阅读说明：本技术 一种平板型初级永磁式横向磁通直线电机 (Flat-plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor ) 是由 付东山 伍小杰 徐衍亮 李小强 夏晨阳 于东升 廖志娟 徐志鹏 于 2019-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种平板型初级永磁式横向磁通直线电机,包括初级机构和次级机构,初级机构包括若干个结构相同的初级单元,每个初级单元包括n个U型初级导磁部件、n-1个电枢绕组和n-1个永磁体,n为大于1的整数；n个初级导磁部件顺序排成一行,n-1个永磁体间隔位于相邻的初级导磁部件之间,且永磁体将相邻的初级导磁部件的相邻齿连接起来,形成一个磁极,该磁极上缠绕一个电枢绕组；所有初级单元顺序排列；所述次级机构包括若干个错开依次交替排列的次级导磁部件,各次级导磁部件均包含轭部,以及与轭部连接的n个齿部,所有齿部的方向相同。此种结构可实现永磁体和绕组同时位于初级侧并且各相隔离解耦,电磁相互独立,次级侧结构简单可靠的优良特性。(The invention discloses a flat-plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor which comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit comprises n U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n-1 armature windings and n-1 permanent magnets, and n is an integer greater than 1; n primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, n-1 permanent magnets are positioned between adjacent primary magnetic conduction components at intervals, the permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and an armature winding is wound on the magnetic pole; all the primary units are arranged in sequence; the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conducting parts which are staggered and sequentially and alternately arranged, each secondary magnetic conducting part comprises a yoke part and n tooth parts connected with the yoke parts, and the directions of all the tooth parts are the same. The structure can realize the excellent characteristics that the permanent magnet and the winding are simultaneously positioned on the primary side and are isolated and decoupled, the electromagnetism is mutually independent, and the structure of the secondary side is simple and reliable.)

1. A flat primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor is characterized in that: the magnetic field generating device comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit comprises n U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n-1 armature windings and n-1 permanent magnets, and n is an integer greater than 1; the n primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, n-1 permanent magnets are positioned between the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components at intervals, the permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and an armature winding is wound on the magnetic pole; all the primary units are arranged in sequence;

the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conducting parts which are staggered and sequentially and alternately arranged, each secondary magnetic conducting part comprises a yoke part and n tooth parts connected with the yoke parts, and the directions of all the tooth parts are the same.

2. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the arrangement of the primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism is as follows: when the ith tooth of one secondary magnetic conduction component is aligned with one tooth of the ith primary magnetic conduction component in the primary unit in an end view, the ith tooth of the secondary magnetic conduction component adjacent to the secondary magnetic conduction component is aligned with the other tooth of the ith primary magnetic conduction component in the primary unit in an end view, and i is equal to 1,2, …, n.

3. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the primary units is integral multiple of the number of the motor phases.

4. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: when the number of the magnetic poles on a certain primary unit is more than 1, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets on the primary unit are opposite.

5. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: adjacent primary unit spacing l_sDistance l from secondary magnetic conduction component_pThe relation of (A) is as follows:

6. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary magnetic conduction part interval l_pWith the thickness τ of the secondary magnetically conductive member_pIs in the relationship of_p≥τ_p。

7. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the primary and secondary magnetic conductive parts are formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials.

8. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: in the linear motor, armature windings are connected in series or in parallel in primary units with the same phase.

9. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism are a fixed part and a moving part.

10. A flat primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to claim 1, wherein: the linear motor can be used as a generator and a motor.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor design, and particularly relates to a flat-plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor.

Background

When the linear motor drives the linear motion load, a conversion mechanism from rotation to linear motion of the rotating motor is omitted, so that the linear motor has the advantages of simple overall structure, high position precision, high response speed, low noise and the like. The efficiency of the whole system is improved. In recent years, with the wider application of linear driving, linear motors are becoming one of hot spots of research and development, and have been widely applied to the fields of military industry, aerospace, rail transit, electromagnetic catapulting, and the like.

The transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor has the advantages of being high in torque density, flexible in design, capable of decoupling electromagnetic load, convenient to control, good in low-speed characteristic and the like, the application field of the transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor is increasingly expanded, the transverse flux linear permanent magnet motor is particularly suitable for low-speed and high-power driving occasions, the length of a magnetic circuit is greatly shortened, the using amount and iron loss of ferromagnetic materials are reduced, the magnetic energy change rate is improved within a certain range, and further the output of the motor is improved. However, the permanent magnet motor has unstable structure because the permanent magnet and the winding are respectively positioned on the motor moving stator, and the permanent magnet is difficult to dissipate heat, thereby limiting the application in the field of high reliability.

In the stator permanent magnet type motor appearing in recent years, both permanent magnets and windings are arranged on the stator of the motor, and a rotor has no winding or permanent magnet. Therefore, the rotor has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure of the rotor, easy heat dissipation of the permanent magnet and the like. Among them, the flux switching permanent magnet motor has the highest power density. Research shows that although the motor has a certain fault-tolerant performance, the motor does not have magnetic isolation capacity between phases, so that the fault-tolerant capacity of the motor needs to be further improved. The defect of interphase coupling is overcome, and the research on the structure of the fault-tolerant flux switching permanent magnet motor becomes a research hotspot in related fields at home and abroad at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor which has the excellent characteristics that a permanent magnet and a winding are simultaneously positioned on a primary side and are isolated and decoupled, electromagnetism is mutually independent, and a secondary side is simple and reliable in structure.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:

a flat-plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor comprises a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism, wherein the primary mechanism comprises a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit comprises n U-shaped primary magnetic conduction components, n-1 armature windings and n-1 permanent magnets, and n is an integer greater than 1; the n primary magnetic conduction components are sequentially arranged in a line, n-1 permanent magnets are positioned between the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components at intervals, the permanent magnets connect adjacent teeth of the adjacent primary magnetic conduction components to form a magnetic pole, and an armature winding is wound on the magnetic pole; all the primary units are arranged in sequence;

the secondary mechanism comprises a plurality of secondary magnetic conducting parts which are staggered and sequentially and alternately arranged, each secondary magnetic conducting part comprises a yoke part and n tooth parts connected with the yoke parts, and the directions of all the tooth parts are the same.

The arrangement of the primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism is as follows: when the ith tooth of one secondary magnetic conduction component is aligned with one tooth of the ith primary magnetic conduction component in the primary unit in an end view, the ith tooth of the secondary magnetic conduction component adjacent to the secondary magnetic conduction component is aligned with the other tooth of the ith primary magnetic conduction component in the primary unit in an end view, and i is equal to 1,2, …, n.

The number of the primary units is integral multiple of the number of the motor phases.

When the number of the magnetic poles on a certain primary unit is more than 1, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets on the primary unit are opposite.

Adjacent primary unit spacing l_sDistance l from secondary magnetic conduction component_pThe relation of (A) is as follows:

where k is 0,1,2,3, …, and M is the number of motor phases.

The distance l between the secondary magnetic conductive parts_pWith the thickness τ of the secondary magnetically conductive member_pIs in the relationship of_p≥τ_p。

The primary and secondary magnetic conductive parts are formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials.

In the linear motor, the armature windings of the primary units of the same phase are connected in series or in parallel.

The primary mechanism and the secondary mechanism are a fixed part and a moving part.

The linear motor can be used as a generator or a motor.

After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the motor adopts a transverse flux structure, and meanwhile, the motor permanent magnet and the winding are both arranged at the primary part, the secondary structure is simple, no winding or permanent magnet exists, and the advantages of isolated decoupling and mutual independence of electromagnetism of the transverse flux linear motor are kept, so that the transverse flux linear motor has the characteristics of high torque density, flexible design, electromagnetic load decoupling, convenience in control, excellent low-speed characteristic, high efficiency, simple secondary structure, easiness in heat dissipation of the permanent magnet and the like;

(2) the motor has simple and compact structure, convenient and easy assembly and high space utilization rate;

(3) each primary unit is independent, the motor is high in reliability and strong in fault-tolerant capability, and modular manufacturing and installation are facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1(a) is an overall structural schematic diagram of a three-phase primary unit one-pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor of the present invention;

fig. 1(b) is a schematic end view structure of a three-phase primary unit one-pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 2(a) is a schematic top view of the primary structure of a three-phase primary unit-magnetic pole flat-type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 2(b) is a schematic top view of a secondary structure of a three-phase primary unit-magnetic pole flat-type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 3(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic conductive material of a primary unit of a three-phase primary unit-magnetic pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 3(b) is a schematic structural diagram of a primary unit of a three-phase primary unit-magnetic pole flat-type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a secondary arrangement structure of a three-phase primary unit one-pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 4(b) is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary magnetic conductive part of a three-phase primary unit one-pole plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive part 5 of the three-phase primary one-pole flat-plate primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;

fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the flux flow when the secondary magnetic conductive part 4 of the three-phase primary one-pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor of the present invention is aligned with the primary unit;

fig. 6(a) is an overall structural schematic diagram of a three-phase primary three-pole flat-plate primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention;

fig. 6(b) is a schematic end view structure diagram of a three-phase primary three-pole flat primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1(a), a structural schematic diagram of a three-phase primary one-pole flat-plate primary permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor includes a primary part and a secondary part, the primary part includes a plurality of primary units with the same structure, each primary unit is composed of a U-shaped primary magnetic conduction component 1, an armature winding 3 and a permanent magnet 2, and the secondary part is composed of magnetic conduction components 4 and 5 arranged in sequence; the primary and secondary magnetic conductive materials can be formed by laminating iron core silicon steel sheets or molding composite magnetic conductive materials, and the secondary magnetic conductive parts are sequentially staggered and arranged along the movement direction. Fig. 1(b) is a schematic end view structure of a three-phase primary unit one-pole flat-plate type primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor according to the present invention; the magnetic pole of the motor consists of two magnetic conduction component teeth 1-1-2, 1-2-1 and a permanent magnet 2, an armature winding 3 is wound on the magnetic pole, and the two ends of a primary unit are also provided with the teeth 1-1-1 and 1-2-2. The secondary magnetic conduction parts 4 and 5 are alternately arranged and consist of teeth and a yoke part, and the teeth 4-1 and 4-2 on the magnetic conduction part 4 are respectively aligned with the teeth 1-1-1 and 1-2-1 on the primary unit; the teeth 5-1 and 5-2 on the magnetic conducting component 5 are respectively aligned with the teeth 1-1-2 and 1-2-2 on the primary unit; along with the relative motion of the primary and secondary sides of the motor, the magnetic flux in the magnetic conductive material of the primary unit changes, the magnetic flux chain in the winding changes alternately, and induced electromotive force is generated. The invention can be used as a motor or a generator.

Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) schematically show a primary one-pole three-phase structure of the motor, and primary units are separated from each other by 120 degrees in electrical angle to form each phase of the motor. The number of the primary units and the number of the secondary magnetic conduction components of the motor are not limited to the above, and the number of the primary units and the number of the secondary magnetic conduction components can be increased or decreased according to the practical conditions such as the length of the phase number of the motor, and the windings of the primary units in the same phase can be mutually connected in series or in parallel.

FIG. 2(a) shows the primary arrangement view of the motor, along the motor moving direction, the motor primary unit interval l_sAnd motor primary unit thickness τ_sThe capacity of the motor, the distance between the secondary magnetic conduction components and the like. FIG. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the secondary magnetic conductive parts of the motor, along the motor moving direction, the thickness of the magnetic conductive parts is tau_pAnd adjacent magnetic conductive partsThe spacing of the members being l_p. If the motor is M-phase, the number N of primary units of the motor is KM; wherein K is an integer greater than zero. The relationship between the primary unit pitch, the pitch of the secondary magnetic conductive member, and the number of phases of the motor can be determined by the following equation:

wherein k is 0,1,2,3.

Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic structural diagrams of the primary unit of the motor. Fig. 3(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a primary unit magnetic conduction component, which mainly includes magnetic conduction iron cores 1-1 and 1-2 and a permanent magnet 2. The magnetic conductive iron core 1-1 comprises two teeth 1-1-1 and 1-1-2, the magnetic conductive iron core 1-2 comprises two teeth 1-1-1 and 1-2-2, wherein 1-1-2, the permanent magnet 2 and 1-2-1 form a magnetic pole; fig. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the primary unit structure, which comprises the primary unit magnetic conductive component and the armature winding 3 wound on the magnetic pole.

Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the secondary mechanism of the motor, which includes a magnetic conductive member 4 and a magnetic conductive member 5, wherein the magnetic conductive members 4 and 5 have the same structure and are arranged in a staggered manner in order to change the magnetic flux of the motor winding during the secondary operation. Fig. 4(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary magnetic conducting component 5, the magnetic conducting component 5 includes a magnetic conducting yoke portion and a tooth portion, the tooth portion is composed of 5-1 and 5-2, and the secondary magnetic conducting component 4 and the magnetic conducting component 5 have the same structure. The secondary structure is simple, no permanent magnet is arranged, and the manufacture is convenient.

Fig. 5(a) shows a schematic flow of magnetic flux when the secondary magnetic conductive member 5 is aligned with the primary unit, and fig. 5(b) shows a schematic flow of magnetic flux when the secondary magnetic conductive member 4 is aligned with the primary unit. As can be seen from fig. 5(a) and 5(b), when the magnetic conductive member 5 is aligned with the primary unit and when the magnetic conductive member 4 is aligned with the primary unit during the secondary motion, the direction of the flux linkage of the winding changes, and the direction of the flux flow inside the motor changes. The principle of the motor is feasible and the structure is reliable.

Fig. 6(a) is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the present invention, and fig. 6(b) is a schematic view showing an end view of the motor; as can be seen from the figure, the purpose of increasing the power of the motor can be achieved by increasing the number of the primary unit magnetic poles.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the secondary is moved along the moving direction, the tooth parts of two adjacent secondary magnetic conduction parts are respectively aligned with the magnetic conduction teeth in the primary unit, so that the flux linkage of the winding on the primary magnetic pole is alternatively changed, the corresponding induced electromotive force is induced by the winding, and when the changing current is applied to the primary winding, the thrust is generated. Through reasonable arrangement of the distance between the primary units and the distance between the secondary magnetic conduction parts, the power is reasonably supplied to each phase winding of the primary units according to the relative position between the primary and secondary in the movement direction, and continuous thrust can be generated.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.