阅读说明：本技术 一种无机砂的生产方法 (Production method of inorganic sand ) 是由 孙华擎 李玉成 吴东红 孙晋玉 于 2019-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于人造砂生产技术领域,公开了一种无机砂的生产方法,其包括如下步骤：步骤1)尾矿组分分析和配料,步骤2)制备胚料颗粒,步骤3)蒸压养护,步骤4)、颗粒冷却。本发明以工业固废为主要原料,通过组分分析和配方调节形成类似天然砂的配方工艺,通过高压喷塑成型控制砂砾尺寸及形貌,再通过蒸压养护获得人工合成的无机砂产品。本发明生产过程无废料排放,无污染；资源化利用固体废弃物制备性能优异的无机砂,为社会提供优质建筑用沙的同时,解决了尾矿环境危害问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial sand production, and discloses a production method of inorganic sand, which comprises the following steps: step 1) analyzing and batching tailings components, step 2) preparing blank particles, step 3) performing autoclaved curing, step 4) and cooling the particles. The invention takes industrial solid wastes as main raw materials, forms a formula process similar to natural sand through component analysis and formula adjustment, controls the size and the shape of gravel through high-pressure plastic spraying forming, and obtains an artificially synthesized inorganic sand product through autoclaved curing. The production process of the invention has no waste discharge and no pollution; the inorganic sand with excellent performance is prepared by utilizing the solid wastes as resources, so that the problem of environmental hazard of tailings is solved while high-quality building sand is provided for the society.)

1. A method for producing inorganic sand, comprising the steps of: step 1) analyzing and batching tailings components, step 2) preparing blank particles, step 3) performing autoclaved curing, step 4) and cooling the particles.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

step 1) analyzing and batching tailings components:

the main raw material is one or a mixture of more than two of iron ore tailings, copper ore tailings and steel slag; selecting one or more than two of blast furnace slag, gypsum ore tailings, fluorite ore tailings and lime as auxiliary materials according to the components of the main raw materials, adding the auxiliary materials into the main raw materials, and adjusting the molar ratio to Ca: Si: O =1:0.8-1.5: 3-6; then adding one or more of kaolin, magnesia and clay as an auxiliary agent, and uniformly stirring;

step 2) preparing blank particles:

mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1) with a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 3-10% according to the mass ratio of 1:1-5 to obtain slurry; pumping the slurry into a high-pressure material spraying granulator, spraying and granulating, and drying to obtain blank particles;

step 3), steam pressure curing: feeding the particle blank formed in the step 2) into an autoclaved curing tunnel kiln, and curing for 12-24 hours at the temperature of 120-;

step 4), cooling the particles:

and (3) allowing the granules subjected to the autoclaved curing in the step 3) to pass through a cooling pipeline, walking in the pipeline, continuously curing and gradually cooling to a room temperature state to obtain an inorganic sand finished product.

3. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that the main raw material is iron ore tailings with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary material is blast furnace slag with the fineness of 315 meshes of 200-; kaolin is selected as the auxiliary agent; uniformly mixing the iron ore tailings, the blast furnace slag and the kaolin according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1 for later use.

4. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that the main raw material is copper ore tailings with the fineness of 200-; the auxiliary material is gypsum mine tailings with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary agent is magnesite; uniformly mixing the copper ore tailings, the gypsum ore tailings and the magnesia according to the mass ratio of 7:3:1 for later use.

5. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the main raw material is steel slag with a fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary material is lime with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the assistant is clay; uniformly mixing the steel slag, the lime and the clay according to the mass ratio of 6:2:1 for later use.

6. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the step 2), the aqueous solution of sodium silicate is adopted for preparing the slurry, and the mixed material in the step 1) is gradually added while stirring; after the materials are added to reach the corresponding proportion, pumping the slurry into a high-pressure material spraying granulator for spraying granulation; by adjusting the aperture of the material spraying port of the material spraying granulator, particles with different shapes and sizes can be obtained; drying the granules by hot air until the water content is about 5-15% to obtain granule blanks.

7. The production method according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 3-10%.

8. Inorganic sand obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial sand production, and particularly relates to a production method of artificially manufactured inorganic sand.

Background

For a long time, the main source of the sandstone aggregate is riverway sandstone, and along with the increasing acceleration of infrastructure construction, the sandstone resource exhaustion, water source pollution, river bank safety and other various resource, ecological and social problems are caused by natural riverway sand extraction. Meanwhile, capital construction is an important national development gripper, and the sandstone aggregate industry is beneficiary; the market sales of nearly 180 hundred million tons per year has established the status of the first large mineral species of sand. Since 2018, the national sandstone market is in high demand, the market prices in various regions are continuously increased, and the river sand price firstly breaks through 150 yuan/ton. Along with the spreading of 'sand barren', various places and even national levels find a way for filling up building sand gaps, and machine-made sand is produced at the same time. At present, most of machine-made sand appearing in the market is obtained by crushing large stone materials/mine waste stones step by step, and the strength of the machine-made sand is reduced due to the fact that uneven stress is difficult to avoid in the external crushing process; thus, the overall performance of the machine-made sand is not as good as the natural sand; in the crushing process, stone powder mud is inevitably generated, and certain influence is exerted on cement mixing.

CN108752028A discloses a preparation method of tuff tailing ore-made sand, which comprises the following components by mass percent: 9-15 parts of silicon carbide, 5-10 parts of lutetium oxide, 3-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of acetate, 4-9 parts of kaolin, 3-10 parts of strontium aluminate, 2-6 parts of water glass, 5-7 parts of graphene, 4-8 parts of kaolin, 6-9 parts of tuff powder, 4-8 parts of borax, 6-9 parts of molybdenum dioxide, 3-10 parts of feldspar, 7-9 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-8 parts of strontium aluminate, 2-6 parts of gypsum, 6-10 parts of boron nitride, 1-5 parts of an active catalyst, 1-3 parts of epoxy resin, 8-13 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 11-13 parts of cordierite, 9-14 parts of zirconium oxide, 7-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-8 parts of pottery clay and 1-3 parts of flint.

CN108726926A discloses a method for producing ground polymerized cement mortar from red mud and bauxite tailings, which comprises the following steps: bayer process red mud, sintering process red mud; bauxite tailings; slag powder, sand, caustic alkali and silicon powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding caustic alkali into Bayer process red mud, sintering process red mud and bauxite beneficiation tailings, and placing the mixture into a ball mill to prepare a ball grinding material; modifying the ball-milled material in a medium-temperature kiln to obtain a modified material; adding steel slag powder and silicon powder into the modified material to prepare a mixture; putting the mixture into a ball mill to prepare red mud and polymer cement of bauxite beneficiation tailings; the polymer cement mortar and the sand are uniformly mixed, water is added, stirring and grouting are carried out, the polymer cement mortar has a wide flowing range, and a hardened slurry is formed at room temperature.

The patent technology adopts a large amount of inorganic raw materials, resin and the like, or the raw materials have complex components and higher cost, and are not suitable for popularization and use in buildings.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inorganic sand disclosed by the invention takes industrial solid waste (fine tailings) as a main raw material, a formula process similar to natural sand is formed through component analysis and formula adjustment, the size and the shape of gravel are controlled through high-pressure plastic spraying forming, and an artificially synthesized inorganic sand product is obtained through autoclaved curing. The production process of the invention has no waste discharge and no pollution; the inorganic sand with excellent performance is prepared by utilizing the solid wastes as resources, so that the problem of environmental hazard of tailings is solved while high-quality building sand is provided for the society.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A method for producing inorganic sand, comprising the steps of: step 1) analyzing and batching tailings components, step 2) preparing blank particles, step 3) performing autoclaved curing, step 4) and cooling the particles.

Specifically, the production method comprises the following steps:

step 1) analyzing and batching tailings components:

the main raw material is one or a mixture of more than two of iron ore fine tailings, copper ore tailings and steel slag; selecting one or a mixture of more than two of blast furnace slag, gypsum mine tailings, fluorite mine tailings and lime as auxiliary materials according to the main raw material components; adjusting the molar ratio of the main raw materials to Ca: Si: O =1:0.8-1.5:3-6 by using auxiliary materials; then adding one or more of kaolin, magnesia and clay as an auxiliary agent, and uniformly stirring;

step 2) preparing blank particles:

mixing the mixed material obtained in the step 1) with a sodium silicate solution with the concentration of 3-10% according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-5; mixing into slurry; pumping the slurry into a high-pressure material spraying granulator, spraying and granulating, and drying to obtain blank particles;

step 3), steam pressure curing: feeding the particle blank formed in the step 2 into an autoclaved curing tunnel kiln, and curing for 12-24 hours at the temperature of 120-;

step 4), cooling the particles:

and (3) allowing the granules subjected to the autoclaved curing in the step 3) to pass through a cooling pipeline, walking in the pipeline, continuously curing and gradually cooling to a room temperature state to obtain an inorganic sand finished product.

Preferably, the main raw material is iron ore tailings with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary material is blast furnace slag with the fineness of 315 meshes of 200-; kaolin is selected as the auxiliary agent; uniformly mixing the iron ore tailings, the blast furnace slag and the kaolin according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1 for later use.

Preferably, the main raw material is copper ore tailings with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary material is gypsum mine tailings with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary agent is magnesite; uniformly mixing the copper ore tailings, the gypsum ore tailings and the magnesia according to the mass ratio of 7:3:1 for later use.

Preferably, the main raw material is steel slag with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the auxiliary material is lime with the fineness of 200-315 meshes; the assistant is clay; uniformly mixing the steel slag, the lime and the clay according to the mass ratio of 6:2:1 for later use.

Preferably, in the step 2), when the slurry is prepared, sodium silicate aqueous solution is adopted, and the mixed material obtained in the step 1) is gradually added while stirring; after the materials are added to reach the corresponding proportion, pumping the slurry into a high-pressure material spraying granulator for spraying granulation; by adjusting the aperture of the material spraying port of the material spraying granulator, particles with different shapes and sizes can be obtained; drying the particles by hot air until the water content is about 5-15% to obtain particle blanks;

preferably, the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 3-10%.

Compared with the prior art, the effects of the invention mainly include, but are not limited to, the following aspects:

the invention adopts fine tailings as main raw materials, and according to the components, a small amount of inorganic auxiliary agent is added to form an inorganic gel formula through the mutual matching of various tailings; high-pressure plastic spraying molding is adopted, and then steam curing is carried out, and the inorganic sand is synthesized by the idea of small → large, and is called as inorganic sand;

the inorganic sand synthesized by the invention is a pure inorganic gel synthetic material, and does not need to be damaged in the synthesis process, the sand particles are similar to natural shapes, the strength is not damaged by external force, and the size can be adjusted according to the requirement; the fine tailings are recycled, and meanwhile, a high-quality inorganic sand product is provided for the construction industry, so that the environmental protection benefit and the economic benefit are very considerable;

the inorganic aggregate (sand) prepared by the method is produced according to an inorganic gel mechanism, industrial solid waste resource utilization is used as a key point, no organic adhesive is required to be added in the whole process, no volatile gas is generated in the production process, and the method is environment-friendly and pollution-free;

the aggregate sand prepared by the invention is scientifically proportioned in size and shape to form aggregate particles with different shapes and different specifications; indexes such as firmness, strength and water absorption of the product reach/are superior to I-type indexes required by relevant standard sand for construction (GB/T14684-2011); in the process of artificial synthesis preparation, no pug/pug is generated, and no tablets are needed to be filled with particles.

Detailed Description

Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the products and methods of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations and modifications, or appropriate alterations and combinations, of the products and methods described herein may be made and utilized without departing from the spirit, scope, and spirit of the invention. For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples.