阅读说明：本技术 一种复合型煤粘结剂 (Composite briquette binder ) 是由 曾坤宁 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合型煤粘结剂,属于型煤领域。本发明以锂基润滑脂、钠基膨润土、硅铝酸钠等为原料制型煤粘结料A,其中锂基脂具有良好的抗微动磨损性能,加入的含氢硅油也可能在提供疏水、透气性作用稳定热效的同时,辅助提高共混物的联结稳定性,改善对煤粉颗粒的束集作用,稳定提高型煤热效及成型效果；鱼皮、水稻秸秆、保加利亚乳杆菌等共混发酵,以微生物代谢破坏鱼皮、秸秆组织,获取胶质及糖类,在保障粘结性的同时,提高含碳量。本发明解决了目前常用型煤粘结剂所制备的型煤存在灰分高、含碳量低、结构稳定性差的问题。(The invention discloses a composite briquette binder, belonging to the field of briquettes. The invention takes lithium grease, sodium bentonite, sodium aluminosilicate and the like as raw materials to prepare the binder A of the coal briquette, wherein the lithium grease has good fretting wear resistance, and the added hydrogen-containing silicone oil can provide the effects of hydrophobicity and air permeability and stabilize the thermal effect, and simultaneously assist in improving the connection stability of the blend, improving the bundling effect on coal dust particles and stably improving the thermal effect and the forming effect of the coal briquette; blending and fermenting fish skin, rice straw, lactobacillus bulgaricus and the like, destroying tissues of the fish skin and the straw by microbial metabolism, obtaining colloid and sugar, and improving the carbon content while ensuring the cohesiveness. The invention solves the problems of high ash content, low carbon content and poor structural stability of the coal briquette prepared by the conventional coal briquette binder.)

1. The composite briquette binder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3~8 parts of bentonite, 2~5 parts of water glass, 1~4 parts of magnesium oxide, its characterized in that still includes: 30-50 parts of a briquette binder A and 12-18 parts of a briquette binder B.

2. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the coal binder A comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass parts, taking 7-13 parts of lithium-based lubricating grease, 2-5 parts of sodium bentonite, 1-3 parts of auxiliary materials, 3-7 parts of sodium aluminosilicate, 1-4 parts of dispersing agents, 4-8 parts of hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 30-50 parts of ethanol solution, firstly taking the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the lithium-based lubricating grease and the auxiliary materials, mixing and stirring, adding the sodium bentonite, the sodium aluminosilicate, the dispersing agents and the ethanol solution, mixing, shearing and dispersing to obtain bulk materials, and mixing at 28-36 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 2, adding trimethylchlorosilane, mixing and stirring, performing suction filtration, collecting filter residues, washing with water, and drying to obtain a base material;

(2) adding tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane into octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane at a mass ratio of 1: 3-8 under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture, adding a catalyst accounting for 0.2-0.5% of the mass of the mixture, mixing and stirring, heating to 90-110 ℃, keeping the temperature, adding a base material accounting for 4-8 times of the mass of the mixture, mixing at 40-60 ℃, stirring to obtain a compound material, mixing and stirring the compound material, poly α olefin and an additive at a mass ratio of 12-18: 5: 1, and performing rotary evaporation at 60-75 ℃ to obtain the briquette binding material A.

3. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the auxiliary materials in the step (1) are as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylamide and hydroxyethyl cellulose to obtain the auxiliary material.

4. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dispersant in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1, mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to obtain the dispersing agent.

5. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the catalyst in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.

6. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additive in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-6, mixing the linseed oil and hydroxyapatite to obtain the additive.

7. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the coal binder B comprises the following steps: according to the mass parts, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-8 parts of fish skin, 0.1-0.4 part of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 2-5 parts of casein, 4-8 parts of pretreated brown coal, 7-13 parts of rice straw and 400-600 parts of water are mixed, subjected to shaking table culture at 27-33 ℃, discharged, sterilized to obtain a fermentation material, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to obtain a concentrated material, and subjected to concentration at 40-55 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 8-14: 1-3, adding a modifier, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed material, adding a regulator accounting for 8-14% of the mixed material in mass, mixing, shearing, dispersing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the briquette binder B.

8. The composite coal briquette binder according to claim 7, wherein the pretreated lignite coal: crushing and sieving brown coal, washing the sieved substance with sodium bicarbonate solution, and drying to obtain a dried substance, wherein the dried substance is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 7-13: 5: adding itaconic acid and acrylamide into the mixture 1, mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the pretreated lignite.

9. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 7, wherein the modifier is obtained by mixing β -cyclodextrin, microcrystalline paraffin and lecithin according to a mass ratio of 5-8: 1: 1-2.

10. The composite coal binder as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ratio of the modifier: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1-3: 1, mixing polyethylene wax, sodium hexametaphosphate and potassium sorbate to obtain the regulator.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of molded coal, and particularly relates to a composite molded coal binder.

Background

Coal is the most abundant energy resource, and has the advantages of low price, easy acquisition and wide application. With the increase of the environmental protection requirement in recent years, higher requirements are particularly put on the amount of dust and sulfur-containing compounds generated by coal combustion. In large coal enterprises such as thermal power stations, dust and sulfur compound emissions can often be reduced by dedicated dust cleaning systems. These measures are difficult to achieve with small-scale coal spots, such as barbecue coal. The coal fuel itself needs to be treated. The powder coal is processed by bonding and forming, so that the loss of dust can be effectively reduced, and the utilization rate of the powder coal is improved. The briquette is a secondary processed coal which is prepared by adding a briquette binder into pulverized coal and is used for a coal gas producer and replaces smokeless lump coal. At present, the briquette technology is regarded as a main component of clean coal technology, and the briquette binder is a key technology in briquette production, particularly in a cold press molding process. At present, the selection of the coal briquette binder mainly has the following basic requirements:

(1) the adhesive effect on the pulverized coal is strong, so that the molded coal has enough cold and hot strength and mechanical strength;

(2) the addition amount of the binder is small, and the addition of the binder does not generate secondary pollution;

(3) has certain moisture-proof and waterproof performances;

(4) the gasification effect, the coal gas quality, the operability of the furnace condition and the like are not influenced;

(5) the raw materials have wide sources and low price. The briquette binder (also called briquette binder, briquette composite binder and the like) is a blending agent which bonds (binds) pulverized coal and other powdery fuels together and is beneficial to forming into blocks; powdery or liquid auxiliary raw material of the molded coal for ensuring the molded coal to have specific shape and performance after molding; is mainly applied to the briquette processing technology to play an auxiliary role. The briquette adhesive is a key auxiliary raw material for determining the quality of briquettes. The briquette binder is formed by complex chemical reaction of inorganic substances and various organic chemical raw materials, and the addition of pulverized coal can quickly form a needle net structure, so that the briquette (briquette) has high cold and thermal mechanical strength and thermal stability; high moisture-proof and waterproof performance and water immersion strength; high combustion value after being put into the furnace, high heat strength after combustion, low falling breakage rate, no ash, no pollution and simple operation.

The briquette binder can be divided into three major types of organic type, inorganic type and composite type according to the chemical components, wherein the research on the composite type binder is the mainstream of the current development, and different composite binders are adopted according to the purposes and the properties of different coal types and briquettes, so that the defect of using a single binder is overcome. The composite binder mainly includes three types of organic and organic, organic and inorganic, and inorganic.

The conventional briquette production includes hot press molding, binder-free cold press molding and binder-containing cold press molding. The hot-press molding method is suitable for larger manufacturers to provide molded coal for smelting enterprises, the binder-free cold-press molding has higher requirement on raw coal shaping, and the binder-containing cold-press molding method is suitable for production of medium and small enterprises. Conventional binders for briquettes include organic binders and inorganic binders. Organic binders such as starch, pitch, vegetable fibres and the like, which are generally combustible themselves and therefore have a minor effect on the calorific value of the coal. Different organic materials are processed by different procedures, such as heating the asphalt, and adding alkali to the fiber to improve the water solubility and further promote the adhesion. Inorganic binders such as sodium silicate, gypsum and even cement. The cost of the binder is low, but the inorganic binder cannot burn, and the calorific value of the briquette is influenced.

From the actual application at present, no matter which type of binder is used, the problems of high ash content, low carbon content and poor structural stability of the prepared briquette exist, so that the research and development of a high-quality briquette binder have important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems of high ash content, low carbon content and poor structural stability of the coal briquette prepared by the conventional coal briquette binder, the composite coal briquette binder is provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the composite briquette binder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of water glass, 1-4 parts of magnesium oxide, and the like, and further comprises: 30-50 parts of a briquette binder A and 12-18 parts of a briquette binder B.

The preparation method of the briquette binding material A comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass parts, taking 7-13 parts of lithium-based lubricating grease, 2-5 parts of sodium bentonite, 1-3 parts of auxiliary materials, 3-7 parts of sodium aluminosilicate, 1-4 parts of dispersing agents, 4-8 parts of hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 30-50 parts of ethanol solution, firstly taking the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the lithium-based lubricating grease and the auxiliary materials, mixing and stirring, adding the sodium bentonite, the sodium aluminosilicate, the dispersing agents and the ethanol solution, mixing, shearing and dispersing to obtain bulk materials, and mixing at 28-36 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 2, adding trimethylchlorosilane, mixing and stirring, performing suction filtration, collecting filter residues, washing with water, and drying to obtain a base material;

(2) adding tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane into octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane at a mass ratio of 1: 3-8 under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture, adding a catalyst accounting for 0.2-0.5% of the mass of the mixture, mixing and stirring, heating to 90-110 ℃, keeping the temperature, adding a base material accounting for 4-8 times of the mass of the mixture, mixing at 40-60 ℃, stirring to obtain a compound material, mixing and stirring the compound material, poly α olefin and an additive at a mass ratio of 12-18: 5: 1, and performing rotary evaporation at 60-75 ℃ to obtain the briquette binding material A.

The auxiliary materials in the step (1) are as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylamide and hydroxyethyl cellulose to obtain the auxiliary material.

The dispersant in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1, mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to obtain the dispersing agent.

The catalyst in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.

The additive in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-6, mixing the linseed oil and hydroxyapatite to obtain the additive.

The preparation of the briquette bonding material B comprises the following steps: according to the mass parts, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-8 parts of fish skin, 0.1-0.4 part of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 2-5 parts of casein, 4-8 parts of pretreated brown coal, 7-13 parts of rice straw and 400-600 parts of water are mixed, subjected to shaking table culture at 27-33 ℃, discharged, sterilized to obtain a fermentation material, subjected to reduced pressure evaporation to obtain a concentrated material, and subjected to concentration at 40-55 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 8-14: 1-3, adding a modifier, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed material, adding a regulator accounting for 8-14% of the mixed material in mass, mixing, shearing, dispersing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the briquette binder B.

The lignite pretreatment method comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving brown coal, washing the sieved substance with sodium bicarbonate solution, and drying to obtain a dried substance, wherein the dried substance is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 7-13: 5: adding itaconic acid and acrylamide into the mixture 1, mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the pretreated lignite.

The modifier is prepared by mixing β -cyclodextrin, microcrystalline paraffin and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1: 1-2.

The regulator is: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1-3: 1, mixing polyethylene wax, sodium hexametaphosphate and potassium sorbate to obtain the regulator.

Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the invention takes lithium grease, sodium bentonite, sodium aluminosilicate and the like as raw materials to prepare the coal binder A,

the sodium bentonite and the lithium grease phase act to provide a better lubricating effect, improve the effect of the connection between tissues, provide colloid stability, shear stability and water resistance, particularly under the action of high temperature, the lithium grease also has good fretting wear resistance, and can provide a protection effect on the chemical bonding effect between components in the blending process;

(2) according to the invention, fish skin, rice straw, lactobacillus bulgaricus and the like are subjected to blending fermentation, tissues of the fish skin and the straw are destroyed by microbial metabolism, wherein the fish skin can dissolve and decompose macromolecular protein and colloid components to provide a good bonding effect, the carbon content and the nitrogen content are high, gas can be promoted to be generated and the ash content is reduced after briquette is combusted, the connection relation among lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the cell wall of straw particles can be destroyed in the fermentation process, the biomass is decomposed to generate carbohydrate, the carbon content can be ensured while the bonding effect is provided by combining viscous protein and colloid dissolved from the fish skin, a stable gel network is formed to collect the coal particles, and the stability of the briquette structure is ensured;

(3) the invention aims at the problems of high ash content, low carbon content and poor structural stability of the coal briquette prepared by the conventional coal briquette binder, has obvious improvement effect and good application prospect.

Detailed Description

Dispersing agent: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1, mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to obtain the dispersing agent.

Catalyst: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1-3, mixing chloroplatinic acid and ferrocene to obtain the catalyst.

Additive: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-6, mixing the linseed oil and hydroxyapatite to obtain the additive.

Auxiliary materials: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing polyacrylamide and hydroxyethyl cellulose to obtain the auxiliary material.

The modifier is prepared by mixing β -cyclodextrin, microcrystalline paraffin and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1: 1-2.

Pretreating lignite: crushing brown coal, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, washing the sieved substance with a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 15% for 2-4 times, and drying to obtain a dried substance, wherein the dried substance is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 7-13: 5: 1, adding itaconic acid and acrylamide, uniformly mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain the pretreated lignite.

A regulator: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1-3: 1, mixing polyethylene wax, sodium hexametaphosphate and potassium sorbate to obtain the regulator.

The preparation method of the briquette binding material A comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass parts, taking 7-13 parts of lithium-based lubricating grease, 2-5 parts of sodium bentonite, 1-3 parts of auxiliary materials, 3-7 parts of sodium aluminosilicate, 1-4 parts of dispersing agents, 4-8 parts of hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 30-50 parts of ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 70%, firstly mixing the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the lithium-based lubricating grease and the auxiliary materials in a reaction kettle, magnetically stirring for 30-55 min at 400-700 r/min, adding the sodium bentonite, the sodium aluminosilicate, the dispersing agents and the ethanol solution, mixing, shearing and dispersing for 15-25 min at 2000-4000 r/min, and obtaining bulk materials, wherein the mass ratio is 7-12 at 28-36 ℃:2, adding trimethylchlorosilane, mixing and stirring for 1-3 h, performing suction filtration, collecting filter residues, washing for 2-4 times by using water, and transferring to a 65-80 ℃ drying oven for drying for 1-3 h to obtain a base material;

(2) adding tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane into octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane at the mass ratio of 1: 3-8 under the nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture, adding a catalyst accounting for 0.2-0.5% of the mass of the mixture, mixing and stirring for 25-50 min, heating to 90-110 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 h, adding a base material accounting for 4-8 times of the mass of the mixture, mixing at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at the mass ratio of 500-800 r/min to obtain a compound material, mixing and stirring the compound material, poly α olefin and an additive for 30-50 min at the mass ratio of 12-18: 5: 1, and performing rotary evaporation at the temperature of 60-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the briquette binder A.

Preparing a briquette bonding material B: according to the mass parts, 10-15 parts of glucose, 5-8 parts of fish skin, 0.1-0.4 part of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 2-5 parts of casein, 4-8 parts of pretreated brown coal, 7-13 parts of rice straw sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and 400-600 parts of water are mixed in a fermentation tank, shaking and shaking culture is carried out at the temperature of 27-33 ℃ and at the speed of 180-220 r/min for 3-6 days, discharging is carried out, heat preservation and sterilization are carried out at the temperature of 121 ℃ for 12-20 min to obtain a fermentation material, the fermentation material is taken and evaporated under reduced pressure to 25-45% of the original volume to obtain a concentrated material, and the concentrated material is taken at the temperature of 40-55 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 8-14: 1-3, adding a modifier, mixing and stirring for 25-45 min to obtain a mixed material, adding a regulator accounting for 8-14% of the mixed material, mixing, shearing and dispersing for 12-25 min at a speed of 2000-4000 r/min, and evaporating under reduced pressure until the water content is 10-15% to obtain the briquette binder B.

The composite briquette binder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of water glass, 1-4 parts of magnesium oxide, 30-50 parts of a briquette binder A and 12-18 parts of a briquette binder B.