阅读说明：本技术 一种层状复合材料及其制备方法与应用 (Layered composite material and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 曾琪 边历峰 任昕 张辉 于 2018-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种层状复合材料,包括合金钢层和镍铜合金层,所述合金钢层和所述镍铜合金层通过压制和烧结工艺冶金结合,所述合金钢层背离所述镍铜合金层的一侧表面通过渗硼工艺形成渗硼钢层。本发明还公开了如上所述的层状复合材料的制备方法及其在锅具中的应用。本发明提供的层状复合材料解决了现有复合材料中存在的抗氧性差、脆性大、硬度不高、结合力差等问题。(The invention discloses a layered composite material which comprises an alloy steel layer and a nickel-copper alloy layer, wherein the alloy steel layer and the nickel-copper alloy layer are metallurgically bonded through a pressing and sintering process, and a boronizing steel layer is formed on the surface of one side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer, of the alloy steel layer through a boronizing process. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the layered composite material and application of the layered composite material in cookware. The layered composite material provided by the invention solves the problems of poor oxygen resistance, high brittleness, low hardness, poor binding force and the like in the existing composite material.)

1. A layered composite material, characterized in that it comprises an alloy steel layer (1) and a nickel-copper alloy layer (2), said alloy steel layer (1) and said nickel-copper alloy layer (2) being metallurgically bonded by a pressing and sintering process, the surface of the alloy steel layer (1) on the side facing away from said nickel-copper alloy layer (2) being formed into a boriding steel layer (1a) by a boriding process.

2. The layered composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of said alloy steel layer (1) is a mixed powder of chromium molybdenum alloy powder and nickel copper alloy powder, to which zinc stearate is added; the nickel-copper alloy layer (2) is made of nickel-copper alloy powder, and zinc stearate is added into the nickel-copper alloy powder.

3. The layered composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the material of the alloy steel layer (1), the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3-0.5%, and the mixing weight ratio of the chromium molybdenum alloy powder and the nickel copper alloy powder is 4: 1-6: 1; in the material of the nickel-copper alloy layer (2), the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3-0.5%.

4. The layered composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the alloy steel layer (1) is 2 to 2.5mm, the thickness of the nickel-copper alloy layer (2) is 1 to 1.5mm, and the thickness of the boriding steel layer (1a) is 0.05 to 0.1 mm.

5. The layered composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the alloy steel layer (1) is provided with a plurality of groove structures (1b) on the surface of the side away from the nickel-copper alloy layer (2), and the groove structures (1b) have a depth of 0.25-0.35 mm and a width of 0.25-0.35 mm.

6. The layered composite material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the distance between any two of said groove structures (1b) is 1 to 1.5 mm.

7. A method of preparing the layered composite of any of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

adding zinc stearate with a preset weight proportion into the nickel-copper alloy powder, and mixing to form first mixed powder;

adding nickel-copper alloy powder and zinc stearate in a predetermined weight ratio into the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder, and mixing to form second mixed powder;

filling the first mixed powder into the lower layer of a die and leveling, and filling the second mixed powder into the upper layer of the die and leveling;

placing the die in a press machine for pressing to prepare a blank body comprising a first mixed powder layer and a second mixed powder layer;

sintering the blank body to enable the first mixed powder layer and the second mixed powder layer to respectively and correspondingly form a nickel-copper alloy layer (2) and an alloy steel layer (1) which are mutually metallurgically bonded;

and preparing and forming a boronized steel layer (1a) on one side of the alloy steel layer (1) departing from the nickel-copper alloy layer (2) through a boronizing process.

8. The method for preparing the layered composite material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pressure value applied when preparing the green body is 140 to 160MPa, and the sintering temperature for sintering the green body is 1280 to 1300 ℃.

9. The method for preparing a laminar composite according to claim 7, characterized in that the preparation for forming the boronized steel layer (1a) comprises, before:

and a plurality of groove structures (1b) are formed on the surface of one side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer (2), of the alloy steel layer (1) through cutting machining.

10. Use of the laminar composite material according to any of claims 1 to 6 in cookware as a material for the inner walls of said cookware.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a layered composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

At present, metal plates for manufacturing pot products are mostly made of single materials or formed by performing surface treatment, physical pressing and the like on the single materials. Such as single material of high-chromium cast iron grinding ball, metallurgical sintering of high-chromium cast iron and low-carbon steel, carbon steel surface carburization, nitridation, boronization, metal surface coating, metal surface thermal spraying, two layered material pressing and the like.

However, the metal sheets formed by these techniques cannot meet the requirements of special occasions, such as when thermal conductivity, wall thickness, strength, toughness and oxidation resistance are required to be simultaneously provided, and the above techniques have great limitations. For example, carbon steel has poor oxidation resistance, high-chromium cast iron has high brittleness, and the carburizing and nitriding hardness is not high, and the surface of a thermal spraying part is rough and the surface coating belongs to physical bonding, so the bonding force is poor, the coating is easy to fall off, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a layered composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems of poor oxygen resistance, high brittleness, low hardness, poor binding force and the like in the conventional composite material.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a layered composite material, comprising an alloy steel layer and a nickel-copper alloy layer, wherein the alloy steel layer and the nickel-copper alloy layer are metallurgically bonded by a pressing and sintering process, and a boronizing steel layer is formed on the surface of one side of the alloy steel layer, which is far away from the nickel-copper alloy layer, by a boronizing process.

Preferably, the alloy steel layer is made of mixed powder of chromium-molybdenum alloy powder and nickel-copper alloy powder, wherein zinc stearate is added; the nickel-copper alloy layer is made of nickel-copper alloy powder, and zinc stearate is added into the nickel-copper alloy powder.

Preferably, in the material of the alloy steel layer, the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3-0.5%, and the mixing weight ratio of the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder and the nickel-copper alloy powder is 4: 1-6: 1; in the material of the nickel-copper alloy layer, the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3-0.5%.

Preferably, the thickness of the alloy steel layer is 2-2.5 mm, the thickness of the nickel-copper alloy layer is 1-1.5 mm, and the thickness of the boronized steel layer is 0.05-0.1 mm.

Preferably, a plurality of groove structures are arranged on the surface of one side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer, of the alloy steel layer, the depth of each groove structure is 0.25-0.35 mm, and the width of each groove structure is 0.25-0.35 mm.

Preferably, the distance between any two groove structures is 1-1.5 mm.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the layered composite material, which comprises the following steps:

adding zinc stearate with a preset weight proportion into the nickel-copper alloy powder, and mixing to form first mixed powder;

adding nickel-copper alloy powder and zinc stearate in a predetermined weight ratio into the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder, and mixing to form second mixed powder;

filling the first mixed powder into the lower layer of a die and leveling, and filling the second mixed powder into the upper layer of the die and leveling;

placing the die in a press machine for pressing to prepare a blank body comprising a first mixed powder layer and a second mixed powder layer;

sintering the blank body to enable the first mixed powder layer and the second mixed powder layer to respectively and correspondingly form a nickel-copper alloy layer and an alloy steel layer which are mutually metallurgically bonded;

and preparing and forming a boronized steel layer on one side of the alloy steel layer, which is far away from the nickel-copper alloy layer, through a boronizing process.

Preferably, the pressure value applied during the preparation of the green body is 140-160 MPa, and the sintering temperature for sintering the green body is 1280-1300 ℃.

Preferably, the preparation of the boronized steel layer before forming comprises:

and preparing and forming a plurality of groove structures on the surface of one side of the alloy steel layer, which is far away from the nickel-copper alloy layer, through cutting processing.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a use of the above-mentioned layered composite material in a pot, and the layered composite material is used as a material of an inner wall of the pot.

Compared with the prior art, the layered composite material provided by the invention has the high strength and toughness of the nickel-copper alloy, the hardness and the heat conductivity of the chromium-molybdenum alloy, and the surface hardness and the low friction coefficient of the boronized structure. Therefore, the problems of poor oxygen resistance, high brittleness, low hardness, poor bonding force and the like in the existing composite material are solved, and various market requirements are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a layered composite material provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the layered composite material provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the application of the layered composite material provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another application of the layered composite material provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of these preferred embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings and described in accordance with the drawings are exemplary only, and the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.

This example first provides a layered composite material comprising an alloy steel layer 1 and a nickel copper alloy layer 2 as shown in figure 1. The alloy steel layer 1 and the nickel-copper alloy layer 2 are metallurgically bonded through pressing and sintering processes, wherein the metallurgically bonded is formed by mutual diffusion of atoms between interfaces of two pieces of metal. Therefore, the bonding force between the alloy steel layer 1 and the nickel-copper alloy layer 2 is firm and is not easy to separate.

The alloy steel layer 1 is made of mixed powder of chromium-molybdenum alloy powder and nickel-copper alloy powder, zinc stearate is added to serve as a heat stabilizer, and the thickness of the alloy steel layer 1 is 2-2.5 mm. The nickel-copper alloy layer 2 is made of nickel-copper alloy powder, zinc stearate is added as a heat stabilizer, and the thickness of the nickel-copper alloy layer 2 is 1-1.5 mm.

The layered composite material further comprises a boronized steel layer 1 a. The boronized steel layer 1a is formed on the surface of one side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer 2, of the alloy steel layer 1 through a surface boronizing process. The Vickers hardness of the boronized steel layer 1a is larger than HV1300, the friction coefficient is not larger than 0.19, and the thickness of the boronized steel layer 1a is 0.05-0.1 mm.

Furthermore, in the layered composite material, the surface of one side of the alloy steel layer 1, which is far away from the nickel-copper alloy layer 2, is provided with a plurality of groove structures 1b, and the depth of each groove structure 1b is 0.25-0.35 mm, and the width of each groove structure 1b is 0.25-0.35 mm. The groove structure 1b serves to reduce friction between the layered composite material of the present invention and other objects.

The layered composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength and toughness of nickel-copper alloy, hardness and thermal conductivity of chromium-molybdenum alloy, surface hardness of boronized structure and low friction coefficient, thereby meeting various market requirements.

This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned layered composite material, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes the steps of:

s1, adding zinc stearate with a preset weight proportion into the nickel-copper alloy powder, and mixing to form first mixed powder. Specifically, the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3% -0.5%.

S2, adding nickel-copper alloy powder and zinc stearate with a preset weight ratio into the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder, and mixing to form second mixed powder. Specifically, the mixing weight ratio of the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder to the nickel-copper alloy powder is 4: 1-6: 1, and the weight percentage of the zinc stearate is 0.3-0.5%.

And S3, filling the first mixed powder into the lower layer of the die and leveling, and filling the second mixed powder into the upper layer of the die and leveling.

And S4, placing the die in a press machine for pressing to prepare a blank body comprising a first mixed powder layer and a second mixed powder layer. Specifically, the pressure value applied during the preparation of the blank is 140-160 MPa.

And S5, sintering the blank to enable the first mixed powder layer and the second mixed powder layer to respectively and correspondingly form a nickel-copper alloy layer 2 and an alloy steel layer 1 which are mutually and metallurgically bonded. Specifically, the sintering environment is a vacuum environment (or inert gas protection), and the sintering temperature is 1280-1300 ℃.

S6, preparing and forming a boronized steel layer 1a on the side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer 2, of the alloy steel layer 1 through a boronizing process. Specifically, the sintered body is loaded into a box, and after adding a boronizing agent, the box door is closed to perform boronizing treatment. Wherein the boronizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4-4.5 hours, and the boronizing thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm.

Further, the preparation method of the layered composite material as described above may further include, before preparing and forming the boriding steel layer 1a, the steps of:

and S5a, cutting the alloy steel layer 1 on the surface of one side, away from the nickel-copper alloy layer 2, by using a ceramic turning tool to prepare and form a plurality of groove structures 1 b. Specifically, the width of the groove structure 1b is 0.25-0.35 mm, and the depth is 0.25-0.35 mm. Wherein, the distance between any two groove structures 1b is 1-1.5 mm.

The preparation method of the layered composite material comprises the following steps:

the chromium-molybdenum alloy powder is commercially available chromium-molybdenum alloy powder and comprises the following chemical components: 0.32 to 0.45 percent of carbon, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of silicon, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of manganese, 4.74 to 5.50 percent of chromium, 1.10 to 1.75 percent of molybdenum, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of vanadium and the balance of iron. The powder has a particle size of 149 μm.

The nickel-copper alloy powder is commercially available nickel-copper alloy powder and comprises the following chemical components: 63% of nickel, 28-31% of copper, 2.5% of iron, 2.0% of manganese, 0.3% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 0.03% of phosphorus, 0.024% of sulfur and the balance of trace impurities. The fineness of the powder particles is 48 mu m.

The invention also discloses application of the layered composite material in cookware, and the layered composite material is used as a material for the inner wall of the cookware.

As an application example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the present example discloses a frying pan comprising a pan bottom 3 and a stainless steel outer shell 4. Wherein the pan bottom 3 is made of the layered composite material of the invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the boronized steel layer 1a of the layered composite material serves as a bearing surface 3a of the frying pan. When the frying pan is actually used, oil and water in the groove structure 1b can be evaporated after the pan bottom 3 is heated, the steam has the effect of isolating the bearing surface 3a from food, and the groove structure 1b reduces the friction force and the contact area between the bearing surface 3a and the food, so that the frying pan has the function of being not stuck to the pan.

As another application example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the layered composite material of the present invention can be applied to an inner container of an electric cooker. The boronized steel layer 1a is used as the inner wall of the pot liner, and the nickel-copper alloy layer 2 is used as the outer wall of the pot liner. The boriding steel layer 1a has an anti-oxidation effect, the specific high hardness avoids surface scratches, and the problem of sticking to a pot by food is solved due to a low friction coefficient. The nickel-copper alloy layer 2 provides enough strength to ensure the long-term use of the inner container of the electric cooker.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.