阅读说明：本技术 一种基于图像采集的稻田水位监测系统及方法 (Paddy field water level monitoring system and method based on image acquisition ) 是由 房云清 李旭东 邱江平 陈明晟 王月 马瑞君 唐舒雯 王梦娴 陈佳仪 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种基于图像采集的稻田水位监测系统及方法,包括标尺、图像采集处理系统、滤网、沉砂槽、基准平台、光伏板、立柱及固定部件；标尺垂直竖立于基准平台之上,用于标识稻田实时水位,利用具有定时红外摄像、文件储存、蓄电功能以及数据处理功能的图像采集处理系统定时拍摄标尺、储存图像并识别水位,通过滤网和沉砂槽保证系统的可靠性,利用光伏板为图像采集处理系统提供电力。本发明提供的稻田水位监测系统测量准确、可靠度高、施工方便、成本低廉。(The invention provides a paddy field water level monitoring system and method based on image acquisition, which comprises a scale, an image acquisition processing system, a filter screen, a grit chamber, a reference platform, a photovoltaic panel, a stand column and a fixing component, wherein the scale is arranged on the upper part of the image acquisition processing system; the scale erects perpendicularly on reference platform for the real-time water level in sign paddy field, utilizes the image acquisition processing system who has regularly infrared camera shooting, file storage, electric power storage function and data processing function to regularly shoot the scale, store the image and discern the water level, guarantees the reliability of system through filter screen and grit chamber, utilizes the photovoltaic board to provide electric power for image acquisition processing system. The rice field water level monitoring system provided by the invention has the advantages of accurate measurement, high reliability, convenience in construction and low cost.)

1. The utility model provides a paddy field water level monitoring system based on image acquisition which characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises a box body, wherein a water inlet is formed in one side of the box body, and a filter screen is arranged at the water inlet;

a reference platform, a scale, a sand settling tank and an image acquisition and processing system are arranged in the box body, wherein the scale is vertically erected on the reference platform and is used for marking the real-time water level of the rice field;

the sand settling tank is arranged between the filter screen and the reference platform and is used for settling silt in water, so that the reference platform is not covered by the silt;

the image acquisition and processing system comprises an infrared camera, a storage module, an electric power storage module and a data processing module, wherein the infrared camera is used for acquiring images of the scale at regular time; the data processing module identifies the water level of the image of the scale acquired by the infrared camera; the storage module is used for storing the image of the scale acquired by the infrared camera and the water level information identified by the data processing module.

2. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the image acquisition and processing system also comprises an information transmission module, and the water level information is transmitted to the terminal equipment through the information transmission module.

3. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data processing module converts the acquired RGB image of the scale into a gray image, obtains a binary water level image after threshold segmentation, calculates the pixel coordinate of the intersection of the scale and the water surface, and calculates water level information according to the original pixel coordinate of the scale.

4. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the scale adopts a white background, and is filled with black; the bottom end of the scale is at the same level as the upper surface of the reference platform.

5. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the image acquisition and processing system is arranged above the reference platform, and the photographing direction of the infrared camera in the image acquisition and processing system is aligned to the scale.

6. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower edge of the filter screen is flush with the height of the reference platform, and large-size sundries are filtered through the filter screen.

7. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the box is internally provided with the grit chamber, the upper edge of the grit chamber is at the same level as the reference platform, and the silt in the water is precipitated through the grit chamber.

8. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the system also comprises a photovoltaic panel and a supporting column, wherein the photovoltaic panel is supported above the box body through the supporting column, and the photovoltaic panel provides electric power for the image acquisition and processing system.

9. The system for monitoring water level in paddy field based on image acquisition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the bottom of the box body is provided with a fixing part, and the fixing part is used for supporting the box body.

10. An image-acquisition-based paddy field water level monitoring method using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

digging a pit with the same size as the monitoring system in the paddy field, then placing the monitoring system in the pit, and fixing the monitoring system in the soil of the paddy field;

the rice field soil surface is enabled to be flush with the height I of the reference platform of the monitoring system, the staff gauge of the monitoring system is perpendicular to the reference platform, the reading of the water level staff gauge is shot at regular time through the image acquisition and processing system, water level information in the image is recognized, and accurate monitoring of the rice field water level is achieved.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a system in the field of agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring, and particularly relates to a system and a method for monitoring the water level of a rice field.

Background

With the effective control of point source pollution such as industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage, agricultural non-point source pollution has gradually become the most important source of water environment pollution. Rice, one of the most important crops, has over 1.35 hundred million hectares of land available for rice planting throughout the world. China is the first major country of rice production in the world, and the rice yield accounts for about 40% of the total grain yield. The water consumption of the rice is about 60-70% of the total agricultural water, the fertilizer consumption is more than 20%, and the external world generally believes that: as a large water and fertilizer consumption household, nitrogen and phosphorus loss of the rice field is very serious, and the loss is an important reason for water body pollution.

The loss ways of the nitrogen in the rice field mainly comprise chance runoff loss, farmland drainage loss, soil erosion loss, leaching loss, volatilization and the like caused by rainfall. The factors influencing the loss of the nitrogen in the rice field are various, and include rainfall, fertilization, irrigation and cultivation modes, crop rotation systems and the like. Due to the influences of factors such as the geographical environment, the cultivation technology and the rice variety of the rice field, uneven rainfall spatial-temporal distribution and the like, the water level of the field surface is dynamically changed in the rice planting process, and water is a direct carrier of pollutants such as nitrogen in the rice field, so that the water level of the field surface has important influence on the loss of nutrient elements in the rice field. Therefore, the method has an important function of monitoring the water level of the rice field in the rice growing period, calculating the discharge amount of the non-point source pollutants of the rice field in the region and measuring the risk of the non-point source pollution of the rice field.

At present, the methods for monitoring the water level of the rice field mainly comprise a water level sensor method, a floater method and the like. The patent with the application number of CN201620660297.9 discloses an integration telemetering measurement paddy field moisture water level monitor, utilizes moisture sensor, level sensor, collection module, the communication module who sets up in the protecting crust to carry out work, has realized measuring simultaneously of paddy field water level, temperature and soil moisture, temperature parameter to can calculate the actual water demand of rice. Patent application number CN201721342643.X discloses a paddy field water level monitoring system, this paddy field water level monitoring system, the water tank is put into the paddy field, buoyancy of flotation tank can be given to the water of the inside, when the water level descends, the flotation tank also descends thereupon, at this moment the telescopic link will drive the depression bar and descend, when descending the alarm position of settlement, conducting spring and the conducting strip contact of downside, the warning light is bright, just so can observe from the distant place, just can confirm the paddy field lack of water, in time irrigate.

The above prior arts are all to monitor the water level of the paddy field by using a sensor or a float. The float method is suitable for instant alarm of the water level of the rice field, and a long-term monitoring result cannot be obtained; the sensor rule is limited by the accuracy and error of the sensor itself, and the reliability is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rice field water level monitoring system and method based on image acquisition.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

according to a first aspect of the invention, an image acquisition-based paddy field water level monitoring system is provided, which comprises a box body, wherein a water inlet is formed in one side of the box body, and a filter screen is arranged at the water inlet;

a reference platform, a scale, a sand settling tank and an image acquisition and processing system are arranged in the box body, wherein the scale is vertically erected on the reference platform and is used for marking the real-time water level of the rice field;

the sand settling tank is arranged between the filter screen and the reference platform and is used for settling silt in water, so that the reference platform is not covered by the silt;

the image acquisition and processing system comprises an infrared camera, a storage module, an electric power storage module and a data processing module, wherein the infrared camera is used for acquiring images of the scale at regular time; the data processing module identifies the water level of the image of the scale acquired by the infrared camera; the storage module is used for storing the image of the scale acquired by the infrared camera and the water level information identified by the data processing module.

Preferably, the image acquisition processing system further comprises an information transmission module, and the acquired water level information is transmitted to the terminal device through the information transmission module.

Preferably, a fixing part is arranged at the bottom of the box body and used for supporting the box body.

Preferably, the scale adopts a white background, and the scale is filled with black; the bottom end of the scale is at the same level as the upper surface of the reference platform.

Preferably, the image acquisition processing system is arranged above the reference platform, and the photographing direction of the infrared camera in the image acquisition processing system is aligned with the scale.

Preferably, the lower edge of the filter screen is flush with the height of the reference platform; the filter screen is a stainless steel cross filter screen.

Preferably, 3 sand setting grooves are arranged in the box body, and the upper edge of each sand setting groove is in the same level with the reference platform.

Preferably, the system further comprises a photovoltaic panel and a support pillar, the photovoltaic panel is supported above the box body through the support pillar, and the photovoltaic panel provides power for the image acquisition and processing system.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image-acquisition-based paddy field water level monitoring method using the above system, the method comprising:

digging a pit with the same size as the monitoring system in the paddy field, then placing the monitoring system in the pit and fixing the monitoring system in the soil of the paddy field;

the rice field soil surface is enabled to be flush with the height I of the reference platform of the monitoring system, the staff gauge of the monitoring system is perpendicular to the reference platform, the reading of the water level staff gauge is shot at regular time through the image acquisition and processing system, water level information in the image is recognized, and accurate monitoring of the rice field water level is achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention adopts an image acquisition mode to measure the water level of the rice field, and the result is the direct reflection of the water level, thereby overcoming the errors of other measurement means.

(2) The invention adopts an image acquisition mode to measure the water level of the rice field, can obtain a long-term monitoring result and realizes the accurate monitoring of the water level of the rice field.

(3) According to the invention, large-size impurities are filtered by the filter screen, and sediment in water is precipitated by the grit chamber, so that the reliability of the measurement result is ensured, and the relative water level change caused by the sediment and the impurities is avoided.

(4) The photovoltaic panel is used for providing power, the power storage function of the image acquisition and processing system is combined, the system is independent and usable, the photovoltaic panel can be flexibly placed at any position in a rice field, the constraints of a power supply and the like are avoided, and the photovoltaic panel is convenient, flexible, energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

the scores in the figure are indicated as: 1 is a scale, 2 is an image acquisition and processing system, 3 is a filter screen, 4 is a grit chamber, 5 is a reference platform, 6 is a photovoltaic panel, 7 is a stand column, 8 is a fixed part, and 9 is a box body.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural view of a rice field water level monitoring system based on image acquisition in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring system includes a box 9, a water inlet is provided at one side of the box 9, and a filter screen 3 is provided at the water inlet; through setting up filter screen 3 for when the paddy field water passes through the water inlet entering system, filter screen 3 can play the filter effect to jumbo size debris, and is clean and tidy in the maintenance system. A reference platform 5, a scale 1, a sand settling tank 4 and an image acquisition and processing system 2 are arranged in the box body 9, wherein the scale 1 is vertically erected on the reference platform 5, and the scale 1 is used for marking the real-time water level of the rice field; each grid scale of the scale 1 is filled with black and white colors in sequence, and a white background and black color can be adopted for filling; the 0 scale line of the scale 1 is at the same level as the upper surface of the reference platform 5. The grit chamber 4 sets up between filter screen 3 and reference platform 5, and grit chamber 4 upper limb is in the same level with reference platform 5, through setting up grit chamber 4 for sediment in the sediment water makes reference platform 5 not covered by silt, improves the reliable letter of system.

In a preferred embodiment, 3 sand settling tanks 4 are arranged in the box body 9.

As a preferred embodiment, the filter screen 3 can be made of stainless steel cross filter screen, and the lower edge of the filter screen 3 is arranged flush with the height of the reference platform 5.

The image acquisition and processing system 2 comprises an infrared camera, a storage module, an electric power storage module and a data processing module, wherein the infrared camera is used for acquiring images of the scale 1 at regular time, and the output end of the infrared camera is connected with the input end of the storage module and inputs the acquired images into the storage module; the storage module is used for storing the image collected by the infrared camera and the water level information after identification; the input end and the output end of the data processing module are connected with the storage module, and the data processing module is used for carrying out water level identification on the image collected by the infrared camera and storing the image through the storage module. The image acquisition processing system 2 is arranged above the reference platform 5, and the photographing direction of the infrared camera in the image acquisition processing system 2 is aligned with the scale 1.

The data processing module in the image acquisition processing system 2 firstly converts the acquired RGB image into a gray level image, obtains a binary water level image after threshold segmentation, calculates the pixel coordinate of the intersection of the scale 1 and the water surface, and calculates water level information according to the original pixel coordinate of the scale 1.

As a preferred embodiment, the image capturing and processing system 2 further includes an information transmission module, and the captured water level information is transmitted to the terminal device through the information transmission module. The system can realize real-time monitoring of the water level monitoring terminal.

The system uses the actual soil and water condition in paddy field as the basis, through the timing image acquisition to the 1 reading of water level gauge, realizes the accurate monitoring of paddy field water level.

In the system, the filter screen 3 is arranged in the box body 9 to filter large-size sundries, the grit chamber 4 is arranged to precipitate silt in water, the reliability of the measuring result is ensured, and the relative water level change caused by the silt and the sundries is avoided.

The bottom of the box 9 is provided with a fixing part 8, and the fixing part 8 is used for supporting the box 9. The system utilizes fixing component 8 to be fixed in the paddy field soil, digs a hole unanimous with system size in the paddy field during the construction at first, then places the system in the hole, utilizes fixing component 8 to fix, guarantees that paddy field soil surface and filter screen 3 lower limb flush.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a photovoltaic panel 6, the photovoltaic panel 6 is supported above the box 9 through a support, and the photovoltaic panel 6 provides power for the image acquisition and processing system 2. Utilize photovoltaic board 6 to provide electric power, combine image acquisition processing system 2's electric power storage function, accomplished independent usable of system, can place in the paddy field in any position in a flexible way, avoided constraint such as power, convenient flexibility, energy-concerving and environment-protective.

In another preferred embodiment, a method for monitoring the water level of a rice field is further provided, which is performed by using the monitoring system in the above preferred embodiment, and specifically, the method can be implemented according to the following operations:

at first dig a hole unanimous with box 9 size in the paddy field down, the degree of depth of hole is about 15cm, then place above-mentioned monitored control system in the hole, utilize fixed part 8 to be fixed in paddy field soil, pass through stand 7 with photovoltaic board 6 fixed, paddy field soil surface flushes with the lower border of filter screen 3, and paddy field soil surface flushes with 5 high one of benchmark platforms promptly to guarantee that the water level number of degrees of scale 1 can objectively reflect the paddy field water level. The scale 1 is perpendicular to the reference platform 5, and the 0 scale mark of the scale 1 is in the same level with the upper surface of the reference platform 5, and the photovoltaic panel 6 is combined with the electric power storage function of the image acquisition and processing system 2 to provide electric power guarantee for the system.

Based on the actual water and soil conditions of the rice field, the reading of the water level scale 1 is shot at regular time through the infrared camera in the image acquisition and processing system 2, and the water level is identified.

In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned parts may select the following parameters:

the length of the scale 1 is 40cm, the width of the scale is 5cm, the scale is 1cm, and each grid of scale is filled with black and white colors in sequence; the scale 1 is vertical to the reference platform 5, the 0 scale mark of the scale 1 is at the same level with the upper surface of the reference platform 5, and the height of the reference platform 5 is 15cm, and the width of the reference platform is 10 cm.

The setting height of the image acquisition processing system 2 is 30cm higher than that of the reference platform 5, the photographing direction is aligned to the scale 1, and the horizontal distance from the scale is 150 cm.

The filter screen 3 adopts a stainless steel cross filter screen, the aperture is 0.5cm, and the lower edge of the filter screen 3 is consistent with the height of the reference platform 5; 3 sand setting grooves 4 are arranged, the height is 15cm, the distance is 10cm, and the upper edge of each sand setting groove 4 is in the same level with the reference platform 5.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the water level is identified by acquiring the image of the scale in the rice field without manpower, so that a large amount of labor cost can be saved, and a long-term monitoring result can be obtained through intelligent monitoring, so that the accurate monitoring of the water level in the rice field is realized. According to the monitoring method, the water level of the rice field is measured in an image acquisition mode, and the result is direct reflection of the water level, so that the measurement precision and the reliability are greatly improved compared with the conventional common float method and sensor method.

The rice field water level monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of accurate measurement, high reliability, convenience in construction and low cost.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.