阅读说明：本技术 折叠机构、车钩及轨道车辆 (Folding mechanism, car coupler and railway vehicle ) 是由 杜*** 陆青松 刘展文 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种折叠机构、车钩及轨道车辆,其中折叠机构包括第一转动件、第二转动件及锁定单元,第一转动件具有锁定槽,锁定槽位于第一转动件的一端,第二转动件的一端与第一转动件的一端铰接,锁定单元固定于第二转动件上,锁定单元包括第一锁定件及第一弹性件,第一锁定件与第二转动件铰接,第一锁定件与锁定槽配合连接,第一弹性件的一端固定于第二转动件上,第一弹性件的另一端与第一锁定件固定连接,其中,当第一锁定件克服第一弹性件的弹力转动并脱离锁定槽时,解锁第一转动件与第二转动件之间的相对转动；此外,轨道车辆包括车钩,车钩包括上述折叠机构。本申请在车钩连挂的过程中,提高了调整车钩缓冲器及连挂装置的效率。(A folding mechanism, a car coupler and a railway vehicle are provided, wherein the folding mechanism comprises a first rotating piece, a second rotating piece and a locking unit, the first rotating piece is provided with a locking groove, the locking groove is positioned at one end of the first rotating piece, one end of the second rotating piece is hinged with one end of the first rotating piece, the locking unit is fixed on the second rotating piece, the locking unit comprises a first locking piece and a first elastic piece, the first locking piece is hinged with the second rotating piece, the first locking piece is connected with the locking groove in a matched mode, one end of the first elastic piece is fixed on the second rotating piece, the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece, and when the first locking piece overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic piece to rotate and is separated from the locking groove, the relative rotation between the first rotating piece and the second rotating; furthermore, the rail vehicle comprises a coupler comprising the above folding mechanism. The efficiency of adjusting the coupler buffer and the coupling device is improved in the coupler coupling process.)

1. A folding mechanism, comprising:

a first rotating member having:

a locking groove located at one end of the first rotating member;

one end of the second rotating piece is hinged with one end of the first rotating piece;

a locking unit fixed to the second rotating member, the locking unit including:

the first locking piece is hinged with the second rotating piece and is connected with the locking groove in a matched mode;

one end of the first elastic piece is fixed on the second rotating piece, and the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece;

when the first locking piece rotates against the elastic force of the first elastic piece and is separated from the locking groove, the relative rotation between the first rotating piece and the second rotating piece is unlocked.

2. The folding mechanism of claim 1 wherein said first rotating member further comprises:

the rotating ring is positioned at one end of the first rotating piece, and the locking groove is positioned on the rotating ring;

the second rotating member has:

the open slot is positioned at one end of the second rotating piece and is sleeved outside the rotating ring; and

the through holes are two and are respectively positioned on two sides of the open slot, and the through holes are coaxial with the rotating ring.

3. The utility model provides a coupler, its characterized in that, coupler is folding coupler, coupler includes folding mechanism, folding mechanism includes:

a first rotating member that is a damper having:

a locking slot located at one end of the bumper;

the second rotating piece is a coupling device, and one end of the coupling device is hinged with one end of the buffer;

a locking unit fixed to the coupling device, the locking unit including:

the first locking piece is hinged with the connecting device and is connected with the locking groove in a matched mode;

one end of the first elastic piece is fixed on the connecting and hanging device, and the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece;

when the first locking piece rotates against the elastic force of the first elastic piece and is separated from the locking groove, the relative rotation between the buffer and the coupling device is unlocked.

4. The coupler of claim 3, wherein the buffer further has:

the rotating ring is positioned at one end of the buffer, and the locking groove is positioned on the rotating ring;

the coupling device has:

the open slot is positioned at one end of the coupling device and is sleeved outside the rotating ring; and

the through holes are two and are respectively positioned on two sides of the open slot, and the through holes are coaxial with the rotating ring.

5. The coupler of claim 3, wherein the folding mechanism further comprises:

the pulling piece is a pulling rope or a pulling rod, and one end of the pulling piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece;

when the pulling piece is pulled, the first locking piece overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic piece to rotate and is separated from the locking groove, and the relative rotation between the buffer and the coupling device is unlocked.

6. The coupler of claim 5, wherein the first locking member comprises:

one end of the locking block is matched and connected with the locking groove, and the other end of the locking block is hinged with the buffer;

one end of the first pulling block is fixedly connected with the locking block, and the other end of the first pulling block is fixedly connected with the first elastic piece;

one end of the second pulling block is fixedly connected with the locking block or the first pulling block, and the other end of the second pulling block is fixedly connected with the pulling piece.

7. A rail vehicle, characterized in that it comprises:

a vehicle body;

a coupler according to any of claims 3-6, connected to the body.

8. The rail vehicle of claim 7, further comprising:

a lock mechanism fixed to the vehicle body, the lock mechanism including:

the supporting base body is fixed on the vehicle body;

a hook fixed to the support base;

a second locking member hinged to the hook body,

one end of the second elastic piece is fixed on the hook body, and the other end of the second elastic piece is fixed on the second locking piece;

a locking space formed by the hook body and the second locking piece;

the hook body fixing rod is fixed on the connecting and hanging device and is arranged corresponding to the second locking piece and the locking space;

wherein, after the hook body fixing lever is contacted with the second locking piece, the hook body fixing lever pushes the second locking piece to rotate against the second elastic piece until the hook body fixing lever is clamped to the inside of the locking space.

9. The rail vehicle of claim 8, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises:

one end of the unlocking rod is fixed on the second locking piece;

after the unlocking rod is pulled, the second locking piece overcomes the second elastic piece to rotate until the locking space is opened, so that the movement constraint of the hook body fixing rod is released.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicles, and particularly relates to a folding mechanism, a coupler and a railway vehicle.

Background

The coupler is a vehicle part used for realizing coupling between a locomotive and a vehicle or between the vehicle and the vehicle, transmitting traction force and impact force and keeping a certain distance between the vehicles.

The coupling of a current railway vehicle (e.g., a light rail vehicle) includes a coupling device, a folding mechanism, and a coupling buffer, which require manual adjustment of the coupling buffer and the coupling device, and can be engaged while the coupling buffer and the coupling device are held in place (e.g., while the coupling buffer and the coupling device are in-line).

However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application find that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:

in the process of coupling the coupler, the relative positions of the coupler buffer and the coupling device need to be adjusted manually, so that the operation is complex and the coupling is slow.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a folding mechanism, a coupler and a rail vehicle, and solves the technical problem of how to improve the efficiency of adjusting the coupler buffer and the coupling device in the coupler coupling process, thereby improving the coupler coupling efficiency.

The embodiment of the application provides a folding mechanism, which comprises a first rotating piece, a second rotating piece and a locking unit, the first rotating member has a locking groove at one end thereof, one end of the second rotating piece is hinged with one end of the first rotating piece, the locking unit is fixed on the second rotating piece, the locking unit comprises a first locking piece and a first elastic piece, the first locking piece is hinged with the second rotating piece, the first locking piece is matched and connected with the locking groove, one end of the first elastic piece is fixed on the second rotating piece, the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece, when the first locking piece rotates against the elastic force of the first elastic piece and is separated from the locking groove, the relative rotation between the first rotating piece and the second rotating piece is unlocked.

The embodiment of the application further provides a car coupler, the car coupler is a folding car coupler, the car coupler comprises a folding mechanism, the folding mechanism comprises a first rotating piece, a second rotating piece and a locking unit, the first rotating piece is a buffer, the buffer is provided with a locking groove, the locking groove is located at one end of the buffer, the second rotating piece is a coupling device, one end of the coupling device is hinged with one end of the buffer, the locking unit is fixed on the coupling device, the locking unit comprises a first locking piece and a first elastic piece, the first locking piece is hinged with the coupling device, the first locking piece is connected with the locking groove in a matched mode, one end of the first elastic piece is fixed on the coupling device, the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the first locking piece, when the first locking piece overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic piece to rotate and break away from the locking groove, unlocking the relative rotation between the damper and the hitch.

The embodiment of the application also provides a railway vehicle, the railway vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a coupler, the coupler is as above, and the coupler is connected with the vehicle body.

One or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

the embodiment described in the application sets up the locking groove at the first rotating piece, connect the locking unit on the second rotating piece simultaneously, when the first rotating piece rotates relatively with the second rotating piece and is in suitable position, first locking piece rotates and is connected with locking groove cooperation for the second rotating piece under the spring action of first elastic component, thereby under the condition that does not have the manpower to intervene, realized the automatic restraint to relative pivoted between first rotating piece and the second rotating piece, and then for the background art, when this folding mechanism is applied to the coupling and links, need not the relative position of manual adjustment buffer and linking device, consequently solved how in the in-process that the coupling links, improve the technical problem of adjusting the efficiency of coupling buffer and linking device, and then improved the efficiency that the coupling linked.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the folding mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the folding mechanism of FIG. 2 from another perspective;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism adapted to the hook fastening lever of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the corresponding relationship between the locking mechanism of FIG. 4 and the hook fastening lever of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a second schematic view showing the corresponding relationship between the locking mechanism of FIG. 4 and the hook fastening lever of FIG. 1;

in the above figures: 1. a folding mechanism; 100. a first rotating member; 110. a rotating ring; 200. a second rotating member; 300. a locking unit; 310. a first locking member; 311. a locking block; 312. a first pull block; 313. a second pull block; 320. a first elastic member; 400. a pulling member; 2. a locking mechanism; 500. a support base; 600. a hook body; 700. a second locking member; 800. a second elastic member; 900. an unlocking lever; 3. the hook body is fixed with the rod.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that: (1) the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; (2) when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "supported from" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present; (3) when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present; (4) the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention has the following general idea:

in order to improve the efficiency of adjusting a buffer and a coupling device of a coupler during coupling of the coupler, embodiments of the present invention provide a folding mechanism, a coupler using the folding mechanism, and a railway vehicle using the coupler, wherein the folding mechanism includes a first rotating member having a locking groove and a second rotating member having a locking unit, and when the first rotating member and the second rotating member rotate relative to each other and are in proper positions, the first locking member rotates relative to the second rotating member and is coupled to the locking groove under the elastic force of a first elastic member, thereby achieving automatic restraint of the relative rotation between the first rotating member and the second rotating member without human intervention, and further, relative to the background art, when the folding mechanism is applied to coupling of the coupler, there is no need to manually adjust the relative positions of the buffer and the coupling device, thereby solving the problem of how to couple during coupling, the technical problem of improving the efficiency of adjusting the coupler buffer and the coupling device is solved, and the coupling efficiency is improved.

In order to better understand the technical solutions, the following will take an example of applying the folding mechanism in the environment of coupling of a railway vehicle coupler, and the above technical solutions will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, in order to solve the technical problem of how to improve the efficiency of adjusting the coupler buffer and the coupling device in the coupler coupling process, the present embodiment provides a railway vehicle, where the railway vehicle includes a vehicle body and a coupler, the coupler is connected to the vehicle body, and the connection manner of the coupler is a known technique of a person skilled in the art, so that details of the present embodiment are not described herein, the coupler includes a folding mechanism 1, the folding mechanism 1 includes a first rotating member 100, a second rotating member 200, and a locking unit 300, and the first rotating member 100 and the second rotating member 200 rotate relative to each other to fold the folding mechanism 1, so that the coupler is a folding coupler, where:

the first rotating member 100 has a locking groove, which is located at one end of the first rotating member 100, and the locking groove may be a groove or a through groove, and those skilled in the art can determine the position of the locking groove according to the actual requirement for the relative position when the first rotating member 100 and the second rotating member 200 are locked; specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first rotating member 100 is a damper of a coupler, and a locking groove is located at one end of the damper, as seen in fig. 2 and 3, the damper has a rotating ring 110, the rotating ring 110 is located at one end of the damper for being rotatably connected to the second rotating member 200, the locking groove is located on the rotating ring 110, the locking groove is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the rotating ring 110, and when the relative position is aligned when the damper and the second rotating member 200 are required to be locked, the locking groove is located at the farthest end of the damper;

one end of the second rotating member 200 is hinged to one end of the first rotating member 100 to realize relative rotation; specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the second rotating member 200 is a coupling device, one end of the coupling device is hinged to one end of the buffer to realize relative rotation, as can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the coupling device has two open slots and two through holes, the open slots are located at one end of the coupling device, the open slots are sleeved outside the rotating ring 110, the two through holes are respectively located at two sides of the open slots, and the through holes are coaxial with the rotating ring 110, so as to ensure that the coupling device and the buffer rotate relatively around the same axis, and at this time, the coupling device and the buffer can be hinged only by sleeving a pin shaft in the through holes and the rotating ring 110;

the locking unit 300 is fixed on the second rotating member 200, the locking unit 300 includes a first locking piece 310 and a first elastic piece 320, the first locking piece 310 is hinged with the second rotating member 200 to rotate relative to the second rotating member 200, the first locking piece 310 is in fit connection with the locking groove of the first rotating member 100 to restrict (or lock) the relative rotation between the second rotating member 200 and the first rotating member 100, one end of the first elastic piece 320 is fixed on the second rotating member 200, the other end of the first elastic piece 320 is in fixed connection with the first locking piece 310 to stabilize the fit relation between the first locking piece 310 and the locking groove, wherein when the first locking piece 310 rotates against the elastic force of the first elastic piece 320 and is separated from the locking groove, the relative rotation between the first rotating member 100 and the second rotating member 200 is unlocked; specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first locking member 310 includes a locking block 311, a first pulling block 312 and a second pulling block 313, one end of the locking block 311 is connected to the locking groove in a matching manner, as can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, one end of the locking block 311 is sleeved inside the locking groove, the other end of the locking block 311 is hinged to the buffer, one end of the first pulling block 312 is fixedly connected to the locking block 311 to rotate synchronously with the locking block 311, the fixed connection may be that the first pulling block 312 is directly fixed to the locking block 311, or the first pulling block 312 and the locking block 311 are both fixed to the same rotating shaft, the other end of the first pulling block 312 is fixedly connected to the first elastic member 320, the first elastic member 320 is preferably a spring, the first elastic members 320 are two, the two first elastic members 320 are parallel and spaced, one end of the second pulling block 313 is fixedly connected to the locking block 311 or the first pulling block 312, the other end of the second pulling block 313 is fixedly connected with a pulling part 400, the pulling part 400 can be a pulling rope (or a pulling rod), when the pulling rope is pulled, the second pulling block 313 rotates and drives the locking block 311 to synchronously rotate, the locking block 311 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic part 320 to rotate until the locking block 311 is separated from the locking groove, and the relative rotation between the buffer and the coupling device is unlocked;

based on the above, the invention has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

in the embodiment described in the present application, the locking groove is disposed in the first rotating member, and the locking unit 300 is connected to the second rotating member 200, when the first rotating member 100 and the second rotating member 200 rotate relatively and are in proper positions, the first locking member 310 rotates relatively to the second rotating member 200 and is in fit connection with the locking groove under the elastic force of the first elastic member 320, so that under the condition of no human intervention, automatic constraint on the relative rotation between the first rotating member 100 and the second rotating member 200 is achieved, and further, compared with the background art, when the folding mechanism 1 is applied to coupler coupling, there is no need to manually adjust the relative positions of the buffer and the coupling device, thereby solving the technical problem of how to improve the efficiency of adjusting the buffer and the coupling device in the coupler coupling process, and further improving the coupler coupling efficiency.

In order to realize automatic locking after swinging of the coupler, with continuing reference to fig. 1 to 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the railway vehicle further includes a locking mechanism 2 and a hook body fixing rod 3, the locking mechanism 2 is fixed to the vehicle body, the locking mechanism 2 includes a supporting base 500, a hook body 600, a second locking member 700 and a second elastic member 800, wherein the supporting base 500 is fixed to the vehicle body (for example, by bolting) to support other components of the locking mechanism 2, the hook body 600 is fixed to the supporting base, the second locking member 700 is hinged to the hook body 600 to rotate relative to the hook body 600, the second elastic member 800 is preferably a spring, one end of the second elastic member 800 is fixed to the hook body 600, the other end of the second elastic member 800 is fixed to the second locking member 700 to limit rotation of the second locking member 700 relative to the hook body 600, the locking mechanism 2 has a locking space, the locking space is formed by coupler body 600 and second locking piece 700, the locking space is used for joint coupler body dead lever 3, with locking coupler body dead lever 3, coupler body dead lever 3 is fixed in on the device of linking, coupler body dead lever 3 corresponds the setting with second locking piece 700 and locking space, after coupler body dead lever 3 and second locking piece 700 contact, coupler body dead lever 3 promotes second locking piece 700 and overcomes second elastic component 800 and rotates, until 3 joints of coupler body dead lever to the inside in locking space, thereby realize the automatic locking to 3 movements of coupler body dead lever, and then realized the automatic locking after the coupling swing.

In order to realize quick unlocking of the hook fixing rod 3, with continued reference to fig. 4 to 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the locking mechanism 2 further includes an unlocking rod 900, and one end of the unlocking rod 900 is fixed to the second locking member 700, wherein after the unlocking rod 900 is pulled, the second locking member 700 rotates against the second elastic member 800 until the locking space is opened to release the movement restriction of the hook fixing rod 2. In addition, a guide slope is provided on the second locker 700 to assist automatic folding.

For a more clear description of the invention, the relative positions of the damper and the coupling device and the operation of the automatic locking after the swinging of the coupler are described in the present application by taking the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 6 as an example:

when the coupling device and the buffer are not in proper positions, the locking block 311 is not in the locking groove on the rotating ring 110 of the coupler buffer, the coupling device can rotate relative to the buffer, when the coupling device gradually rotates to the corresponding position relative to the buffer, the locking block 311 rotates to the right along the rotating shaft under the pushing action of the rotating ring 110, because the first pulling block 312 is also fixed on the rotating shaft, the first pulling block 312 also rotates to the right, thereby stretching the first elastic element 320, when the coupling device and the buffer are in a line, the locking block 311 just moves to the locking groove position, at this moment, the locking block 311 loses the pushing force of the rotating ring 110, under the pulling action of the first elastic element 320, the first pulling block 312 rotates to drive the locking block 311 to rotate, thereby the locking block 311 moves to the inside of the locking groove, thereby locking the buffer and the coupling device, and ensuring that the two are maintained in proper positions, can not shift randomly;

when the lock needs to be released, the pull rope is pulled manually, under the action of the pull rope, the first pull block 312 rotates rightwards, the first elastic piece 320 is stretched, meanwhile, the locking block 312 is driven to rotate together, and when the locking block 312 leaves the locking groove of the buffer, the coupling device can rotate relative to the buffer to realize unlocking;

when the coupler body fixing rod 3 on the coupler coupling device rotates to the locking mechanism 2 along with the coupler, the coupler body fixing rod 3 can extrude the second locking piece 700, so that the second locking piece 700 overcomes the pulling force of the second elastic piece 800 and rotates around a rotating shaft, when the coupler moves to a limit position, the coupler body fixing rod 3 can enter a locking space, at the moment, the second locking piece 700 loses the extrusion of the coupler body fixing rod 3, under the action of the pulling force of the second elastic piece 800, the second locking piece 700 returns to the original position, so that the coupler body fixing rod 3 is locked in the locking space formed by the second locking piece 700 and the coupler body 600, and due to the action of the second elastic piece 800, the coupler body fixing rod 3 cannot break loose, and the automatic locking function is realized;

when the locking needs to be released, the unlocking rod 900 is pressed to overcome the pulling force of the second elastic piece 800, so that the second locking piece 700 rotates around the rotating shaft, the locking space is gradually enlarged, when the diameter of the locking space is enlarged to be the same as that of the hook body fixing rod 3, the hook body fixing rod 3 can be separated from the locking mechanism 2, and the unlocking of the coupling device is realized.