阅读说明：本技术 一种防治花椒根腐病的植物源农药及其制备方法 (Botanical pesticide for preventing and treating pepper root rot and preparation method thereof ) 是由 毛久权 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种防治花椒根腐病的植物源农药及其制备方法,所述植物源农药包括下列原料按重量组份比组成：花椒加工下脚料30～40份、烟草加工下脚料25～35份、茶叶加工下脚料20～30份、苦楝树叶15～25份、黄连10～20份、马钱子8～15份、苦参5～10份、大蒜2～5份、煤油15～25份和草木灰80～120份。采用本发明所述方法制备的植物源农药,不仅可以为花椒提供营养,提高花椒的抗病害的能力,而且对有害物具有杀灭作用,大大降低花椒根腐病的感染范围,可以有效防治由腐皮镰孢菌引起的根腐病,对土壤无毒性污染,能大大提高花椒的产量与品质。其制备方法简单,使用方便,具有较好的应用价值与环保意义,其经济效益高,易于普及推广应用。(The invention relates to a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating pepper root rot and a preparation method thereof, wherein the botanical pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 25-35 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 20-30 parts of tea processing leftovers, 15-25 parts of chinaberry leaves, 10-20 parts of coptis chinensis, 8-15 parts of nux vomica, 5-10 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-5 parts of garlic, 15-25 parts of kerosene and 80-120 parts of plant ash. The botanical pesticide prepared by the method can not only provide nutrition for the pepper and improve the disease resistance of the pepper, but also kill harmful substances, greatly reduce the infection range of the pepper root rot, effectively prevent and treat the root rot caused by the fusarium solani, has no toxic pollution to soil, and can greatly improve the yield and the quality of the pepper. The preparation method is simple, the use is convenient, the application value and the environmental protection significance are better, the economic benefit is high, and the popularization and the application are easy.)

1. The botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 25-35 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 20-30 parts of tea processing leftovers, 15-25 parts of chinaberry leaves, 10-20 parts of coptis chinensis, 8-15 parts of nux vomica, 5-10 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-5 parts of garlic, 15-25 parts of kerosene and 80-120 parts of plant ash.

2. The botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-36 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 28-32 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 24-27 parts of tea processing leftovers, 18-23 parts of chinaberry leaves, 13-16 parts of coptis chinensis, 10-12 parts of nux vomica, 6-9 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-3 parts of garlic, 18-23 parts of kerosene and 90-110 parts of plant ash.

3. The botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 30 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 26 parts of tea processing leftovers, 22 parts of chinaberry leaves, 15 parts of coptis chinensis, 11 parts of nux vomica, 8 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 3 parts of garlic, 20 parts of kerosene and 100 parts of plant ash.

4. The method for producing a plant-derived pesticide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) mixing the pepper processing leftovers, the tobacco processing leftovers, the tea processing leftovers and the chinaberry leaves according to the raw material ratio, putting the mixture into a pot, decocting the mixture with clear water for three times, cooling the mixture after each decoction, filtering the mixture to obtain filtrate, and adding water into filter residues for next extraction; wherein the water consumption for the first time is 4-6 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 2-3 hours, the water consumption for the second time is 3-5 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 1-2 hours, the water consumption for the third time is 1-3 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 0.5-1.5 hours, the boiling filtrates for the third time are combined to obtain a boiling solution of the mixture for later use, and meanwhile, the collected filter residues are dried and then crushed to obtain fine powder of the filter residues for later use;

(2) mixing Coptidis rhizoma, semen Strychni, radix Sophorae Flavescentis and Bulbus Allii according to raw materials ratio, and pulverizing into fine powder;

(3) and (2) taking kerosene and plant ash according to the raw material ratio, putting the decoction liquid obtained in the step (1), the fine powder of the filter residue and the fine powder prepared in the step (2) into the kerosene for stirring, continuously adding the plant ash in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the plant-derived pesticide.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control in pepper planting, and particularly relates to a botanical pesticide for controlling pepper root rot and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The fructus Zanthoxyli is Rutaceae, Laxylum deciduous tree, and has height of 7 m; short thorns exist on the branches of the stems, and the branches growing in the current year are short and soft. The wood of the pepper is typically light yellow, the color of the pepper is slightly dark yellow when the pepper is exposed in the air, the difference between the heart wood and the edge wood is not obvious, the structure of the xylem is dense and uniform, the longitudinal section of the pepper has silk luster, and the big wood has artistic value. The isolated planting can also be used as a protection hedge. The pericarp can be used as flavoring agent, and can be used for extracting aromatic oil, or used as medicine, and the seed can be used for edible use, or processed into soap. The Chinese prickly ash is used as a traditional Chinese medicine and has the effects of warming the middle-jiao and promoting the circulation of qi, expelling cold, relieving pain, killing insects and the like. It is used to treat stomach and abdominal psychroalgia, emesis, diarrhea, schistosomiasis, ascariasis, etc. Also used as an epidermal anesthetic. In the planting process of the pepper, if the control of various diseases of the pepper is not good, the development of the pepper industry can be seriously restricted, so that the yield of the pepper is greatly reduced, and the pepper root rot is a common disease.

The pepper root rot often occurs in nursery gardens and adult pepper gardens, and is a soil-borne disease caused by fusarium solani. Benefiting the color change and decay of the plant root, the peculiar smell, the separation of the root bark and the xylem, and the xylem is black. Local leaves on the ground are small and yellow, branches are not completely developed, and the whole plant dies when the branches are serious. The root rot of the zanthoxylum bungeanum is characterized in that the roots of the damaged plants are black and rotten, the plants have peculiar smell, the root bark is easy to separate from xylem, the xylem is black, the leaves of the overground part are small, the leaves are yellow, branches are not well developed, the whole plant dies when the disease is serious, the yield of the zanthoxylum bungeanum is greatly reduced, and the disease can be caused no matter young, middle and old trees. At present, the root rot of the pepper is mainly prevented and treated by medicaments, the prevention and treatment method mainly adopts the steps of irrigating roots by medicaments or mixing medicaments with toxic soil and applying the medicaments to roots or spraying the medicaments, and the ideal prevention and treatment effect cannot be achieved by adopting the existing prevention and treatment measures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a botanical pesticide suitable for pepper planting, can effectively prevent the pepper from root rot caused by fusarium solani in the planting process, is beneficial to pepper growth, can provide nutrition for the pepper, and improves the disease resistance of the pepper, and particularly relates to the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a botanical pesticide for preventing and treating pepper root rot comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 25-35 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 20-30 parts of tea processing leftovers, 15-25 parts of chinaberry leaves, 10-20 parts of coptis chinensis, 8-15 parts of nux vomica, 5-10 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-5 parts of garlic, 15-25 parts of kerosene and 80-120 parts of plant ash.

Further, the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-36 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 28-32 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 24-27 parts of tea processing leftovers, 18-23 parts of chinaberry leaves, 13-16 parts of coptis chinensis, 10-12 parts of nux vomica, 6-9 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-3 parts of garlic, 18-23 parts of kerosene and 90-110 parts of plant ash.

Further, as a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the botanical pesticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of pepper processing leftovers, 30 parts of tobacco processing leftovers, 26 parts of tea processing leftovers, 22 parts of chinaberry leaves, 15 parts of coptis chinensis, 11 parts of nux vomica, 8 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 3 parts of garlic, 20 parts of kerosene and 100 parts of plant ash.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the botanical pesticide, which comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing the pepper processing leftovers, the tobacco processing leftovers, the tea processing leftovers and the chinaberry leaves according to the raw material ratio, putting the mixture into a pot, decocting the mixture with clear water for three times, cooling the mixture after each decoction, filtering the mixture to obtain filtrate, and adding water into filter residues for next extraction; wherein the water consumption for the first time is 4-6 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 2-3 hours, the water consumption for the second time is 3-5 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 1-2 hours, the water consumption for the third time is 1-3 times of the total weight of the mixture, the boiling time is 0.5-1.5 hours, the boiling filtrates for the third time are combined to obtain a boiling solution of the mixture for later use, and meanwhile, the collected filter residues are dried and then crushed to obtain fine powder of the filter residues for later use;

(2) mixing Coptidis rhizoma, semen Strychni, radix Sophorae Flavescentis and Bulbus Allii according to raw materials ratio, and pulverizing into fine powder;

(3) and (2) taking kerosene and plant ash according to the raw material ratio, putting the decoction liquid obtained in the step (1), the fine powder of the filter residue and the fine powder prepared in the step (2) into the kerosene for stirring, continuously adding the plant ash in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the plant-derived pesticide.

Compared with the prior art, the botanical pesticide for preventing and treating the pepper root rot and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that: the botanical pesticide is prepared by adopting pepper processing leftovers, tobacco processing leftovers, tea processing leftovers, chinaberry leaves, coptis chinensis, nux vomica, radix sophorae flavescentis and garlic as a botanical source and simultaneously adding kerosene and plant ash, can provide nutrition for pepper, improve the disease resistance of pepper, has a killing effect on harmful substances, greatly reduces the infection range of pepper root rot, can effectively prevent and treat the root rot caused by fusarium solani, has a prevention effect of more than 90 percent, does not contain any chemical agent and heavy metal ion residue compared with the traditional chemical agent, has no toxic pollution to soil, and can greatly improve the yield and the quality of pepper. The botanical pesticide is a pesticide fertilizer which is pollution-free, safe and sanitary, has no residue and causes no pollution to the environment, has simple preparation method, convenient use, better application value and environmental protection significance, high economic benefit and easy popularization and application.

Detailed Description

In order to more fully explain the practice of the invention, the invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.