阅读说明：本技术 一种子母式铲斗、挖掘机的工作装置及挖掘机 (Primary and secondary type bucket, working device of excavator and excavator ) 是由 王连通 耿家文 董步军 王全永 历娜 曹宇 曹海燕 宗波 李乾坤 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种子母式铲斗、挖掘机的工作装置及挖掘机,其中,子母式铲斗用于挖掘机上,包括母斗体、子斗体和第一连杆,所述母斗体和所述子斗体的远离各自所连斗齿的一端相互铰接于所述挖掘机的斗杆,所述挖掘机的铲斗油缸用于驱动所述子斗体旋转,所述子斗体可拆卸连接于所述母斗体的背板外侧壁上,且所述母斗体和所述子斗体均被设置为反铲；所述子母式铲斗具有两种工作模式,分别为组合工作模式和分离工作模式。该子母斗式铲斗则在实现了基本的挖机铲斗功能的同时,也可进行低矮空间下的作业以及多角度的作业,同时不需要额外配置,减少人力的同时节省了成本,能够高效的完成挖机的不同要求下的作业,使隧道等施工作业更加快捷高效。(The invention discloses a primary-secondary type bucket, a working device of an excavator and the excavator, wherein the primary-secondary type bucket is used on the excavator and comprises a primary bucket body, a secondary bucket body and a first connecting rod, one ends, far away from bucket teeth connected with the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body, of the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are hinged to bucket rods of the excavator, a bucket oil cylinder of the excavator is used for driving the secondary bucket body to rotate, the secondary bucket body is detachably connected to the outer side wall of a back plate of the primary bucket body, and the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are both arranged to be backhoes; the combined bucket has two working modes, namely a combined working mode and a separated working mode. This primary and secondary bucket formula scraper bowl has then realized basic excavator scraper bowl function, also can carry out the operation under the low space and the operation of multi-angle, does not need extra configuration simultaneously, has saved the cost when reducing the manpower, can accomplish the operation under the different requirements of excavator by the efficient, makes construction operations such as tunnel swift high-efficient more.)

1. A primary and secondary bucket is used for an excavator and is characterized by comprising a primary bucket body, a secondary bucket body and a first connecting rod, wherein one ends, far away from bucket teeth connected with the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body, of the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are hinged to a bucket rod of the excavator, a bucket oil cylinder of the excavator is used for driving the secondary bucket body to rotate, the secondary bucket body is detachably connected to the outer side wall of a back plate of the primary bucket body, and the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are both arranged to be a backhoe;

the combined bucket has two working modes, namely a combined working mode and a separated working mode;

when the combined working mode of the master-slave bucket is selected, the slave bucket body is connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the master bucket body;

when the primary and secondary bucket selects a separation working mode, the primary bucket body rotates to the position, close to the bucket rod, of the tooth point of the bucket tooth connected with the primary bucket body, two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively connected with the primary bucket body and the bucket rod, and at least one end of the first connecting rod is detachably connected.

2. The snap-in bucket of claim 1, wherein a ratio of a maximum distance of a projected contour of the sub-bucket body along a first direction to a first straight line to a maximum distance of a projected contour of the main bucket body along the first direction to a second straight line ranges from 0.5 to 0.7 when the snap-in bucket is in the combined operation mode;

the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the female bucket body;

the first straight line is a straight line where a connecting line of a projection of the hinge point of the main bucket body and the auxiliary bucket body hinged to the bucket rod along a first direction and a projection of the tooth tip of the auxiliary bucket body along the first direction is located;

the second straight line is a straight line where a connecting line of a projection of the main bucket body and a projection of the auxiliary bucket body hinged to the bucket rod along a first direction and a projection of a tooth tip of the main bucket body along the first direction is located.

3. The master-slave bucket according to claim 1, further comprising a first bracket, wherein the first bracket is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the master bucket body, the first bracket is provided with at least one first shaft hole along a first direction, and the side plates on two sides of the slave bucket body are provided with second shaft holes matched with the first shaft holes in shape and number along the first direction;

when the combined type bucket is in a combined working mode, the sub bucket body and the main bucket body penetrate through the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole through the pin shaft to form detachable connection;

the first direction is perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the female bucket body.

4. The snap-in bucket according to claim 3, wherein the number of the first brackets is one or two.

5. The snap-in bucket according to claim 1, further comprising a second bracket, wherein the second bracket is fixedly disposed on the bucket rod along the length direction of the bucket rod, and the second bracket is provided with at least two through holes at intervals along the length direction of the bucket rod, one end of the first link is hinged to the second bracket through the through holes, and the through holes are used for adjusting the rotation angle of the main bucket body relative to the bucket rod.

6. The snap-in type bucket according to claim 5, wherein the number of the through holes is three, and the through holes are a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole in sequence along a direction away from the snap-in type bucket;

the separation working mode specifically comprises a clamping mode and a tunneling mode;

when one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second support through the first through hole or the second through hole, the combined bucket is in a clamping mode, and the excavator performs clamping operation through the rotation of the sub bucket body and the space between the sub bucket body and the main bucket body;

when one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second support through the third through hole, the combined type bucket is in a tunneling mode, and the excavator performs excavating operation through the sub-bucket body.

7. The snap-in bucket of claim 1, wherein the sub-bucket body is a loose soil bucket.

8. A working device for an excavator, comprising a snap-in bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The working device of an excavator according to claim 8, wherein a second connecting rod and a rocker are arranged between the sub-bucket body and the bucket rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the sub-bucket body, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the rocker, the other end of the rocker is hinged to the bucket rod, the hinged position of the second connecting rod and the rocker is connected with the bucket cylinder, and the other end of the bucket cylinder is connected to the bucket rod.

10. An excavator comprising the working device of the excavator according to claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a working device structure of engineering machinery, in particular to a combined type multipurpose bucket structure of an excavator, and belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery excavators.

Background

In daily construction and production, an excavator is often used for excavation, loading, crushing, dismantling and other operations. Wherein the main work implement is a bucket, whose main functions are digging, loading and unloading, etc. Due to the structural characteristics, the functions are single, the material grabbing operation cannot be realized, and meanwhile, under a low space, the outward swing angle of the bucket is limited, so that the top operation in the low space cannot be performed.

At present, two modes for realizing low-altitude excavation in the market are generally that three machines of a conventional bucket, a grab and a scarifier are configured, and the three machines are switched by a disassembly mode; and the other mode is that a quick-change device is provided for quick switching while configuring the machine tool.

In the conventional machine tool, although the operation under different environments can be realized by switching the buckets with different functions, the bucket is switched every time one operation is performed. This results in two problems, one is that configuring different machines at the same time is labor-consuming and the cost is increased more than that of one machine, and the other is time-consuming when switching different machines, which increases the total working time and reduces the working efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a primary-secondary type bucket, which can enable a primary bucket body to be in different angles by linking a recovery assembly to different hinge points below a bucket rod, thereby realizing different excavation works.

The invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:

a primary and secondary bucket is used on an excavator and comprises a primary bucket body, a secondary bucket body and a first connecting rod, wherein one ends, far away from bucket teeth connected with the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body, of the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are hinged to a bucket rod of the excavator, a bucket oil cylinder of the excavator is used for driving the secondary bucket body to rotate, the secondary bucket body is detachably connected to the outer side wall of a back plate of the primary bucket body, and the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body are both arranged to be backhoes; the combined bucket has two working modes, namely a combined working mode and a separated working mode; when the combined working mode of the master-slave bucket is selected, the slave bucket body is connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the master bucket body; when the primary and secondary bucket selects a separation working mode, the primary bucket body rotates to the position, close to the bucket rod, of the tooth point of the bucket tooth connected with the primary bucket body, two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively connected with the primary bucket body and the bucket rod, and at least one end of the first connecting rod is detachably connected.

Further, when the master-slave type bucket is in a combined working mode, the ratio of the maximum distance from the projection profile of the sub bucket body along the first direction to the first straight line to the maximum distance from the projection profile of the main bucket body along the first direction to the second straight line ranges from 0.5 to 0.7; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the female bucket body; the first straight line is a straight line where a connecting line of a projection of the hinge point of the main bucket body and the auxiliary bucket body hinged to the bucket rod along a first direction and a projection of the tooth tip of the auxiliary bucket body along the first direction is located; the second straight line is a straight line where a connecting line of a projection of the main bucket body and a projection of the auxiliary bucket body hinged to the bucket rod along a first direction and a projection of a tooth tip of the main bucket body along the first direction is located.

The first support is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the main bucket body, at least one first shaft hole is formed in the first direction of the first support, and second shaft holes matched with the first shaft holes in shape and quantity are formed in the side plates on the two sides of the sub bucket body in the first direction; when the combined type bucket is in a combined working mode, the sub bucket body and the main bucket body penetrate through the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole through the pin shaft to form detachable connection; the first direction is perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the female bucket body.

Further, the number of the first brackets is one or two.

The hopper is characterized by further comprising a second support, the second support is fixedly arranged on the hopper rod along the length direction of the hopper rod, at least two through holes are formed in the second support along the length direction of the hopper rod at intervals, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second support through the through holes, and the through holes are used for adjusting the rotating angle of the main hopper body relative to the hopper rod.

Furthermore, the number of the through holes is three, and the through holes are a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole in sequence along the direction away from the combined bucket; the separation working mode specifically comprises a clamping mode and a tunneling mode; when one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second support through the first through hole or the second through hole, the combined bucket is in a clamping mode, and the excavator performs clamping operation through the rotation of the sub bucket body and the space between the sub bucket body and the main bucket body; when one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second support through the third through hole, the combined type bucket is in a tunneling mode, and the excavator performs excavating operation through the sub-bucket body.

Further, the sub-bucket body is a soil loosening bucket.

A working device of an excavator comprises the primary-secondary type bucket.

Furthermore, a second connecting rod and a rocker are arranged between the sub bucket body and the bucket rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the sub bucket body, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the rocker, the other end of the rocker is hinged to the bucket rod, the hinged position of the second connecting rod and the rocker is connected with the bucket oil cylinder, and the other end of the bucket oil cylinder is connected to the bucket rod.

An excavator comprises the excavator working device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the excavator in the existing market has single function, low-space operation needs to be realized through additional configuration, field switching is needed, the cost requirement is high, more manpower is needed, the primary and secondary bucket type bucket can realize the basic excavator bucket function, operation in a low space and multi-angle operation can be performed, meanwhile, additional configuration is not needed, the labor is reduced, the cost is saved, and the operation under different requirements of the excavator can be efficiently completed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a view of the structure of a combined multi-purpose bucket according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the status of the main-sub type multi-purpose bucket of the present invention (capable of performing low-level work);

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the status of the master-slave multi-purpose bucket of the present invention (for digging and grabbing material);

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the present invention showing the status of the main-sub type multi-purpose bucket (for digging and grabbing materials);

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the combined multi-purpose bucket of the present invention as a normal bucket;

FIG. 6 is a view of the present invention showing the operation of the combined multi-purpose bucket in a low space.

Detailed Description

In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the conventional machine tool, although the operation under different environments can be realized by switching the buckets with different functions, the bucket is switched every time one operation is performed. This results in two problems, one is that configuring different machines at the same time is labor-consuming and the cost is increased more than that of one machine, and the other is time-consuming when switching different machines, which increases the total working time and reduces the working efficiency. Therefore, the invention provides a primary-secondary type multipurpose bucket, the primary bucket body can be separated from the secondary bucket body by detaching the connecting device, and the secondary bucket body can work at the same time. The specific scheme is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a primary and secondary bucket for an excavator comprises a primary bucket body 10, a secondary bucket body 20 and a first connecting rod 401, wherein one ends of the primary bucket body 10 and the secondary bucket body 20, which are far away from the bucket teeth connected with the primary bucket body and the secondary bucket body, are hinged to a bucket rod 50 of the excavator, a bucket cylinder 70 of the excavator is used for driving the secondary bucket body 20 to rotate, the secondary bucket body 20 is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the primary bucket body 10, and the primary bucket body 10 and the secondary bucket body 20 are both configured as a backhoe; the combined bucket has two working modes, namely a combined working mode and a separated working mode; when the combined working mode of the combined bucket is selected, the sub bucket body 20 is connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the main bucket body 10; when the primary-secondary bucket selects the separation working mode, the primary bucket body 10 is retracted into the bucket rod 50 and rotated to a position where the tooth tips of the bucket teeth connected with the primary bucket body 10 are close to the bucket rod 50, two ends of the first connecting rod 401 are connected to the primary bucket body 10 and the bucket rod 50 respectively, and at least one end of the first connecting rod 401 is detachably connected.

It should be noted that, when the combined working mode is performed, the ratio of the maximum distance from the projection profile of the sub bucket body 20 along the first direction to the first straight line to the maximum distance from the projection profile of the main bucket body 10 along the first direction to the second straight line is in the range of 0.5-0.7; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the main hopper body 10; the first straight line is a straight line on which a connecting line of a projection of a hinged point of the main bucket body 10 and the sub bucket body 20 hinged to the bucket rod 50 along the first direction and a projection of a tooth tip of the sub bucket body 20 along the first direction is located; the second straight line is a straight line on which a connecting line of a projection of a hinged point of the main bucket body 10 and the sub bucket body 20 hinged to the bucket rod 50 along the first direction and a projection of a tooth tip of the main bucket body 10 along the first direction is located.

When the combined type bucket is in a combined working mode, the maximum distance from the projection profile of the sub bucket body 20 along the first direction to the first straight line is smaller than the maximum distance from the projection profile of the main bucket body 10 along the first direction to the second straight line.

Further scheme: continuing to refer to fig. 2, the hopper further comprises a first bracket 301, the first bracket 301 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the back plate of the main hopper body 10, the first bracket 301 is provided with at least one first shaft hole 302 along the first direction, and the side plates on the two sides of the sub-hopper body 20 are provided with second shaft holes 303 matched with the first shaft holes in shape and number along the first direction; when the combined bucket is in a combined working mode, the sub bucket body 20 and the main bucket body 10 penetrate through the first shaft hole 302 and the second shaft hole 303 through the pin shaft to form detachable connection; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the side plate of the main body 10.

It should be noted that the number of the first brackets 301 is one or two.

Further scheme: continuing to refer to fig. 3, the bucket further includes a second bracket 402, the second bracket 402 is fixedly arranged on the bucket rod 50 along the length direction of the bucket rod 50, at least two through holes are formed in the second bracket 402 along the length direction of the bucket rod 50 at intervals, one end of the first connecting rod 401 is hinged to the second bracket 402 through the through holes, and the through holes are used for adjusting the rotation angle of the main bucket body 10 relative to the bucket rod 50.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the number of the through holes is three, and the through holes are a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole in sequence along the direction away from the snap bucket; the separation working mode specifically comprises a clamping mode and a tunneling mode; when one end of the first connecting rod 401 is hinged to the second bracket 402 through the first through hole or the second through hole, the master-slave bucket is in a clamping mode, and the excavator performs clamping operation through the rotation of the sub-bucket body 20 and the space between the sub-bucket body 20 and the main bucket body 10; when one end of the first connecting rod 401 is hinged to the second bracket 402 through the third through hole, the combined bucket is in a tunneling mode, and the excavator performs excavation operation through the sub-bucket body.

It should be noted that the number of through holes on the second frame 402 is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, which are only examples, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that two, four or five through holes can be provided on the second frame 402, and equivalent changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the sub-bucket body 20 is a soil loosening bucket, and the included angle between the main blade plate and the top plate is large, so that the sub-bucket body can be turned over to the state that the tooth tips face upwards at a low height, thereby performing operation under the condition of limited tunnel height.

In summary, the present invention provides a mother-son type bucket, which can perform normal digging, loading and unloading operations (as shown in fig. 5) after the mother bucket 10 and the son bucket 20 are combined by the first bracket 301; the first link 401 can retract the main bucket 10, and the main bucket 10 can be at different angles by linking the first link 401 to different through holes below the bucket rod 50; when the main bucket body 10 is in a state I (shown in FIG. 2) by linking the first connecting rod 401, the main bucket body 10 can be folded to be very close to the bucket rod body, and at the moment, the sub bucket body 20 removes the first support 301 and is separated from the main bucket body 10, so that the tunneling operation in a low space (shown in FIG. 6) which cannot be performed by the main bucket body 10 can be performed; when the main bucket body 10 is in a state II or III (as shown in fig. 3 and 4) by linking the first connecting rod 401, the main bucket body 10 and the bucket rod 50 form a certain angle, and the main bucket body 10 and the auxiliary bucket body 20 can form a clamping action by opening and closing the auxiliary bucket body 20, so that the material clamping operation is realized. This primary and secondary bucket formula usage scraper bowl has then realized basic excavator scraper bowl function, also can carry out the operation under the low space and the operation of multi-angle, does not need extra configuration simultaneously, has saved the cost when reducing the manpower, can the efficient accomplish the operation under the different requirements of excavator, makes construction operations such as tunnel swift high-efficient more.

The invention also provides a working device of the excavator, which comprises the primary-secondary type bucket. A second connecting rod 601 and a rocker 602 are arranged between the sub-bucket body 20 and the bucket rod 50, one end of the second connecting rod 601 is hinged to the sub-bucket body 20, the other end of the second connecting rod 601 is hinged to the rocker 602, the other end of the rocker 602 is hinged to the bucket rod 50, a bucket oil cylinder 70 is connected to the hinged position of the second connecting rod 601 and the rocker 602, and the other end of the bucket oil cylinder 70 is connected to the bucket rod 50.

The invention further provides an excavator, which comprises the working device of the excavator.

The primary and secondary type bucket can be used for other mechanisms requiring the bucket to load, and is not limited to an excavator.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.