阅读说明：本技术 一种多通道机采籽棉异纤静电分离装置 (Multichannel machine-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device ) 是由 张若宇 李阳阳 胡春玲 江英兰 翟志强 刘成康 张梦芸 李玉林 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种多通道机采籽棉异纤静电分离装置,主要包括静电分离装置壳体、喂花辊、分通道挡板、复合电极、分离辊筒、负压输送管道、高压静电发生器以及接地端子。与现有技术相比,本发明不仅在静电分离装置壳体内设置多级分离辊筒,而且通过喂花辊以及分通道挡板对机采籽棉和异纤进行多通道分离,大大提高了籽棉异纤尤其是残膜的清除率,并且实现了籽棉和残膜等异纤的有效分离,适用于棉花加工中异纤清除环节。(The invention relates to a multi-channel machine-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device which mainly comprises an electrostatic separation device shell, a cotton feeding roller, a channel dividing baffle, a composite electrode, a separation roller, a negative pressure conveying pipeline, a high-voltage electrostatic generator and a grounding terminal. Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage separation roller is arranged in the shell of the electrostatic separation device, and the multi-stage separation roller is used for performing multi-channel separation on mechanically-harvested seed cotton and foreign fibers through the cotton feeding roller and the channel dividing baffle plate, so that the removal rate of the seed cotton foreign fibers, particularly residual films, is greatly improved, the effective separation of the seed cotton and the residual films and other foreign fibers is realized, and the multi-stage separation roller is suitable for a foreign fiber removal link in cotton processing.)

1. A multi-channel machine-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device comprises an electrostatic separation shell, a seed cotton channel separation device and an electrostatic separation device; the method is characterized in that: the seed cotton channel dividing device consists of a feeding port (11), a cotton feeding roller (1) and a channel dividing baffle (13); the feeding port (11) is arranged at the uppermost part in the middle of the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device, the two flower feeding rollers (1) are fixed on the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device through a bearing with a seat, the two flower feeding rollers (1) are arranged under the feeding port (11) in parallel, and the two flower feeding rollers (1) rotate inwards relatively; the sub-channel baffle (13) is in an inverted triangle shape and is positioned right below a gap between the two pattern feeding rollers (1); first baffles are respectively arranged on two sides of the sub-channel baffle (13), and are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation device shell (12); the sub-channel baffle (13) and the two first baffles on the left side and the right side form two channels through which seed cotton passes;

a first electrostatic separation device is arranged right below the sub-channel baffle (13); a second electrostatic separation device and a third electrostatic separation device are arranged below the first electrostatic separation device; the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device are both arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation device shell (12);

the first electrostatic separation device, the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device have the same structure and are respectively composed of a separation roller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a composite electrode, a different-fiber negative-pressure conveying pipeline, a brush and a grounding terminal;

the first separation roller (14) of the first electrostatic separation device is positioned right below the channel dividing baffle (13), and the number of the first brushes (4) is two, and the two first brushes are respectively positioned right below the first separation roller (14); the first different fiber negative pressure conveying channel (6) is positioned right below the hairbrush; the first separating roller (14), the two first brushes (4) and the first negative pressure conveying channel (6) are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the first composite electrodes (3) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the first separation roller (14) and have corresponding distances from the first separation roller (14) so that seed cotton can pass through;

the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device are respectively arranged at two sides of the inner side of the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device, and the second electrostatic separation device consists of a second negative pressure conveying channel (7), two second brushes (8) and a second separation roller (9) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the third electrostatic separation device consists of a third negative pressure conveying channel (15), two third brushes (16) and a third separation roller (17) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the inner sides of the second separation roller (9) and the third separation roller (17) are respectively and oppositely provided with two composite electrodes, and the two composite electrodes respectively correspond to the corresponding separation rollers to form two seed cotton channels; the lower ends of the two seed cotton channels are provided with two corresponding seed cotton outlets.

2. The multi-channel electrostatic separator for the mechanical-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed cotton channel dividing device can be arranged in multiple stages, namely, the cotton feeding roller and the channel dividing baffle can be arranged in multiple stages.

3. The multi-channel electrostatic separator for the mechanical-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrostatic separation device can also be arranged in multiple stages, namely the separation roller and the composite electrode can be arranged in multiple stages.

4. The multi-channel electrostatic separator for the mechanical-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the special fiber negative pressure pipeline is connected with a negative pressure fan, and the fan provides proper air quantity to thoroughly remove special fibers such as mulching films and the like.

5. The multi-channel electrostatic separator for the mechanical-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the different-fiber negative pressure pipeline can be arranged above the grounding roller and can also be arranged below the grounding roller.

6. The multi-channel electrostatic separator for the mechanical-harvested seed cotton foreign fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the grounding roller and the inlet of the different-fiber negative pressure pipeline are connected by a pc board with a certain specification.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device, in particular to a channel-dividing seed cotton foreign fiber separation device which can efficiently complete effective separation of machine-picked cotton and foreign fibers such as residual films and the like by combining an electrostatic technology and greatly improve the seed cotton foreign fiber removal rate, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background

Xinjiang is the main cotton production area in China, the mechanized harvesting degree is improved year by year, and mechanically harvested cotton contains a large amount of impurities and is difficult to remove. The impurity removal of the mechanically harvested cotton is an important link of cotton processing, and the impurity removal effect of the mechanically harvested cotton directly influences the processing efficiency of the cotton and the quality of seed cotton. However, because a large amount of impurities are mixed in the mechanically-picked cotton, great difficulty is brought to the processing treatment of cotton, and the development of deep processing of high-quality cotton in Xinjiang areas is severely restricted. In particular, foreign fibers such as residual mulching films mixed in the mechanically harvested cotton are extremely difficult to remove, and in recent years, many researchers have been dedicated to finding a method for effectively removing the residual mulching films in the mechanically harvested seed cotton, but the effect is very little.

Aiming at removing foreign fibers such as residual mulching films mixed in the mechanically harvested cotton, the following method is mainly adopted: manual removal, traditional mechanical removal, machine vision detection removal and the like, the traditional manual removal of impurities has high working strength, poor operation environment and low working efficiency, the production and processing requirements of cotton under the current situation are difficult to meet, the traditional mechanical removal of impurities utilizes a mechanical device to open various impurities mixed in machine-picked cotton, the combination degree between the cotton and the impurities is reduced, and the cotton is convenient to further remove, but the removal effect is not ideal and the cotton velvet is greatly damaged, the machine vision removal utilizes a CCD (charge coupled device) camera to shoot and remove the impurities, but the CCD has low impurity resolution ratio with small area and shape, meanwhile, the lag of an execution part is serious, the impurity removal rate is low, the requirements on the working environment are high, the operation cost of the removal process is high, and the actual requirements are not met.

At present, the foreign fiber separation device such as CN201110324521.9 which is published utilizes an electrostatic method to separate foreign fibers, charges are carried out in the transportation process of seed cotton on a conveying mesh belt, the foreign fibers adhered on the mesh belt are blown down by wind power, the charging time is short, and the foreign fiber removal rate is low; CN201610356118.7 adopts multistage conveying guipure, cleans foreign fiber through the mode of static, through the tumbling of unginned cotton transmission process step by step between the conveyer belt, increases the area of contact of guipure and conveyer belt, has improved foreign fiber and has rejected efficiency. CN201810507439.1 adopts the method that air current and multistage cylinder static unite to clear away the foreign fibre, but the whole structure that is the single channel of device, and the sorting efficiency is limited. The invention provides a seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device with a channel dividing function, which adopts a method combining multi-stage roller electrostatic separation and negative pressure adsorption separation to perform multiple separation on foreign fibers, particularly residual films in seed cotton, and can realize effective separation of the seed cotton and the foreign fibers under the condition of no damage.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-channel seed cotton foreign fiber electrostatic separation device which can effectively separate seed cotton and foreign fibers such as residual films and effectively remove the residual films.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention is characterized in that: comprises two parts of a seed cotton channel separation device and an electrostatic separation device.

The seed cotton sub-channel device consists of a feeding port, a cotton feeding roller and a sub-channel baffle; the feeding port is arranged at the uppermost part of the shell of the electrostatic separation device, the cotton feeding roller is fixed on the shell of the electrostatic separation device through a bearing with a seat, the subchannel baffle is fixed with a baffle fixing plate through a baffle bracket, and the baffle fixing plate is fixed on the shell of the electrostatic separation device through bolts and nuts; during operation, a power supply is switched on, the motor drives the cotton feeding roller to rotate relatively through the belt wheel and the pulley, seed cotton containing the foreign fibers such as residual films is conveyed to the next stage, and when the seed cotton mixed with the foreign fibers such as the residual films falls and meets the channel dividing baffle, the seed cotton is further uniformly separated, so that the foreign fibers such as the residual films can be ensured to obtain a good charge state in the subsequent separation process.

The electrostatic separation device consists of a separation roller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a composite electrode, a baffle, a different-fiber negative-pressure conveying pipeline, a brush, an electrostatic separation device shell and a grounding terminal; the separation roller is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell through a bearing with a seat and is grounded, the baffle is fixed with the baffle fixing plate through the baffle bracket, the baffle fixing plate is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell through bolts and nuts, the composite electrode is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell through bolts and nuts, the electrostatic separation device shell is grounded through a grounding terminal, and the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the composite electrode. During operation, the seed cotton mixed with residual films is guided by the channel dividing baffle plate to enter the shell of the electrostatic separation device for electrostatic separation, the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the composite electrode, a high-voltage electrostatic field is generated between the composite electrode and the separation roller, the residual films and the seed cotton are charged in the high-voltage electrostatic field, and the residual films are adsorbed on the surface of the grounding separation roller and rotate along with the separation roller because the residual films are light in weight and small in density and hardly lose charges in the electric field; the seed cotton can slide down to the seed cotton outlet under the action of gravity because the gravity of the seed cotton is larger than the force of an electric field.

Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage separation roller is arranged in the shell of the electrostatic separation device, multi-channel separation of the mechanically-harvested seed cotton and the foreign fibers is realized through the cotton feeding roller and the channel dividing baffle, the removal rate of the seed cotton foreign fibers, particularly the residual films, is greatly improved, the non-destructive separation of the seed cotton, the residual films and other foreign fibers is realized, the multi-stage separation roller is suitable for a foreign fiber removal link in cotton processing, the quality and the market price of cotton can be improved, various problems in deep processing of the cotton caused by the residual films mixed in the cotton, such as easy yarn breakage, uneven dyeing and the like, are reduced, and the cotton processing efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-channel machine-harvested cotton residual film electrostatic separation device

In the drawings: 1-cotton feeding roller, 2-first baffle, 3-first composite electrode, 4-first brush, 5-second baffle, 6-first negative pressure conveying pipeline, 7-second negative pressure conveying pipeline, 8-second brush, 9-second separation roller, 10-seed cotton outlet, 11-feeding opening, 12-electrostatic separation device shell, 13-separation channel baffle, 14-first separation roller, 15-third negative pressure conveying pipeline, 16-third brush, 17-third separation roller, 18-second composite electrode, 19-grounding terminal, 20-high-voltage electrostatic generator

Detailed Description

A multi-channel electrostatic separation device for machine-harvested cotton residual films comprises an electrostatic separation shell, a seed cotton channel separation device and an electrostatic separation device.

The seed cotton channel dividing device consists of a feeding port (11), a cotton feeding roller (1) and a channel dividing baffle (13); the feeding port (11) is arranged at the uppermost part in the middle of the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device, the two flower feeding rollers (1) are fixed on the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device through a bearing with a seat, the two flower feeding rollers (1) are arranged under the feeding port (11) in parallel, and the two flower feeding rollers (1) rotate inwards relatively; the sub-channel baffle (13) is fixed with a baffle fixing plate through a baffle bracket, the baffle fixing plate is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell (12) through bolts and nuts, and the sub-channel baffle (13) is in an inverted triangle shape and is positioned right below a gap between the two pattern feeding rollers (1); first baffles are respectively arranged on two sides of the sub-channel baffle (13), and are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation device shell (12); the sub-channel baffle (13) and the two first baffles on the left side and the right side form two channels through which seed cotton passes.

A first electrostatic separation device is arranged right below the sub-channel baffle (13); a second electrostatic separation device and a third electrostatic separation device are arranged below the first electrostatic separation device; the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device are both arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation device shell (12);

the first electrostatic separation device, the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device have the same structure and are respectively composed of a separation roller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a composite electrode, a different-fiber negative-pressure conveying pipeline, a brush and a grounding terminal;

the first separation roller (14) of the first electrostatic separation device is positioned right below the channel dividing baffle (13), and two first brushes (13) are respectively positioned right below the first separation roller (14); the first different fiber negative pressure conveying channel (6) is positioned right below the hairbrush; the first separating roller (14), the two first brushes (4) and the first negative pressure conveying channel (6) are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the first composite electrodes (3) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the first separation roller (14) and have corresponding distances from the first separation roller (14) so that seed cotton can pass through;

the second electrostatic separation device and the third electrostatic separation device are respectively arranged at two sides of the inner side of the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device, and the second electrostatic separation device consists of a second negative pressure conveying channel (7), two second brushes (8) and a second separation roller (9) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the third electrostatic separation device consists of a third negative pressure conveying channel (15), two third brushes (16) and a third separation roller (17) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the inner sides of the second separation roller (9) and the third separation roller (17) are respectively and oppositely provided with two composite electrodes, and the two composite electrodes respectively correspond to the corresponding separation rollers to form two seed cotton channels; the lower ends of the two seed cotton channels are provided with two corresponding seed cotton outlets.

Wherein three separation rollers are all fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell (12) through a bearing with a seat and grounded, a first baffle is fixed with a baffle fixing plate through a baffle bracket, the baffle fixing plate is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell (12) through bolts and nuts, a composite electrode is fixed on the electrostatic separation device shell through bolts and nuts, the electrostatic separation device shell (12) is grounded through a grounding terminal (19), and a high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the composite electrode.

When the seed cotton separating machine works, a power supply is switched on, the motor drives the cotton feeding roller to rotate relatively through the belt wheel and the leather wheel, seed cotton containing different fibers such as residual films and the like is conveyed to the next stage, and when the seed cotton mixed with the different fibers such as the residual films and the like falls and meets the channel separating baffle (13), the seed cotton is further uniformly separated, so that the different fibers such as the residual films and the like are ensured to obtain a good charge state in the subsequent separation process; the seed cotton mixed with residual films is guided to enter the shell (12) of the electrostatic separation device through the sub-channel baffle (13) for electrostatic separation; three pairs of electrostatic separation devices are arranged in the electrostatic separation shell; the seed cotton is divided into two parts of seed cotton through the channel dividing baffle, one part of seed cotton respectively passes through the first electrostatic device and the second electrostatic device, and the other part of seed cotton respectively passes through the first electrostatic device and the third electrostatic device; when seed cotton passes through the three pairs of electrostatic separation devices, the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the composite electrode, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is generated between the composite electrode and the separation roller, residual films and the seed cotton have charges in the high-voltage electrostatic field, and the residual films have light weight and low density and are difficult to lose the charges in the electric field, so the residual films can be adsorbed on the surface of the separation roller and rotate along with the separation roller; and because the gravity of the two seed cotton parts is far larger than the electric field force, the two seed cotton parts can slide down to the two seed cotton outlets below under the action of the gravity.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various modifications and variations without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and such modifications are also within the scope of patent protection.