阅读说明：本技术 一种角度可调的肱骨髁骺离骨折微创手术体外导向装置 (External guiding device of humerus condyle epiphysis dissociation fracture minimally invasive surgery with adjustable angle ) 是由 何平 岳晓东 杨松 银万东 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种角度可调的肱骨髁骺离骨折微创手术体外导向装置,包括导向定位架,钢板、连接套筒、固定螺钉、微调导向定位架；导向定位架、钢板、连接套筒、固定螺钉四者固定连接,在调整体内钢板位置时,可以通过转动或移动导向定位架,同步转动或者移动体内钢板,可以体外调整钢板在体内的位置,不用重新打入钢板不会给患者患伤处造成二次伤害。微调定位架实现的功能是：在导向定位架上的定位孔无法对齐钢板上的万向孔时,通过微调定位架上微调定位孔来对齐钢板上的万向孔,使固定针精确打入患者骨骼位置。(The invention discloses an external guiding device for minimally invasive surgery of humeral condyle epiphyseal dissociation fracture with adjustable angle, which comprises a guiding and positioning frame, a steel plate, a connecting sleeve, a fixing screw and a fine-tuning guiding and positioning frame, wherein the steel plate is fixed on the guiding and positioning frame; four fixed connection of guiding orientation frame, steel sheet, connecting sleeve, set screw can be through rotating or removing the guiding orientation frame when adjusting internal steel sheet position, rotate or remove internal steel sheet in step, can be external to adjust the steel sheet in internal position, need not squeeze into the steel sheet again and can not cause secondary damage for patient's wounded department. The function that fine setting locating rack realized is: when the positioning hole on the guide positioning frame can not be aligned with the universal hole on the steel plate, the universal hole on the steel plate is aligned by finely adjusting the positioning hole on the fine adjustment positioning frame, so that the fixing needle is accurately driven into the bone position of a patient.)

1. An external guiding device for minimally invasive surgery of humeral condyle epiphysis fracture with adjustable angle comprises a guiding and positioning frame (1), a steel plate (2), a connecting sleeve (3) and fixing screws (4), and is characterized in that a plurality of fixing pin positioning holes (6) are arranged on the guiding and positioning frame (1), a first through hole (501) with the diameter larger than that of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the guiding and positioning frame (1), and a bracket clamping groove (502) is arranged on the inner wall of the first through hole (501);

the steel plate (2) is provided with a universal hole (7) corresponding to the position of the fixing needle positioning hole (6), the steel plate is provided with a first steel plate clamping groove (201) and a second steel plate clamping groove (202), the first steel plate clamping groove (201) is a circular clamping groove, the diameter of the circular clamping groove is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting sleeve (3), and an internal threaded hole (203) is formed in the first steel plate clamping groove (201); the second steel plate clamping groove (202) is arranged in the first steel plate clamping groove (201);

the connecting sleeve (3) is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the connecting sleeve (3) penetrates through the first through hole (501), the lower portion of the connecting sleeve (3) is clamped in the first steel plate clamping groove (201), a first clamping block (301), a second clamping block (302) and a third clamping block (303) are arranged on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (3), the first clamping block (301) is fixed above the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (3), the width of the first clamping block (301) is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole (501), and the upper surface of the first clamping block (301) is in contact with the lower surface of the guide positioning frame (1); the second fixture block (302) is clamped in the bracket clamping groove (502), so that the guide positioning frame (1) and the connecting sleeve (3) cannot rotate relatively; the third fixture block (303) is arranged on the outer wall below the connecting sleeve (3), and the third fixture block (303) is clamped in the second steel plate clamping groove (202), so that the steel plate (2) and the connecting sleeve (3) cannot rotate relatively;

one end of the fixing screw (4) is provided with a thread section matched with the first steel plate clamping groove internal thread hole (203), and the other end of the fixing screw is provided with a nut with the width larger than the diameter of the first through hole (501); the fixing screw (4) penetrates through the connecting sleeve (3), the thread section of the fixing screw (4) is connected with the internal thread hole (203) in the first steel plate clamping groove, and the lower surface of the nut is in surface contact with the upper surface of the guide positioning frame (1).

2. The minimally invasive surgical in-vitro guiding device for the angular adjustable humeral condyle epiphyseal fracture is characterized in that the guiding and positioning frame (1) comprises a plurality of detachable frame sections (5), a connecting fixture block (503) is arranged on the connecting end of one end of each frame section (5), and a threaded hole is formed in the connecting fixture block; a connecting clamping groove (504) is formed in the connecting end of the other end of the bracket section (5), and a second through hole is formed in the connecting clamping groove; the connecting screw (8) penetrates through a second through hole on the connecting clamping groove (504) of one bracket section and is fixedly connected with a threaded hole on the connecting clamping block (503) of the other bracket section.

3. An angularly adjustable minimally invasive surgical extracorporeal guide for an epiphyseal fracture of a humerus condyle according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing screw (4) is of a hollow cylindrical structure.

4. An angularly adjustable minimally invasive surgical extracorporeal guide for epiphysical fracture of humeral condyle according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of extension of the fixing pin positioning hole (6) on the guide positioning frame relative to the extension of the guide positioning frame (1) is set to 90 ° or 45 °.

5. The minimally invasive surgical in-vitro guiding device for the angular adjustable humeral condyle epiphyseal fracture is characterized by further comprising a fine-adjustment guiding and positioning frame (13), wherein the fine-adjustment guiding and positioning frame (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the bracket section (5), and the fine-adjustment guiding and positioning frame (13) comprises a fine-adjustment positioning sliding groove (9) and a fine-adjustment positioning sliding block (10); the fine adjustment positioning slide block (10) slides in the fine adjustment positioning slide groove (9) along the slide groove direction; the fine-tuning positioning sliding chute (9) and the fine-tuning positioning sliding block (10) are both in the shape of a circular arc with the same circle center, and the circle center of the circular arc is superposed with the circle center of the universal hole (7) on the steel plate; a plurality of fine tuning positioning holes (11) are formed in the extending direction of the fine tuning positioning slide block (10), and the direction of each fine tuning positioning hole (11) faces the direction of the circle center of the arc.

6. The minimally invasive surgical in-vitro guiding device for the angular adjustable humeral condyle epiphyseal fracture according to claim 5, wherein the cross section of the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9) is of a U-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9) is detachably connected with the bracket section (5), a clamping groove (14) is arranged on any side of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9) along the sliding direction of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning sliding groove, the cross section of the clamping groove (14) is of a convex shape, and the top of the convex shape penetrates through the external part of the device and is the same; the fine adjustment positioning slide block (10) is provided with a groove rail (15) along the sliding direction, and the groove rail (15) is matched with the clamping groove (14).

7. The minimally invasive surgical external guide device for the angular adjustable humeral condyle epiphyseal fracture according to claim 6, further comprising a locking device (12) disposed on the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9), wherein the locking device comprises a threaded hole disposed on one side of the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9) and a locking screw adapted to the threaded hole, and the locking device (12) is used for locking the sliding of the fine adjustment positioning sliding block (10) in the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove (9).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical fixing needle guide device, in particular to an angle-adjustable humeral condyle epiphysis fracture minimally invasive surgery in-vitro guide device.

Technical Field

"epiphyseal fracture" refers to skeletal trauma in which the epiphyses are fractured when the skeletal growth and development of the child is incomplete. After epiphyseal fracture, the fracture part needs to be reinforced by steel plates and fixing pins in the operation. In order to reduce the operation wound surface on the affected part of the child, an auxiliary device is needed for external guiding, and the direction and the position of the fixing needle are difficult to be accurately determined when the fixing needle is driven into the affected part; the steel sheet is after driving into the body, if the position needs to be adjusted, traditional steel sheet, fixed needle are only driven into again after taking out, so can increase the secondary damage to the affected part.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: traditional steel sheet is after driving into the body, if the position needs to be adjusted, traditional steel sheet, fixed needle are only driven into again after taking out, so can increase the secondary damage to the affected part. The invention provides an external guiding device for minimally invasive surgery of humeral condyle epiphyseal dissociation fracture with adjustable angle, which can accurately adjust the position of a steel plate in a patient body under the condition of not taking out the steel plate in the patient body.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: an external guiding device for minimally invasive surgery of humeral condyle epiphysis fracture with adjustable angle comprises a guiding and positioning frame, a steel plate, a connecting sleeve and fixing screws, wherein the guiding and positioning frame is provided with a plurality of fixing pin positioning holes, the guiding and positioning frame is provided with a first through hole with the diameter larger than that of the connecting sleeve, and the inner wall of the first through hole is provided with a bracket clamping groove;

the steel plate is provided with a universal hole corresponding to the position of the positioning hole of the fixing needle, the steel plate is provided with a first steel plate clamping groove and a second steel plate clamping groove, the first steel plate clamping groove is a circular clamping groove, the diameter of the circular clamping groove is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting sleeve, and an internal thread hole is arranged in the first steel plate clamping groove; the second steel plate clamping groove is arranged in the first steel plate clamping groove;

the connecting sleeve is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the connecting sleeve penetrates through the through hole, the lower part of the connecting sleeve is clamped in the first steel plate clamping groove, a first clamping block, a second clamping block and a third clamping block are arranged on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, the first clamping block is fixed above the outer wall of the connecting sleeve, the width of the first clamping block is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole, and the upper surface of the first clamping block is in contact with the lower surface of the guide positioning frame; the second clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove of the guide positioning frame bracket, so that the guide positioning frame and the connecting sleeve cannot rotate relatively; the third clamping block is arranged on the outer wall below the connecting sleeve and clamped in the second steel plate clamping groove, so that the steel plate and the connecting sleeve cannot rotate relatively;

one end of the fixing screw is provided with a thread section matched with the internal thread hole of the first steel plate clamping groove, and the other end of the fixing screw is provided with a nut with the width larger than the diameter of the first through hole; the fixing screw penetrates through the connecting sleeve, the thread section of the fixing screw is connected with the inner thread hole in the first steel plate clamping groove, and the lower surface of the nut is in surface contact with the upper surface of the guide positioning frame. The guide positioning frame and the steel plate can be fixedly connected by a fixing screw penetrating through the connecting sleeve, after the guide positioning frame and the steel plate are fixedly connected, a combined structure similar to an I shape is formed, and the relative positions of the guide positioning frame and the steel plate cannot be changed; after the steel plate is driven into the body of a patient, if the direction of the steel plate needs to be adjusted, the guide positioning frame can be used as a handle, the handle is rotated, and the steel plate is synchronously rotated or moved, so that the steel plate is adjusted to an accurate position, the steel plate is prevented from being taken out and driven into the body again, secondary damage is caused to the affected part of the patient, meanwhile, the operation of adjusting the steel plate is simple and rapid, and the medical efficiency is improved; furthermore, because the positions of the positioning hole and the universal hole are corresponding, the driving angle of the fixing needle in the operation can be more accurate according to the principle of two points and one line, and the healing of the wounded part of the patient is facilitated.

Furthermore, the guide positioning frame comprises a plurality of detachable bracket sections, a connecting fixture block is arranged at the connecting end of one end of each bracket section, and a threaded hole is formed in the connecting fixture block; a connecting clamping groove is formed in the connecting end of the other end of the bracket section, and a second through hole is formed in the connecting clamping groove; the connecting screw penetrates through a through hole on the connecting clamping groove of one bracket section and is fixedly connected with a threaded hole on the connecting clamping block of the other bracket section; the guide positioning frame comprises a plurality of detachable bracket sections, so that the bracket sections can be increased or reduced according to the specific use condition of the device, and steel plates with different lengths can be selected according to fracture lines with different lengths below the I-shaped structure. If the length of the upper guide positioning frame is fixed, the weight of the arm is increased, and the selection range of the inserted angle of the steel plate is reduced after the length is increased; the connecting screw penetrates through the second through hole in the connecting clamping groove of one bracket section to be fixedly connected with the threaded hole in the connecting clamping block of the other bracket section, the whole structure is stable, the guide positioning frame formed by the bracket sections cannot deform when the guide positioning frame rotates, and therefore the angle of the fixing needle for driving the fixing needle into the affected part of the patient is more accurate.

Furthermore, the fixing screw is of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure can accommodate a common fixing needle to pass through, so that the fixing screw does not additionally occupy the position of a fixing needle positioning hole, the length of the positioning hole at the position is longer than that of other positioning holes, and the guiding direction is more accurate.

Furthermore, the included angle that the fixed needle locating hole extending direction on the guide positioning frame set up 90 or 45 for guide positioning frame extending direction, and the setting of angle enables the fixed needle and squeezes into patient's skeleton after, the contact length maximize of fixed needle and skeleton, increases fixed action to patient's skeleton, makes patient's healing faster.

The fine adjustment guide positioning bracket is fixedly connected to one end of the bracket section and comprises a fine adjustment positioning chute and a fine adjustment positioning slide block; the fine adjustment positioning slide block slides in the fine adjustment positioning slide groove along the slide groove direction; the fine-tuning positioning sliding chute and the fine-tuning positioning sliding block are both in the shape of a circular arc with the same circle center, and the circle center of the circular arc is superposed with the circle centers of some universal holes on the steel plate; a plurality of fine tuning positioning holes are arranged in the extending direction of the fine tuning positioning slide block, and the direction of the fine tuning positioning holes faces the direction of the circle center of the arc; in an operation, certain universal holes in the steel plate need to be penetrated by fixing needles, the universal holes in the steel plate cannot be changed, when the extending direction of the fixing needles determined by the positioning holes with fixed angles in the guide positioning frame cannot reach the universal holes in the steel plate, the positioning angles need to be finely adjusted, and the fine adjustment guide positioning frame plays a role in the process because the fine adjustment positioning sliding chute and the fine adjustment positioning sliding block are both arranged in a circular arc shape, and the circle center of the circular arc is the universal hole in the steel plate by utilizing the principle that the position of the circle center is unique; the arc-shaped fine adjustment positioning slide block is provided with a fine adjustment positioning hole with an extending square in the arc radius direction, the fine adjustment positioning hole can be aligned with the universal hole in the steel plate by sliding the fine adjustment positioning slide block, the fixing needle penetrates through the fine adjustment positioning hole and the positioning hole in the steel plate and is driven into the skeleton of a patient, and the problem that the extending direction of the fixing needle determined by the positioning hole with a fixed angle on the positioning frame cannot reach the universal hole in the steel plate is solved; the requirement that the fixing needle needs to be driven into some universal holes in the steel plate is met, and the treatment purpose is achieved. The fine-tuning positioning device is designed into a structure of a sliding block and a sliding groove, so that fine-tuning angles are richer and more accurate.

Furthermore, the cross section of the fine adjustment positioning chute is of a U-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning chute is detachably connected with the bracket section, a clamping groove is arranged on any one side of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning chute along the sliding direction of the U-shaped fine adjustment positioning chute, the cross section of the clamping groove is of a convex shape, and the top of the convex shape penetrates through the clamping groove to be the same as the outside; the fine tuning positioning slide block is provided with a groove rail along the sliding direction, and the groove rail is matched with the clamping groove. The clamping groove on the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove is matched with the groove rail of the fine adjustment positioning sliding block, so that the fine adjustment positioning sliding block can slide smoothly in the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove, the fine adjustment positioning sliding block cannot run out of the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove in the using process, the essence of the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove of the U-shaped structure enables the fine adjustment positioning sliding block to slide in a larger range in the fine adjustment positioning sliding groove, and the range of fine adjustment positioning hole adjustment on the fine adjustment positioning sliding block is larger.

The locking device comprises a threaded hole arranged on one side of the fine adjustment positioning chute and a locking screw matched with the threaded hole, and the locking device is used for locking the fine adjustment positioning slide block to slide on the fine adjustment positioning chute; when the fixing needle is driven into the bone of the patient through the fine adjustment positioning hole and the universal hole in the steel plate, the fine adjustment positioning slide block can slide relative to the fine adjustment positioning slide groove, so that the position of the driven fixing needle is deviated, and the bone rehabilitation of the patient is not facilitated; the locking screw of the locking device is screwed up, the locking screw abuts against the fine adjustment positioning slide block, the relative positions of the fine adjustment positioning slide block and the fine adjustment positioning slide groove are limited, the fine adjustment positioning slide block and the fine adjustment positioning slide groove cannot slide relatively, and therefore the fact that the angle of the fixing needle is more accurate when the fixing needle is driven is guaranteed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme of the invention, the guide positioning frame and the steel plate can be fixedly connected by the fixing screws penetrating through the connecting sleeve, and after the guide positioning frame and the steel plate are fixedly connected, a combined structure similar to an I-shaped structure is formed, so that the relative positions of the guide positioning frame and the steel plate cannot be changed; after the steel plate is driven into the body of a patient, if the direction of the steel plate needs to be adjusted, the guide positioning frame can be used as a handle, the handle is rotated, and the steel plate is synchronously rotated or moved, so that the steel plate is adjusted to an accurate position, the steel plate is prevented from being taken out and driven into the body again, secondary damage is caused to the affected part of the patient, meanwhile, the operation of adjusting the steel plate is simple and rapid, and the medical efficiency is improved; the fine-adjustment guiding and positioning frame is fixedly connected to one end of the bracket section, certain universal holes in the steel plate need to be penetrated by a fixing needle in an operation, the universal holes in the steel plate cannot be changed, and when the extending direction of the fixing needle determined by the positioning holes for fixing the angle in the guiding and positioning frame cannot reach the universal holes in the steel plate, the positioning angle needs to be fine-adjusted, because the fine-adjustment positioning sliding chute and the fine-adjustment positioning sliding block are both arranged in a circular arc shape, the center of the circular arc is the universal hole in the steel plate by utilizing the principle that the position of the center of the circular; the arc-shaped fine adjustment positioning slide block is provided with a fine adjustment positioning hole with an extending square in the arc radius direction, the fine adjustment positioning hole can be aligned with the universal hole in the steel plate by sliding the fine adjustment positioning slide block, the fixing needle penetrates through the fine adjustment positioning hole and the positioning hole in the steel plate and is driven into the skeleton of a patient, and the problem that the extending direction of the fixing needle determined by the positioning hole with a fixed angle on the positioning frame cannot reach the universal hole in the steel plate is solved; the requirement that the fixing needle needs to be driven into some universal holes in the steel plate is met, and the treatment purpose is achieved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the minimally invasive surgical external guiding device for the angle-adjustable epiphyseal fracture of the humeral condyle.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a specific example of the steel sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the coupling sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a particular embodiment of a stent segment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fine adjustment positioning chute and the fine adjustment positioning slide block of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings: 1-a guide positioning frame, 2-a steel plate, 201-a first steel plate clamping groove, 202-a second steel plate clamping groove, 203-an internal threaded hole, 3-a connecting sleeve, 301-a first clamping block, 302-a second clamping block, 303-a third clamping block, 4-a fixing screw, 5-a bracket section, 501-a first through hole, 502-a bracket clamping groove, 503-a connecting clamping block, 504-a connecting clamping groove, 6-a positioning hole, 7-a universal hole, 8-a connecting screw, 9-a fine-adjustment positioning sliding groove, 10-a fine-adjustment positioning sliding block, 11-a fine-adjustment positioning hole, 12-a locking device, 13-a fine-adjustment guide positioning frame, 14-a clamping groove and 15-a groove rail.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples: