阅读说明：本技术 光伏组件热压固化方法及热压固化所用的压制设备 (Hot-pressing curing method for photovoltaic module and pressing equipment for hot-pressing curing ) 是由 石磊 路百超 于 2019-10-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的目的是针对现有技术光伏组件的封装方法和封装设备封装光伏组件时当粘胶剂的粘度大时电池组件边角处易产生空腔,使得电池组件性能受到影响的不足,提供一种光伏组件热压固化所用的压制设备及光伏组件热压固化方法,采用如下光伏组件热压固化方法,完成真空加热加压步骤的层状件被移送至下腔二内,固化腔腔体闭合后,向上腔二内充入压缩气体,使柔性施压件压靠在光伏组件上表面对光伏组件加热施压进行固化,采用本发明方法和设备对光伏组件加热加压固化,在非真空状态下对上腔充入压缩气体,压缩气体自柔性施压件上方对柔性施压件施加正压,当光伏组件受压时粘胶剂发生缓慢移动,可以减少边部空腔,减少空穴产生。(The invention aims to provide a pressing device and a hot-pressing curing method of a photovoltaic module, aiming at the defects that when the viscosity of an adhesive is high, cavities are easily generated at the corners of the photovoltaic module when the photovoltaic module is packaged by the packaging method and the packaging device of the photovoltaic module in the prior art, so that the performance of the photovoltaic module is affected, the pressing device and the hot-pressing curing method of the photovoltaic module are provided, the laminated member which completes the vacuum heating and pressurizing step is transferred into a second lower cavity, after the cavity of a curing cavity is closed, compressed gas is filled into the second upper cavity, so that the flexible pressing member is pressed against the upper surface of the photovoltaic module to heat and pressurize the photovoltaic module for curing, the method and the device are adopted to heat, pressurize and cure the photovoltaic module, the compressed gas is filled into the upper cavity in a non-vacuum state, the compressed gas applies positive pressure to the flexible pressing member from the upper part of the flexible pressing member, and the, the edge cavity can be reduced, and the generation of cavities can be reduced.)

1. The method for curing the photovoltaic module by hot pressing is characterized in that a sealing cavity II serving as a curing cavity is divided into an upper cavity II and a lower cavity II which are mutually independent by a flexible pressing piece, the layered piece which completes the vacuum heating and pressurizing step is transferred into the lower cavity II, and after the cavity of the curing cavity is closed, compressed gas is filled into the upper cavity II, so that the flexible pressing piece is pressed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic module to heat and pressurize the photovoltaic module for curing.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the cavity is closed, the layered assembly is heated to the curing temperature of the adhesive material of the layered assembly, and then the compressed gas is filled into the second upper cavity to heat and pressurize the layered assembly.

3. The method for hot-pressing curing of a photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure of the gas filled into the second upper chamber is 0.01-0.1Mpa, the gas filling time is 4-40 minutes, and the pressure is applied for 5-15 minutes after the gas filling.

4. The method of thermocompressive curing of a photovoltaic module of claim 3 wherein the layered module is a photovoltaic module.

5. The method for curing a photovoltaic module by hot pressing according to claim 4, wherein the photovoltaic module is a roof tile module, the adhesive is PTU or POE, the curing temperature is 155 ℃ and 175 ℃, and the pressure is 0.03-0.1 MPa.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the peripheral edges of the laminate assembly are hermetically sealed before the curing by applying heat and pressure.

7. The pressing equipment for the hot-pressing curing of the photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising an upper box II and a lower box II, wherein the upper box II and the lower box II can be opened and closed under the driving of a driving device, a sealing cavity II is formed when the upper box II and the lower box II are closed, the upper box II and the lower box II are locked through a locking device, a flexible pressing piece II is fixedly arranged on the upper box II, the sealing cavity is divided into an upper cavity II and a lower cavity II which are independent by the flexible pressing piece II, the upper cavity II is communicated with an inflating device, a heating workbench II is arranged in the lower cavity II, the photovoltaic module is a layered module, and the flexible pressing piece II is a silica gel plate.

8. The pressing apparatus for thermal compression curing of photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, wherein the locking device comprises a second base body (661) and a pin (662), a first socket (663) is provided on the second upper case, a second socket (664) is provided at a position of the second base body corresponding to a position of the socket on the upper case, both the first socket and the second socket are horizontally provided, and the first socket and the second socket are connected by the pin.

9. The pressing apparatus for thermal compression curing of photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, wherein an inflation channel is provided on the second upper chamber, the inflator (650) is communicated with the inner cavity of the second upper chamber through the inflation channel, the inflation channel is communicated with the inflator (650) through a second inflation pipe (651), and an inflation valve (652) is provided on the second inflation pipe.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hot-press curing method of a photovoltaic module and pressing equipment used for the hot-press curing.

Background

The conventional packaging method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the photovoltaic component above the melting temperature of an adhesive layer, then carrying out vacuum hot pressing solidification at the solidification temperature of the adhesive layer, correspondingly, the equipment comprises two vacuum laminating machines which are arranged in front and back, each vacuum laminating machine comprises an upper box and a lower box, the upper box and the lower box are closed to form a sealed cavity, a flexible pressing piece is arranged in the sealed cavity, the flexible pressing piece divides the sealed cavity of the vacuum laminating machine into an upper vacuum chamber and a lower vacuum chamber, the upper vacuum chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, the lower vacuum chamber is used for placing the photovoltaic component, is communicated with a vacuum device and is vacuumized by the vacuum device. In order to remove bubbles in the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module is vacuumized by adopting a vacuumizing method in the laminating process and the curing process, but in the vacuumizing process, the temperature of the photovoltaic module reaches the melting temperature of an adhesive layer after hot pressing, so that when the photovoltaic module is subjected to vacuum low-temperature hot pressing, the adhesives at the edges and the corners are easy to flow to extrude the bubbles in the photovoltaic module, the adhesives between the layers of the photovoltaic module are locally reduced, and the reduced adhesives are not complemented due to high viscosity and poor fluidity of adhesives used by some photovoltaic modules, so that a local cavity part is formed, hollow bubbles are generated at the edges and the corners of the module, a foaming structure is formed, quality defects are caused, and the performance of the photovoltaic module is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hot-press curing method of a photovoltaic module and pressing equipment used for the hot-press curing, aiming at the defect that when the photovoltaic module is packaged by adopting the packaging method and the packaging equipment of the photovoltaic module in the prior art, cavities are easily generated at the corners of the photovoltaic module when the viscosity of an adhesive is high, so that the performance of the photovoltaic module is affected.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

according to the photovoltaic module hot-pressing curing method, a sealing cavity II serving as a curing cavity is divided into an upper cavity II and a lower cavity II which are mutually independent by a flexible pressing piece, the layered piece which is subjected to the vacuum heating and pressurizing step is transferred into the lower cavity II, and after the curing cavity is closed, compressed gas is filled into the upper cavity II, so that the flexible pressing piece is pressed against the upper surface of a photovoltaic module to heat and pressurize the photovoltaic module for curing;

after the cavity is closed, the layered assembly is heated to the curing temperature of the viscose material of the layered assembly, and then compressed gas is filled into the second upper cavity to heat and pressurize the layered assembly;

the pressure of the gas filled into the upper cavity II is 0.01-0.1Mpa, the gas filling time is 4-40 minutes, and the pressure is applied for 5-15 minutes after gas filling;

the layered assembly is a photovoltaic assembly;

the photovoltaic module is a roof tile module, the adhesive is PTU or POE, the curing temperature is 155-;

and sealing the peripheral edges of the laminated assembly in an airtight manner before heating, pressurizing and curing.

A pressing device for hot-pressing curing of a photovoltaic module comprises an upper box II and a lower box II, wherein a heating workbench II is arranged in the lower box II, the upper box II and the lower box II can be opened and closed under the driving of a driving device, a sealing cavity II is formed when the upper box II and the lower box II are closed, the upper box II and the lower box II are locked through a locking device, a flexible pressing piece II is fixedly arranged on the upper box II, the sealing cavity is divided into an upper cavity II and a lower cavity II which are independent by the flexible pressing piece II, the upper cavity II is communicated with an inflating device, the heating workbench II is arranged in the lower cavity II, the photovoltaic module is a layered module, and the flexible pressing piece II is a silica gel plate;

the locking device comprises a second base body (661) and a bolt (662), a first jack (663) is arranged on the second upper box, a second jack (664) is arranged at a position of the second base body, which corresponds to a position of the upper jack of the upper box, the first jack and the second jack are both horizontally arranged, and the first jack and the second jack are connected through the bolt;

an inflation channel is arranged on the upper box II, the inflation device (650) is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper cavity II through the inflation channel, the inflation channel is communicated with the inflation device (650) through an inflation pipeline II (651), and an inflation valve (652) is arranged on the inflation pipeline II. (ii) a

The assembly is a photovoltaic assembly.

The method and the equipment are adopted to heat, pressurize and solidify the photovoltaic component, the upper cavity is filled with compressed gas in a non-vacuum state, the compressed gas applies positive pressure to the flexible pressing piece from the upper part of the flexible pressing piece, the flexible pressing piece deforms and presses the upper surface of the photovoltaic component, and the photovoltaic component in a molten state is received at the moment, so that the adhesive moves slowly when the photovoltaic component is pressed, the residual gas remained in the photovoltaic component can be continuously extruded outwards, bubbles are further discharged, and the vacuum pumping is not performed in the process, so that the adhesive in the photovoltaic component only moves under the action of the extrusion force, and cannot be pumped out; after the gas is filled, a gas chamber is formed above the flexible pressing piece, so that the flexible pressing piece forms an air bag, the pressure applied on the flexible pressing piece is uniform, and a high-pressure area is not easily formed when the flexible pressing piece acts on the corners of the photovoltaic module, so that the corners of the photovoltaic module are not easily bent and deformed. The method of the invention gradually increases the pressure applied to the photovoltaic module, the fluidity of the viscose liquid is slowly reduced, and the colloid of the viscose material has the tendency of slowly diffusing towards the peripheral edge, thereby being beneficial to discharging bubbles which are not discharged from the edge in the vacuum lamination process, and meanwhile, the viscose material has large viscosity, is not easy to flow outwards, does not generate a glue-free area at the edge, and is not easy to generate bubbles at the edge.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a hot press of a pressing device for hot-pressing and curing a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a hot press of a pressing device for hot-pressing and curing a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connecting structure of an embodiment of a locking device of a hot press of a pressing device for hot-press curing of a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of the edge portion of a roof tile assembly encapsulated by the lamination process of the present invention without any voids in the edge portion caused by the absence of adhesive material;

fig. 5 is a photograph showing the state of the edge of the roof tile assembly encapsulated by the prior art lamination method, in which the edge adhesive material is missing to cause more voids, so that the adhesive material forms bubbles at the edge of the photovoltaic assembly.

Description of the reference numerals

610-upper box two 611-flexible pressing piece two 612-pressing frame two 613-clamp two 614-sealing ring two 615-upper box two 616-sealing cavity two 630-lower box two 631-heating workbench two 632-heating element 633-high-temperature cloth conveyor belt two 634-lower cavity two 650-inflating device 651-inflating pipeline two 653-inflating valve 660-locking device, 661-seat body two 662-plug pin 663-plug hole one 664-plug hole two 665-pull rod 666-buckle 667-threaded rod 668-lock catch 669-hook 680-driving device

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

as shown in fig. 1-3, the hot pressing curing pressing apparatus used in the present invention specifically includes an upper case two 610 and a lower case two 630, the upper case two is provided with a flexible pressing member two 611, the flexible pressing member two is sealed at a lower opening of the upper case two, in a preferred embodiment, a silicone plate is used as the flexible pressing member two, a pressing frame two 612 is disposed on two end surfaces of the upper case, the flexible pressing member two is located between an upper end surface of the pressing frame two and the upper case, the pressing frame two is fixedly connected with a case body of the upper case two through a clamp two 613 so as to fixedly dispose the silicone plate as the flexible pressing member two at the opening of the upper case two, a sealing ring two 614 is disposed on the lower end surface of the pressing frame two, a sealing cavity two serving as a curing cavity is formed by the sealing ring two when the upper case two and the lower case two are closed, the sealing cavity two is divided into an upper cavity two 615 and a lower cavity two 634 sealed and isolated from each other by the flexible pressing member, the inflation device 650 is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper chamber two through an inflation channel (not shown in the figure), the inflation channel is communicated with the inflation device 650 through an inflation pipeline two 651, an inflation valve 652 is arranged on the inflation pipeline two to control the inflation amount and the inflation time, a heating workbench two 631 is arranged in the lower chamber two 630, a heating element 632 is arranged in the heating workbench two, the heating element can be a hot oil pipe or an electric heater, or an electric heating plate, when the heating pipe is the hot oil pipe, the hot oil pipe is connected with a hot oil supply device, when the heating pipe is the electric heater or the electric heating plate, the electric heater or the electric heating plate and a power supply device are arranged on a frame of the lower chamber two, a transmission chain (not shown in the figure) is arranged around the heating workbench two and is driven by a chain drive device, and a high-temperature cloth transmission belt two 633 is. As shown in fig. 3, the locking device 660 may adopt a combination of an adjustable screw thread buckle and a hook, the adjustable screw thread buckle is generally arranged on the lower case two 630, a threaded rod 667 thereof is vertically arranged, a lock catch 668 thereof is positioned above, the hook is arranged on the upper case two 610, the position of the lock catch 668 is matched, a plurality of pairs of adjustable screw thread buckles 666 and hooks 665 are respectively arranged along the case body edges of the upper case two and the lower case two, and when the upper case two and the lower case two are closed, the upper case and the lower case are locked through the buckles 666 and the hooks 665. As shown in fig. 2, a locking device 660 with a structure can be further adopted, which comprises a second seat body 661 and a plug 662, wherein the lower end of the second seat body is fixedly connected with the second lower box, a first plug hole 663 is arranged on the second upper box, a second plug hole 664 is arranged at a position of the second seat body corresponding to the position of the first plug hole on the upper box, the first plug hole and the second plug hole are both horizontally arranged, the first plug hole and the second plug hole are connected through the plug, thereby the second upper box and the second lower box are fixedly connected through the second seat body and the plug, preferably, the first plug hole and the second plug hole are both wedge-shaped holes, the plug is a wedge-shaped pin, and the small end of the plug is used as an insertion end. For example, the locking device can also be designed into a hook and spring combined type, and comprises a hook part and a seat body two part, wherein a tension spring is arranged between the hook part and the seat body two part, the lower end of the seat body two part is rotatably connected with the lower box, and a hook platform is arranged on the upper box and connected with the hook.

The packaging of the photovoltaic module can be completed by adopting the following process, the battery module enters a vacuum laminating machine, the temperature of a heating plate is kept at the melting temperature of an adhesive layer, an upper box and a lower box are closed and then vacuumized, the adhesive layer of the photovoltaic module is heated to a melting state, in the process, the lower box is vacuumized, the vacuum degree reaches 100 +/-33 Pa and is kept for 5-7 minutes, then gas is filled into the upper box under the action of vacuum negative pressure to pressurize the photovoltaic module, the flexible pressurizing piece covers the battery module under the action of gas pressure and gradually coats the edge of the photovoltaic module, the adhesive tape attached to the edge of the photovoltaic module in advance is bent downwards under the downward pressure of the flexible pressurizing piece, the adhesive tape gradually seals the edge of the photovoltaic module, the inflation pressure is 0.04-0.1Mpa, and the pressurizing time is 5-12 minutes. In the process, as the viscose material for packaging the photovoltaic modules is heated to the melting temperature, the viscose material is in a melting state, the degree of crosslinking is relatively low, and the bubbles are easily extruded out of the modules under the action of vacuum environment and pressure, so that the bubbles among the photovoltaic modules are easily taken out. In the process of extruding the air bubbles, the edges of the air bubbles are gradually covered by the adhesive tape, so that the air bubbles can be prevented from entering the component layers again. After the vacuum heating and laminating are finished, the vacuum laminating machine is opened, the photovoltaic assembly is sent into the hot pressing machine, an upper box II and a lower box II of the hot pressing machine are closed, the upper box II and the lower box II are locked by a locking device, the photovoltaic assembly is continuously heated in the hot pressing machine to the curing temperature or above of the packaging material, namely the adhesive material, compressed air is filled into an upper cavity II, the pressure of the compressed air is determined according to the specific adhesive material and the assembly material, generally ranges from 0.01 to 0.1MPa, the optimal pressure ranges from 0.025 to 0.05MPa, the pressurizing speed is preferably controlled, the pressurizing is finished within 4 to 40 minutes, for example, within 5 to 15 minutes, positive pressure is applied to the photovoltaic assembly, and after the pressurizing is carried out for 5 to 15 minutes, the hot pressing machine is opened to finish hot pressing and curing.

In the process, the flexible pressing piece gradually covers the photovoltaic module under the action of compressed gas, the flexible pressing piece directly presses the photovoltaic module, after the upper cavity is filled with the compressed gas, the periphery of the flexible pressing piece is fixed by the pressing frame, so that the middle part of the flexible pressing piece bulges to form an air bag, the middle part of the flexible pressing piece firstly presses the middle part of the photovoltaic module and then gradually diffuses and presses the periphery of the photovoltaic module, therefore, bubbles in the photovoltaic module are pressed from the middle to the periphery to easily extrude the bubbles at the edge of the module, and as the internal temperature of the module rises, the curing is more complete, the density of an adhesive layer of the module is higher and higher, so that the external bubbles are not easily refilled into the adhesive layer, after the flexible pressing piece is completely contacted with the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module is pressed by adopting a positive pressure mode, and the photovoltaic module is prevented from being deformed due to the action of negative pressure under the action of vacuum negative pressure, therefore, the pressure is more even, especially the pressure at the edge is more even, the size selection range of the process pressure is larger, the flatness is better after the pressing and curing of the component, the positive pressure mode is adopted to apply pressure to the photovoltaic component, the technical problems that in the vacuum curing and pressurizing commonly adopted in the prior art, because the adhesive is good in adhesive connection degree at the curing temperature, the adhesive viscosity is larger, bubbles are not easy to discharge, and the edge local adhesive is reduced to generate a non-adhesive area, namely a cavity area, and a cavity is generated at the edge due to the fact that the adhesive liquid flows at the edge are easily vacuumized, and the foaming of the adhesive liquid is realized can be solved. In the method, the edge of the photovoltaic module is preferably sealed by the adhesive tape before heating and pressing, so that external bubbles are not easy to enter between the viscose of the photovoltaic module in the curing and pressing process, bubbles are effectively prevented from being generated, and the performance of the photovoltaic module is better. The method and the device are suitable for hot-pressing curing of layered assemblies made of multilayer materials such as photovoltaic assemblies, composite boards and the like. The adhesive is also suitable for products bonded by the existing common adhesives.