阅读说明：本技术 主动润滑的配气机构及发动机 (Active lubrication valve mechanism and engine ) 是由 张合勇 周裕林 张瑜 付强 罗浩 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种主动润滑的配气机构及发动机,包括凸轮轴和挺柱,凸轮轴包括凸轮轴本体和至少一个凸轮凸轮轴本体外圆表面设有导油斜面,所述导油斜面在凸轮轴转动时,导油斜面引导该导油斜面上的润滑油向对应的凸轮径向表面爬升；本发明位于凸轮轴本体上设有导油斜面,在凸轮轴转动时,该导油斜面能够引导润滑油流向凸轮,即具有爬升效果；该结构改进凸轮轴和挺柱配合处的润滑机制,为形成充分的润滑提供条件,降低凸轮轴以及挺柱的磨损,提高运行精度,从而降低运行噪声,利于节能降耗,且结构简单便于制造。(The invention relates to an active lubrication valve actuating mechanism and an engine, which comprise a camshaft and a tappet, wherein the camshaft comprises a camshaft body and at least one cam camshaft body, wherein the outer circle surface of the camshaft body is provided with an oil guide inclined plane; the oil guide inclined plane is arranged on the camshaft body, and when the camshaft rotates, the oil guide inclined plane can guide lubricating oil to flow to the cam, so that the climbing effect is achieved; this structure improves the lubricated mechanism of camshaft and tappet cooperation department, for forming abundant lubricated condition that provides, reduces the wearing and tearing of camshaft and tappet, improves the operation precision to reduce the operation noise, do benefit to energy saving and consumption reduction, and simple structure is convenient for make.)

1. An actively lubricated valve train, includes camshaft and tappet, the camshaft includes camshaft body and at least one cam, the tappet can driven contact cooperation with the cam of camshaft, its characterized in that: the outer circle surface of the camshaft body is provided with an oil guide inclined plane, and when the camshaft rotates, the oil guide inclined plane guides lubricating oil on the oil guide inclined plane to climb to the corresponding cam working surface.

2. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 1, wherein: the oil guide inclined plane is formed by strip-shaped oil guide ribs protruding out of the camshaft body along the radial direction.

3. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 2, wherein: the strip-shaped oil guide rib is provided with a top surface and two side surfaces, and the side surface facing to the rotating direction inclines backwards in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam to form the oil guide inclined surface.

4. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 3, wherein: the top surface of the strip-shaped oil guide rib is an oil guide top surface, and the oil guide top surface is an inclined surface gradually rising from a starting point to a stopping point along the radial direction of the camshaft body;

the starting point is any point which is far away from the corresponding cam in the axial direction and is close to the front along the rotating direction, and the stopping point is a point which is connected with the corresponding cam and is close to the rear relative to the starting point along the rotating direction.

5. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 1, wherein: the corresponding cam forms an axial recess, the axial recess exceeds a part of a tappet matched with the cam along the axial direction of the camshaft, and the oil guide inclined plane is connected with the corresponding cam at the side, which is behind the axial recess along the rotating direction.

6. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 4, wherein: the oil guide structure comprises a plurality of strip-shaped oil guide ribs, a plurality of cams, a plurality of oil guide inclined planes and a plurality of oil guide inclined planes, wherein the corresponding cams and the strip-shaped oil guide ribs are opposite to form axial depressions, the axial depressions exceed a part of a tappet matched with the cams along the axial direction of a camshaft, the oil guide inclined planes are connected with the corresponding cams at one side of the axial depressions behind the rotation direction, and the oil guide top surfaces are gradually connected with the outer circle surfaces of the corresponding cams through transition inclined planes.

7. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the side of the axial recess that is rearward in the rotational direction is located near the start position of the corresponding cam working surface.

8. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 7, wherein: the connection line of the transition inclined plane and the corresponding cam excircle surface is an inclined line which gradually transits to the bottom of the axial depression in the rotation direction; the transition inclined plane is an approximate arc surface, the inclined line is an approximate arc inclined line, and the position of the inclined line is located near the starting position of the corresponding cam working surface.

9. The actively-lubricated valve train according to claim 4, wherein: the oil guide top surface and the transition inclined surface are connected to form a composite top surface, and the transverse size of the composite top surface is gradually enlarged towards the direction of the corresponding cam.

10. An engine, characterized in that: the engine is the engine of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to an active lubrication valve actuating mechanism and an engine.

Background

The lubricating system is used for continuously conveying clean lubricating oil with enough quantity and proper temperature to the friction surfaces of moving parts when the engine works, and an oil film is formed between the friction surfaces, so that the friction resistance is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the reliability and the durability of the engine work are improved. For some open friction parts of an engine, it is difficult to form an oil film of a desired thickness, unlike bearings, which can provide sufficient lubrication.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the active lubrication valve actuating mechanism and the engine provided by the invention improve the lubrication mechanism at the matching part of the camshaft and the tappet, provide conditions for forming sufficient lubrication, reduce the abrasion of the camshaft and the tappet, and improve the operation precision, thereby reducing the operation noise and being beneficial to energy conservation and consumption reduction.

The active lubrication valve actuating mechanism comprises a camshaft and a tappet, wherein the camshaft comprises a camshaft body and at least one cam, the tappet is in contact fit with the cam of the camshaft in a driven manner, an oil guide inclined plane is arranged on the outer circle surface of the camshaft body (referring to a shaft section except the cam), and when the camshaft rotates, lubricating oil on the oil guide inclined plane is guided to climb to the working surface of the corresponding cam; the oil guide inclined plane is of an inclined plane structure and is arranged corresponding to the cam (one cam is correspondingly provided with the oil guide inclined plane), when the cam shaft rotates and the inclined plane inclines outwards along the radial direction in the direction pointing to the cam and deviating from the rotating direction, the oil guide inclined plane has a thread effect, and under the resultant force action of centrifugal force and the like, lubricating oil on the inclined plane can be guided to flow to the cam so as to increase the amount of the lubricating oil between the cam and the tappet; the oil guide inclined plane can be formed by forming a bulge on the outer circle surface of the camshaft body or formed by machining, and is not described again; cam working surface refers to the surface of the cam that is used to drive the tappet during operation.

Furthermore, the oil guide inclined plane is formed by an oil guide rib protruding out of the camshaft body along the radial direction, namely the oil guide rib is formed on the outer circle surface of the camshaft body through integral forming or assembling, and the oil guide inclined plane is formed on the oil guide rib.

Further, the strip-shaped oil guiding rib is provided with a top surface and a side surface, the side surface facing to the rotating direction is inclined backwards in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam to form the oil guiding inclined surface, the top surface and the side surface are connected to form the oil guiding rib, and the other side surface (deviating from the rotating direction) of the oil guiding rib has no structural relation and can be a straight surface parallel to the normal line, which is not repeated herein; backward tilting means tilting with respect to the normal of the camshaft body in the opposite direction to the rotation direction, forming a slope; the inclined mode of the oil guide inclined plane is preferably that the inclined angle is gradually increased from the bottom to the top in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam, so that the lubricating oil is favorably and smoothly guided.

Further, the top surface of the strip-shaped oil guide rib is an oil guide top surface, and the oil guide top surface is an inclined surface gradually rising from a starting point to a stopping point along the radial direction of the camshaft body;

the starting point is any point which is far away from the corresponding cam in the axial direction of the oil guide top surface and is close to the front along the rotating direction, namely, the starting point is the point at which the inclined surface on the oil guide rib top surface starts, and can be any point at which the inclined surface is formed on the oil guide rib top surface and is close to the front (rotating direction), so that the purpose of the invention can be achieved; the point which is near the front of the start point is the point which is connected with the corresponding cam and is near the back relative to the start point along the rotation direction according to the dead point of the oil guide rib;

the oil guide top surface is an inclined surface which is gradually heightened backwards along the circumferential direction and gradually raised towards the direction of the corresponding cam, and is connected with the oil guide inclined surface, splashed lubricating oil falls into one side of the oil guide inclined surface and is driven by the rotating oil guide inclined surface, the lubricating oil on the oil guide inclined surface flows along the oil guide top surface after accumulating to the height of the oil guide inclined surface and gradually flows to the cam, the whole oil guide flow is smooth and unimpeded, and the cam has sufficient oil supply by utilizing the resultant force action of rotating centrifugal force and the like.

Furthermore, the dead points are flush with the radial surfaces of the corresponding cams, and according to the inclination mode of the oil guide top surface, the high points (dead points) of the inclined surface are just flush with the radial surfaces of the cams (including the base circle part), so that lubricating oil is directly guided to the surfaces needing lubricating, and an oil film is favorably formed.

Further, the corresponding cam forms an axial recess, the axial recess exceeds a part of the tappet matched with the cam along the axial direction of the camshaft (namely, the end surface part of the tappet contacted with the cam is positioned in the axial recess), the oil guide inclined plane is connected with the corresponding cam at one side of the axial recess close to the rear in the rotating direction, namely, the axial recess is provided with two side surfaces in the circumferential direction, one side surface is positioned at one side close to the front in the rotating direction, the other side surface is positioned at one side close to the rear in the rotating direction, the axial recess provides a larger space for guiding lubricating oil, and the radial edge of one side of the axial recess close to the rear in the rotating direction also provides a wedge-shaped channel entering the working surface for guiding the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil is fully supplied.

Further, an axial depression is formed at a position where the corresponding cam is opposite to the strip-shaped oil guide rib, the axial depression exceeds a part of a tappet matched with the cam along the axial direction of the cam shaft, the oil guide inclined plane is connected with the corresponding cam at the side, which is backward along the rotation direction, of the axial depression, and the oil guide top surface is gradually connected with the outer circle surface of the corresponding cam (including a base circle part) through a transition inclined plane; the whole transition inclined plane is connected with the outer circular surface of the cam, lubricating oil is conveyed to the cam through a long line, the amount of the lubricating oil is increased, sufficient lubrication is guaranteed, and the whole structure provides a complete continuous flow channel for smooth supply of the lubricating oil.

Further, a side of the axial recess rearward in the rotational direction is located in the vicinity of a start position of the corresponding cam working surface; from this, lead oily inclined plane and also be located this nearby position and guide lubricating oil to the working face, give abundant oily position of cloth for lubricating oil gets into the working face from the source, does benefit to and guarantees lubricated effect.

Furthermore, the connecting line of the transition inclined plane and the corresponding cam outer circle surface is an inclined line gradually transitioning to the bottom of the axial depression in the rotating direction, the bottom of the axial depression refers to the axial bottom, namely the oil guide inclined plane is directly connected with the edge of the axial depression, the transition inclined plane is equivalent to an inclined plane formed by gradually rising the edge of the axial depression in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam and the direction opposite to the rotating direction, the inclined plane is connected with the cam outer circle surface, the axial depression provides a channel for the sufficient supply of lubricating oil, when the tappet oil bearing device is used, the lubricating oil can form an oil layer at the end part of the tappet (part of the lubricating oil bearing device is located in the axial depression) under the action of centrifugal force, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil in the axial depression can enter a friction pair between the tappet and the cam through the transition inclined.

Furthermore, the transition inclined plane is an approximate arc surface, the inclined line is an approximate arc inclined line, the position of the inclined line is positioned near the starting position of the working surface of the corresponding cam, lubricating oil is introduced into the position and then directly enters the working part (the eccentric part of the cam), an ideal oil film is favorably formed, and the approximate arc surface structure is favorable for storing and conveying a large amount of lubricating oil, so that the oil quantity is ensured to be supplied; lead oily top surface and transition inclined plane and link up mutually and form compound top surface, the horizontal size of compound top surface enlarges gradually towards corresponding cam direction, can get into the cam working face along cam excircle surface on a large scale, does benefit to and guarantees lubricated.

The invention relates to an engine, which adopts the valve actuating mechanism.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the valve actuating mechanism and the engine, the oil guide inclined plane is arranged on the camshaft body, and when the camshaft rotates, lubricating oil can be guided to flow to the cam by the oil guide inclined plane, so that a climbing effect is achieved; this structure improves the lubricated mechanism of camshaft and tappet cooperation department, for forming abundant lubricated condition that provides, reduces the wearing and tearing of camshaft and tappet, improves the operation precision to reduce the operation noise, do benefit to energy saving and consumption reduction, and simple structure is convenient for make.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a camshaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the valve train of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a valve train of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the valve train of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an overall view of the engine of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a camshaft of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a valve gear of the present invention, fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the valve gear of the present invention, fig. 4 is a plan view showing the valve gear of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a general view showing an engine of the present invention, as shown in the drawings: the active lubrication valve actuating mechanism of the embodiment comprises a camshaft and a tappet 6, wherein the camshaft comprises a camshaft body 1 and at least one cam 2, the tappet is in contact fit with the cam of the camshaft in a driven manner, an oil guide inclined plane 3 is arranged on the outer circle surface of the camshaft body 1 (referring to a shaft section except the cam), and when the camshaft rotates, the oil guide inclined plane 3 guides lubricating oil on the oil guide inclined plane to climb to the working surface of the corresponding cam; the oil guide inclined plane is of an inclined plane structure and is arranged corresponding to the cam (one cam is correspondingly provided with the oil guide inclined plane), when the cam shaft rotates and the inclined plane inclines outwards along the radial direction in the direction pointing to the cam and deviating from the rotating direction, the oil guide inclined plane has a thread effect, and under the resultant force action of centrifugal force and the like, lubricating oil on the inclined plane can be guided to flow to the cam so as to increase the lubricating oil amount between the cam and the tappet, wherein an arrow a in the figure is the splashing and guided direction of the lubricating oil, and an arrow b is the rotating direction; the oil guide inclined plane can be formed by forming a bulge on the outer circle surface of the camshaft body or formed by machining, and is not described again; cam working surface refers to the surface of the cam that is used to drive the tappet during operation.

In this embodiment, the oil guiding inclined plane 3 is formed by an oil guiding rib protruding from the camshaft body 1 along the radial direction, that is, the oil guiding rib is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the camshaft body 1 by integral forming or assembling, and the oil guiding inclined plane 3 is formed on the oil guiding rib.

In this embodiment, the bar-shaped oil guiding rib has a top surface and a side surface, the side surface facing the rotation direction is inclined backwards in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam to form the oil guiding inclined surface 3, the top surface and the side surface are connected to form the oil guiding rib, and the other side surface (deviating from the rotation direction) of the oil guiding rib has no structural relation and can be a straight surface parallel to the normal line, which is not described herein again; backward tilting means tilting with respect to the normal of the camshaft body in the opposite direction to the rotation direction, forming a slope; the inclined manner of the oil guiding inclined plane 3 is preferably that the inclined angle gradually increases from the bottom to the top in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam, which is beneficial to smoothly guiding the lubricating oil.

In this embodiment, the top surface of the strip-shaped oil guiding rib is an oil guiding top surface 4, and the oil guiding top surface 4 is an inclined surface gradually rising along the radial direction of the camshaft body 1 from a starting point to a stop point;

the starting point is any point which is far away from the corresponding cam 2 in the axial direction and is near to the front along the rotating direction of the oil guide top surface 4, namely, the starting point is the point at which the inclined surface on the oil guide rib top surface starts, and can be any point near to the front (rotating direction) on the oil guide rib top surface, and the inclined surface is formed from the point, so that the purpose of the invention can be achieved; the dead point is a point where the oil guide top surface 4 is connected with the corresponding cam 2 and is back relative to the starting point along the rotating direction;

the oil guiding top surface 4 is a slope which gradually increases backwards along the circumference and gradually increases upwards in the direction pointing to the corresponding cam, and is connected with the oil guiding slope 3, splashed lubricating oil falls into one side of the oil guiding slope and is driven by the rotating oil guiding slope, the lubricating oil on the oil guiding slope flows along the oil guiding top surface after accumulating to the height of the oil guiding slope and gradually flows to the cam, the whole oil guiding flow is smooth and unimpeded, and the cam has sufficient oil supply by utilizing the resultant force action of rotating centrifugal force and the like.

In this embodiment, the stop point is flush with the radial surface of the corresponding cam, and according to the inclination of the oil guide top surface 4, the high point (stop point) of the inclined surface is just equal to the radial surface of the cam (including the base circle part), so as to directly guide the lubricating oil to the surface to be lubricated, thereby facilitating the formation of an oil film.

In this embodiment, the corresponding cam 2 forms an axial recess 201 (along the axial direction of the camshaft), and the axial recess exceeds a portion of the tappet 6 engaged with the cam 2 along the axial direction of the camshaft (i.e. the end surface portion of the tappet contacting with the cam is located in the axial recess), the oil guiding inclined plane 3 is connected with the corresponding cam 2 at the side of the axial recess that is rearward along the rotation direction, that is, the axial recess 201 has two side surfaces in the circumferential direction, one side surface is located at the side that is forward along the rotation direction, and the other side surface is located at the side that is rearward along the rotation direction, the axial recess provides a larger space for guiding the lubricating oil, and the radial edge of the side of the axial recess that is rearward along the rotation direction also provides a wedge-shaped channel for guiding the lubricating oil to enter the working surface, thereby ensuring sufficient supply of the lubricating.

In this embodiment, an axial recess is formed at a position where the corresponding cam 2 is opposite to the strip-shaped oil guiding rib, the axial recess 201 exceeds a part of the tappet 6 matched with the cam 2 along the axial direction of the camshaft, the oil guiding inclined plane 3 is connected with the corresponding cam 2 at the side of the axial recess 201 which is backward along the rotation direction, and the oil guiding top surface is gradually connected with the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding cam 2 (including the base circle part) through the transition inclined plane 5; the whole transition inclined plane 5 is connected with the outer circular surface of the cam 2, lubricating oil is conveyed to the cam through a long line, the amount of the lubricating oil is increased, sufficient lubrication is guaranteed, and the whole structure provides a complete continuous flow channel for smooth supply of the lubricating oil.

In this embodiment, the side of the axial recess that is rearward in the rotation direction is located near the start position of the working surface of the corresponding cam 2 (i.e., where the base circle meets the outer circular surface where driving is started); from this, lead oily inclined plane and also be located this nearby position and guide lubricating oil to the working face, give abundant oily position of cloth for lubricating oil gets into the working face from the source, does benefit to and guarantees lubricated effect.

In this embodiment, the connection line between the transition inclined surface 5 and the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding cam 2 is an inclined line 501 gradually transitioning to the bottom of the axial depression in the rotation direction, the bottom of the axial depression 201 refers to the axial bottom, that is, the oil guide inclined surface 3 is directly connected to the edge of the axial depression 201, the transition inclined surface 5 is an inclined surface formed by gradually raising the edge of the axial depression 201 in the direction opposite to the direction of the corresponding cam and the rotation direction, and the inclined surface is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the cam, the axial depression 201 provides a channel for sufficient supply of lubricating oil, when in use, the lubricating oil can form an oil layer at the end of the tappet (part of the lubricating oil is located in the axial depression) under the action of centrifugal force, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil in the axial depression 201 is favorable for entering a friction pair between the tappet and the cam 2 through the transition inclined surface.

In this embodiment, the width (the size in the circumferential direction) of the axial recess 201 is not greater than the size of the mating end surface of the tappet 6 that mates with the cam 2, which is the size of the mating end surface of the tappet in the cam rotation direction, and the outer shape of the tappet is generally a column shape, and it can also be understood that the width of the axial recess 201 is not greater than the diameter of the supported working surface; the normal and smooth work of the cam is prevented from being interfered, so that the normal operation of the valve actuating mechanism is ensured.

In this embodiment, the transition inclined surface 5 is an approximate arc surface, the inclined line 501 is an approximate arc inclined line, and the position of the inclined line 501 is located near the start position of the working surface of the corresponding cam 2, that is, the position where the base circle facing the high point (peach apex) of the cam 2 is connected, and the lubricating oil is introduced into the position and directly enters the working part (the eccentric part of the cam 2), so as to form an ideal oil film, and the approximate arc surface structure is favorable for storing and conveying a large amount of lubricating oil, thereby ensuring the supply of oil amount; lead oily top surface and transition inclined plane and link up mutually and form compound top surface, the horizontal size of compound top surface enlarges gradually towards corresponding cam direction, can get into the cam working face along cam excircle surface on a large scale, does benefit to and guarantees lubricated.

In the invention, the end surface of the tappet 6, which is contacted with the cam, is fully lubricated by the lubricating oil guided by the oil guide inclined surface and the oil guide top surface, so that the service life is prolonged, and particularly, the end surface of the tappet is contacted with the guiding and splashing lubricating oil to form an oil film so as to ensure full lubrication; when in use, the tappet is provided with a longitudinally through oil penetration hole, and as shown in the figure, the tappet 6 is provided with three longitudinally through oil penetration holes 601, which play a great role in lubricating a working surface (friction surface).

In the embodiment, the camshaft is further provided with a lubricating oil channel for actively supplying oil, and the lubricating oil channel is provided with a lubricating oil outlet positioned on the outer circular surface of the cam of the camshaft; the lubricating oil outlet is positioned near the intersection of the base circle and the working surface of the cam; the structure of the invention is combined with a more sufficient oil supply structure, and the purpose of sufficient lubrication is realized.

An engine 7 of the invention is shown in fig. 5, which is a general diagram of the engine of the invention, and the engine 7 adopts the valve actuating mechanism as shown in the figure.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.