阅读说明：本技术 一种磨料预浸润型水刀切割器 (Abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter ) 是由 李登 康勇 史汉清 王晓川 袁淼 汪祖安 张梦达 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种磨料预浸润型水刀切割器,包括切割器主体、输送管、磨料预浸润器、盖板、密封圈、单向阀、排气阀；磨料预浸润器固定在切割器主体上端部分。磨料预浸润器包含其轴线的剖面呈“出”字形,盖板安置在磨料预浸润器的上端时,可使磨料预浸润器形成两个腔室,分别为一级腔室与二级腔室；磨料预浸润器下端面的两个通孔与单向阀连接之后,通过两个对称的输送管与切割器主体上的两个倾斜的通孔相连,并与切割器内部连通。本发明在磨料与高速水射流混合之前,通过二级腔室的磨料预浸润器将磨料粒子彻底湿润,再进入切割器与高速水射流混合,避免了干燥的磨料颗粒在高速碰撞碳钢时产生火花,从而降低水刀在切割易燃易爆品时的安全隐患。(The invention discloses an abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter which comprises a cutter body, a conveying pipe, an abrasive pre-infiltrator, a cover plate, a sealing ring, a one-way valve and an exhaust valve, wherein the conveying pipe is arranged on the cutter body; an abrasive pre-infiltrator is fixed to an upper end portion of the cutter body. The abrasive pre-wetting device comprises a shaft line with a section shaped like a Chinese character 'go', and when the cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the abrasive pre-wetting device, the abrasive pre-wetting device can form two chambers, namely a first-stage chamber and a second-stage chamber; after the two through holes on the lower end surface of the abrasive pre-soaker are connected with the one-way valve, the two through holes are connected with the two inclined through holes on the cutter body through two symmetrical conveying pipes and are communicated with the inside of the cutter. Before the abrasive and the high-speed water jet are mixed, abrasive particles are thoroughly wetted by the abrasive pre-infiltrator in the secondary chamber and then enter the cutter to be mixed with the high-speed water jet, so that sparks generated when dry abrasive particles collide with carbon steel at high speed are avoided, and the potential safety hazard of the water jet cutter when flammable and explosive materials are cut is reduced.)

1. The abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter is characterized by mainly comprising a cutter body, a conveying pipe, an abrasive pre-infiltrator, a cover plate and an exhaust valve, wherein the abrasive pre-infiltrator is integrally a cylindrical groove, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the cylindrical groove in a concave mode, the middle upper portion of the through hole protrudes outwards to form a circle of annular groove to divide the cylindrical groove into a primary cavity and a secondary cavity, and the upper end faces of the primary cavity and the through hole are flush with the upper end face of the secondary cavity; the cutter body is tightly sleeved in the through hole; a cover plate hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate and penetrates through the cutter main body to cover the abrasive material pre-soaker; a low-pressure water inlet and an exhaust hole are formed in the cover plate corresponding to the secondary cavity, an exhaust valve is installed at the exhaust hole, a through hole at the bottom end of the pre-wetting device is formed in the bottom of the secondary cavity, and a grinding valve with a through hole at the bottom end is installed at the through hole at the bottom end of the pre-wetting device; an abrasive inlet and a tap water inlet are formed in the cover plate at the position corresponding to the first-stage cavity, a middle-end through hole of the pre-wetting device is formed in the bottom of the first-stage cavity, and a middle-end through hole abrasive valve is installed at the middle-end through hole of the pre-wetting device; the utility model discloses a cutter body, including cutterbar main part outer wall gem nozzle, conveyer pipe, through-hole, the bottom through-hole abrasive valve, the top of cutterbar main part outer wall gem nozzle is connected to conveyer pipe one end, and the other end is connected on the bottom through-hole abrasive valve, intercommunication cutterbar main part and second grade cavity, running water entry direction or running water rivers direction are on a parallel with through-hole tangent plane direction and the certain angle of downward sloping, and low pressure water entry direction or low pressure rivers direction are on a parallel with one.

2. The abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter according to claim 1, wherein the upper end surfaces of the walls of the through hole, the primary chamber and the secondary chamber are respectively provided with an annular groove with a rectangular cross section, and a sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove.

3. The abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the cutter body is outwardly protruded with a rim on which the abrasive pre-infiltrator can be seated.

4. The abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter of claim 1, wherein the cutter through hole is inclined toward the bottom through hole abrasive valve.

5. The abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter according to claim 1, wherein at least two through holes at the middle end of the abrasive pre-infiltrator are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the primary chamber, and at least two through holes at the bottom end of the abrasive pre-infiltrator are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the secondary chamber.

6. A method for pre-infiltrating abrasives in a water jet cutter, which is characterized in that the abrasives are pre-infiltrated by using the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 5; firstly, abrasive materials enter a primary cavity of an abrasive material pre-soakage device from an abrasive material inlet under the drive of compressed air, and meanwhile, filtered tap water also enters the primary cavity from a tap water inlet, and the filtered tap water are preliminarily mixed in the primary cavity; then, the primary mixed liquid of the abrasive and the water enters a secondary chamber from a through hole at the middle end of the abrasive pre-soaker through an abrasive valve under the action of air pressure and gravity, meanwhile, low-pressure water enters the secondary chamber from a low-pressure water inlet, residual air in the secondary chamber is exhausted through an exhaust hole and an exhaust valve, and when the mixed liquid begins to flow out from the exhaust valve, the fact that the air in the secondary chamber is exhausted can be judged; finally, the mixed liquid of the abrasive and the water enters the interior of the cutter body from the through hole at the bottom end of the abrasive pre-moistener through the abrasive valve and the through hole of the cutter on the cutter body through the conveying pipe under certain pressure; the high-speed water jet formed by the high-pressure water through the jewel nozzle sucks the mixed liquid entering from the through hole of the cutter in the cutter body and mixes the mixed liquid again in the process of moving downstream.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high-pressure water jet machining, in particular to an abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter.

Background

The high-pressure water jet technology is developed rapidly in recent years, and is particularly widely applied to the field of mechanical processing. By introducing an abrasive into the high-pressure water stream, the energy obtained from the high-velocity water stream by the abrasive is utilized to abrade the workpiece, which greatly improves the cutting ability of the water jet. Abrasive water jets can be divided into pre-mixed abrasive jets and post-mixed abrasive jets, depending on the manner in which the abrasive is introduced. Because the pre-mix abrasive jet generation system requires a high pressure abrasive tank, and safety presents several unresolved challenges. In contrast, post-mix abrasive jets are more widely and commonly used in current applications. The water jet cutter in the current high-pressure water jet cutting technology is the post-mixed abrasive jet. The wide application of the water jet cutter and the unique cold cutting advantage thereof are inseparable, and the water jet cutter plays an important role in the field of cutting dangerous goods such as waste cannonballs, petroleum and gas pipelines and the like. However, as the related art has developed, researchers have found that sparks can form when cutting carbon steel with a water jet. For example, the mixed abrasive jet cutting safety analysis published in 2016 of the century China scientific and technological achievements in the paper "Mixed abrasive jet cutting safety analysis" of the 6 th: because the post-mixed abrasive jet flow belongs to three-phase flow, abrasive particles are mixed with high-speed liquid under the wrapping of air and are sprayed to the surface of metal before the abrasive particles are soaked in time; the abrasive particles and metal collide and rub at high speed to form heat energy sparks, and potential safety hazards exist when flammable and explosive articles such as chemicals, fuel pipes, fuel gas pipes and the like are cut. Currently, there is no relevant research and patent aimed at solving this problem. In order to improve the safety of the water knife in cutting inflammable and explosive articles, the invention of the novel water knife cutter is particularly important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that sparks are generated in the process of cutting carbon steel by a water jet, and provides a novel abrasive pre-wetting water jet cutter. The abrasive pre-soaker is arranged on the existing water jet cutter, abrasive particles are thoroughly soaked before being mixed with high-speed water jet and then are mixed with high-speed jet, and sparks generated when dry abrasive particles collide carbon steel at high speed are reduced, so that the potential safety hazard of the water jet cutter when flammable and explosive materials are cut is reduced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter mainly comprises a cutter body, a conveying pipe, an abrasive pre-infiltrator, a cover plate and an exhaust valve, wherein the abrasive pre-infiltrator is integrally a cylindrical groove, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the cylindrical groove in a concave mode, the middle upper portion of the through hole protrudes outwards to form a circle of annular groove to divide the cylindrical groove into a primary cavity and a secondary cavity, and the upper end faces of the primary cavity and the through hole are flush with the upper end face of the secondary cavity; the cutter body is tightly sleeved in the through hole; a cover plate hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate and penetrates through the cutter main body to cover the abrasive material pre-soaker; a low-pressure water inlet and an exhaust hole are formed in the cover plate corresponding to the secondary cavity, an exhaust valve is installed at the exhaust hole, a through hole at the bottom end of the pre-wetting device is formed in the bottom of the secondary cavity, and a grinding valve with a through hole at the bottom end is installed at the through hole at the bottom end of the pre-wetting device; an abrasive inlet and a tap water inlet are formed in the cover plate at the position corresponding to the first-stage cavity, a middle-end through hole of the pre-wetting device is formed in the bottom of the first-stage cavity, and a middle-end through hole abrasive valve is installed at the middle-end through hole of the pre-wetting device; the utility model discloses a cutter body, including cutterbar main part outer wall gem nozzle, conveyer pipe, through-hole, the bottom through-hole abrasive valve, the top of cutterbar main part outer wall gem nozzle is connected to conveyer pipe one end, and the other end is connected on the bottom through-hole abrasive valve, intercommunication cutterbar main part and second grade cavity, running water entry direction or running water rivers direction are on a parallel with through-hole tangent plane direction and the certain angle of downward sloping, and low pressure water entry direction or low pressure rivers direction are on a parallel with one.

Preferably, in the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter, the upper end faces of the walls of the through hole, the primary cavity and the secondary cavity are respectively provided with an annular groove with a rectangular cross section, and a sealing ring is arranged in each annular groove.

Preferably, in the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter, a circle of edge protrudes outwards from the outer wall of the cutter body, and the abrasive pre-infiltrator can be seated on the edge.

Preferably, in the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter, the cutter through hole is inclined towards the abrasive valve at the bottom end.

Preferably, in the abrasive pre-infiltration type water jet cutter, at least two through holes at the middle end of the abrasive pre-infiltrator are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the primary cavity, and at least two through holes at the bottom end of the abrasive pre-infiltrator are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the secondary cavity.

The abrasive pre-wetting method for the water jet cutter is characterized in that the abrasive is pre-wetted by the abrasive pre-wetting water jet cutter; firstly, abrasive materials enter a primary cavity of an abrasive material pre-soakage device from an abrasive material inlet under the drive of compressed air, and meanwhile, filtered tap water also enters the primary cavity from a tap water inlet, and the filtered tap water are preliminarily mixed in the primary cavity; then, the primary mixed liquid of the abrasive and the water enters a secondary chamber from a through hole at the middle end of the abrasive pre-soaker through an abrasive valve under the action of air pressure and gravity, meanwhile, low-pressure water enters the secondary chamber from a low-pressure water inlet, residual air in the secondary chamber is exhausted through an exhaust hole and an exhaust valve, and when the mixed liquid begins to flow out from the exhaust valve, the fact that the air in the secondary chamber is exhausted can be judged; finally, the mixed liquid of the abrasive and the water enters the interior of the cutter body from the through hole at the bottom end of the abrasive pre-moistener through the abrasive valve and the through hole of the cutter on the cutter body through the conveying pipe under certain pressure; the high-speed water jet formed by the high-pressure water through the jewel nozzle sucks the mixed liquid entering from the through hole of the cutter in the cutter body and mixes the mixed liquid again in the process of moving downstream. The inclined arrangement of the through holes of the cutter can also ensure that the mixed liquid is mixed with the high-speed water jet at a certain initial speed towards the downstream, so that the abrasive material can enter the core area of the jet more easily and can be accelerated more fully.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: before the grinding materials are mixed with the high-speed water jet, grinding material particles are thoroughly wetted by a grinding material pre-wetting device with a secondary chamber and then enter a cutter to be mixed with the high-speed water jet, so that sparks generated when dry grinding material particles collide with carbon steel at high speed are reduced, and the potential safety hazard of a water knife when flammable and explosive materials are cut is reduced. The invention has simple structure, high reliability and convenient use, and plays an important role in promoting the use safety of the water jet cutter in a dangerous environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an abrasive pre-infiltrator in the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a cover plate in the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cutter body of the device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the cutting device comprises a cutting device main body, 2, a conveying pipe, 301, a middle-end through hole abrasive valve, 302, a bottom-end through hole abrasive valve, 4, a bottom-end through hole, 5, an abrasive pre-soaker, 6, a second-stage chamber, 7, a first-stage chamber, 8, a cover plate, 9, a low-pressure water inlet, 10, an abrasive inlet, 11, a middle-end through hole, 12, a tap water inlet, 13, an exhaust hole, 14, an exhaust valve, 15, a sealing ring, 16, an annular groove with a rectangular cross section, 17, a jewel nozzle, 18, a cutting device through hole, 19, a through hole, 20 and.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: