阅读说明：本技术 一种仰拱底鼓智能监测系统及监测方法 (Intelligent monitoring system and monitoring method for inverted arch heaving bottom ) 是由 洪习成 郑余朝 邸成 方钱宝 郑杰元 王建捷 林本涛 薛元 朱勇 郑伟 王芳 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种仰拱底鼓智能监测系统及监测方法,在每一个测量断面的仰拱填充里分布有相通的静力水准仪,每一个测量断面的静力水准仪都共同连接到连通水管,所述连通水管还连接到基准测量模块,所述连通水管与水箱相连通；每个静力水准仪的通气口都共同汇聚到连通气管,每个测量断面处都具有有源通传模块,所述有源通传模块用于为静力水准仪提供电力,同时实现数据无线通信及其数据接力通信。本发明在施工时即考虑后续会产生的仰拱底鼓问题,提前安装系统进行监测预防,减少因仰拱底鼓带来的损失,同时运用了新的采集方法和安装方式,本发明具有功能模块化、安装标准化、应用便捷化、采集智能化的特点。(The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring system and a monitoring method for inverted arch pucking, wherein communicated static level gauges are distributed in inverted arch filling of each measuring section, the static level gauges of each measuring section are connected to a communicated water pipe together, the communicated water pipe is also connected to a reference measuring module, and the communicated water pipe is communicated with a water tank; the air vents of the hydrostatic levels are jointly converged into the communicated air pipes, and each measuring section is provided with an active communication module which is used for providing power for the hydrostatic levels and realizing data wireless communication and data relay communication. The invention takes the problem of inverted arch bottom heave generated in the following process into consideration during construction, the system is installed in advance for monitoring and prevention, the loss caused by the inverted arch bottom heave is reduced, and meanwhile, a new acquisition method and an installation mode are applied.)

1. An intelligent monitoring system for inverted arch pucking is characterized in that communicated static level gauges (6) are distributed in inverted arch filling (15) of each measuring section, the static level gauges (6) of each measuring section are connected to a communicated water pipe (4) together, the communicated water pipe (4) is further connected to a reference measuring module, and the communicated water pipe (4) is communicated with a water tank (8); the air vent of every hydrostatic level (6) all assembles intercommunication trachea (5) jointly, and every measurement section department all is equipped with active biography module (3), active biography module (3) are used for providing electric power for hydrostatic level (6), realize data wireless communication and data relay communication thereof simultaneously.

2. An intelligent inverted arch drumhead monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that an automatic water replenishing tank (10) is provided, and the automatic water replenishing tank (10) is connected to the water tank (8) through a water replenishing pipe (9).

3. An intelligent inverted bottom drum monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the vent of each section-measuring static level gauge (6) is connected to the communication air pipe (5) through an automatic drying pipe (7).

4. The intelligent inverted arch bottom drum monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein every other distance reference measuring module is formed by connecting a first reference measuring module (1) and a second reference measuring module (2), and the first reference measuring module (1) and the second reference measuring module (2) have a certain height difference.

5. The intelligent inverted arch bottom drum monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an intelligent exhaust valve is arranged on the communication water pipe (4).

6. The monitoring method based on the monitoring system of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: pretreatment of

In the construction of inverted arch filling (15), an equipment installation slot hole is reserved and comprises observation point reserved holes (18), a second groove (20), a reference measurement module reserved hole (21) and a water tank reserved hole (22), wherein a first groove (19) for installing a cable, a communication water pipe (4) and a communication air pipe (5) is formed between each observation point reserved hole (18);

step 2: the monitoring system is installed according to the structure of claim 1, wherein the observation point preformed hole (18) is used for placing the static water level gauge (6), the second groove (20) is used for placing the water communicating pipe (4) and the air communicating pipe (5), the reference measuring module preformed hole (21) is used for placing the reference measuring module, and the water tank preformed hole (22) is used for placing the water tank (8);

and step 3: the water communication and the air pressure of each static force level gauge (6) are kept the same; each active communication module (3) carries out data wireless communication and data relay communication thereof and uploads the measured data to the acquisition control station;

and 4, step 4: and the acquisition and control station receives the measurement data of the active communication module (3), analyzes the measurement data and transmits the analyzed data to the terminal in a wired or wireless mode.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that a shock-sensing function is integrated in the hydrostatic level (6) to identify the environment in which the measurement data is acquired.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein every other distance of the reference measuring modules is formed by connecting a first reference measuring module (1) and a second reference measuring module (2), the first reference measuring module (1) and the second reference measuring module (2) have a certain height difference, and the measuring precision of the monitoring method is improved in a reference stacking mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tunnel inverted arch bottom heave monitoring and control, in particular to an inverted arch bottom heave intelligent monitoring system and a monitoring method.

Background

In recent years, with the great development of traffic construction, tunnel engineering passes through weak stratums and high-stress sections with bad addresses are increased, and various phenomena of collapse, water burst, bottom heave and large deformation often occur.

When inverted arch heaving occurs in the tunnel/tunnel, it is typically a post-mortem remedy; if the monitoring of the bad geological section is not in place, the tunnel floor after the second lining is cracked, and the tunnel floor has to be disassembled and replaced; in operation, the inverted arch bottom drum is serious, and the speed has to be reduced.

At present, the problem of tunnel inverted arch bottom heave is more outstanding and serious, and the reason is three: firstly, the specification requirement is not clear; Q/CR 9218 supple 2015 railway tunnel control and measurement technical regulation 4.2.3 tunnel bottom bulges are accommodated in the selected measurement project, on the premise that the special requirements of tunnel design and construction are met, and no direct hook is provided with unfavorable geology. Secondly, each party has insufficient importance; the tunnel inverted arch bottom bulge causes consequences, few cases exist on low-speed railways and in past, all parties consider the necessity not to be large, and the cost is not worth. Thirdly, the monitoring means is unscientific; for example, if a leveling instrument is used for manual monitoring, at least 4 monitoring personnel are needed, and monitoring points are easily damaged due to being buried on the floor; if automatic monitoring is adopted, the most applicable static level can not measure horizontal displacement due to the fact that the measuring range and the precision can not be obtained at the same time, and the construction process is complex in installation, easy to cause damage, high in maintenance difficulty, low in manufacturer enthusiasm and low in power.

The tunnel inverted arch bottom heave can bring serious influence, and a train running at high speed jolts and even derails; for example, in an illumination tunnel and a post service tunnel of a certain line in operation, due to the fact that the inverted arch is bulged at the bottom, the speed of a high-speed rail has to be reduced; in the construction process, a tunnel of a noble wire has to be rebuilt due to large deformation, and a ballastless track is changed into a ballasted track.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an inverted arch bottom heave intelligent monitoring system and a monitoring method, wherein the inverted arch bottom heave problem which can be generated in the subsequent process is considered during construction, the system is installed in advance for monitoring and prevention, the loss caused by the inverted arch bottom heave is reduced, and meanwhile, a new acquisition method and an installation mode are applied.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an inverted arch pucking intelligent monitoring system is characterized in that communicated static levels are distributed in inverted arch filling of each measuring section, the static levels of each measuring section are connected to a communicated water pipe together, the communicated water pipe is also connected to a reference measuring module, and the communicated water pipe is communicated with a water tank; the air vents of the static levels are jointly converged into the communicated air pipes, an active communication module is arranged at each measuring section and used for providing power for the static levels and achieving data wireless communication and data relay communication of the static levels.

Further, an automatic water replenishing tank is arranged and connected to the water tank through a water replenishing pipe.

Further, the vent of each hydrostatic level of the measurement section is connected to the communication air pipe through an automatic drying pipe.

Furthermore, the reference measuring modules at intervals are formed by connecting a first reference measuring module and a second reference measuring module, and the first reference measuring module and the second reference measuring module have a certain height difference.

Furthermore, an intelligent exhaust valve is arranged on the communication water pipe.

The monitoring method of the intelligent inverted arch bottom drum monitoring system comprises the following steps:

step 1: pretreatment of

In the inverted arch filling construction, an equipment installation slot hole is reserved and comprises observation point reserved holes, a first groove, a second groove, a reference measurement module reserved hole and a water tank reserved hole, wherein a second groove capable of laying a cable, a communicating water pipe and a communicating air pipe is arranged between every two observation point reserved holes;

step 2: the monitoring system is installed according to the structure of the monitoring system, wherein a static level gauge is placed in a preformed hole of an observation point, a communicating water pipe and a communicating air pipe are placed in a second groove, a reference measuring module is placed in a preformed hole of a reference measuring module, and a water tank is placed in a preformed hole of a water tank;

and step 3: keeping the water communication and the air pressure of each static force level gauge the same; each active communication module carries out data wireless communication and data relay communication thereof and uploads the measured data to the acquisition and control station;

and 4, step 4: and the acquisition and control station receives the measurement data of the active communication module, analyzes the measurement data and transmits the analyzed data to the terminal in a wired or wireless mode.

Furthermore, a vibration sensing function is integrated in the static level gauge to identify the acquisition environment of the measurement data.

Furthermore, an inclination angle measuring function is integrated in the static level gauge, and horizontal displacement is obtained through conversion.

Furthermore, the reference measuring modules at intervals are formed by connecting a first reference measuring module and a second reference measuring module, the first reference measuring module and the second reference measuring module have certain height difference, and the measuring precision of the monitoring method is improved in a reference overlapping mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the static level gauge with the inclination angle measuring function is adopted, so that not only can the inverted arch settlement be monitored, but also the angle change and the horizontal displacement of a monitoring point can be measured, and the uneven settlement can be confirmed and the supporting mode can be adjusted;

2) the static level gauge is integrated with a vibration sensing function, the monitored data environment is identified, and misjudgment caused by jumping of monitored data caused by vibration of passing vehicles in construction and operation can be effectively avoided;

3) the active communication module is adopted, so that the problems of power supply and data transmission of monitoring equipment are conveniently solved, and the application in special construction environments is facilitated;

4) the reference is overlapped and applied, so that the problem of reference introduction of the large-gradient long tunnel is effectively solved, and the method is powerful in whole-process monitoring of the whole tunnel;

5) the intelligent water replenishing device ensures that the monitoring equipment is installed along with the construction progress, does not need to worry about the problem that the monitoring cannot be carried out due to low water level, and avoids the influence on monitoring data during water replenishing;

6) the installation mode is innovated, the characteristics of engineering construction are combined, the portable pre-embedding mode is adopted, the requirements on installation personnel are greatly reduced, and the engineering applicability is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the intelligent monitoring system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tunnel measurement cross-section structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pretreatment well.

In the figure: a first reference measurement module 1; a second reference measurement module 2; an active pass-through module 3; a water pipe 4 is communicated; is communicated with an air pipe 5; a hydrostatic level 6; an automatic drying duct 7; a water tank 8; a water replenishing pipe 9; an automatic water replenishing tank 10; an arch wall lining 11; an arch wall steel frame 12; an inverted arch steel frame 13; an inverted arch lining 14; invert padding 15; a screed layer 16; a monolithic ballast bed 17; observation point prepared holes 18; a first trench 19; a second trench 20; a reference measurement module prepared hole 21; a tank reserve hole 22.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring system for inverted arch bottom heave, which is mainly used for monitoring inverted arch settlement after construction in tunnel construction and consists of a static level 6 (a 3D deformation monitoring module can also be adopted), an active communication module 3, a reference measuring module, a rear-end acquisition control station and a terminal. The monitoring system of the invention adopts a differential settlement measurement technology, a wireless communication technology, an inclined horizontal displacement algorithm and an automatic exhaust method, and through a stacked reference, the problem that the measurement range and the precision cannot be obtained simultaneously and the problem that the uneven settlement of the inverted arch cannot be monitored are solved well, and the monitoring system can adapt to the measurement of the tunnel bottom heave with various gradients.

Specifically, the monitoring system of the present invention has the following structure: communicated static level gauges 6 are distributed in the inverted arch filler 15 of each measuring section, the static level gauges 6 of each measuring section are connected to a communicated water pipe 4, the communicated water pipe 4 is also connected to a reference measuring module, and the communicated water pipe 4 is communicated with a water tank 8; the exhaust of each static level 6 is gathered to the communicating gas pipe 5 together, an active communication module 3 is arranged at each measuring section, and the active communication module 3 is used for providing power for the static level 6 and realizing data wireless communication and data relay communication thereof.

As optimization, an automatic water replenishing tank 10 is arranged, the automatic water replenishing tank 10 is connected to the water tank 8 through a water replenishing pipe 9, and the water quantity in the water tank 8 is ensured to be sufficient. The air outlet of each static level 6 for measuring the cross section is connected to the communicating air pipe 5 through the automatic drying pipe 7, and further the purpose of automatically drying the air of the static level 6 is achieved.

In order to solve the problem that the measuring range and the precision cannot be compatible, the reference measuring modules at intervals are formed by connecting a first reference measuring module 1 and a second reference measuring module 2, and the first reference measuring module 1 and the second reference measuring module 2 have certain height difference; the monitoring system can adapt to the measurement of the tunnel bottom bulges with various gradients in a standard superposition mode, the measurement range is large, and the measurement precision is high.

As optimization, an intelligent exhaust valve is arranged on the communicating water pipe 4, gas is automatically controlled to be exhausted, and it is guaranteed that no air exists in liquid in the whole monitoring system.

The monitoring system is adopted for measurement, and the monitoring device is firstly installed. When the inverted arch is drilled and filled 15, 2 circular holes are reserved close to the drilled and filled end, namely a reference measuring module reserved hole 21 and a water tank reserved hole 22, one circular hole is used for placing a water tank 8, the other circular hole is used for placing a reference measuring module, a second groove 20 is reserved between the two circular holes, the second groove 20 extends to a first groove 19 along the excavation direction along with the inverted arch drilling and filling 15, and an observation point reserved hole 18 is formed in the monitoring section. And a communication water pipe 4 and a communication air pipe 5 among the installed water tank 8, the reference measuring module and the static level 6 are arranged in the first groove 19. Then, the variation in the height difference between the observation point (static level 6) and the base point of operation (reference measuring module) is monitored.

Specifically, the monitoring method of the invention comprises the following steps:

step 1: pretreatment of

In the construction of the inverted arch filling 15, an equipment installation slot hole is reserved and comprises observation point reserved holes 18, a groove 20, a reference measurement module reserved hole 21 and a water tank reserved hole 22, wherein a first groove 19 for installing a cable, a communication water pipe 4 and a communication air pipe 5 is arranged between each observation point reserved hole 18;

step 2: the monitoring system is installed according to the structure of the monitoring system provided by the invention, wherein a static level gauge 6 is placed in an observation point preformed hole 18, a communicating water pipe 4 and a communicating air pipe 5 are placed in a second groove 20, a reference measuring module is placed in a reference measuring module preformed hole 21, and a water tank 8 is placed in a water tank preformed hole 22;

and step 3: the water communication and the air pressure of each static force level gauge 6 are kept the same; each active communication module 3 carries out data wireless communication and data relay communication thereof and uploads the measured data to the acquisition and control station;

and 4, step 4: the acquisition and control station receives the measurement data of the active communication module 3, analyzes the measurement data and transmits the analyzed data to the terminal in a wired or wireless mode.

By the monitoring method, not only can the inverted arch settlement be monitored, but also the angle change and the horizontal displacement of a monitoring point can be measured, and the uneven settlement can be confirmed and the supporting mode can be adjusted. In addition, the static level 6 can integrate a vibration sensing function to identify the acquisition environment of the measured data, so that misjudgment caused by the jumping of the monitored data caused by the vibration of the passing vehicles in construction and operation can be effectively avoided.