阅读说明：本技术 高温差环形分段热电材料发电器及其径向等截面积热电偶单元 (High-temperature-difference annular segmented thermoelectric material generator and radial equal-sectional-area thermocouple unit thereof ) 是由 庞丹丹 张爱兵 闻振菲 孙炎 金育安 吴增文 王骥 杜建科 于 2019-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种温差发电装置。一种环形热电材料发电器的热电偶单元,包括p型、n型热电材料支腿,所述p型、n型热电材料支腿均采用分段结构,通过高导电性能金属连接片/电极连接,所述热电偶单元两端面为同心圆弧端面,以θ为热电材料支腿的周向夹角,r<Sub>1</Sub>和r<Sub>2</Sub>分别为圆柱体热源的圆心到热电材料支腿上端和下端的径向距离,热电偶单元中p型及n型热电材料支腿径向宽度与半径成正比,厚度与半径成反比,使p型及n型热电材料支腿在径向方向截面积相等。一种高温差环形分段热电材料发电器,由环形管及一定数量的热电偶单元和引出电极构成,环形管的内壁和外壁采用导热电绝缘陶瓷板,热电偶单元夹在环形管内壁、外壁两层导热电绝缘陶瓷板中间。(The invention relates to a temperature difference power generation device. A thermocouple unit of an annular thermoelectric material generator comprises p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs, wherein the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are of a segmented structure and are connected through a high-conductivity metal connecting sheet/electrode, two end faces of the thermocouple unit are concentric arc end faces, theta is used as a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting legs, and r is used as a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting legs 1 And r 2 The radial distances from the circle center of the cylindrical heat source to the upper end and the lower end of the thermoelectric material supporting leg are respectively, the radial widths of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg in the thermocouple unit are in direct proportion to the radius, and the thicknesses of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are in inverse proportion to the radius, so that the sectional areas of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the. A high-temp difference ring-shaped segmented thermoelectric material generator is composed of ring tube, thermocouple units and leading-out electrodes, and features that the heat-conducting electrically-insulating ceramic plate is used for internal and external walls of said ring tube, and said thermocouple units are clamped between said thermocouple unitsThe middle of two layers of heat-conducting electric-insulating ceramic plates on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular tube.)

1. Thermocouple unit of a ring-shaped thermoelectric material generator comprising legs of p-type thermoelectric material (3), legs of n-type thermoelectric material (4) and metal connection tabs/electrodes (6), characterized in that: the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are of segmented structures, the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg (3) and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg (4) are connected through a high-conductivity metal connecting sheet/electrode (6) to form an annular thermocouple unit, two end faces of the thermocouple unit are concentric arc end faces, theta is used as a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting leg, and r is a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting leg₁And r₂The radial distances from the circle center of the cylindrical heat source to the upper end and the lower end of the thermoelectric material supporting leg are respectively, the radial widths of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg in the thermocouple unit are in direct proportion to the radius, and the thicknesses of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are in inverse proportion to the radius, so that the sectional areas of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the.

2. The thermocouple unit of the ring-shaped thermoelectric material power generator of claim 1, wherein: the p-type segmented thermoelectric material leg of the thermocouple unit is composed of a p-type high-temperature thermoelectric material (10), a p-type intermediate-temperature thermoelectric material (11) and a p-type low-temperature thermoelectric material (12), and the n-type segmented thermoelectric leg (4) of the thermocouple unit is composed of an n-type high-temperature thermoelectric material (7), an n-type intermediate-temperature thermoelectric material (8) and an n-type low-temperature thermoelectric material (9); the inner side end faces of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting legs and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are connected by adopting electrode plates (6) which are also concentric arc end faces, and the outer side end faces of the thermoelectric material supporting legs of two adjacent thermocouple units are provided with the electrode plates (6) which are also concentric arc end faces.

3. The thermocouple unit of the ring-shaped thermoelectric material power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are designed in n sections, and n is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2.

4. A high temperature difference ring-segmented thermoelectric material power generator using the thermoelectric element as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of a ring-shaped tube, a certain number of thermoelectric elements and extraction electrodes, and heat-conductive and electrically insulating ceramic plates are used for the inner wall and the outer wall of the ring-shaped tube, wherein: the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs of the thermocouple units are of segmented structures, connecting electrode plates (6) on the inner side end faces of the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are concentric arc end faces with the inner wall of the annular pipe, the other ends of the two supporting legs of each thermocouple unit are respectively connected with a preceding thermocouple unit or a following thermocouple unit through the electrode plates (6), the connecting electrode plates (6) on the outer side end faces of the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are concentric arc end faces with the outer wall of the annular pipe, and the thermocouple units are clamped between two layers of heat-conducting electric-insulating ceramic plates on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular pipe to form the.

5. The high temperature differential ring segmented thermoelectric material power generator of claim 4 wherein: the radial sectional areas of the thermoelectric material supporting legs of the thermocouple units are equal; taking theta as a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting legs, wherein the total heights of the thermoelectric material supporting legs and the electrode plates are respectively the radial distance from the inner wall of the annular tube to the outer wall of the annular tube of the cylindrical heat source; the inner wall (5) of the annular pipe is a high-temperature end, a high-temperature heat source (1) flows through the inner part of the annular pipe, and the outer wall (2) of the annular pipe is a low-temperature end.

6. The high temperature differential ring segmented thermoelectric material power generator of claim 4 or 5, wherein: all the thermocouple units are sequentially connected through metal connecting sheets/electrodes, and the initial end and the tail end of each thermocouple unit are respectively connected with an extraction electrode; and the outer wall of the annular tube is provided with radiating fins (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a thermoelectric power generation device, in particular to an annular thermocouple unit for thermoelectric material power generation and an annular thermoelectric material power generator.

Background

The thermoelectric material has a Seebeck effect, and when the temperature difference exists on two sides of the thermoelectric material, the potential difference can be generated on the two sides of the thermoelectric material, so that the heat energy can be converted into electric energy. Since the thermoelectric device can directly realize the interconversion between electric energy and heat energy, the thermoelectric device is mainly used for detecting temperature in the early stage, and is widely applied to the fields of electronic temperature control, waste heat power generation, aerospace battery packs and the like with the development of high-performance thermoelectric materials later.

The thermoelectric material power generation device is easy to maintain, energy-saving, environment-friendly, simple and stable. At present, thermoelectric technology is utilized to generate electricity by using industrial waste heat or temperature difference of automobile exhaust, and wide market prospect is gradually shown. In order to improve the specific power (output power per unit mass of thermoelectric material) of thermoelectric material power generation, we propose a thermocouple unit of an annular thermoelectric material power generator and an annular thermoelectric material power generator (patent number: 201820664895.2), which are suitable for cylindrical heat sources, and can realize effective utilization of waste heat especially when the heat sources are coal-fired boilers and automobile exhaust pipes. Because the optimal power generation efficiency of each thermoelectric material is only specific temperature range, the large-temperature-difference working environment cannot be met, and the power generation device formed by a single high-temperature thermoelectric material has lower efficiency. Therefore, the efficiency and power of thermoelectric power generation need to be further improved to meet the increasingly wide application requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a thermocouple unit using thermoelectric material supporting legs with a segmented structure aiming at the defects of the prior art, and accordingly provides a high-temperature-difference annular thermoelectric material generator with the same radial sectional area of the thermoelectric material supporting legs. The segmented design can enable high-temperature, medium-temperature and low-temperature thermoelectric materials to work in the temperature range with the highest efficiency, and compared with the existing leg type annular thermoelectric material generator, the high-temperature differential section annular thermoelectric generator not only has obviously improved specific power, but also has higher energy conversion efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a thermocouple unit of annular thermoelectric material generator, includes p type thermoelectric material landing leg (3), n type thermoelectric material landing leg (4) and metal connecting piece/electrode (6), p type, n type thermoelectric material landing leg all adopt the segment structure, p type thermoelectric material landing leg (3) and n type thermoelectric material landing leg (4) are connected through high-conductivity metal connecting piece/electrode (6), constitute annular thermocouple unit, thermocouple unit both ends face is concentric circular arc terminal surface to theta is the circumference contained angle of thermoelectric material landing leg, r₁And r₂The radial distances from the circle center of the cylindrical heat source to the upper end and the lower end of the thermoelectric material supporting leg are respectively, the radial widths of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg in the thermocouple unit are in direct proportion to the radius, and the thicknesses of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are in inverse proportion to the radius, so that the sectional areas of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the.

The thermocouple unit of the annular thermoelectric material generator comprises p-type high-temperature thermoelectric materials (800-; the inner side end faces of the p-type thermoelectric material supporting legs and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are connected by adopting electrode plates (6) which are also concentric arc end faces, and the outer side end faces of the thermoelectric material supporting legs of two adjacent thermocouple units are provided with the electrode plates (6) which are also concentric arc end faces.

Since the generating efficiency of the annular thermoelectric generator is in direct proportion to the temperature difference between two ends of the device, the output power is in direct proportion to the square of the temperature difference. In order for a thermoelectric generator to have a large power generation capacity, the thermoelectric generator needs to operate under a large temperature difference condition. The p-type thermoelectric material supporting leg and the n-type thermoelectric material supporting leg are made of three sections of high-temperature thermoelectric materials, medium-temperature thermoelectric materials and low-temperature thermoelectric materials, so that the annular thermocouple can obtain a larger optimal value in the whole temperature range, the average optimal value of the thermocouple in the whole working temperature area can be improved, and the power generation performance is improved.

The p-type thermoelectric material leg and the n-type thermoelectric material leg have equal cross sections in the radial direction, and have the maximum specific power at the moment according to the theoretical calculation of heat transfer.

A high-temperature-difference annular segmented thermoelectric material generator adopting the thermocouple units comprises an annular tube, a certain number of thermocouple units and leading-out electrodes, wherein the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular tube are made of heat-conducting electric-insulation ceramic plates, p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs of the thermocouple units are of segmented structures, connecting electrode plates (6) on the inner side end faces of the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are concentric arc end faces with the inner wall of the annular tube, the other ends of the two supporting legs of each thermocouple unit are respectively connected with the previous or subsequent thermocouple unit through the electrode plates (6), the connecting electrode plates (6) on the outer side end faces of the p-type and n-type thermoelectric material supporting legs are concentric arc end faces with the outer wall of the annular tube, and the thermocouple units are clamped on the inner wall of the annular tube, the middle of the two layers of heat-conducting electric-insulating ceramic plates on the outer wall forms an annular thermocouple.

The radial sectional areas of the thermoelectric material supporting legs of the thermocouple units are equal; taking theta as a circumferential included angle of the thermoelectric material supporting legs, wherein the total heights of the thermoelectric material supporting legs and the electrode plates are respectively the radial distance from the inner wall of the annular tube to the outer wall of the annular tube of the cylindrical heat source; the inner wall (5) of the annular pipe is a high-temperature end, a high-temperature heat source (1) flows through the inner part of the annular pipe, and the outer wall (2) of the annular pipe is a low-temperature end.

In the high-temperature-difference annular segmented thermoelectric material generator, all the thermocouple units are sequentially connected through the metal connecting sheet/electrode, and the initial end and the tail end are respectively connected with the extraction electrode; and the outer wall of the annular tube is provided with radiating fins (2).

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the thermocouple unit of the annular thermoelectric material generator has reasonable structural design and improves the specific power of the annular thermoelectric material generator. Compared with the existing leg type annular thermoelectric material generator, the thermocouple unit has the advantages that the specific power of the high-temperature segmented annular thermoelectric material generator is obviously improved, and the energy conversion efficiency is higher. When the radial width of the p-type thermoelectric material leg and the radial width of the n-type thermoelectric material leg are in direct proportion to the radius, and the thickness of the p-type thermoelectric material leg and the n-type thermoelectric material leg are in inverse proportion to the radius, the sectional areas of the p-type thermoelectric material leg and the n-type thermoelectric material leg in the radial direction are equal, and the specific power of the annular thermoelectric generator is the highest. At the moment, the specific power, namely the output power of unit mass can reach the maximum, and a foundation is provided for a high-power and high-efficiency temperature difference power generation device.

2. The thermocouple unit of the annular thermoelectric material generator and the high-temperature-difference annular thermoelectric material generator thereof adopt a segmented structure to ensure that the annular thermocouple can obtain a larger optimal value in the whole temperature range. Since the generating efficiency of the annular thermoelectric generator is in direct proportion to the temperature difference between two ends of the device, the output power is in direct proportion to the square of the temperature difference. In order for a thermoelectric generator to have a large power generation capacity, the thermoelectric generator needs to operate under a large temperature difference condition. The p-type thermoelectric material support leg and the n-type thermoelectric material support leg are respectively designed in a segmented mode and are respectively high-temperature thermoelectric materials, medium-temperature thermoelectric materials and low-temperature thermoelectric materials, and each thermoelectric material has higher energy conversion efficiency in a proper temperature range, so that the high-temperature segmented annular thermoelectric generator formed by the thermoelectric support legs with the segmented structures formed by connecting the three thermoelectric materials in series has higher energy conversion efficiency than the annular thermoelectric generator formed by a single thermoelectric material.

3. The invention relates to a high-temperature-difference annular thermoelectric material generator which comprises an annular pipe, a certain number of high-temperature-difference thermoelectric couple units with segmented structures and extraction electrodes, wherein the inner wall of the annular pipe is a high-temperature end, the outer wall of the annular pipe is a low-temperature end, and each thermoelectric couple unit is clamped between two layers of heat-conducting electrically-insulating ceramic plates on the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular pipe and is sequentially connected through a metal connecting sheet/electrode. The heat source is a cylinder, and especially when the heat source is a coal-fired boiler or an automobile exhaust pipe, the waste heat can be effectively utilized. Compared with the existing leg type annular thermoelectric material generator, the leg type annular thermoelectric material generator adopts the thermoelectric material leg with the segmented structure with the same radial sectional area, so that the specific power of the generator is obviously improved, and the energy conversion efficiency is higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembled configuration of an annular thermoelectric material power generator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a thermocouple unit for generating electricity using a thermoelectric material according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a thermoelectric element for generating electricity using a thermoelectric material according to the present invention;

figure 4 is a graph of the efficiency of an annular segmented thermoelectric generator with legs of thermoelectric material of equal cross-sectional area in the radial direction versus a non-segmented thermoelectric generator.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The skilled person is well within the scope of the prior art, and substitutions by conventional means and simple combinations with the prior art are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.