Swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles of straw lands
阅读说明:本技术 一种用于秸秆地除茬的摆动式犁田机构 (Swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles of straw lands ) 是由 蒋能新 于 2019-11-21 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种用于秸秆地除茬的摆动式犁田机构,包括犁杆和十字连杆,犁杆由两节L形杆段和一节梯形杆段构成的五节杆状,十字连杆底端固接轴环,顶端焊接档位块;轴环套接L形杆段,两个犁杆前端和后端由第一弹簧连接;两个档位块连接液压伸缩杆,其活塞筒架设支撑板,档位块架设支撑杆,支撑板上设抽油泵和储油罐,抽油泵连接活塞筒和储油罐,储油罐插接T形管,T形管顶端设活动塞和安装筒体,侧出口端与活塞筒连接;犁杆穿接旋转轴及电机,旋转轴上设带尖刺的刀板。本发明通过间歇性油压控制实现了一种摆动式犁田方法,其能够将根茬翻起破碎,对根茬脱除率及破碎率较高,有利于提高秸秆地的开垦犁田效率,便于后续的抢季种植。(The invention discloses a swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles in straw lands, which comprises a plough rod and a cross connecting rod, wherein the plough rod is in a five-rod shape consisting of two L-shaped rod sections and one trapezoidal rod section, the bottom end of the cross connecting rod is fixedly connected with a shaft collar, and the top end of the cross connecting rod is welded with a gear block; the shaft collar is sleeved with the L-shaped rod section, and the front ends and the rear ends of the two plough rods are connected by a first spring; the two gear blocks are connected with a hydraulic telescopic rod, a supporting plate is erected on a piston cylinder of the hydraulic telescopic rod, a supporting rod is erected on the gear blocks, an oil well pump and an oil storage tank are arranged on the supporting plate, the oil well pump is connected with the piston cylinder and the oil storage tank, a T-shaped pipe is inserted into the oil storage tank, a movable plug and an installation barrel are arranged at the top end of the T-shaped pipe, and a side outlet end of the T-; the plough rod is connected with the rotating shaft and the motor in a penetrating way, and the rotating shaft is provided with a knife board with a sharp thorn. The invention realizes the swing type ploughing method through intermittent oil pressure control, can turn up and crush the stubbles, has higher removal rate and crushing rate of the stubbles, is beneficial to improving the ploughing efficiency of the straw land for reclamation, and is convenient for subsequent season-rush planting.)
1. The swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles in straw lands comprises two symmetrically arranged plough rods (1) and two groups of cross connecting rods (2), and is characterized in that the plough rods (1) are five rod-shaped sections which are integrally formed by an L-shaped rod section, a trapezoidal rod section and another L-shaped round rod section, the cross section of the L-shaped rod section is circular, the cross section of the trapezoidal rod section is triangular, the two L-shaped round rod sections are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the trapezoidal rod section, and the horizontal height of the L-shaped rod section is greater than that of a middle rod of the trapezoidal rod section;
a hinge (3) is arranged at the central cross point of the cross connecting rod (2), four end points of the cross connecting rod (2) are positioned on the same vertical surface, shaft rings (4) are fixedly connected to two end points at the bottom of the cross connecting rod (2), and gear blocks (5) are respectively welded to two end points at the top of the cross connecting rod (2);
the two shaft collars (4) of the cross connecting rod (2) are respectively sleeved on the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods (1), the L-shaped rod sections of the plough rods (1) are provided with shaft shoulder parts corresponding to the shaft collars (4), a first spring (6) is connected between the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods (1), and the front ends and the tail ends of the two plough rods (1) are respectively connected with each other through the cross connecting rod (2) and the first spring (6);
a hydraulic telescopic rod (7) is connected between the two gear blocks (5) of any cross connecting rod (2), the hydraulic telescopic rod (7) is composed of a piston rod and a piston cylinder which are sleeved with each other, one end of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected with one gear block (5), one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the other gear block (5), and the rod wall of the piston rod is sleeved with a second spring (8);
the two piston cylinders are horizontally arranged, the upper surfaces of the two piston cylinders are provided with supporting plates (9), a supporting rod (10) is erected between the two gear blocks (5) connected with the piston rods, the upper surface of each supporting plate (9) is provided with two groups of oil-well pumps (11) and an oil storage tank (12), one end of each oil-well pump (11) is communicated with one piston cylinder through a pipeline, the other end of each oil-well pump (11) is communicated with the top of the side wall of the oil storage tank (12) through a pipeline, a T-shaped pipe (13) is inserted into the central position of the top surface of the oil storage tank (12), the distance between the bottom end of the T-shaped pipe (13) and the bottom wall of the oil storage tank (12) is 1-2.5cm, a movable plug (14) is sleeved on the inner part of the top end of the T-shaped pipe (13), and an installation barrel body (15, the top end of the movable plug (14) extends out of the T-shaped pipe (13) and is fixedly connected with a positioning plate larger than the inner diameter of the T-shaped pipe (13), the bottom end of the movable plug (14) is a cone, the top surface of the positioning plate is connected to the top wall of the mounting cylinder body (15) through a third spring (16), the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe (13) is positioned above the oil storage tank (12), and the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe (13) is connected with the two piston cylinders through pipelines respectively;
the movable plug (14) is positioned near the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe (13), and along with the fact that the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe (13) is in an open state when the movable plug (14) slides to the highest position, the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe (13) is in a closed state when the movable plug (14) slides to the lowest position;
the plough rod is characterized in that rotary shafts (17) are connected to two ends of a trapezoid rod section of the plough rod (1) in a penetrating mode, bearing holes which are connected with the rotary shafts (17) in a sleeved mode are formed in the trapezoid rod section, the rotary shafts (17) are horizontally placed, the front end of each rotary shaft (17) is a conical pointed end, the rear end of each rotary shaft (17) is connected with a motor (18), the end face of each motor (18) is welded to the plough rod (1) through supporting columns (19), knife boards (20) are distributed on the part, located in the trapezoid rod section, of each rotary shaft (17) at equal intervals, each knife board (20) is a hard rectangular board, and sharp spines are arranged on edges, far away from the rotary shafts (17), of the knife;
the cross section of trapezoidal pole section is triangle-shaped, trapezoidal pole section forms the slot type structure, the inboard of trapezoidal pole section is the plane, the outside of trapezoidal pole section is sharp arris limit, just the sharp arris limit of trapezoidal pole section mills out the cutting part.
2. The oscillating plow mechanism for stubble ploughing of straw lands as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the front end and the rear end of the plow lever (1) are fixedly welded with traction rings (21).
3. The oscillating plow mechanism for stubble ploughing of straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said motor (18) is covered with a dust cover (22).
4. The oscillating plowing mechanism for removing stubbles from straw ground is characterized in that the knife boards (20) are spirally distributed on the shaft wall of the rotating shaft (17) at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the included angle between the surface of the knife board (20) and the length direction of the rotating shaft (17) is 10-20 degrees.
5. The oscillating plow field mechanism for stubble ploughing of straw lands as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge of the trapezoidal rod section is made of high-strength nickel alloy material, and the edge of the trapezoidal rod section faces downward and contacts with soil.
6. The oscillating plow mechanism for stubble ploughing of straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said first spring (6), second spring (8) and third spring (16) are all high-strength compression springs.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles in straw lands.
Background
In the process of returning the straw crops to the field, the two most important tasks are straw returning and stubble smashing, and if the two tasks are not well processed, the planting of the crops in the next season can be directly influenced; if the straw and the root stubble thereof are not properly treated, serious consequences such as farmland caking and invalidation can be caused.
The stubble smashing is a difficult problem to be faced by various stubble ploughs in the prior art, the prior stubble ploughs adopt a rotary blade and a plough tool with higher speed to operate cultivated land in sequence in the stubble ploughing process, the smashing effect on the stubble is poor, residual stubble blocks remain in soil, and then the next-season crop is affected.
Currently, no better stubble removing machine exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles of straw fields.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles in straw lands comprises two symmetrically arranged plough rods and two groups of cross connecting rods, wherein each plough rod is a five-rod shape formed by integrally forming an L-shaped rod section, a trapezoidal rod section and another L-shaped round rod section, the cross section of each L-shaped rod section is circular, the cross section of each trapezoidal rod section is triangular, the two L-shaped round rod sections are symmetrically arranged at two ends of each trapezoidal rod section, and the horizontal height of each L-shaped rod section is greater than that of a middle rod of each trapezoidal rod section;
a hinge is arranged at the central cross point of the cross connecting rod, four end points of the cross connecting rod are positioned on the same vertical surface, two end points at the bottom of the cross connecting rod are fixedly connected with shaft rings, and two end points at the top of the cross connecting rod are respectively welded with a gear block;
two shaft collars of the cross connecting rod are respectively sleeved on the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods, the L-shaped rod sections of the plough rods are provided with shaft shoulders corresponding to the shaft collars, a first spring is connected between the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods, and the front ends and the tail ends of the two plough rods are respectively connected with each other through the cross connecting rod and the first spring;
a hydraulic telescopic rod is connected between the two gear blocks of any cross connecting rod, the hydraulic telescopic rod consists of a piston rod and a piston cylinder which are mutually sleeved, one end of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected with one gear block, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the other gear block, and the rod wall of the piston rod is sleeved with a second spring;
two piston cylinders are horizontally placed, a supporting plate is erected on the upper surfaces of the two piston cylinders, a supporting rod is erected between two gear blocks connected with a piston rod, two groups of oil-well pumps and an oil storage tank are arranged on the upper surface of the supporting plate, one end of each oil-well pump is communicated on one piston cylinder through a pipeline, the other end of each oil-well pump is communicated at the top of the side wall of the oil storage tank through a pipeline, a T-shaped pipe is inserted into the center of the top surface of the oil storage tank, the distance between the bottom end of the T-shaped pipe and the bottom wall of the oil storage tank is 1-2.5cm, a movable plug is movably sleeved inside the top end of the T-shaped pipe, an installation cylinder is fixedly welded on the outer ring of the top end of the T-shaped pipe, the top end of the movable plug extends out of the T-shaped pipe and is fixedly connected with a positioning plate with the inner diameter of, and the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe is respectively connected with the two piston cylinders through pipelines;
the movable plug is positioned near the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe, the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe is in an open state when the movable plug slides to the highest position, and the side outlet end of the T-shaped pipe is in a closed state when the movable plug slides to the lowest position;
the rotary shafts are connected to the two ends of the trapezoid rod section of the plough rod in a penetrating mode, bearing holes sleeved with the rotary shafts are formed in the trapezoid rod section, the rotary shafts are horizontally arranged, the front ends of the rotary shafts are conical pointed ends, the rear ends of the rotary shafts are connected with motors, the end faces of the motors are welded to the plough rod through supporting columns, knife boards are distributed on the part, located in the trapezoid rod section, of the rotary shafts at equal intervals, the knife boards are specifically hard rectangular boards, and sharp spines are arranged on edges, away from the rotary shafts, of the knife boards;
the cross section of the trapezoid rod section is triangular, the trapezoid rod section forms a groove type structure, the inner side of the trapezoid rod section is a plane, the outer side of the trapezoid rod section is a sharp edge, and the sharp edge of the trapezoid rod section is milled out of the cutting edge part.
Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the plough rod are fixedly welded with traction rings.
Preferably, the motor is covered with a dust cover.
Preferably, the knife boards are spirally distributed on the shaft wall of the rotating shaft at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the included angle between the surface of the knife boards and the length direction of the rotating shaft is 10-20 degrees.
Preferably, the edge-cutting part of the trapezoidal rod section is made of high-strength nickel alloy, and the edge-cutting part of the trapezoidal rod section faces downwards and is in contact with soil.
Preferably, the first spring, the second spring and the third spring are all high-strength compression springs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hydraulic telescopic rod adopts the scissor-type lever to adjust the gap between the two plough cutter rods, controls the oil pressure in the oil storage tank and the T-shaped pipe through air pressure and oil pressure, and controls the opening and closing of the T-shaped pipe through the alternate change of the difference between the elasticity of the third spring and the oil pressure, so that the cyclic change of an oil way is realized, and finally, the hydraulic telescopic rod is alternately extended and shortened; the extension or the shortening of the hydraulic telescopic rod is changed in a reciprocating manner according to a certain rule, the distance between the two plough rods is also changed in a reciprocating manner, the movement track of the plough rods in the soil layer is changed into an S-shaped curve advancing track, the amplitude of the S-shaped curve depends on the extension-shortening frequency of the hydraulic telescopic rod, and therefore a swing type ploughing mode is formed, the stubbles at all positions can be turned out conveniently, the hard contact between the blade parts of the plough rods and the stubbles is changed into swing type contact, one part of the stress of the existing plough is changed into the torque force of the plough rods, and the efficiency and the plowing effect of the ploughing are improved.
2. The two trapezoidal rod sections are used as the longitudinal coulter mechanism, the straw land with stubbles advances, the cutting edge part of the longitudinal coulter mechanism directly cuts and crushes the stubbles, soil is turned over at the same time, a cutter plate above the longitudinal coulter mechanism is convenient to impact the soil, the stubbles are further crushed on one hand, and the soil on the stubbles is scattered on the other hand, so that the subsequent collection work of the stubbles is convenient; the rotating shafts and the cutting boards with sharp spines form a longitudinal rotary tillage mechanism, the two rotating shafts are controlled to rotate in opposite directions and convey soil to the inner side, and stubbles on the two sides impact each other at the moment, so that the mud is further removed and the stubbles are crushed.
3. In conclusion, the oscillating type ploughing method is realized through intermittent oil pressure control, has the function of turning up and crushing the stubbles, has higher removal rate and crushing rate of the stubbles, is beneficial to the collection work of the subsequent stubbles, is beneficial to improving the ploughing efficiency of the straw land for reclamation, saves the ploughing time and is convenient for the subsequent season-rush planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structure view of a swing type plowing mechanism for removing stubble in a straw land according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a swing type ploughing mechanism for stubble removal of straw fields according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simple diagram of the oil pressure control principle of the swing type plowing mechanism for removing stubble in straw land provided by the invention;
in the figure: the special-purpose plough comprises a plough rod 1, a cross connecting rod 2, a hinge 3, a shaft collar 4, a gear block 5, a first spring 6, a hydraulic
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a swing type ploughing mechanism for removing stubbles in straw lands comprises two symmetrically arranged plough rods 1 and two groups of cross connecting rods 2, wherein each plough rod 1 is a five-section rod shape formed by integrally forming an L-shaped rod section, a trapezoidal rod section and another L-shaped round rod section, the cross section of each L-shaped rod section is circular, the cross section of each trapezoidal rod section is triangular, the two L-shaped round rod sections are symmetrically arranged at two ends of each trapezoidal rod section, and the horizontal height of each L-shaped rod section is greater than that of a middle rod of each trapezoidal rod section; a hinge 3 is arranged at the central cross point of the cross connecting rod 2, four end points of the cross connecting rod 2 are positioned on the same vertical surface, two end points at the bottom of the cross connecting rod 2 are fixedly connected with a shaft collar 4, and two end points at the top of the cross connecting rod 2 are respectively welded with a gear block 5; two shaft collars 4 of the cross connecting rod 2 are respectively sleeved on the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods 1, the L-shaped rod sections of the plough rods 1 are provided with shaft shoulders corresponding to the shaft collars 4, a first spring 6 is connected between the L-shaped rod sections of the two plough rods 1, and the front ends and the tail ends of the two plough rods 1 are respectively connected with each other through the cross connecting rod 2 and the first spring 6; a hydraulic
Referring to fig. 3, one end of an
the oil pressure control of the present invention is composed of two states:
the first state: the
and a second state: the side outlet end of the T-
Referring to fig. 1-2, two ends of a trapezoidal rod section of a plough rod 1 are connected with rotating
Referring to fig. 1-2, the front end and the rear end of the plow stick 1 are fixedly welded with
Referring to fig. 2, a
Referring to fig. 1-2, the
Referring to fig. 1-2, the edge of the trapezoidal rod section is made of high-strength nickel alloy, the edge of the trapezoidal rod section faces downward and contacts with soil, which is a conventional arrangement of a plough coulter, and the tip of the trapezoidal rod section is certainly positioned at the lower part, so that the plough coulter 1 can be smoothly pressed into the soil layer under the action of self gravity.
Referring to fig. 1, the first spring 6, the
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.