阅读说明：本技术 一种润滑油的隔热耐磨改性方法 (Heat-insulation wear-resistant modification method for lubricating oil ) 是由 李孙德 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种润滑油的隔热耐磨改性方法,将预处理的硅酸铝纤维放入模具中,施压排除空气,加入二氧化硅溶胶混合,静置形成凝胶,用正己烷溶液置换出水和醇,再加入三甲基氯硅烷水溶液,进行疏水处理,得到硅酸铝纤维-二氧化硅凝胶复合的隔热组分；将乙醇水溶液用醋酸调节pH,加入份硅烷偶联剂,磁力搅拌预水解,再加入六钛酸钾晶须混匀,超声分散后静置,抽真空、烘干得到耐磨组分-表面改性的六钛酸钾晶须；向液体石蜡中加入有机硅烷改性氧化石墨,再加入所得硅酸铝纤维-二氧化硅凝胶复合的隔热组分、耐磨组分-表面改性的六钛酸钾晶须,超声分散均匀,制得所述隔热耐磨改性的润滑油。(The invention discloses a heat insulation wear-resistant modification method of lubricating oil, which comprises the steps of putting pretreated aluminum silicate fiber into a mold, pressurizing to remove air, adding silicon dioxide sol for mixing, standing to form gel, replacing water and alcohol with n-hexane solution, adding trimethylchlorosilane aqueous solution, and performing hydrophobic treatment to obtain an aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component; adjusting the pH value of an ethanol aqueous solution by using acetic acid, adding a silane coupling agent, performing magnetic stirring prehydrolysis, adding potassium hexatitanate whiskers, uniformly mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion, standing, vacuumizing, and drying to obtain a wear-resistant component, namely the surface modified potassium hexatitanate whiskers; adding organosilane modified graphite oxide into liquid paraffin, adding the obtained aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component and wear-resistant component-surface modified potassium hexatitanate whisker, and performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly to obtain the heat insulation wear-resistant modified lubricating oil.)

1. The heat-insulation wear-resistant modification method of the lubricating oil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) heat insulation components:

putting 9-11 parts of pretreated aluminum silicate fiber into a mold, pressurizing to remove air, adding 4-6 parts of silica sol, mixing, standing at 60-65 ℃ to form gel, replacing water and alcohol with n-hexane solution, adding 1-2 parts of trimethylchlorosilane aqueous solution, and performing hydrophobic treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain an aluminum silicate fiber-silica gel composite heat insulation component;

wear-resistant components: surface modification of potassium hexatitanate whisker

Adjusting the pH value of an ethanol aqueous solution to 4 by using acetic acid, adding 0.1-0.13 part of silane coupling agent, carrying out magnetic stirring for 1-2h for prehydrolysis, then adding 3.6-4.4 parts of potassium hexatitanate whisker, uniformly mixing, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min, standing for 30-35min, vacuumizing, and drying at the temperature of 120-125 ℃ to obtain a wear-resistant component, namely the surface modified potassium hexatitanate whisker;

preparing lubricating oil:

adding 1-2 parts of organosilane modified graphite oxide into 90-110 parts of liquid paraffin, adding the aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component obtained in the step (1) and the wear-resistant component-surface modified potassium hexatitanate whisker obtained in the step (2), and uniformly dispersing for 40-60min by ultrasonic treatment to obtain the heat insulation wear-resistant modified lubricating oil.

2. The method for modifying the lubricating oil with heat insulation and wear resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method of the aluminum silicate fiber in the step (1) comprises the following steps: soaking 9-11 parts of aluminum silicate fiber in 0.01mol/L hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically shaking and cleaning for 30-40min, adding 1-2 parts of KH550 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and performing surface modification treatment to obtain pretreated aluminum silicate fiber;

the mass fraction of the trimethylchlorosilane aqueous solution is 5-10%.

3. The method for modifying the lubricating oil with characteristics of heat insulation and wear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the ethanol aqueous solution in the step (2) is 85-95%, and the silane coupling agent is KH 570.

4. The method for modifying lubricating oil with characteristics of heat insulation and wear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the organosilane modified graphite oxide in the step (3): adding 94.5-189 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into 0.2-0.4 part of graphite oxide, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, adding 0.22-0.44 part of triethylamine and 2.7-5.4 parts of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, magnetically stirring for 30-40min, placing in an oil bath at the temperature of 110-plus-one and 120 ℃, introducing nitrogen, stirring and refluxing for 2-4h, diluting with 79-158 parts of anhydrous methanol, filtering, sequentially cleaning with anhydrous methanol and deionized water, filtering, drying by blowing at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and uniformly grinding to obtain the organosilane modified graphite oxide.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of lubricating oil, and particularly relates to a heat-insulation wear-resistant modification method of lubricating oil.

Background

The lubricant is made by mixing a base oil and an additive, about 95% of the base oil being a mineral oil derived from petroleum. The mineral lubricant has poor biodegradability, soil can be directly polluted when the mineral lubricant runs off in the environment, 1kg of petroleum-based lubricant can pollute 1000000L of water, and meanwhile, due to the gradual reduction and non-regenerability of the mineral oil, the development of environment-friendly lubricants is imperative. Vegetable oil-based lubricants, known as "biolubricants," are biodegradable, renewable, non-toxic, and, in addition, have a variety of performance advantages, such as good lubricity, high viscosity index, high flash point, and the like. However, vegetable oil base oils have poor oxidative stability due to the presence of C = C bonds as unsaturated bonds in the fatty acid chains of vegetable oils, and this problem can be solved by reducing the unsaturation of vegetable oils by chemical modification, the hydrogenation of vegetable oils being a common modification method.

As a novel nano reinforcing material, the unique structure of graphene determines that graphene has more excellent friction reducing and wear resisting properties compared with graphite. The lubricating oil is used as a filling material to be added into lubricating oil, and is expected to improve the antifriction and wear resistance of the lubricating oil. However, graphene sheets do not contain other active functional groups, and strong van der waals force exists between the sheets, so that the graphene sheets are easily stacked, and thus it is difficult to exert excellent performance.

Most of commercially available lubricating oil has the defects of poor heat preservation and heat insulation performance and poor wear resistance, the invention provides a heat preservation and wear resistance modification method of the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil prepared by the method provided by the invention has excellent heat preservation and heat insulation performance and wear resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a heat-insulating wear-resisting modification method of lubricating oil, and the modified lubricating oil prepared according to the method has excellent heat-insulating property and wear-resisting property.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a heat insulation and wear resistance modification method of lubricating oil comprises the following steps of:

(1) heat insulation components:

putting 9-11 parts of pretreated aluminum silicate fiber into a mold, pretreating and modifying the surface of the aluminum silicate fiber by adopting a silane coupling agent KH550, effectively improving the interface combination between the aluminum silicate fiber and silica gel, improving the wettability between the aluminum silicate fiber and the silica gel, pressurizing to remove air, adding 4-6 parts of silica sol for mixing, standing at 60-65 ℃ to form gel, replacing water and alcohol with n-hexane solution, adding 1-2 parts of trimethylchlorosilane aqueous solution, performing hydrophobic modification on the material by using trimethylchlorosilane, and performing hydrophobic treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain an aluminum silicate fiber-silica gel composite heat insulation component;

the aluminum silicate fiber is used as a reinforcing material to prepare the aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component, and the aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component has low heat conductivity and good heat insulation performance; meanwhile, a new energy consumption mechanism is provided due to the addition of the aluminum silicate fibers, so that the consumption of fracture energy is increased when the aluminum silicate fibers are stripped from the silicon dioxide aerogel matrix in the stress process of the composite component, and the mechanical property of the composite component is improved;

(2) wear-resistant components: surface modification of potassium hexatitanate whisker

Adjusting the pH value of an ethanol aqueous solution to 4 by using acetic acid, adding 0.1-0.13 part of silane coupling agent, carrying out magnetic stirring for 1-2h for prehydrolysis, then adding 3.6-4.4 parts of potassium hexatitanate whisker, uniformly mixing, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min, standing for 30-35min, vacuumizing, and drying at the temperature of 120-125 ℃ to obtain a wear-resistant component, namely the surface modified potassium hexatitanate whisker;

firstly, silane coupling agent is utilized to obtain potassium hexatitanate whiskers subjected to surface modification treatment, the potassium hexatitanate whiskers subjected to surface modification are added into liquid paraffin to be fully mixed, the potassium hexatitanate whiskers subjected to surface modification can be uniformly dispersed in the liquid paraffin, the winding and agglomeration phenomenon is avoided, the force transmission between lubricating oil and whisker reinforcement bodies is facilitated, the potassium hexatitanate whiskers improve the surface bearing capacity of the lubricating oil, the surface adhesion and stripping of friction pairs are reduced in the friction process, the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil can be reduced, and the wear resistance of the lubricating oil is improved;

(3) preparing lubricating oil:

adding 1-2 parts of organosilane modified graphite oxide into 90-110 parts of liquid paraffin, adding the aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component obtained in the step (1) and the wear-resistant component-surface modified potassium hexatitanate whisker obtained in the step (2), and uniformly dispersing for 40-60min by ultrasonic treatment to obtain the heat insulation wear-resistant modified lubricating oil.

The surface modification is carried out on the graphite oxide by using hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, triethylamine is a catalyst, the effective condensation of methoxyl of silane functional groups and hydroxyl of the graphite oxide can be realized, the structure and the appearance of the graphite oxide after the surface modification are obviously changed, the interlayer distance of the modified graphite oxide is increased, the appearance is fluffy, the thermal stability is improved, the silane modified graphite oxide has excellent friction performance, the antifriction capability of base oil can be obviously improved under lower concentration, the small-sized silane modified graphite oxide is stably dispersed in the base oil and is easy to enter a metal contact area, the graphite oxide falls off or curls from an alkyl chain under extrusion and shearing stress, and pits on the metal surface are filled, so that the friction and the abrasion are reduced;

the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane improves the compatibility of the graphite oxide and lubricating oil, enhances the dispersion stability of the graphite oxide in liquid paraffin, prevents the graphite oxide from agglomerating into larger particles, is beneficial to the graphite oxide entering the surface of a steel ball contact area to play a role in reducing friction and resisting wear, and props up a graphite oxide sheet layer by the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane on the surface of the graphite oxide, so that the graphite oxide sheet layer can slide more easily.

Further, the pretreatment method of the aluminum silicate fiber in the step (1) comprises the following steps: soaking 9-11 parts of aluminum silicate fiber in 0.01mol/L hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically shaking and cleaning for 30-40min, adding 1-2 parts of KH550 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and performing surface modification treatment to obtain pretreated aluminum silicate fiber;

the mass fraction of the trimethylchlorosilane aqueous solution is 5-10%.

Further, in the step (2), the mass concentration of the ethanol water solution is 85-95%, and the silane coupling agent is KH 570.

Further, the preparation of the organosilane modified graphite oxide in the step (3): adding 94.5-189 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into 0.2-0.4 part of graphite oxide, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, adding 0.22-0.44 part of triethylamine and 2.7-5.4 parts of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, magnetically stirring for 30-40min, placing in an oil bath at the temperature of 110-plus-one and 120 ℃, introducing nitrogen, stirring and refluxing for 2-4h, diluting with 79-158 parts of anhydrous methanol, filtering, sequentially cleaning with anhydrous methanol and deionized water, filtering, drying by blowing at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and uniformly grinding to obtain the organosilane modified graphite oxide.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the silicon dioxide aerogel has excellent heat preservation and insulation performance due to the unique nano porous structure, but the application of the silicon dioxide aerogel in a plurality of industrial fields is limited due to the poor mechanical property of the silicon dioxide aerogel, the aluminum silicate fiber is used as a reinforcing material, the material is subjected to hydrophobic modification by trimethyl chlorosilane, the surface of the aluminum silicate fiber is subjected to pretreatment modification by adopting a silane coupling agent KH550, the interface combination between the aluminum silicate fiber and the silicon dioxide gel is effectively improved, the wettability between the aluminum silicate fiber and the silicon dioxide gel is improved, and the aluminum silicate fiber-silicon dioxide gel composite heat insulation component is prepared, has low heat conductivity and good heat preservation and insulation performance;

meanwhile, a new energy consumption mechanism is provided due to the addition of the aluminum silicate fibers, so that the consumption of fracture energy is increased when the aluminum silicate fibers are stripped from the silicon dioxide aerogel matrix in the stress process of the composite component, and the mechanical property of the composite component is improved.

(2) Firstly, silane coupling agent is utilized to obtain potassium hexatitanate whisker with surface modification treatment, the potassium hexatitanate whisker with surface modification is added into liquid paraffin for full mixing, the potassium hexatitanate whisker with surface modification can be uniformly dispersed in the liquid paraffin without winding and agglomeration, which is beneficial to the transmission of force between lubricating oil and whisker reinforcement body,

the potassium hexatitanate whisker improves the surface bearing capacity of the lubricating oil, reduces the surface adhesion and stripping of friction pairs in the friction process, reduces the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil and improves the wear resistance of the lubricating oil.

(3) The surface modification is carried out on the graphite oxide by using hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, triethylamine is a catalyst, the effective condensation of methoxyl of silane functional groups and hydroxyl of the graphite oxide can be realized, the structure and the appearance of the graphite oxide after the surface modification are obviously changed, the interlayer distance of the modified graphite oxide is increased, the appearance is fluffy, the thermal stability is improved, the silane modified graphite oxide has excellent friction performance, the antifriction capability of base oil can be obviously improved under lower concentration, the small-sized silane modified graphite oxide is stably dispersed in the base oil and is easy to enter a metal contact area, the graphite oxide falls off or curls from an alkyl chain under extrusion and shearing stress, and pits on the metal surface are filled, so that the friction and the abrasion are reduced;

the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane improves the compatibility of the graphite oxide and lubricating oil, enhances the dispersion stability of the graphite oxide in liquid paraffin, prevents the graphite oxide from agglomerating into larger particles, is beneficial to the graphite oxide entering the surface of a steel ball contact area to play a role in reducing friction and resisting wear, and props up a graphite oxide sheet layer by the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane on the surface of the graphite oxide, so that the graphite oxide sheet layer can slide more easily.

Detailed Description