baking soda, 1-5 parts of shrimp shell powder, 0.2-0.5 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.3 part of composite vitamin and 0.2-0.3 part of trace elements.

2. The broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving the goat meat quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological agent is prepared by mixing candida tropicalis, bifidobacterium breve and lactobacillus reuteri according to a mass ratio of 3-6:4-8: 2-5.

3. The broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine residues are products obtained by respectively extracting traditional Chinese medicines with water, and are prepared by mixing gynostemma pentaphylla residues, eucommia ulmoides residues and bamboo shavings residues according to a mass ratio of 10-15:3-5: 4-9.

4. The broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex is a composition prepared from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E in any proportion.

5. The broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trace elements are a composition of ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium carbonate, zinc sulfate and sodium chloride in any proportion.

6. A preparation method of the broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:

s1, cleaning the broussonetia papyrifera leaves and the ramie leaves, airing and then cutting into pieces to obtain raw material powder for later use;

s2, injecting the soybean meal, the bran coat, the raw material powder, the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the biological agent and the auxiliary materials into a fermentation tank for fermentation reaction to obtain a fermentation material;

s3, uniformly stirring the fermentation material, the paper mulberry fruit and the additive, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and preparing into granules to obtain the feed.

7. The method of preparing broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 6, wherein the grinding is performed to a raw material length of 5-10mm in step S1.

8. The method for preparing a broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 6, wherein the fermentation reaction conditions are that the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 28-35 ℃ in a fermentation tank for 65-75 hours in step S2.

9. The method for preparing broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S2, the auxiliary material is sucrose solution or maltose solution with a mass concentration of 1-1.5%.

10. The method for preparing broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S2, the amount of the auxiliary material is 2.0-2.5 times of the weight of the raw material powder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a paper mulberry leaf fermented feed for improving goat meat quality and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The paper mulberry has the characteristics of fast growth, wide adaptability, strong sprouting power, easy propagation, smoke resistance and strong atmospheric pollution resistance, and is an important tree species for greening and bank protection. The paper mulberry is a treasure, the bark is a high-quality paper making and textile raw material, the bark juice and the fruit can be used for medicine, especially, the protein content of paper mulberry leaves is rich, the protein content reaches 24.0% by analysis, and the paper mulberry is safe and nontoxic, belongs to a good protein feed, and can also be used as a health food additive. Therefore, the utilization potential of the broussonetia papyrifera resource is huge.

China is the country with the largest ramie yield and planting area, and the ramie by-product, ramie leaves, is extremely rich in resources. But have not been fully utilized for a long time. The ramie leaves have rich nutrient content and can be eaten and fed. The content of crude protein in the dried ramie leaves is up to 20.5 percent, the content of crude fat is 6.7 percent, the content of phosphorus is 0.39 percent, and the content of calcium is 4.6 percent. In addition, ramie leaves also contain 8 amino acids essential to humans and animals. Through years of experiments, the results show that the ramie leaves have excellent effects of feeding chickens, pigs and fishes.

The proportion of livestock production in the total agricultural value in China reaches 30.8%, and the livestock production is particularly suitable for vast poor areas and is also a main area for sheep raising, and the sheep raising becomes a main income source for vast farmers. The breeding process does not attach enough importance to the feed improvement work, so that the goat grows and develops slowly, has small body size, low meat yield and poor meat quality, the weight of the adult male goat and the weight of the adult female goat are only 35Kg and 24Kg respectively, the investment is large, the economic benefit is low, and the development trend of the consumer market cannot be adapted. Therefore, the research and development of the broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed are needed, and the meat quality, the flavor and the taste of the goats are better through feeding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides the broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed for improving the goat meat quality and the preparation method thereof, and the broussonetia papyrifera leaf fermented feed has the advantages of wide raw material source, reduction in the production cost of the feed, simple preparation method, capability of improving the gastrointestinal absorption efficiency of the goat and enhancing the disease resistance, and the raised goat meat has good quality and good taste.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the paper mulberry leaf fermented feed for improving the quality of goat meat comprises a base material and an additive, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of bran coat, 65-90 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 30-50 parts of ramie leaves, 10-15 parts of broussonetia papyrifera fruits, 8-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 0.5-1.5 parts of biological microbial inoculum;

the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of salt, 2-6 parts of baking soda, 1-5 parts of shrimp shell powder, 0.2-0.5 part of probiotics, 0.1-0.3 part of composite vitamin and 0.2-0.3 part of trace elements.

Further, the biological agent is prepared by mixing candida tropicalis, bifidobacterium breve and lactobacillus reuteri according to the mass ratio of 3-6:4-8: 2-5.

Further, the Chinese medicine residues are products obtained by respectively extracting the Chinese medicines with water, and are prepared by mixing gynostemma pentaphylla residues, eucommia ulmoides residues and bamboo shavings residues according to the mass ratio of 10-15:3-5: 4-9.

Further, the compound vitamin is a composition formed by combining vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E according to any proportion.

Preferably, the compound vitamin is a composition prepared from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E according to the mass ratio of 2-5:5-7:2-6:3: 2-7.

Further, the trace elements are a composition formed by combining ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium carbonate, zinc sulfate and sodium chloride according to any proportion.

Preferably, the trace elements are a composition prepared from ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium carbonate, zinc sulfate and sodium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1-1.5:0.5-1:2-4:1: 5-7.

The invention provides a preparation method of the fermented feed, which comprises the following steps:

s1, cleaning the broussonetia papyrifera leaves and the ramie leaves, airing and then cutting into pieces to obtain raw material powder for later use;

s2, injecting the soybean meal, the bran coat, the raw material powder, the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the biological agent and the auxiliary materials into a fermentation tank for fermentation reaction to obtain a fermentation material;

s3, uniformly stirring the fermentation material, the paper mulberry fruit and the additive, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and preparing into granules to obtain the feed.

Further, in step S1, the raw material is pulverized to a length of 5 to 10 mm.

Further, in step S2, the fermentation reaction is carried out at a temperature of 28-35 ℃ for 65-75 hours in the fermenter.

Further, in step S2, the auxiliary material is a sucrose solution or a maltose solution with a mass concentration of 1-1.5%.

Further, in step S2, the amount of the auxiliary material is 2.0 to 2.5 times the weight of the raw material powder.

The raw materials of the invention, namely salt, sodium bicarbonate, shrimp shell powder, probiotics, biological agent, trace elements and compound vitamins, are purchased from domestic and foreign breeding raw material companies and are directly used without any processing.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts ramie leaves and broussonetia papyrifera leaves as main raw materials, wherein, the ramie leaves have higher content of crude protein and are rich in phosphorus content, calcium and a plurality of amino acid components; the content of protein in the broussonetia papyrifera leaves is up to 20-30%, the nutrient components such as amino acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, trace elements and the like are also very rich, and the breeding efficiency by adding the broussonetia papyrifera leaves is up to 46-108% through a feeding contrast test; the Broussonetia papyrifera fruit is sour and sweet in taste, has the effects of promoting urination, tonifying kidney and strengthening bones and muscles, also contains various nutritional ingredients such as amino acids and mineral substances, and can promote the improvement of the immunity and prevent diseases.

2. The Chinese medicine residues including the gynostemma pentaphylla residues, the eucommia ulmoides residues and the bamboo shaving residues are added, are mostly discarded materials, are sweet in taste, have the effects of clearing heat, harmonizing stomach and reducing fat content in a goat body, are diuretic and detoxifying, are beneficial to removing wastes in the goat body, can greatly improve the absorption efficiency of the goat, reduce the gastrointestinal diseases, change waste into valuable, save resources and protect the environment; the soybean meal and the bran coat have high content of crude fiber, protein and sugar, the efficiency of the soybean meal and the bran coat consumed by intestinal tracts is greatly improved by fermentation and reutilization, the product is obtained by reasonable proportioning, the palatability and the nutritive value are good, the soybean meal and the bran coat can be widely applied to livestock and poultry breeding, the quality of livestock and poultry can be effectively improved, and the economic benefit is improved.

3. According to the invention, the biological agent is added into the base material for fermentation, so that the obtained extract is uniformly fermented, has a sour and fragrant smell and good palatability, can promote effective decomposition of plant protein, is high in utilization rate, and can effectively ensure that the plant protein is not damaged; the absorption and conversion of the vegetable protein are promoted, the digestion is easy after eating, the gastrointestinal burden of the goat can be better reduced by the fermented substances, and the feed absorption efficiency is improved; the feed additive is added with additives including salt, baking soda, shrimp shell powder, probiotics, compound vitamins and trace elements, so that the obtained feed additive is balanced in nutrition, the gastrointestinal tract digestion function of the goat can be effectively improved, the absorption efficiency of the goat can be greatly improved, the disease resistance can be enhanced, the feed prepared from the feed additive has a remarkable prevention and treatment effect on the goat cold, and the influence on meat quality due to the overuse of antibiotics is avoided; the raised goat meat has good quality, good taste, safety and no toxic or side effect, is widely applied to livestock and poultry breeding, and can effectively improve economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The following examples may assist those skilled in the art in a more complete understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.