阅读说明：本技术 变配重升船机及其使用方法 (Variable-counterweight ship lift and using method thereof ) 是由 曹以南 曹威伦 于 2019-11-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种变配重升船机及其使用方法,本发明所述的平衡重设置为体积可调。本发明该平衡重其中一种结构为,包括第一腔体和第二腔体,所述的第一腔体和第二腔体为套接设置；第一腔体和第二腔体连接处设置有密封件；第一腔体和第二腔体套接处构成可压缩空间；在第一腔体内部固定设置有液压缸,该液压缸的活塞杆与第二腔体的内壁固定连接；液压缸的活塞杆往复运动改变可压缩空间的大小。本发明结构巧妙,变配重升船机由于在运行过程中不耗水,无需充泄水系统及相关设备即可完成船舶的抬升或下降目的,效率十分显著；同时本发明运行操作简单,运行安全性十分显著。(The invention relates to a variable counterweight ship lift and a using method thereof. One structure of the counterweight disclosed by the invention is that the counterweight comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are sleeved; a sealing element is arranged at the joint of the first cavity and the second cavity; the sleeve joint of the first cavity and the second cavity forms a compressible space; a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the first cavity, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second cavity; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates to change the size of the compressible space. The variable-counterweight ship lift is ingenious in structure, and the lifting or lowering of a ship can be completed without a water filling and draining system and related equipment due to no water consumption in the operation process of the variable-counterweight ship lift, so that the efficiency is very obvious; meanwhile, the invention has simple operation and very obvious operation safety.)

1. A variable-counterweight ship lift comprising a counterweight (3), characterized in that said counterweight (3) is arranged to be adjustable in volume.

2. The variable-counterweight ship lift of claim 1, wherein the counterweight structure is comprised of a first cavity (8) and a second cavity (9); the first cavity (8) and the second cavity (9) are sleeved; a sealing element (10) is arranged at the joint of the first cavity (8) and the second cavity (9); the sleeving part of the first cavity (8) and the second cavity (9) comprises a compressible space (11); a hydraulic cylinder (14) is fixedly arranged in the first cavity (8), and a piston rod (15) of the hydraulic cylinder (14) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second cavity (9); the piston rod (15) of the hydraulic cylinder (14) reciprocates to change the size of the compressible space (11).

3. A variable-counterweight ship lift according to claim 2, characterized in that vacuum breaking means are provided, which vacuum breaking means are connected to the compressible space (11).

4. A variable-counterweight ship lift according to claim 3, characterized in that said vacuum breaking means is a vacuum breaker (12).

5. The variable-counterweight ship lift according to claim 3, wherein the vacuum breaking device is structured such that a through hole (13) is provided on the wall of the second cavity (9), the compressible space (11) is connected with the through hole (13) through a pipeline, and a control switch is provided on the pipeline.

6. The variable-counterweight ship lift of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a support structure (1), a ship reception chamber (2), a counterweight (3) and a lifting device; the two support structures (1) are symmetrically arranged, each support structure (1) comprises a horizontal support part (5) and a vertical support part (6), the two vertical support parts (6) are vertically arranged in parallel with the ground, and the horizontal support part (5) is arranged on the outer side of the lower bottom of the vertical support part (6); the ship reception chambers (2) are arranged in the two support structures (1); the lifting device comprises a transmission mechanism (7), a connecting rope and a container; the transmission mechanism (7) is arranged at the top of the vertical supporting part (6), the container is fixedly arranged on the horizontal supporting part (5), and the balance weight (3) is arranged in the container; the side wall of the ship reception chamber (2), the transmission mechanism (7) and the container are fixedly connected through a connecting rope.

7. The variable-counterweight ship lift of claim 6, characterized in that the counterweight (3) is provided in a cylindrical or rectangular shape; the corresponding container is arranged into a hollow cylinder or a rectangular body.

8. The variable-counterweight ship lift according to claim 6, wherein the container in the lifting device is a vertical shaft (4), guide wheel brackets (14) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical shaft (4), and guide pulleys (13) are arranged between the guide wheel brackets (14); the balance weight (3) is connected with the guide pulley (13), the transmission mechanism (7) and the ship reception chamber (2) in sequence through a connecting rope.

9. A variable-counterweight ship lift according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmission mechanism (7) is a fixed pulley group or a winding drum.

10. The variable-counterweight ship lift of claim 6, wherein said lifting devices are symmetrically arranged and are arranged in a group and more than one group.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of water transportation and navigation, and particularly relates to a variable-counterweight ship lift structure and a use method thereof.

Background

A ship lift is a 'navigation building' which is arranged for a ship to pass through a concentrated water head on a channel. The basic technical principle of the variable-counterweight ship lift is that a vertical shaft is filled with water, a counterweight is submerged in the water of the vertical shaft, and the gravity of the counterweight is changed by changing the volume of the counterweight in the water body, namely increasing or reducing the buoyancy of the counterweight, so that the driving force for driving a ship bearing chamber to ascend or descend is obtained, and the ship lift is operated. Traditional ship lift power consumption is huge: the full-balanced ship lift needs to consume the weight x (2-5%) of a ship-bearing chamber x the full stroke energy of the ship lift in the lifting and descending processes; the hydraulic ship lift needs to consume tens of thousands of power generation water in the running process, the longer the stroke of the ship lift is, the larger the consumed power generation water quantity is, the higher the power generation head of a hydropower station is, and the larger the electric quantity loss generated by water consumption of the ship lift is.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to avoid the defects of the prior art and provide the variable counterweight ship lift which does not consume water, has relatively low failure rate and relatively low power consumption, thereby effectively solving the problems of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention relates to a variable counterweight ship lift, which is provided with an adjustable counterweight.

The counterweight structure comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are sleeved; a sealing element is arranged at the joint of the first cavity and the second cavity; the sleeving part of the first cavity and the second cavity comprises a compressible space; a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the first cavity, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second cavity; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates to change the size of the compressible space.

The first cavity and the second cavity are both arranged longitudinally after being arranged transversely.

Further, the invention is provided with a vacuum breaking device which is connected with the compressible space.

Further, the vacuum breaking device is a vacuum breaker.

Further, the vacuum breaking device is structurally characterized in that a through hole is formed in the wall of the second cavity, the compressible space is connected with the through hole through a pipeline, and a control switch is arranged on the pipeline.

Further, the ship lift of the invention comprises a supporting structure, a ship receiving chamber, a balance weight and a lifting device; the two support structures are symmetrically arranged, each support structure comprises a horizontal support part and a vertical support part, the two vertical support parts are vertically arranged in parallel with the ground, and the horizontal support part is arranged on the outer side of the lower bottom of the vertical support part; the ship reception chambers are arranged in the two support structures; the lifting device comprises a transmission mechanism, a connecting rope and a container; the transmission mechanism is arranged at the top of the vertical supporting part, the container is fixedly arranged on the horizontal supporting part, and the balance weight is arranged in the container; the side wall of the ship reception chamber, the transmission mechanism and the container are fixedly connected through a connecting rope.

Furthermore, the balance weight is arranged into a cylinder or a rectangular body; the corresponding container is arranged into a hollow cylinder or a rectangular body.

Furthermore, the container in the lifting device is a vertical shaft, guide wheel brackets are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical shaft, and guide pulleys are arranged between the guide wheel brackets; the balance weight is connected with the guide pulley, the transmission mechanism and the ship receiving chamber in sequence through the connecting rope.

Furthermore, the transmission mechanism is a fixed pulley block or a winding drum.

Furthermore, the lifting devices are symmetrically arranged, and the number of the lifting devices is set to be one group or more. The lifting device is arranged according to the size of the ship to be lifted.

The method of using the variable counterweight ship lift comprises the steps of filling water into a container of a lifting device; when the ship reception chamber needs to be lifted, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to work, the piston rod drives the second cavity to approach the first cavity, at the moment, the space in the compressible space is compressed, the overall volume of the balance weight is reduced, the buoyancy is reduced, the pulling force on the ship reception chamber is increased, and the ship reception chamber is driven to move upwards;

when the ship reception chamber descends, the piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder drives the second cavity to be far away from the first cavity, the space in the compressible space is expanded at the moment, the integral volume of the counterweight is increased, the buoyancy is increased, the pulling force on the ship reception chamber is reduced, and the ship reception chamber moves downwards.

When the space in the compressible space is compressed to generate vacuum, the vacuum breaking device is started so as to achieve the purpose of breaking the vacuum.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

(1) compared with the traditional full-balanced ship lift

The invention only needs to consume a small amount of energy in the process of stretching the counterweight container, the stretching amount is generally 2-5% of the length direction size of the round container (or the rectangular container), and the frictional resistance for overcoming the lifting of the ship engine and the acceleration meeting the design requirement can be obtained.

(2) Compared with the novel hydraulic ship lift

The variable counterweight ship lift does not consume water in the operation process, so that a water charging and discharging system and related equipment are not needed; the arrangement elevation of the vertical shaft is not influenced by the water level at the downstream of the station, a single-rate fixed pulley lifting scheme can be adopted, the lifting capacity is doubled compared with that of a movable pulley scheme, the diameter of the vertical shaft and the size of a counterweight are greatly reduced, the steel consumption of a lifting system is saved, and the engineering investment can be saved by more than 30%. Meanwhile, the operation is simpler, and the operation safety is obviously improved.

(3) By separating counterweight from lifting device

The form of balanced weight can be diversified, but its characterized in that volume can change, and buoyancy change because the volume change brings can satisfy elevating gear's linkage lift to drive the lift of ship reception chamber. The structure of the lifting device can also be varied in the same way, and various combinations can be arranged according to the requirements.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of one embodiment of the balancing weight of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the ship lift of the present invention after the counterweight is extended;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the ship lift process after the contraction of the counterweight of the present invention.

In the figure: a support structure (1); a ship reception chamber (2); a counterweight (3); a shaft (4); a horizontal support portion (5); a vertical support portion (6); a transmission mechanism (7); the device comprises a first cavity (8), a second cavity (9), a sealing element (10), a compressible space (11), a vacuum breaker (12), a through hole (13), a hydraulic cylinder (14) and a piston rod (15).

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1. The invention relates to a variable-counterweight ship lift, wherein a counterweight 3 is arranged to be adjustable in volume.

Further, the counterweight structure comprises a first cavity 8 and a second cavity 9, wherein the first cavity 8 and the second cavity 9 are sleeved; a sealing element 10 is arranged at the joint of the first cavity 8 and the second cavity 9; the sleeved part of the first cavity 8 and the second cavity 9 comprises a compressible space 11; a hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixedly arranged in the first cavity 8, and a piston rod 15 of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second cavity 9; the piston rod 15 of the hydraulic cylinder 14 reciprocates to change the size of the compressible space 11.

The first cavity 8 and the second cavity 9 of the invention can be arranged longitudinally after being arranged transversely.

Further, the present invention is provided with vacuum breaking means, which are connected to the compressible space 11.

Further, the vacuum breaking device of the present invention is a vacuum breaker 12.

Further, the vacuum breaking device is structurally characterized in that a through hole 13 is formed in the wall of the second cavity 9, the compressible space 11 is connected with the through hole 13 through a pipeline, and a control switch is arranged on the pipeline.

As shown in fig. 2-3. Further, the ship lift of the present invention comprises a support structure 1, a ship receiving chamber 2, a balance weight 3 and a lifting device; the two support structures 1 are symmetrically arranged, each support structure 1 comprises a horizontal support part 5 and a vertical support part 6, the two vertical support parts 6 are vertically arranged in parallel with the ground, and the horizontal support part 5 is arranged on the outer side of the lower bottom of the vertical support part 6; the ship reception chambers 2 are arranged in the two support structures 1; the lifting device comprises a transmission mechanism 7, a connecting rope and a container; the transmission mechanism 7 is arranged at the top of the vertical supporting part 6, the container is fixedly arranged on the horizontal supporting part 5, and the balance weight 3 is arranged in the container; the side wall of the ship reception chamber 2, the transmission mechanism 7 and the container are fixedly connected through a connecting rope.

Further, the balance weight 3 is arranged into a cylinder or a rectangular body; the corresponding container is arranged into a hollow cylinder or a rectangular body.

Furthermore, the container in the lifting device is a vertical shaft 4, guide wheel brackets 14 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the vertical shaft 4, and guide pulleys 13 are arranged between the guide wheel brackets 14; the balance weight 3 is connected with the guide pulley 13, the transmission mechanism 7 and the ship reception chamber 2 in sequence through a connecting rope.

Furthermore, the transmission mechanism 7 is a fixed pulley block or a winding drum.

Furthermore, the lifting devices are symmetrically arranged, and the number of the lifting devices is set to be one group or more. The lifting device is arranged according to the size of the ship to be lifted.

The method of using the variable counterweight ship lift comprises the steps of filling water into a container of a lifting device; when the ship-carrying chamber needs to be lifted, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to work, the piston rod 15 drives the second cavity 9 to approach the first cavity 8, at the moment, the space in the compressible space 11 is compressed, the overall volume of the balance weight 3 is reduced, the buoyancy is reduced, the pulling force on the ship-carrying chamber is increased, and the ship-carrying chamber is driven to move upwards;

when the ship reception chamber needs to be lowered, the piston rod 15 of the control hydraulic cylinder drives the second cavity 9 to be far away from the first cavity 8, the space in the compressible space 11 is expanded, the whole volume of the balance weight 3 is increased, the buoyancy is increased, the pulling force on the ship reception chamber is reduced, and the ship reception chamber moves downwards.

When the space in the compressible space 11 is compressed to generate a vacuum, the vacuum breaking device is opened so as to achieve the purpose of breaking the vacuum.

The balance weight is designed to be adjustable in volume, and the buoyancy of the balance weight in a water body is increased or reduced by changing the volume of a cylinder or a rectangular body, so that the tension of the balance weight on a ship bearing chamber is changed, the balance between the balance weight and the weight of the ship bearing chamber is broken, the driving force for driving the ship bearing chamber to move up and down is obtained, and the ship lift is operated.

In the using process, the purpose of long-term use can be realized only by filling water into the container of the lifting device once. The ship reception chamber does not need to be filled with water or drained with water during the lifting operation process, and the water consumption is avoided. Only a small amount of water loss caused by evaporation or leakage needs to be supplemented in the long-term operation process.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.