阅读说明：本技术 复合型陶瓷切割锯片的制备方法 (Preparation method of composite ceramic cutting saw blade ) 是由 邱瑜铭 董先龙 于 2019-09-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合型陶瓷切割片的制备方法,属于陶瓷材料切割加工技术领域。该陶瓷切割片的金刚石刀头是由外层I、中间层和外层II沿锯片基体轴向依次复合而成,制备时,先冷压成型外层I压片、外层II压片与中间层压片；再将外层I压片、中间层压片和外层II压片依次置于热压模具中热压烧结为一体,即得到所述金刚石刀头；最后采用钎焊方式将刀头焊接至锯片基体上。本发明设计了三层结构的金刚石刀头,并配合特定制备工艺,在进行陶瓷材料切割时中间层粗颗粒金刚石会使锋利度大幅提升,且在中间形成一条切割凹槽,外层由于金刚石粒度细切割不会产生爆边现象,且外层会比内层磨损慢,形成两个切割刃,保证切割时更加平稳更加锋利。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite ceramic cutting disc, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic material cutting processing. The diamond tool bit of the ceramic cutting blade is formed by sequentially compounding an outer layer I, a middle layer and an outer layer II along the axial direction of a saw blade matrix, and during preparation, an outer layer I pressing sheet, an outer layer II pressing sheet and a middle layer pressing sheet are formed by cold pressing; sequentially placing the outer layer pressing sheet I, the middle layer pressing sheet and the outer layer pressing sheet II in a hot pressing mold for hot pressing and sintering into a whole to obtain the diamond cutter head; and finally, welding the tool bit to the saw blade substrate in a brazing mode. According to the invention, the diamond tool bit with a three-layer structure is designed, and a specific preparation process is matched, when ceramic materials are cut, the sharpness is greatly improved due to the coarse diamond particles in the middle layer, a cutting groove is formed in the middle layer, the edge explosion phenomenon cannot occur due to the fine diamond particle size cutting of the outer layer, the outer layer is abraded slower than the inner layer, two cutting edges are formed, and the cutting is more stable and sharper.)

1. A preparation method of a composite ceramic cutting blade is characterized by comprising the following steps: the composite ceramic cutting blade comprises a saw blade matrix and a diamond tool bit, wherein the diamond tool bit is of a three-layer structure formed by sequentially compounding an outer layer I, a middle layer and an outer layer II along the axial direction of the saw blade matrix; the preparation method of the composite ceramic cutting disc comprises the following steps:

(1) processing a matrix:

punching a saw blade matrix made of 75Cr1 material according to the drawing requirements;

(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:

respectively weighing raw materials according to the material components of the outer layer I, the outer layer II and the middle layer of the diamond tool bit, uniformly mixing the raw materials of each layer according to the proportion, and respectively cold-pressing and tabletting to obtain an outer layer I tabletting, an outer layer II tabletting and a middle layer tabletting; sequentially placing the outer layer pressing sheet I, the middle layer pressing sheet and the outer layer pressing sheet II in a hot pressing mold for hot pressing and sintering into a whole to obtain the diamond cutter head;

(3) and welding the diamond cutter head on the saw blade substrate, and cutting out a heat dissipation groove through laser cutting to obtain the diamond saw blade.

2. The method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), when hot-pressing sintering is carried out, the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 820-860 ℃, and the pressure is 100-150 kg/cm²Keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, and discharging and naturally cooling.

3. The method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the diamond tool bit is welded on the saw blade substrate in a brazing mode, SnAg brazing filler metal is adopted, the brazing temperature is 800-.

4. A method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the SnAg solder, the Ag content is 3.0-4.0%, and the balance is Sn.

5. The method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 35-40% of iron, 7-10% of nickel, 10-15% of cobalt, 7-10% of tin, 1.0-2.1% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond;

the middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 20-30% of iron, 5-7% of nickel, 25-35% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 7-10% of tin, 1.0-2.1% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond.

6. The method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 25-30% of iron, 6-8% of nickel, 30-40% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond;

the middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 45-50% of iron, 3-5% of nickel, 15-20% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond.

7. The method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 35-40% of iron, 6-8% of nickel, 20-25% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond;

the middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 60-65% of iron, 3-5% of nickel, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond.

8. A method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: the saw blade matrix is made of 75Cr1 material; the rare earth alloy is La-Ni alloy, La in the La-Ni alloy is 20-22 wt.%, and the balance is Ni, and the iron-copper-tin alloy powder comprises the following components: 18-25 wt.% of Cu, 5-12 wt.% of Sn, 1.5-2.5 wt.% of Zn, and the balance of Fe.

9. A method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: the granularity of the diamond in the material of the outer layer I and the material of the outer layer II of the cutter head is 60-80 meshes, and the granularity of the diamond in the material of the middle layer of the cutter head is 40-50 meshes; the compressive strength of the diamond is 18-24 kg.

10. A method for producing a composite ceramic cutting chip according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: the thicknesses of the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are greater than or equal to the thickness of the middle layer; the periphery of the ceramic cutting saw blade is provided with heat dissipation grooves which are distributed along the center of the saw blade in a surrounding way, and the width of each heat dissipation groove is 0.5-3 mm; the center of the diamond saw blade is provided with a mounting hole.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic material cutting processing, in particular to a preparation method of a composite ceramic cutting piece.

Background

In the building industry nowadays, as the national mine exploitation control is more and more strict, the consumption of natural stone is greatly reduced, and ceramic materials become important materials in decoration, and the ceramic processing industry is more and more extensive therewith.

The ceramic cutting blade is composed of a disc-shaped substrate and a diamond cutter head connected to the outer edge of the substrate, is widely applied to cutting of ceramic materials, is mainly used for trimming and cutting in ceramic cutting, and is required to have good cutting performance due to high hardness of ceramic.

The ceramic cutting blade has the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance and the like, but in ceramic processing, when the condition of edge explosion is good, fine-particle diamond is required to be adopted, but the grinding sharpness is obviously reduced by using the fine-particle diamond; the grinding sharpness can be obviously improved by adopting the coarse-grain diamond, but the ceramic edge explosion condition becomes serious after cutting. The problem that the edge bursting and the cutting sharpness of the material are mutually contradictory, which becomes a main problem troubling the industry, is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the material edge explosion and the cutting sharpness are mutually contradictory in the existing ceramic processing technology, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a composite ceramic cutting piece, a composite diamond tool bit is designed and prepared, the cutting is more stable and sharper, and the problem that the cutting sharpness and the edge explosion are mutually contradictory is fundamentally solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the composite ceramic cutting blade comprises a saw blade matrix and a diamond tool bit, wherein the diamond tool bit is of a three-layer structure formed by sequentially compounding an outer layer I, a middle layer and an outer layer II along the axial direction of the saw blade matrix; the preparation method of the composite ceramic cutting disc comprises the following steps:

(1) processing a matrix:

punching a saw blade matrix made of 75Cr1 material according to the drawing requirements;

(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:

respectively weighing raw materials according to the material components of the outer layer I, the outer layer II and the middle layer of the diamond tool bit, uniformly mixing the raw materials of each layer according to the proportion, and respectively cold-pressing and tabletting to obtain an outer layer I tabletting, an outer layer II tabletting and a middle layer tabletting; sequentially placing the outer layer pressing sheet I, the middle layer pressing sheet and the outer layer pressing sheet II in a hot pressing mold for hot pressing and sintering into a whole to obtain the diamond cutter head;

(3) and welding the diamond cutter head on the saw blade substrate, and cutting out a heat dissipation groove through laser cutting to obtain the diamond saw blade.

In the step (2), when the hot-pressing sintering is carried out, the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 820-860 ℃, and the pressure is 100-150 kg/cm²Keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, and discharging and naturally cooling.

In the step (3), the diamond tool bit is welded on the saw blade substrate by adopting a brazing mode, SnAg brazing filler metal is adopted, the brazing temperature is 800-. In the SnAg solder, the Ag content is 3.0-4.0%, and the balance is Sn.

The outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 35-40% of iron, 7-10% of nickel, 10-15% of cobalt, 7-10% of tin, 1.0-2.1% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond;

the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 25-30% of iron, 6-8% of nickel, 30-40% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond;

the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are made of the following materials in percentage by weight:

30-35% of copper, 35-40% of iron, 6-8% of nickel, 20-25% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 7-9% of diamond.

The middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 20-30% of iron, 5-7% of nickel, 25-35% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 7-10% of tin, 1.0-2.1% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond.

The middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 45-50% of iron, 3-5% of nickel, 15-20% of iron-copper-tin alloy powder, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond;

the middle layer of the diamond tool bit comprises the following materials in percentage by weight:

25-30% of copper, 60-65% of iron, 3-5% of nickel, 6-9% of tin, 1.6-2.0% of rare earth alloy and 3.5-5% of diamond.

The saw blade matrix is made of 75Cr1 material; the rare earth alloy is La-Ni alloy, La in the La-Ni alloy is 20-22 wt.%, and the balance is Ni, and the iron-copper-tin alloy powder comprises the following components: 18-25 wt.% of Cu, 5-12 wt.% of Sn, 1.5-2.5 wt.% of Zn, and the balance of Fe.

The granularity of the diamond in the material of the outer layer I and the material of the outer layer II of the cutter head is 60-80 meshes, and the granularity of the diamond in the material of the middle layer of the cutter head is 40-50 meshes; the compressive strength of the diamond is 18-24 kg.

The thicknesses of the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are greater than or equal to the thickness of the middle layer; the periphery of the ceramic cutting saw blade is provided with heat dissipation grooves which are distributed along the center of the saw blade in a surrounding way, and the width of each heat dissipation groove is 0.5-3 mm; the center of the diamond saw blade is provided with a mounting hole.

The invention solves the processing problem at present through special material and process design, and the design principle and the beneficial effect of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the composite type tool bit material, through the composite type research design of the tool bit material, the outer layer of the tool bit is made of fine-particle high-concentration diamonds, the matrix material is made of a slightly strong wear-resistant material, the inner layer of the tool bit is made of coarse-particle low-concentration diamonds, the matrix is made of a slightly weak wear-resistant material, so that the sharpness is greatly improved due to the coarse-particle diamonds in the middle layer during cutting, the matrix performance is weak due to the low concentration of the middle layer, the abrasion is faster than that of the two outer layers, a cutting groove is formed in the middle of the outer layers, due to the fact that the diamond particle size of the outer layers is fine, the phenomenon of edge explosion is not generated during cutting of ceramic, the diamond concentration of the matrix in the outer layers is high, the outer layers are abraded.

2. According to the invention, the saw blade matrix and the cutter head adopt special laser grooving design, so that the internal stress generated in the production and use processes of the saw blade can be effectively dispersed when the groove width is optimized, the matrix deformation is avoided, and the chip removal and the heat dissipation performance of the saw blade are better ensured when the saw blade is used.

3. The substrate of the ceramic cutting blade is made of high-performance 75Cr1 steel, so that the substrate is not easy to deform when being heated during cutting.

4. The invention adopts a brazing process to weld the diamond tool bit and the saw blade matrix together, adopts SnAg brazing filler metal, adds Sn into the low-silver brazing filler metal, and simultaneously because the materials of the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit contain iron-copper-tin alloy powder, the alloy elements in the tool bit and the brazing metal can be infinitely dissolved to reduce the interfacial tension, improve the wettability of the brazing filler metal, thereby improving the binding force of the tool bit and the saw blade matrix.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic cutting blade according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-saw blade matrix; 2-a diamond tool bit; and 3-radiating grooves.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the present invention, the following description is given in conjunction with the examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the present invention, features and advantages.

The invention provides a composite ceramic cutting blade, which has a structure shown in figure 1. The ceramic cutting blade comprises a saw blade matrix 1 and a diamond tool bit 2, wherein the diamond tool bit is of a three-layer structure formed by sequentially compounding an outer layer I, a middle layer and an outer layer II along the axial direction of the saw blade matrix, and the thicknesses of the outer layer I and the outer layer II of the diamond tool bit are larger than or equal to that of the middle layer.

The saw blade matrix is made of 75Cr1 material, the periphery of the ceramic cutting blade is provided with heat dissipation grooves 3 which are distributed along the center of the saw blade in a surrounding way, and the width of each heat dissipation groove is 0.5-3 mm; the center of the diamond saw blade is provided with a mounting hole.

The following example is a process for making ceramic cutting inserts in which the diamond grit of the insert outer layer I and outer layer II materials is 60/80 mesh, and the diamond grit of the insert intermediate layer material is 40/50 mesh; the compressive strength of the diamond is 20 kg.

In the diamond tool bit material, the rare earth alloy is La-Ni alloy, La in the La-Ni alloy is 20 wt.%, and the balance is Ni, and the iron-copper-tin alloy powder comprises the following components: cu 20 wt.%, Sn 6 wt.%, Zn 2 wt.%, balance Fe.

In the SnAg solder used in the soldering, the Ag content is 3.6%, and the rest is Sn.