Milk irradiation sterilization equipment and method
阅读说明：本技术 一种牛奶辐照灭菌设备及方法 (Milk irradiation sterilization equipment and method ) 是由 刘学 于 2019-11-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于食品生产加工技术领域,公开了一种牛奶辐照灭菌设备及方法。该牛奶辐照灭菌设备包括依次连通的鲜牛奶存储罐、牛奶过滤器、牛奶雾化器、雾化灭菌室和灭菌牛奶储存罐；所述鲜牛奶存储罐设置有鲜奶进口；所述牛奶雾化器的出奶口通过高压雾化喷嘴与所述雾化灭菌室连接,所述雾化灭菌室内设置有辐照灭菌装置。本发明所提供的牛奶辐照灭菌设备及方法不会造成牛奶本身的营养价值的流失,且灭菌效果理想,实现了在常温状态下对牛奶的全方位灭菌处理,而且用时短,效率高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food production and processing, and discloses milk irradiation sterilization equipment and a milk irradiation sterilization method. The milk irradiation sterilization equipment comprises a fresh milk storage tank, a milk filter, a milk atomizer, an atomization sterilization chamber and a sterilized milk storage tank which are sequentially communicated; the fresh milk storage tank is provided with a fresh milk inlet; the milk outlet of the milk atomizer is connected with the atomization sterilization chamber through a high-pressure atomization nozzle, and an irradiation sterilization device is arranged in the atomization sterilization chamber. The milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the invention can not cause loss of the nutritive value of the milk, have ideal sterilization effect, realize the omnibearing sterilization treatment of the milk at normal temperature, and have short time and high efficiency.)
1. A milk irradiation sterilization device is characterized by comprising a fresh milk storage tank, a milk filter, a milk atomizer, an atomization sterilization chamber and a sterilized milk storage tank which are sequentially communicated; the fresh milk storage tank is provided with a fresh milk inlet; the milk outlet of the milk atomizer is connected with the atomization sterilization chamber through a high-pressure atomization nozzle, and an irradiation sterilization device is arranged in the atomization sterilization chamber.
2. The milk radiation sterilization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the radiation sterilization device is an electron accelerator disposed at the top of the atomization sterilization chamber, and an output end of the electron accelerator extends into the atomization sterilization chamber.
3. The milk radiation sterilization equipment of claim 2, wherein the electron accelerator is an accelerator with power of 14 Kw.
4. The milk radiation sterilization equipment according to claim 2, wherein the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, and the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is perpendicular to the direction of the output end of the electron accelerator.
5. The milk radiation sterilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fresh milk storage tank, the milk filter, the milk atomizer, the sterilization chamber and the sterilized milk storage tank are all made of food-grade stainless steel.
6. The milk irradiation sterilization equipment according to the claim 1, characterized in that the fresh milk storage tank, the milk filter, the milk atomizer, the atomization sterilization chamber and the sterilization milk storage tank are all provided with radiation-proof lead plates on the outer surfaces.
7. A milk irradiation sterilization method by using the milk irradiation sterilization equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
introducing the fresh milk in the fresh milk storage tank into a milk filter for filtering, and removing impurities in the fresh milk;
transferring the filtered fresh milk into a milk atomizer for atomization treatment to obtain atomized fresh milk;
introducing the atomized fresh milk into an atomization sterilization chamber, starting an irradiation sterilization device, and performing irradiation sterilization to obtain sterilized fresh milk;
and introducing the sterilized fresh milk into a sterilized milk storage tank for storage.
8. The milk radiation sterilization method according to claim 7, wherein the radiation metering range of the radiation sterilization device is 10kGy-15kGy, and the radiation time is 15-30 seconds.
9. The method for sterilizing milk by irradiation according to claim 7, wherein the method for introducing the atomized fresh milk into the atomized sterilization chamber comprises the following steps:
and spraying the atomized fresh milk into the atomization sterilization chamber by using a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, wherein the spraying direction is vertical to the irradiation direction of the irradiation sterilization device.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food production and processing, and particularly relates to milk irradiation sterilization equipment and a milk irradiation sterilization method.
Background
In order to ensure that the health of people is not affected by eating the milk and prolong the preservation time of the milk, most or all microorganisms in the milk must be killed, and the sterilization operation is a very important link in the production and processing processes of the food and beverage industry. For milk, the currently industrially adopted sterilization measures are generally heat sterilization methods, and the sterilization methods are classified into two methods, namely pasteurization and ultra-high temperature sterilization, according to the difference of sterilization time and temperature.
Pasteurization, i.e. cooling fresh milk, then heating the fresh milk to 65 ℃ for 30 minutes; or heated to 72-76 c for 15 minutes. The pasteurization method has the advantages that the nutrient components in the milk are basically not changed, the defect is that only viruses in the milk are killed, but not all microorganisms are killed, so that the links of transportation, sale, storage and the like after the pasteurized milk leaves a production line need to be refrigerated in the environment of 4 ℃, and the quality guarantee period is short.
The milk produced by the ultra-high temperature sterilization method, also called normal temperature milk, is that the fresh milk is instantly sterilized at the high temperature of 134-135 ℃ for 4 seconds, so that the microorganisms in the milk are completely killed. The ultra-high temperature sterilized milk has long shelf life under the aseptic sealing condition, and has the defects of poor mouthfeel of the milk and great damage to nutritional ingredients such as protein in the milk due to high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides milk irradiation sterilization equipment and a milk irradiation sterilization method, which aim to kill bacteria in milk and avoid nutrition loss.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides milk irradiation sterilization equipment which comprises a fresh milk storage tank, a milk filter, a milk atomizer, an atomization sterilization chamber and a sterilized milk storage tank which are sequentially communicated; the fresh milk storage tank is provided with a fresh milk inlet; the milk outlet of the milk atomizer is connected with the atomization sterilization chamber through a high-pressure atomization nozzle, and an irradiation sterilization device is arranged in the atomization sterilization chamber.
Furthermore, the irradiation sterilization device is an electron accelerator arranged at the top of the atomization sterilization chamber, and the output end of the electron accelerator extends into the atomization sterilization chamber.
Further, the electron accelerator adopts an accelerator with the power of 14 Kw.
Furthermore, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, and the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is perpendicular to the direction of the output end of the electron accelerator.
Furthermore, the fresh milk storage tank, the milk filter, the milk atomizer, the atomization sterilization chamber and the sterilization milk storage tank are all made of food-grade stainless steel materials.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the fresh milk storage tank, the milk filter, the milk atomizer, the atomization sterilization chamber and the sterilization milk storage tank are all provided with radiation-proof lead plates.
In another aspect, the invention further provides a milk radiation sterilization method using the milk radiation sterilization equipment, and the method comprises the following steps:
introducing the fresh milk in the fresh milk storage tank into a milk filter for filtering, and removing impurities in the fresh milk;
transferring the filtered fresh milk into a milk atomizer for atomization treatment to obtain atomized fresh milk;
introducing the atomized fresh milk into an atomization sterilization chamber, starting an irradiation sterilization device, and performing irradiation sterilization to obtain sterilized fresh milk;
and introducing the sterilized fresh milk into a sterilized milk storage tank for storage.
Furthermore, the irradiation metering range of the irradiation sterilization device is 10kGy-15kGy, and the irradiation time is 15-30 seconds.
Further, the method for introducing the atomized fresh milk into the atomized sterilization chamber comprises the following steps:
and spraying the atomized fresh milk into the atomization sterilization chamber by using a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, wherein the spraying direction is vertical to the irradiation direction of the irradiation sterilization device.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the invention can not cause loss of the nutritional value of the milk, have ideal sterilization effect, realize the omnibearing sterilization treatment of the milk at normal temperature, and can effectively kill microorganisms and spores thereof in the milk.
The milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the invention are used for sterilizing milk, the time is short, and the efficiency is high.
According to the milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method, the sterilized milk is directly filled in an aseptic mode, secondary pollution is avoided, and the storage time is long.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a milk radiation sterilization device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a milk radiation sterilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or the element which is indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. For those skilled in the art, the drawings of the embodiments with specific meanings of the terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a milk irradiation sterilization apparatus, which includes a fresh milk storage tank 1, a
In the specific implementation process, the irradiation sterilization device has a variety of devices, and in a further embodiment, the irradiation sterilization device in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically an electron accelerator 7 disposed at the top of the atomization sterilization chamber 4, and the output end of the electron accelerator 7 extends into the atomization sterilization chamber 4. The high-energy electron beam irradiation produced by the electron accelerator can make some substances produce physical, chemical and biological effects, and can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria, viruses and pests. The method has the advantages of normal temperature, no damage, no residual toxicity, environmental protection, low energy consumption, simple and convenient operation, high automation degree, suitability for large-scale industrial production and the like.
Further, there are various types of electron accelerators, and the electron accelerator 7 in the embodiment of the present invention specifically uses an accelerator having a power of 14 Kw.
In a specific implementation process, in order to ensure the sterilization effect, in a further embodiment, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 6 in the embodiment of the present invention specifically adopts a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, and the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 6 is perpendicular to the direction of the output end of the electron accelerator. The horizontal fan-shaped nozzle can spray fresh milk into a fan surface in the atomization and sterilization chamber, the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomization nozzle 6 is perpendicular to the direction of the output end of the electron accelerator, the fresh milk in the atomization and sterilization chamber can be radiated as far as possible, and the sterilization effect is guaranteed.
In a specific implementation, in order to ensure the quality of the milk, in a further embodiment, the fresh milk storage tank 1, the
In a specific implementation process, in order to avoid the radiation of staff working near the milk irradiation sterilization equipment, in a further embodiment, the outer surfaces of the fresh milk storage tank 1, the
Based on the milk irradiation sterilization equipment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a milk irradiation sterilization method by using the milk irradiation sterilization equipment, as shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: introducing the fresh milk in the fresh milk storage tank into a milk filter for filtering, and removing impurities in the fresh milk;
step S2: transferring the filtered fresh milk into a milk atomizer for atomization treatment to obtain atomized fresh milk;
step S3: introducing the atomized fresh milk into an atomization sterilization chamber, starting an irradiation sterilization device, and performing irradiation sterilization to obtain sterilized fresh milk;
step S4: and introducing the sterilized fresh milk into a sterilized milk storage tank for storage.
In a specific implementation, in order to ensure the sterilization effect, in a further embodiment, the irradiation dose range of the irradiation sterilization device in the embodiment of the present invention is 10kGy to 15kGy, and the irradiation time is 15 to 30 seconds.
In a specific implementation process, in order to further ensure the sterilization effect, in a specific implementation process, the method for introducing the atomized fresh milk into the atomized sterilization chamber in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and spraying the atomized fresh milk into the atomization sterilization chamber by using a horizontal fan-shaped nozzle, wherein the spraying direction is vertical to the irradiation direction of the irradiation sterilization device.
The milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the embodiment of the invention cannot cause loss of the nutritive value of the milk, have ideal sterilization effect, realize the omnibearing sterilization treatment of the milk at normal temperature, and can effectively kill microorganisms and spores thereof in the milk.
The milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the embodiment of the invention are adopted for milk sterilization, the time consumption is short, and the efficiency is high.
According to the milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sterilized milk is directly filled in an aseptic mode, secondary pollution is avoided, and the storage time is long.
In addition, the milk irradiation sterilization equipment and the milk irradiation sterilization method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for milk sterilization, are also suitable for other food processing, such as fruit juice, beverage, mineral water and the like, have wide application range and are suitable for large-area popularization.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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