Multi-nozzle 3D printer and printing method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种多喷头3d打印机及其打印方法 (Multi-nozzle 3D printer and printing method thereof ) 是由 李皓峰 张雷 贺炜 朱景峰 文言 施昌荣 陈慧烈 黄伟展 裴文剑 区宇辉 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多喷头3D打印机及其打印方法,包括用于喷射打印材料的打印喷头组件、用于支撑打印模型的打印平台和支撑整个3D打印机的打印机框架,打印喷头组件通过供料管道连接盛有打印材料的供料装置,其特征在于：打印喷头组件至少设有两个喷头本体,喷头本体之间相互平行。3D打印时,供料装置中的打印材料通过供料管道流经连接块后流入喷头本体,通过喷嘴点阵打印至打印平台上。在打印大型模型时,若使用单个喷头本体打印多个区域,则喷头本体在打印完一个区域后移动至下个区域打印；而使用多个喷头本体可以一次性覆盖多个打印区域,从而提高了打印效率,大大减少了打印时间。(The invention discloses a multi-nozzle 3D printer and a printing method thereof, wherein the multi-nozzle 3D printer comprises a printing nozzle assembly for spraying printing materials, a printing platform for supporting a printing model and a printer frame for supporting the whole 3D printer, the printing nozzle assembly is connected with a feeding device filled with the printing materials through a feeding pipeline, and the multi-nozzle 3D printer is characterized in that: the printing nozzle assembly is at least provided with two nozzle bodies which are parallel to each other. When 3D printed, printing material among the feedway flowed through behind the connecting block through the feed pipeline and flowed into the shower nozzle body, printed to print platform on through the nozzle dot matrix. When a large-scale model is printed, if a single spray head body is used for printing a plurality of areas, the spray head body moves to the next area for printing after printing one area; and use a plurality of shower nozzle bodies can once only cover a plurality of printing areas to improve printing efficiency, greatly reduced the printing time.)
1. The utility model provides a many shower nozzles 3D printer, includes the print head subassembly that is used for spraying printing material, is used for supporting the print platform who prints the model and supports the printer frame of whole 3D printer, print the feed arrangement that the shower head subassembly contains printing material through the connection of feed pipeline, its characterized in that: the printing nozzle assembly is at least provided with two nozzle bodies which are parallel to each other.
2. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the printing nozzle assembly is installed on a nozzle frame, the nozzle frame is connected with a first guide rail in a sliding mode, the printing platform is connected with a second guide rail in a sliding mode, the first guide rail is perpendicular to the second guide rail, a lead screw is vertically arranged on the printer frame, and the nozzle frame is connected with the lead screw.
3. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle area, the nozzle area is divided into a first nozzle area and a second nozzle area, the feeding pipelines comprise a first feeding pipeline and a second feeding pipeline, the first nozzle area is communicated with the first feeding pipeline, and the second nozzle area is communicated with the second feeding pipeline.
4. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 3, wherein: the nozzle region is provided with nozzle lattices, the intervals among the nozzle lattices are the same, the transverse connecting lines of the nozzle lattices are horizontally parallel, and the longitudinal connecting lines of the nozzle lattices are provided with included angles in the vertical direction.
5. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the printing nozzle comprises a printing nozzle body and is characterized in that a connecting block is arranged between the printing nozzle body and a feeding pipeline, the connecting block is provided with at least two feeding channels, one feeding channel is communicated with one feeding pipeline, the feeding channels are not communicated, and the feeding pipeline, the connecting block and the nozzle body are all provided with heating structures.
6. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a printing machine, including shower nozzle frame, shower nozzle base plate, feed pipeline mount pad, baffle sliding connection first guide rail, the shower nozzle frame is equipped with the shower nozzle bottom plate, the shower nozzle body is installed on the shower nozzle bottom plate, the inboard of shower nozzle bottom plate is equipped with the baffle, baffle sliding connection first guide rail, the left and right sides of shower nozzle bottom plate is equipped with the curb plate, is close to the feed pipeline mount pad the curb plate is equipped with feed pipeline mount pad, the back mounted of baffle has the flattening structure that is used for adjusting each layer of printing model height, the flattening.
7. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 7, wherein: the shower nozzle bottom plate is equipped with the installing port, the shower nozzle body is installed installing port department, the installing port is equipped with leveling structure.
8. The multi-nozzle 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the sprayer body comprises a first sprayer body, a second sprayer body and a third sprayer body, the first sprayer body and the second sprayer body are located on the same line, and the third sprayer body is located below the first sprayer body and the second sprayer body.
9. A printing method using the multi-nozzle 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) slicing the designed 3D model layer by layer through slicing software;
(2) the slicing software determines the spraying time of the nozzle lattice, the moving speed of the printing nozzle assembly on the y axis and the moving speed of the printing platform on the z axis according to the shape and the size of each layer of the 3D model;
(3) the feeding device, the feeding pipeline, the connecting block and the heating structure in the nozzle body are heated;
(4) printing materials in the feeding device flow into the spray head body after flowing through the connecting block through the feeding pipeline;
(5) the printing spray head assembly moves downwards along the screw rod to enable the nozzle area to be close to the printing platform;
(6) the printing nozzle assembly moves along the first guide rail, the printing platform moves along the second guide rail, the nozzle dot matrix sprays printing materials onto the printing platform to print pixel points of a layer of 3D model corresponding pictures, and meanwhile, the leveling structure levels the sprayed layer of 3D model to a layer thickness height;
(7) the printing spray head assembly moves upwards for a layer of distance along the screw rod;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (6) and (8) until the printing is finished, and taking out the 3D model from the printing platform.
10. A printing method for the multi-nozzle 3D printer as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the printing material comprises a supporting material and a model material, the supply pipelines comprise a first supply pipeline and a second supply pipeline, and the spray head body is provided with a first spray nozzle area and a second spray nozzle area; when the support material is printed, the support material enters the spray head body from the feeding device through the first feeding pipeline and then is sprayed out of the first nozzle area; when the model material is printed, the model material enters the spray head body from the feeding device through the second feeding pipeline and then is sprayed out of the second nozzle area.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a multi-nozzle 3D printer.
Background
The 3D printer builds a three-dimensional model through an additive manufacturing method. The wax pattern 3D printer belongs to one type of additive manufacturing equipment, and is characterized in that blue wax is used as a model material, white wax is used as a supporting material, high-temperature heated wax is sprayed to a printing platform, and a model is built by stacking layer by layer. As the wax-spraying 3D printing model has the advantages of high precision, smooth surface and the like, the wax-spraying 3D printer is widely applied to the manufacturing industries of jewelry, aerospace, engines and the like. The printing materials used by the wax-spraying 3D printer are white wax and blue wax, the wax is filled in a container, the container is filled in a feeding device, the blue wax in the container flows into the feeding device and flows into a spray head through high-temperature heating, and the spray head sprays the wax layer by layer onto a printing panel to construct a three-dimensional model.
The existing wax-spraying 3D printer is generally provided with a single spray head, the manufacturing cost of the 3D printer is low, but the printing speed is also low, and a long time is needed when a large model is printed, so that the manufacturing cost of the model is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-nozzle 3D printer which is suitable for printing large models and has a high printing speed, and the production time of the models is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a many shower nozzles 3D printer, includes printing shower nozzle subassembly, print platform and printer frame, and it has the feed pipeline even to print the shower nozzle subassembly, and the feed pipeline even has feedway, contains printing material in the feedway, its characterized in that: the printing nozzle assembly is at least provided with two nozzle bodies which are parallel to each other. When a large-scale model is printed, if a single spray head body is used for printing a plurality of areas, the spray head body moves to the next area for printing after printing one area; and use a plurality of shower nozzle bodies can once only cover a plurality of printing areas to improve printing efficiency, greatly reduced the printing time.
Further, the printing nozzle assembly is installed on the nozzle frame, the nozzle frame is horizontally provided with a first guide rail, the printing nozzle assembly is connected with the first guide rail in a sliding mode, the printing platform is connected with a second guide rail in a sliding mode, the first guide rail is perpendicular to the second guide rail, the printer frame is vertically provided with a screw rod, and the nozzle frame is connected with the screw rod. The printing nozzle assembly moves on a first guide rail (y-axis direction), the printing platform moves on a second guide rail (x-axis direction), and the nozzle frame moves up and down along a screw rod (z-axis direction), so that a 3D coordinate system is formed.
Further, the shower nozzle body is equipped with the nozzle region, and the nozzle region divide into first nozzle region and second nozzle region, and the feed pipeline includes first feed pipeline and second feed pipeline, and first nozzle region is linked together with first feed pipeline, and the second nozzle region is linked together with second feed pipeline. A nozzle body connects two supply conduits, a first supply conduit carries the pattern material and a second supply conduit carries the support material. Two kinds of materials can be printed to a shower nozzle body, and the regional blowout of first nozzle and second nozzle is followed respectively to model material and support material entering shower nozzle body after, and two kinds of materials can not mix, need not often to wash the feed pipeline.
Furthermore, the nozzle area is provided with nozzle dot matrixes, the intervals among the nozzle dot matrixes are the same, the transverse connecting lines of the nozzle dot matrixes are horizontally parallel, and the longitudinal connecting lines of the nozzle dot matrixes are provided with included angles in the vertical direction. Because the vertical line of nozzle dot matrix is equipped with the contained angle in vertical direction, two adjacent nozzle points stagger each other, and the interval of two adjacent mouth spun lines can be littleer to improve 3D printer's resolution ratio.
Further, be equipped with the connecting block between printing shower nozzle body and the feed pipeline, the connecting block is equipped with two at least feedstock channel, and a feedstock channel is linked together with a feed pipeline, does not communicate between the feedstock channel. The connecting block has connected printing shower nozzle body and feed pipeline, and the feedstock channel in the connecting block is kept apart each other, prevents that model material and supporting material from mixing.
Further, feed pipeline, connecting block and shower nozzle body all are equipped with heating structure. Because the melting point of the wax is higher, the wax is solid at room temperature, and the feeding pipeline, the connecting block and the spray head body are required to be heated to a certain temperature, so that the wax can be conveniently conveyed to the spray head body from the feeding device in a liquid form.
Further, the nozzle holder is equipped with the shower nozzle bottom plate, and the shower nozzle body is installed on the shower nozzle bottom plate, and the inboard of shower nozzle bottom plate is equipped with the baffle, the first guide rail of baffle sliding connection, and the left and right sides of shower nozzle bottom plate is equipped with the curb plate, and the curb plate that is close to feed pipeline mount pad is equipped with feed pipeline mount pad, and the back mounted of baffle has the flattening structure that is used for adjusting each layer of printing model height, and the printing platform is pressed close to along with the shower nozzle body removal to. Shower nozzle bottom plate, baffle and curb plate provide support and protection for printing the shower nozzle subassembly, and the baffle drives whole nozzle holder and removes along first guide rail, and the stability of reinforcing feed pipeline is fixed in the curb plate outside with the feed pipeline to the feed pipeline mount pad. Since the height of the ejected droplets is higher than the layer thickness of the cut pieces, it is necessary to level each layer model to the layer thickness height by a leveling structure.
Further, the bottom plate of the spray head is provided with a mounting opening, the spray head body is mounted at the mounting opening, and the mounting opening is provided with a leveling structure. The leveling structure is used for adjusting the gap and the direction between the adjacent sprayer bodies, so that the transverse connection line of the nozzle lattice is the same as the moving direction (y-axis direction) of the sprayer frame on the first guide rail.
Furthermore, the nozzle body comprises a first nozzle body, a second nozzle body and a third nozzle body, the first nozzle body and the second nozzle body are positioned on the same line, and the third nozzle body is positioned below the first nozzle body and the second nozzle body. First shower nozzle body and second shower nozzle body are in same line and have increased the width of printing the dot matrix, because first shower nozzle body and second shower nozzle body spun can be equipped with certain clearance between the dot matrix of printing, and the control is in the printing time of third shower nozzle body nozzle dot matrix of below, can make third shower nozzle body spun print the dot matrix and fill these clearances to print through three shower nozzle body and increased the printing area, improved and printed efficiency.
A printing method of a multi-nozzle 3D printer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) slicing the designed 3D model layer by layer through slicing software;
(2) the slicing software determines the spraying time of the nozzle dot matrix, the moving speed of the printing nozzle assembly on the y axis and the moving speed of the printing platform on the x axis according to the shape and the size of each layer of the 3D model;
(3) the feeding device, the feeding pipeline, the connecting block and the heating structure in the nozzle body are heated;
(4) printing materials in the feeding device flow into the spray head body after flowing through the connecting block through the feeding pipeline;
(5) the printing spray head assembly moves downwards along the screw rod to enable the nozzle area to be close to the printing platform;
(6) the printing nozzle assembly moves along the first guide rail, the printing platform moves along the second guide rail, the nozzle dot matrix sprays printing materials onto the printing platform to print pixel points of a layer of 3D model corresponding pictures, and meanwhile, the leveling structure levels the sprayed layer of 3D model to a layer thickness height;
(7) the printing spray head assembly moves upwards for a layer of distance along the screw rod;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (6) and (7) until the printing is finished, and taking out the 3D model from the printing platform.
When 3D printed, feedway, feed pipeline, connecting block and this internal heating of shower nozzle, printed material flowed into feed pipeline, connecting block and shower nozzle body from feedway in proper order, at last from the spout dot matrix blowout. The slicing software slices the 3D model into pictures one layer at a time. Through the injection time of control nozzle dot matrix, print shower nozzle subassembly at the speed that the y axle removed and print platform at x axle moving speed, print the pixel of the one deck correspondence picture of 3D model that the shower nozzle subassembly printed out on print platform, one deck 3D model flattening to the bed thickness height that the flattening structure will print out, along the distance of z axial upward removal one deck again, so relapse, until the 3D model printing finishes.
Further, the printing material comprises a supporting material and a model material, the supply pipelines comprise a first supply pipeline and a second supply pipeline, and the spray head body is provided with a first spray nozzle area and a second spray nozzle area; when the support material is printed, the support material enters the spray head body from the feeding device through the first feeding pipeline and then is sprayed out of the first nozzle area; when the model material is printed, the model material enters the spray head body from the feeding device through the second feeding pipeline and then is sprayed out of the second nozzle area.
Support material and model material get into same shower nozzle through different feed pipeline respectively, nevertheless get into different nozzle regions in same shower nozzle, print earlier support material and print the model material again, and two kinds of materials can not mix, guarantee the uniformity of every partial material of 3D model, need not often to clear up the feed pipeline simultaneously.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is suitable for printing large 3D models, and the plurality of printing areas are covered by the plurality of spray heads at one time, so that the printing efficiency is improved, the printing time is greatly reduced, and the model production cost is reduced. The method has the following specific beneficial effects:
1. the printing nozzle assembly moves on a first guide rail (y-axis direction), the printing platform moves on a second guide rail (x-axis direction), and the nozzle frame moves up and down along a screw rod (z-axis direction), so that a 3D coordinate system is formed.
2. A nozzle body connects two supply conduits, a first supply conduit carries the pattern material and a second supply conduit carries the support material. Two kinds of materials can be printed to a shower nozzle body, and the regional blowout of first nozzle and second nozzle is followed respectively to model material and supporting material entering shower nozzle body after, and two kinds of materials can not mix, guarantee the uniformity of every partial material of 3D model, need not often to wash the feed pipeline.
3. Printing material jets from the nozzle dot matrix of nozzle bottom and goes out, because the vertical line of nozzle dot matrix is equipped with the contained angle in vertical direction, and two adjacent nozzle points stagger each other, and the interval of two adjacent nozzle spun lines can be littleer to improve 3D printer's resolution ratio.
4. Shower nozzle bottom plate, baffle and curb plate provide support and protection for printing the shower nozzle subassembly, and the baffle drives whole nozzle holder and removes along first guide rail, and the stability of reinforcing feed pipeline is fixed in the curb plate outside with the feed pipeline to the feed pipeline mount pad.
5. The timing of the firing of each dot in the nozzle array can be controlled by the printing software to control the print shape.
6. Because the height of the ejected liquid drop is higher than the thickness of the slice, the leveling structure levels each layer of model to the thickness of the slice, the height of each layer of 3D printing model is kept consistent, and the 3D model is convenient to construct.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-nozzle 3D printer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a print head assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a print head assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the printing cart of the present invention in a top view;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the printing cart according to the present invention in a front view;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a supply line and connecting block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the nozzle region of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a printed dot matrix obtained after three nozzle bodies are simultaneously ejected in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a printed dot matrix obtained after controlling the firing time of the third nozzle body;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the print head assembly in a bottom view.
The printing head comprises a printing head assembly 1, a printing platform 2, a printer frame 3, a feeding pipeline 4, a first feeding pipeline 401, a second feeding pipeline 402, a
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7 a many shower nozzles 3D printer, including printing shower nozzle subassembly 1, print platform 2 and print frame 3, it has feed pipeline 4 to print shower nozzle subassembly 1 even, and feed pipeline 4 even has feedway (not drawn in the picture), contains the printing material in the feedway, prints shower nozzle subassembly 1 and is equipped with three shower nozzle body, and first
As shown in fig. 8, a certain gap is provided between the printed
The printing nozzle assembly 1 is installed on a
The nozzle body is provided with a nozzle zone divided into a first nozzle zone 12 and a second nozzle zone 13, the supply conduit 4 comprises a first supply conduit 401 and a second supply conduit 402, the first nozzle zone 12 is in communication with the first supply conduit 401 and the second nozzle zone 13 is in communication with the second supply conduit 402. A spray head body connects two supply lines 4, a first supply line 401 for mould material and a second supply line 402 for support material. Two kinds of materials can be printed to a shower nozzle body, and the model material is spouted from first nozzle region 12 and second nozzle region 13 respectively with the support material after getting into the shower nozzle body, and two kinds of materials can not mix, need not often to wash supply pipeline 4. Be equipped with connecting block 14 between print shower nozzle body and the feed pipeline 4, connecting block 14 is equipped with two at least feedstock channel (not drawn in the figure), and a feedstock channel is linked together with a feed pipeline 4, does not communicate between the feedstock channel. The printing nozzle body and the supply pipeline 4 are connected by the connecting block 14, and the feeding channels in the connecting block 14 are isolated from each other to prevent the mixing of the model material and the support material. Feed pipeline 4, connecting block 14 and shower nozzle body all are equipped with heating structure. Due to the relatively high melting point of the wax, the solid wax feed conduit 4, the connecting block 14 and the spray head body need to be heated to a temperature at room temperature to facilitate the transfer of the wax from the feed means to the spray head body in liquid form.
The nozzle region is provided with nozzle lattices 15, the intervals between the nozzle lattices 15 are the same, the transverse connecting lines of the nozzle lattices 15 are horizontally parallel, and the longitudinal connecting lines of the nozzle lattices 15 are provided with included angles in the vertical direction. Because the vertical line of nozzle dot matrix 15 is equipped with the contained angle in vertical direction, two adjacent nozzle points stagger each other, and the interval of two adjacent mouth spun lines can be littleer to improve 3D printer's resolution ratio.
The
When the multi-nozzle 3D printer is used for printing, the
A printing method of a multi-nozzle 3D printer comprises the following steps:
(1) slicing the designed 3D model layer by layer through slicing software;
(2) the slicing software determines the spraying time of the nozzle dot matrix, the moving speed of the printing nozzle assembly on the y axis and the moving speed of the printing platform on the x axis according to the shape and the size of each layer of the 3D model;
(3) the feeding device, the feeding pipeline, the connecting block and the heating structure in the nozzle body are heated;
(4) selecting a printing support material or a model material, and if the printing support material is printed, enabling the support material in the feeding device to flow into the spray head body after flowing through the connecting block through the first feeding pipeline;
(5) the printing spray head assembly moves downwards along the screw rod, so that the nozzle area is close to the printing platform, and the distance is preferably 1-5 mm;
(6) the printing nozzle assembly moves along the first guide rail, the printing platform moves along the second guide rail, the first nozzle dot matrix sprays the supporting material onto the printing platform to print pixel points of a layer of 3D model corresponding pictures, and meanwhile, the leveling structure levels the sprayed layer of 3D model to the layer thickness height;
(7) the printing spray head assembly moves upwards for a layer of distance along the screw rod;
(8) repeating the steps (6) and (7) until the printing of the support material is finished;
(9) if the printing of the model material is selected, the model material in the feeding device flows into the spray head body after flowing through the connecting block through the second feeding pipeline, and the feeding device stops supplying the supporting material;
(10) the printing spray head assembly moves downwards along the screw rod to enable the nozzle area to be close to the printing platform;
(11) and (5) repeating the steps (6) and (7) until the printing of the model material is finished.
The slicing software slices the 3D model into pictures one layer at a time. Through the injection time of control nozzle dot matrix, print shower nozzle subassembly at the speed that the y axle removed and print platform at x axle moving speed, print the pixel of the one deck correspondence picture of 3D model that the shower nozzle subassembly printed out on print platform, one deck 3D model flattening to the bed thickness height that the flattening structure will print out, along the distance of z axial upward removal one deck again, so relapse, until the 3D model printing finishes.
When 3D printed, feedway, feed pipeline, this internal heating of connecting block and shower nozzle, support material and model material flow in feed pipeline, connecting block and shower nozzle body entering same shower nozzle in proper order through the difference respectively, but get into different nozzle regions in same shower nozzle, print earlier the support material and print the model material again, two kinds of materials can not mix, guarantee the uniformity of every partial material of 3D model, need not often to clear up the feed pipeline simultaneously.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are all covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
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